메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 105, Issue , 2010, Pages i61-i68

Early childhood general anaesthesia exposure and neurocognitive development

Author keywords

anaesthesia, paediatric; children; neurocognitive outcome; neurotoxicity; risk

Indexed keywords

ANESTHETIC AGENT;

EID: 79952199825     PISSN: 00070912     EISSN: 14716771     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/bja/aeq302     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (318)

References (68)
  • 1
    • 79958019867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Hospital Discharge Survey: 2005 annual summary with detailed diagnosis and procedure data
    • DeFrances, CJ, Cullen, KA, Kozak, LJ, National Hospital Discharge Survey: 2005 annual summary with detailed diagnosis and procedure data. Vital Health Stat 13 (2007), 1–209.
    • (2007) Vital Health Stat , vol.13 , pp. 1-209
    • DeFrances, C.J.1    Cullen, K.A.2    Kozak, L.J.3
  • 2
    • 33847222701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of anesthetic agents in neonates and young children
    • Mellon, RD, Simone, AF, Rappaport, BA, Use of anesthetic agents in neonates and young children. Anesth Analg 104 (2007), 509–520 doi:10.1213/01.ane.0000255729.96438.b0.
    • (2007) Anesth Analg , vol.104 , pp. 509-520
    • Mellon, R.D.1    Simone, A.F.2    Rappaport, B.A.3
  • 3
    • 44649178281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An assessment of the effects of general anesthetics on developing brain structure and neurocognitive function
    • Loepke, AW, Soriano, SG, An assessment of the effects of general anesthetics on developing brain structure and neurocognitive function. Anesth Analg 106 (2008), 1681–1707 doi:10.1213/ane.0b013e318167ad77.
    • (2008) Anesth Analg , vol.106 , pp. 1681-1707
    • Loepke, A.W.1    Soriano, S.G.2
  • 4
    • 67649522015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • General anesthetics and the developing brain
    • Istaphanous, GK, Loepke, AW, General anesthetics and the developing brain. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 22 (2009), 368–373 doi:10.1097/ACO.0b013e3283294c9e.
    • (2009) Curr Opin Anaesthesiol , vol.22 , pp. 368-373
    • Istaphanous, G.K.1    Loepke, A.W.2
  • 5
    • 77949483935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental neurotoxicity of sedatives and anesthetics: a concern for neonatal and pediatric critical care medicine?
    • Loepke, AW, Developmental neurotoxicity of sedatives and anesthetics: a concern for neonatal and pediatric critical care medicine?. Pediatr Crit Care Med 11 (2010), 217–226.
    • (2010) Pediatr Crit Care Med , vol.11 , pp. 217-226
    • Loepke, A.W.1
  • 6
    • 77951986783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is there any relationship between long-term behavior disturbance and early exposure to anesthesia?
    • Wilder, RT, Is there any relationship between long-term behavior disturbance and early exposure to anesthesia?. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 23 (2010), 332–336 doi:10.1097/ACO.0b013e3283391f94.
    • (2010) Curr Opin Anaesthesiol , vol.23 , pp. 332-336
    • Wilder, R.T.1
  • 7
    • 0037321378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early exposure to common anesthetic agents causes widespread neurodegeneration in the developing rat brain and persistent learning deficits
    • Jevtovic-Todorovic, V, Hartman, RE, Izumi, Y, et al. Early exposure to common anesthetic agents causes widespread neurodegeneration in the developing rat brain and persistent learning deficits. J Neurosci 23 (2003), 876–882.
    • (2003) J Neurosci , vol.23 , pp. 876-882
    • Jevtovic-Todorovic, V.1    Hartman, R.E.2    Izumi, Y.3
  • 8
    • 44649174970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PRO: anesthesia-induced developmental neuroapoptosis: status of the evidence
    • Jevtovic-Todorovic, V, Olney, JW, PRO: anesthesia-induced developmental neuroapoptosis: status of the evidence. Anesth Analg 106 (2008), 1659–1663 doi:10.1213/ane.0b013e3181731ff2.
    • (2008) Anesth Analg , vol.106 , pp. 1659-1663
    • Jevtovic-Todorovic, V.1    Olney, J.W.2
  • 9
    • 65549162169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dexmedetomidine attenuates isoflurane-induced neurocognitive impairment in neonatal rats
    • Sanders, RD, Xu, J, Shu, Y, et al. Dexmedetomidine attenuates isoflurane-induced neurocognitive impairment in neonatal rats. Anesthesiology 110 (2009), 1077–1085 doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e31819daedd.
    • (2009) Anesthesiology , vol.110 , pp. 1077-1085
    • Sanders, R.D.1    Xu, J.2    Shu, Y.3
  • 10
    • 65349114721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isoflurane differentially affects neurogenesis and long-term neurocognitive function in 60-day-old and 7-day-old rats
    • Stratmann, G, Sall, JW, May, LD, et al. Isoflurane differentially affects neurogenesis and long-term neurocognitive function in 60-day-old and 7-day-old rats. Anesthesiology 110 (2009), 834–848 doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e31819c463d.
