Mechanisms of oxysterol-induced carcinogenesis

Lipids in Health and Disease

Volumn 10, Issue , 2011, Pages

  Jusakul, Apinya ^a,b   Yongvanit, Puangrat ^a,b   Loilome, Watcharin ^a,b   Namwat, Nisana ^a,b   Kuver, Rahul ^c  

^a KHON KAEN UNIVERSITY   (Thailand)

^b KHON KAEN UNIVERSITY   (Thailand)

^c UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

24 HYDROXYCHOLESTEROL; 25 HYDROXYCHOLESTEROL; 5,6 CHOLESTEROLEPOXIDE; 7 HYDROXYCHOLESTEROL; 7 HYDROXYPEROXYCHOLESTEROL; 7 OXOCHOLESTEROL; 7BETA HYDROXYCHOLESTEROL; 8 AZAGUANINE; ACETYLCYSTEINE; CAROTENE; CELL NUCLEUS DNA; CHOLESTANETRIOL; CHOLESTANETRIOL 26 MONOOXYGENASE; CHOLESTEROL DERIVATIVE; CHOLESTEROL EPOXIDE; CYCLOOXYGENASE 2; CYTOKINE; DIMETHYLNITROSAMINE; FOLIC ACID; GLUTATHIONE; INTERLEUKIN 1BETA; INTERLEUKIN 8; LIVER X RECEPTOR; LYCOPENE; MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE INHIBITOR; MITOCHONDRIAL DNA; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE P38; OXYSTEROL; RESVERATROL; STEROL DERIVATIVE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; CARCINOGEN; CHOLESTEROL; MUTAGENIC AGENT;

ANTINEOPLASTIC ACTIVITY; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; APOPTOSIS; ARTICLE; BILE DUCT CARCINOMA; CANCER CELL; CANCER GROWTH; CANCER RISK; CARCINOGENESIS; CELL MIGRATION; CELL PROLIFERATION; COLON CANCER; COLON CARCINOGENESIS; CYTOKINE PRODUCTION; CYTOTOXICITY; DIGESTIVE SYSTEM CANCER; GENE EXPRESSION; GENOTOXICITY; HISTOPATHOLOGY; HUMAN; INFLAMMATION; LIPID PEROXIDATION; LUNG CANCER; MUTAGENICITY; NONHUMAN; OXIDATIVE STRESS; RISK FACTOR; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; TISSUE SPECIFICITY; ULCERATIVE COLITIS; ANIMAL; BILE DUCT TUMOR; CHEMICALLY INDUCED DISORDER; COLON TUMOR; LUNG TUMOR; METABOLISM; NEOPLASM; OXIDATION REDUCTION REACTION; REVIEW;

ANIMALS; BILE DUCT NEOPLASMS; CARCINOGENS; CHOLANGIOCARCINOMA; CHOLESTEROL; COLONIC NEOPLASMS; HUMANS; HYDROXYCHOLESTEROLS; LUNG NEOPLASMS; MUTAGENS; NEOPLASMS; OXIDATION-REDUCTION;

EID: 79952337153     PISSN: None     EISSN: 1476511X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/1476-511X-10-44     Document Type: Article

References (93)

1. Cholesterol autoxidation 1981-1986. LL Smith, Chem Phys Lipids 1987 44 87 125 10.1016/0009-3084(87)90046-6 3311423 (Pubitemid 17146543)
2. Biological effects of oxysterols: current status. F Guardiola R Codony PB Addis M Rafecas J Boatella, Food Chem Toxicol 1996 34 193 211 10.1016/0278-6915(95)00094-1 8606036 (Pubitemid 26076847)
3. Do oxysterols control cholesterol homeostasis? I Bjorkhem, J Clin Invest 2002 110 725 730 12235099
4. Oxysterol biosynthetic enzymes. DW Russell, Biochim Biophys Acta 2000 1529 126 135 11111082
5. Oxysterols: modulators of cholesterol metabolism and other processes. GJ Schroepfer Jr, Physiol Rev 2000 80 361 554 10617772 (Pubitemid 30060568)
6. Oxysterols and atherosclerosis. AJ Brown W Jessup, Atherosclerosis 1999 142 1 28 10.1016/S0021-9150(98)00196-8 9920502 (Pubitemid 28553934)
7. Oxysterols: Sources, cellular storage and metabolism, and new insights into their roles in cholesterol homeostasis. AJ Brown W Jessup, Mol Aspects Med 2009 30 111 122 10.1016/j.mam.2009.02.005 19248801
8. Novel pathways for elimination of cholesterol by extrahepatic formation of side-chain oxidized oxysterols. U Diczfalusy E Lund D Lutjohann I Bjorkhem, Scand J Clin Lab Invest Suppl 1996 226 9 17 8981665 (Pubitemid 27018881)
9. On the rate of translocation in vitro and kinetics in vivo of the major oxysterols in human circulation: critical importance of the position of the oxygen function. S Meaney K Bodin U Diczfalusy I Bjorkhem, J Lipid Res 2002 43 2130 2135 10.1194/jlr.M200293-JLR200 12454275 (Pubitemid 35471081)
10. Are side-chain oxidized oxysterols regulators also in vivo? I Bjorkhem, J Lipid Res 2009 50 Suppl 213 218 10.1194/jlr.R800025-JLR200 18952574
11. Oxysterol as a marker of atherogenic dyslipidemia in adolescence. D Alkazemi G Egeland J Vaya S Meltzer S Kubow, J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008 93 4282 4289 10.1210/jc.2008-0586 18713821 (Pubitemid 352789523)
12. Oxysterols in biological systems: sources, metabolism and pathophysiological relevance. DM van Reyk AJ Brown LM Hult'en RT Dean W Jessup, Redox Rep 2006 11 255 262 10.1179/135100006X155003 17207307 (Pubitemid 46062350)
13. Analogies between atherosclerosis and age-related maculopathy: expected roles of oxysterols. L Malvitte T Montange C Joffre A Vejux C Maiza A Bron C Creuzot-Garcher G Lizard, J Fr Ophthalmol 2006 29 570 578 10.1016/S0181-5512(06) 73815-3 (Pubitemid 43873097)
14. Oxysterols as markers of neurological disease - a review. V Leoni, Scand J Clin Lab Invest 2009 69 22 25 10.1080/00365510802651858 19199127
15. The role of 24S-hydroxycholesterol in Alzheimer's disease. H Kolsch D Lutjohann K von Bergmann R Heun, J Nutr Health Aging 2003 7 37 41 12679839 (Pubitemid 36240749)
16. Cholestane-3beta,5alpha,6beta-triol inhibits osteoblastic differentiation and promotes apoptosis of rat bone marrow stromal cells. H Liu L Yuan S Xu K Wang T Zhang, J Cell Biochem 2005 96 198 208 10.1002/jcb.20510 16052487 (Pubitemid 41420114)
17. The cytotoxic and mutagenic properties of cholesterol oxidation products. A Sevanian AR Peterson, Food Chem Toxicol 1986 24 1103 1110 10.1016/0278-6915(86)90295-4 3804113 (Pubitemid 17205315)
18. Comparison of the cytotoxic, pro-oxidant and pro-inflammatory characteristics of different oxysterols. S Lemaire-Ewing C Prunet T Montange A Vejux A Berthier G Bessede L Corcos P Gambert D Neel G Lizard, Cell Biol Toxicol 2005 21 97 114 10.1007/s10565-005-0141-2 16142584 (Pubitemid 41253203)
19. Side effects of oxysterols: cytotoxicity, oxidation, inflammation, and phospholipidosis. A Vejux L Malvitte G Lizard, Braz J Med Biol Res 2008 41 545 556 10.1590/S0100-879X2008000700001 18719735
20. Cytotoxic effects of oxysterols associated with human diseases: Induction of cell death (apoptosis and/or oncosis), oxidative and inflammatory activities, and phospholipidosis. A Vejux G Lizard, Mol Aspects Med 2009 30 153 170 10.1016/j.mam.2009.02.006 19248805
21. The production of a carcinogenic agent in the degration of cholesterol to progesterone. F Bischoff JJ Rupp, Cancer Res 1946 6 403 409 20992407
22. Cocarcinogenic activity of cholesterol oxidation products and sesame oil. F Bischoff, JNCI 1957 19 977 987 13507698
23. Carcinogenic effects of steroids. F Bischoff, Adv Lipid Res 1969 7 165 244 4186812
24. Plasma 7beta-hydroxycholesterol as a possible predictor of lung cancer risk. J Linseisen G Wolfram AB Miller, Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2002 11 1630 1637 12496054 (Pubitemid 36020017)
25. Antitumor activity of oxysterols. Effect of two water-soluble monophosphoric acid diesters of 7 beta-hydroxycholesterol on mastocytoma P815 in vivo. M Christ YH Ji C Moog X Pannecoucke G Schmitt P Bischoff B Luu, Anticancer Res 1991 11 359 364 1902075
26. Apoptosis induced by oxysterols in murine lymphoma cells and in normal thymocytes. M Christ B Luu JE Mejia I Moosbrugger P Bischoff, Immunology 1993 78 455 460 7682990 (Pubitemid 23076243)
27. Oxysterol-induced apoptosis in human monocytic cell lines. K Aupeix D Weltin JE Mejia M Christ J Marchal JM Freyssinet P Bischoff, Immunobiology 1995 194 415 428 8749234