    • (2009) Anesthesiology , vol.110 , pp. 834-848
    • Stratmann, G.1    Sall, J.W.2    May, L.D.3
  • 11
    • 77649087875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beyond anesthetic properties: the effects of isoflurane on brain cell death, neurogenesis, and long-term neurocognitive function
    • Stratmann, G, Sall, JW, May, LD, Loepke, AW, Lee, MT, Beyond anesthetic properties: the effects of isoflurane on brain cell death, neurogenesis, and long-term neurocognitive function. Anesth Analg 110 (2010), 431–437.
    • (2010) Anesth Analg , vol.110 , pp. 431-437
    • Stratmann, G.1    Sall, J.W.2    May, L.D.3    Loepke, A.W.4    Lee, M.T.5
  • 12
    • 77952009347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isoflurane anesthesia induced persistent, progressive memory impairment, caused a loss of neural stem cells, and reduced neurogenesis in young, but not adult, rodents
    • Zhu, C, Gao, J, Karlsson, N, et al. Isoflurane anesthesia induced persistent, progressive memory impairment, caused a loss of neural stem cells, and reduced neurogenesis in young, but not adult, rodents. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 30 (2010), 1017–1030 doi:10.1038/jcbfm.2009.274.
    • (2010) J Cereb Blood Flow Metab , vol.30 , pp. 1017-1030
    • Zhu, C.1    Gao, J.2    Karlsson, N.3
  • 13
    • 41549092597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Response to neonatal anesthesia: effect of sex on anatomical and behavioral outcome
    • Rothstein, S, Simkins, T, Nunez, JL, Response to neonatal anesthesia: effect of sex on anatomical and behavioral outcome. Neuroscience 152 (2008), 959–969 doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.01.027.
    • (2008) Neuroscience , vol.152 , pp. 959-969
    • Rothstein, S.1    Simkins, T.2    Nunez, J.L.3
  • 14
    • 73449124817 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurotoxicity of general anesthetics: cause for concern?
    • Perouansky, M, Neurotoxicity of general anesthetics: cause for concern?. Anesthesiology 111 (2009), 1365–1367 doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e3181bf1d61.
    • (2009) Anesthesiology , vol.111 , pp. 1365-1367
    • Perouansky, M.1
  • 15
    • 77950861065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isoflurane-induced neuroapoptosis in the neonatal rhesus macaque brain
    • Brambrink, AM, Evers, AS, Avidan, MS, et al. Isoflurane-induced neuroapoptosis in the neonatal rhesus macaque brain. Anesthesiology 112 (2010), 834–841 doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e3181d049cd.
    • (2010) Anesthesiology , vol.112 , pp. 834-841
    • Brambrink, A.M.1    Evers, A.S.2    Avidan, M.S.3
  • 17
    • 77649106829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Volatile anesthetics rapidly increase dendritic spine density in the rat medial prefrontal cortex during synaptogenesis
    • Briner, A, De Roo, M, Dayer, A, Muller, D, Habre, W, Vutskits, L, Volatile anesthetics rapidly increase dendritic spine density in the rat medial prefrontal cortex during synaptogenesis. Anesthesiology 112 (2010), 546–556 doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e3181cd7942.
    • (2010) Anesthesiology , vol.112 , pp. 546-556
    • Briner, A.1    De Roo, M.2    Dayer, A.3    Muller, D.4    Habre, W.5    Vutskits, L.6
  • 18
    • 47149094688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential of xenon to induce or to protect against neuroapoptosis in the developing mouse brain
    • Cattano, D, Williamson, P, Fukui, K, et al. Potential of xenon to induce or to protect against neuroapoptosis in the developing mouse brain. Can J Anaesth 55 (2008), 429–436 doi:10.1007/BF03016309.
    • (2008) Can J Anaesth , vol.55 , pp. 429-436
    • Cattano, D.1    Williamson, P.2    Fukui, K.3
  • 19
    • 76249129971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The young: neuroapoptosis induced by anesthetics and what to do about it
    • Creeley, CE, Olney, JW, The young: neuroapoptosis induced by anesthetics and what to do about it. Anesth Analg 110 (2009), 442–448 doi:10.1213/ANE.0b013e3181c6b9ca.
    • (2009) Anesth Analg , vol.110 , pp. 442-448
    • Creeley, C.E.1    Olney, J.W.2
  • 20
    • 34548201806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neonatal exposure to a combination of N-methyl-D-aspartate and gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor anesthetic agents potentiates apoptotic neurodegeneration and persistent behavioral deficits
    • Fredriksson, A, Ponten, E, Gordh, T, Eriksson, P, Neonatal exposure to a combination of N-methyl-D-aspartate and gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor anesthetic agents potentiates apoptotic neurodegeneration and persistent behavioral deficits. Anesthesiology 107 (2007), 427–436 doi:10.1097/01.anes.0000278892.62305.9c.
    • (2007) Anesthesiology , vol.107 , pp. 427-436