28. Induction of apoptosis in endothelial cells treated with cholesterol oxides. G Lizard V Deckert L Dubrez M Moisant P Gambert L Lagrost, Am J Pathol 1996 148 1625 1638 8623930 (Pubitemid 26135902)
29. Cytotoxic effect of 7beta-hydroxycholesterol on human NCI-H460 lung cancer cells. KA Kang S Chae KH Lee MT Park SJ Lee YS Lee JW Hyun, Biol Pharm Bull 2005 28 1377 1380 10.1248/bpb.28.1377 16079477 (Pubitemid 41379683)
30. The lipid peroxidation end product 4-hydroxy-2,3-nonenal up-regulates transforming growth factor beta1 expression in the macrophage lineage: a link between oxidative injury and fibrosclerosis. G Leonarduzzi A Scavazza F Biasi E Chiarpotto S Camandola S Vogel R Dargel G Poli, Faseb J 1997 11 851 857 9285483 (Pubitemid 27371894)
31. Associated changes of lipid peroxidation and transforming growth factor beta1 levels in human colon cancer during tumour progression. F Biasi L Tessitore D Zanetti JC Cutrin B Zingaro E Chiarpotto N Zarkovic G Serviddio G Poli, Gut 2002 50 361 367 10.1136/gut.50.3.361 11839715 (Pubitemid 34161052)
32. The contribution of animal fat oxidation products to colon carcinogenesis through modulation of TGF-beta1 signaling. F Biasi C Mascia G Poli, Carcinogenesis 2008 29 890 894 10.1093/carcin/bgn106 18453540 (Pubitemid 351982231)
33. TGFbeta1 expression in colonic mucosa: modulation by dietary lipids. F Biasi C Mascia G Poli, Genes Nutr 2007 2 233 243 10.1007/s12263-007-0053-2 18850178
34. Type II TGF(beta) receptor expression in intestinal cell lines and in the intestinal tract. MP Winesett GW Ramsey JA Barnard, Carcinogenesis 1996 17 989 995 10.1093/carcin/17.5.989 8640948 (Pubitemid 26158395)
35. Estrogen induces apoptosis in a rat prostatic adenocarcinoma: association with an increased expression of TGF-beta 1 and its type-I and type-II receptors. M Landstrom S Eklov P Colosetti S Nilsson JE Damber A Bergh K Funa, Int J Cancer 1996 67 573 579 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0215(19960807)67:4<573::AID- IJC17>3.0.CO;2-8 8759618 (Pubitemid 26274116)
36. Expression of transforming growth factor beta type II receptor leads to reduced malignancy in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. L Sun G Wu JK Willson E Zborowska J Yang I Rajkarunanayake J Wang LE Gentry XF Wang MG Brattain, J Biol Chem 1994 269 26449 26455 7929366 (Pubitemid 24328469)
37. Reduced transforming growth factor-beta type II receptor (TGF-beta RII) expression in adenocarcinoma of the lung. WS Kim C Park YS Jung HS Kim J Han CH Park K Kim J Kim YM Shim K Park, Anticancer Res 1999 19 301 306 10226558 (Pubitemid 29168253)
38. Pro-oxidant and proapoptotic effects of cholesterol oxidation products on human colonic epithelial cells: a potential mechanism of inflammatory bowel disease progression. F Biasi C Mascia M Astegiano E Chiarpotto M Nano B Vizio G Leonarduzzi G Poli, Free Radic Biol Med 2009 47 1731 1741 10.1016/j. freeradbiomed.2009.09.020 19778604
39. Regulation of oxidant-induced intestinal permeability by metalloprotease-dependent epidermal growth factor receptor signaling. CB Forsyth A Banan A Farhadi JZ Fields Y Tang M Shaikh LJ Zhang PA Engen A Keshavarzian, J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2007 321 84 97 10.1124/jpet.106.113019 17220428 (Pubitemid 46456972)
40. Fecal bile acids and cholesterol metabolites of patients with ulcerative colitis, a high-risk group for development of colon cancer. BS Reddy CW Martin EL Wynder, Cancer Res 1977 37 1697 1701 322859 (Pubitemid 8098513)
41. Effect of cholesterol metabolites and promoting effect of lithocholic acid in colon carcinogenesis in germ-free and conventional F344 rats. BS Reddy K Watanabe, Cancer Res 1979 39 1521 1524 427796 (Pubitemid 9172667)
42. Opisthorchis viverrini and cholangiocarcinoma in Northeast Thailand. MR Haswell-Elkins P Sithithaworn D Elkins, Parasitol Today 1992 8 86 89 10.1016/0169-4758(92)90241-S 15463578
43. Cross-sectional patterns of hepatobiliary abnormalities and possible precursor conditions of cholangiocarcinoma associated with Opisthorchis viverrini infection in humans. DB Elkins E Mairiang P Sithithaworn P Mairiang J Chaiyakum N Chamadol V Loapaiboon MR Haswell-Elkins, Am J Trop Med Hyg 1996 55 295 301 8842118 (Pubitemid 26321835)
44. 8-nitroguanine formation in the liver of hamsters infected with Opisthorchis viverrini. S Pinlaor P Yongvanit Y Hiraku N Ma R Semba S Oikawa M Murata B Sripa P Sithithaworn S Kawanishi, Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2003 309 567 571 10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.08.039 12963027 (Pubitemid 37083289)
45. Accumulation of miscoding etheno-DNA adducts and highly expressed DNA repair during liver fluke-induced cholangiocarcinogenesis in hamsters. S Dechakhamphu S Pinlaor P Sitthithaworn H Bartsch P Yongvanit, Mutat Res 2010 691 9 16 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2010.06.003 20541562
46. Urinary 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine in patients with parasite infection and effect of antiparasitic drug in relation to cholangiocarcinogenesis. R Thanan M Murata S Pinlaor P Sithithaworn N Khuntikeo W Tangkanakul Y Hiraku S Oikawa P Yongvanit S Kawanishi, Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008 17 518 524 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-07-2717 18349269 (Pubitemid 351469200)
47. Lipid peroxidation and etheno DNA adducts in white blood cells of liver fluke-infected patients: protection by plasma alpha-tocopherol and praziquantel. S Dechakhamphu S Pinlaor P Sitthithaworn J Nair H Bartsch P Yongvanit, Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2010 19 310 318 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-09-0849 20056652
48. Inhibition of interleukin 6-mediated mitogen-activated protein kinase activation attenuates growth of a cholangiocarcinoma cell line. J Park L Tadlock GJ Gores T Patel, Hepatology 1999 30 1128 1133 10.1002/hep.510300522 10534331 (Pubitemid 29510848)
49. Marked elevation of serum interleukin-6 in patients with cholangiocarcinoma: validation of utility as a clinical marker. JS Goydos AM Brumfield E Frezza A Booth MT Lotze SE Carty, Ann Surg 1998 227 398 404 10.1097/00000658-199803000-00012 9527063 (Pubitemid 28131021)
50. Advanced periductal fibrosis from infection with the carcinogenic human liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini correlates with elevated levels of interleukin-6. B Sripa E Mairiang B Thinkhamrop T Laha S Kaewkes P Sithithaworn S Tessana A Loukas PJ Brindley JM Bethony, Hepatology 2009 50 1273 1281 10.1002/hep.23134 19676135
51. Oxysterols induce cyclooxygenase-2 expression in cholangiocytes: implications for biliary tract carcinogenesis. JH Yoon AE Canbay NW Werneburg SP Lee GJ Gores, Hepatology 2004 39 732 738 10.1002/hep.20125 14999691 (Pubitemid 38337652)
52. Many actions of cyclooxygenase-2 in cellular dynamics and in cancer. Y Cao SM Prescott, J Cell Physiol 2002 190 279 286 10.1002/jcp.10068 11857443 (Pubitemid 34111968)
53. Bile acids inhibit Mcl-1 protein turnover via an epidermal growth factor receptor/Raf-1-dependent mechanism. JH Yoon NW Werneburg H Higuchi AE Canbay SH Kaufmann C Akgul SW Edwards GJ Gores, Cancer Res 2002 62 6500 6505 12438243 (Pubitemid 35364114)
54. Origin of oxysterols in hepatic bile of patients with biliary infection. T Yoshida Y Matsuzaki WG Haigh S Fukushima K Ikezawa N Tanaka SP Lee, Am J Gastroenterol 2003 98 2275 2280 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2003.07703.x 14572579 (Pubitemid 37305370)
55. Effects of bile salts on cholestan-3beta, 5alpha, 6beta-triol-induced apoptosis in dog gallbladder epithelial cells. T Yoshida JH Klinkspoor R Kuver M Poot PS Rabinovitch SP Wrenn EW Kaler SP Lee, Biochim Biophys Acta 2001 1530 199 208 11239822 (Pubitemid 32182429)
56. Mutagenic cholesterol preparations. LL Smith VB Smart GA Ansari, Mutat Res 1979 68 23 30 10.1016/0165-1218(79)90074-0 386108 (Pubitemid 9215594)
57. Cholesterol-3-beta, 5-alpha, 6-beta-triol induced genotoxicity through reactive oxygen species formation. YW Cheng JJ Kang YL Shih YL Lo CF Wang, Food Chem Toxicol 2005 43 617 622 10.1016/j.fct.2005.01.007 15721210 (Pubitemid 40255298)
58. Mitochondrial DNA damage induced by 7-ketocholesterol in human retinal pigment epithelial cells in vitro. AL Gramajo LC Zacharias A Neekhra S Luthra SR Atilano M Chwa DJ Brown BD Kuppermann MC Kenney, Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2010 51 1164 1170 10.1167/iovs.09-3443 19834037
59. Cholestane-3beta, 5alpha, 6beta-triol-induced reactive oxygen species production promotes mitochondrial dysfunction in isolated mice liver mitochondria. H Liu T Wang K Huang, Chem Biol Interact 2009 179 81 87 10.1016/j.cbi.2008.12.003 19121293
60. Early involvement of ROS overproduction in apoptosis induced by 7-ketocholesterol. G Leonarduzzi B Vizio B Sottero V Verde P Gamba C Mascia E Chiarpotto G Poli F Biasi, Antioxid Redox Signal 2006 8 375 380 10.1089/ars.2006.8.375 16677084 (Pubitemid 43741309)
61. Mechanisms of oxysterol-induced apoptosis. SR Panini MS Sinensky, Curr Opin Lipidol 2001 12 529 533 10.1097/00041433-200110000-00008 11561172 (Pubitemid 32980301)
62. Glutathione is implied in the control of 7-ketocholesterol-induced apoptosis, which is associated with radical oxygen species production. G Lizard S Gueldry O Sordet S Monier A Athias C Miguet G Bessede S Lemaire E Solary P Gambert, Faseb J 1998 12 1651 1663 9837855 (Pubitemid 28553660)
63. Cholesterol oxidation in the retina: implications of 7KCh formation in chronic inflammation and age-related macular degeneration. IR Rodriguez IM Larrayoz, J Lipid Res 2010 51 2847 2862 10.1194/jlr.R004820 20567027
64. Effects of oxysterols on cell viability, inflammatory cytokines, VEGF, and reactive oxygen species production on human retinal cells: cytoprotective effects and prevention of VEGF secretion by resveratrol. B Dugas S Charbonnier M Baarine K Ragot D Delmas F Menetrier J Lherminier L Malvitte T Khalfaoui A Bron, et al. Eur J Nutr 2010 49 435 446 10.1007/s00394-010-0102-2 20339855
65. Analysis of oxidative processes and of myelin figures formation before and after the loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential during 7beta-hydroxycholesterol and 7-ketocholesterol-induced apoptosis: comparison with various pro-apoptotic chemicals. C Miguet-Alfonsi C Prunet S Monier G Bessede S Lemaire-Ewing A Berthier F Menetrier D Neel P Gambert G Lizard, Biochem Pharmacol 2002 64 527 541 10.1016/S0006-2952(02)01110-3 12147305 (Pubitemid 34874856)
66. Comparative study of the cytotoxicity and apoptosis-inducing potential of commonly occurring oxysterols. YC O'Callaghan JA Woods NM O'Brien, Cell Biol Toxicol 2001 17 127 137 11499696 (Pubitemid 32681048)
67. Lycopene prevents 7-ketocholesterol-induced oxidative stress, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human macrophages. P Palozza R Simone A Catalano A Boninsegna V Bohm K Frohlich MC Mele G Monego FO Ranelletti, J Nutr Biochem 2010 21 34 46 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2008.10.002 19157829
68. Lycopene prevention of oxysterol-induced proinflammatory cytokine cascade in human macrophages: inhibition of NF-kappaB nuclear binding and increase in PPARgamma expression. P Palozza R Simone A Catalano G Monego A Barini MC Mele N Parrone S Trombino N Picci FO Ranelletti, J Nutr Biochem 2011 22 259 68 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2010.02.003 20573495
69. Prevention of 7-ketocholesterol-induced mitochondrial damage and cell death by calmodulin inhibition. JH Han YJ Kim ES Han CS Lee, Brain Res 2007 1137 11 19 10.1016/j.brainres.2006.12.041 17224136 (Pubitemid 46240061)
70. Impairment with various antioxidants of the loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential and of the cytosolic release of cytochrome c occuring during 7-ketocholesterol-induced apoptosis. G Lizard C Miguet G Bessede S Monier S Gueldry D Neel P Gambert, Free Radic Biol Med 2000 28 743 753 10.1016/S0891-5849(00)00163-5 10754270 (Pubitemid 30171288)
71. Oxysterol mixtures prevent proapoptotic effects of 7-ketocholesterol in macrophages: implications for proatherogenic gene modulation. F Biasi G Leonarduzzi B Vizio D Zanetti A Sevanian B Sottero V Verde B Zingaro E Chiarpotto G Poli, Faseb J 2004 18 693 695 14977888
72. Hypoxia increases 25-hydroxycholesterol-induced interleukin-8 protein secretion in human macrophages. EK Rydberg L Salomonsson LM Hulten K Noren G Bondjers O Wiklund T Bjornheden BG Ohlsson, Atherosclerosis 2003 170 245 252 10.1016/S0021-9150(03)00302-2 14612204 (Pubitemid 37377796)
73. Multiplexed flow cytometric analyses of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the culture media of oxysterol-treated human monocytic cells and in the sera of atherosclerotic patients. C Prunet T Montange A Vejux A Laubriet JF Rohmer JM Riedinger A Athias S Lemaire-Ewing D Neel JM Petit, et al. Cytometry A 2006 69 359 373 16604541 (Pubitemid 44651349)
74. LXRs: Oxysterol-activated nuclear receptors that regulate genes controlling lipid homeostasis. PA Edwards MA Kennedy PA Mak, Vascul Pharmacol 2002 38 249 256 10.1016/S1537-1891(02)00175-1 12449021 (Pubitemid 36398270)
75. 25-hydroxycholesterol induces lipopolysaccharide-tolerance and decreases a lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-alpha secretion in macrophages. MC Englund AL Karlsson O Wiklund G Bondjers BG Ohlsson, Atherosclerosis 2001 158 61 71 10.1016/S0021-9150(01)00407-5 11500175 (Pubitemid 32735468)
76. 25-Hydroxycholesterol secreted by macrophages in response to Toll-like receptor activation suppresses immunoglobulin A production. DR Bauman AD Bitmansour JG McDonald BM Thompson G Liang DW Russell, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2009 106 16764 16769 10.1073/pnas.0909142106 19805370
77. Osteoblast-derived oxysterol is a migration-inducing factor for human breast cancer cells. J Silva A Beckedorf E Bieberich, J Biol Chem 2003 278 25376 25385 10.1074/jbc.M301233200 12734199 (Pubitemid 36835287)
78. An experimentally derived database of candidate Ras-interacting proteins. LE Goldfinger C Ptak ED Jeffery J Shabanowitz J Han JR Haling NE Sherman JW Fox DF Hunt MH Ginsberg, J Proteome Res 2007 6 1806 1811 10.1021/pr060630l 17439166 (Pubitemid 46814504)
79. The R-Ras interaction partner ORP3 regulates cell adhesion. M Lehto MI Mayranpaa T Pellinen P Ihalmo S Lehtonen PT Kovanen PH Groop J Ivaska VM Olkkonen, J Cell Sci 2008 121 695 705 10.1242/jcs.016964 18270267 (Pubitemid 351524168)
80. Altered gene expression in Opisthorchis viverrini-associated cholangiocarcinoma in hamster model. W Loilome P Yongvanit C Wongkham N Tepsiri B Sripa P Sithithaworn S Hanai M Miwa, Mol Carcinog 2006 45 279 287 10.1002/mc.20094 16550611
81. 7-ketocholesterol and 5,6-secosterol modulate differently the stress-activated mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in liver cells. S Anticoli M Arciello A Mancinetti M De Martinis L Ginaldi L Iuliano C Balsano, J Cell Physiol 2010 222 586 595 19937729
82. Bile acids activate EGF receptor via a TGF-alpha-dependent mechanism in human cholangiocyte cell lines. NW Werneburg JH Yoon H Higuchi GJ Gores, Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2003 285 31 36 12606307
83. Bile acid depletion and repletion regulate cholangiocyte growth and secretion by a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent pathway in rats. G Alpini S Glaser D Alvaro Y Ueno M Marzioni H Francis L Baiocchi T Stati B Barbaro JL Phinizy, et al. Gastroenterology 2002 123 1226 1237 10.1053/gast.2002.36055 12360484
84. Cholesterol epoxide is a direct-acting mutagen. A Sevanian AR Peterson, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1984 81 4198 4202 10.1073/pnas.81.13.4198 6588383 (Pubitemid 14054548)
85. Oxysterol profiles of normal human arteries, fatty streaks and advanced lesions. S Garcia-Cruset KL Carpenter F Guardiola BK Stein MJ Mitchinson, Free Radic Res 2001 35 31 41 10.1080/10715760100300571 11697115 (Pubitemid 32725623)
86. Formation of cholesterol-derived photoproducts in human skin. WB Lo HS Black, J Invest Dermatol 1972 58 278 283 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12540288 5023648
87. Cholesterol-3-beta, 5-alpha, 6-beta-triol induced PI(3)K-Akt-eNOS- dependent cyclooxygenase-2 expression in endothelial cells. PL Liao YW Cheng CH Li YL Lo JJ Kang, Toxicol Lett 2009 190 172 178 10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.07.012 19616084
88. Control of apolipoprotein E secretion by 25-hydroxycholesterol and proinflammatory cytokines in the human astrocytoma cell line CCF-STTG1. Y Gueguen P Bertrand L Ferrari AM Batt G Siest, Cell Biol Toxicol 2001 17 191 199 10.1023/A:1011996515328 11693580 (Pubitemid 32971561)
89. The neurotoxic effect of 24-hydroxycholesterol on SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. H Kolsch D Lutjohann A Tulke I Bjorkhem ML Rao, Brain Res 1999 818 171 175 10.1016/S0006-8993(98)01274-8 9914453 (Pubitemid 29227299)
90. Plasma 24S-hydroxycholesterol (cerebrosterol) is increased in Alzheimer and vascular demented patients. D Lutjohann A Papassotiropoulos I Bjorkhem S Locatelli M Bagli RD Oehring U Schlegel F Jessen ML Rao K von Bergmann R Heun, J Lipid Res 2000 41 195 198 10681402 (Pubitemid 30117859)
91. Plasma levels of 24S-hydroxycholesterol in patients with neurological diseases. L Bretillon A Siden LO Wahlund D Lutjohann L Minthon M Crisby J Hillert CG Groth U Diczfalusy I Bjorkhem, Neurosci Lett 2000 293 87 90 10.1016/S0304-3940(00)01466-X 11027840
92. 7-Hydroperoxycholesterol and its products in oxidized low density lipoprotein and human atherosclerotic plaque. AJ Brown SL Leong RT Dean W Jessup, J Lipid Res 1997 38 1730 1745 9323583 (Pubitemid 27411265)
93. Macrophages isolated from human atherosclerotic plaques produce IL-8, and oxysterols may have a regulatory function for IL-8 production. Y Liu LM Hulten O Wiklund, Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1997 17 317 323 9081687 (Pubitemid 27098190)