    • Fredriksson, A.1    Ponten, E.2    Gordh, T.3    Eriksson, P.4
  • 21
    • 33846944295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potentially toxic effects of anaesthetics on the developing central nervous system
    • Gascon, E, Klauser, P, Kiss, JZ, Vutskits, L, Potentially toxic effects of anaesthetics on the developing central nervous system. Eur J Anaesthesiol 24 (2007), 213–224 doi:10.1017/S0265021506002365.
    • (2007) Eur J Anaesthesiol , vol.24 , pp. 213-224
    • Gascon, E.1    Klauser, P.2    Kiss, J.Z.3    Vutskits, L.4
  • 22
    • 0032947526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blockade of NMDA receptors and apoptotic neurodegeneration in the developing brain
    • Ikonomidou, C, Bosch, F, Miksa, M, et al. Blockade of NMDA receptors and apoptotic neurodegeneration in the developing brain. Science 283 (1999), 70–74 doi:10.1126/science.283.5398.70.
    • (1999) Science , vol.283 , pp. 70-74
    • Ikonomidou, C.1    Bosch, F.2    Miksa, M.3
  • 23
    • 39049149975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isoflurane-induced neuroapoptosis in the developing brain of nonhypoglycemic mice
    • Johnson, SA, Young, C, Olney, JW, Isoflurane-induced neuroapoptosis in the developing brain of nonhypoglycemic mice. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 20 (2008), 21–28 doi:10.1097/ANA.0b013e3181271850.
    • (2008) J Neurosurg Anesthesiol , vol.20 , pp. 21-28
    • Johnson, S.A.1    Young, C.2    Olney, J.W.3
  • 24
    • 58749107529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of neonatal isoflurane exposure in mice on brain cell viability, adult behavior, learning, and memory
    • Loepke, AW, Istaphanous, GK, McAuliffe, JJ 3rd, et al. The effects of neonatal isoflurane exposure in mice on brain cell viability, adult behavior, learning, and memory. Anesth Analg 108 (2009), 90–104 doi:10.1213/ane.0b013e31818cdb29.
    • (2009) Anesth Analg , vol.108 , pp. 90-104
    • Loepke, A.W.1    Istaphanous, G.K.2    McAuliffe, J.J.3
  • 25
    • 33747444621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • General anesthesia activates BDNF-dependent neuroapoptosis in the developing rat brain
    • Lu, LX, Yon, JH, Carter, LB, Jevtovic-Todorovic, V, General anesthesia activates BDNF-dependent neuroapoptosis in the developing rat brain. Apoptosis 11 (2006), 1603–1615 doi:10.1007/s10495-006-8762-3.
    • (2006) Apoptosis , vol.11 , pp. 1603-1615
    • Lu, L.X.1    Yon, J.H.2    Carter, L.B.3    Jevtovic-Todorovic, V.4
  • 26
    • 34147169147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Xenon mitigates isoflurane-induced neuronal apoptosis in the developing rodent brain
    • Ma, D, Williamson, P, Januszewski, A, et al. Xenon mitigates isoflurane-induced neuronal apoptosis in the developing rodent brain. Anesthesiology 106 (2007), 746–753 doi:10.1097/01.anes.0000264762.48920.80.
    • (2007) Anesthesiology , vol.106 , pp. 746-753
    • Ma, D.1    Williamson, P.2    Januszewski, A.3
  • 27
    • 42249095115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early exposure to general anesthesia causes significant neuronal deletion in the developing rat brain
    • Nikizad, H, Yon, JH, Carter, LB, Jevtovic-Todorovic, V, Early exposure to general anesthesia causes significant neuronal deletion in the developing rat brain. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1122 (2007), 69–82 doi:10.1196/annals.1403.005.
    • (2007) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.1122 , pp. 69-82
    • Nikizad, H.1    Yon, J.H.2    Carter, L.B.3    Jevtovic-Todorovic, V.4
  • 28
    • 0033926490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental agents that have the potential to trigger massive apoptotic neurodegeneration in the developing brain
    • Olney, JW, Farber, NB, Wozniak, DF, Jevtovic-Todorovic, V, Ikonomidou, C, Environmental agents that have the potential to trigger massive apoptotic neurodegeneration in the developing brain. Environ Health Perspect 108(:Suppl. 3 (2000), 383–388 doi:10.2307/3454524.
    • (2000) Environ Health Perspect , vol.108 , pp. 383-388
    • Olney, J.W.1    Farber, N.B.2    Wozniak, D.F.3    Jevtovic-Todorovic, V.4    Ikonomidou, C.5
  • 29
    • 41149174313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical anesthesia causes permanent damage to the fetal guinea pig brain
    • Rizzi, S, Carter, LB, Ori, C, Jevtovic-Todorovic, V, Clinical anesthesia causes permanent damage to the fetal guinea pig brain. Brain Pathol 18 (2008), 198–210 doi:10.1111/j.1750-3639.2007.00116.x.
    • (2008) Brain Pathol , vol.18 , pp. 198-210
    • Rizzi, S.1    Carter, L.B.2    Ori, C.3    Jevtovic-Todorovic, V.4
  • 30
    • 77953970357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Timing versus duration: determinants of anesthesia-induced developmental apoptosis in the young mammalian brain
    • Rizzi, S, Ori, C, Jevtovic-Todorovic, V, Timing versus duration: determinants of anesthesia-induced developmental apoptosis in the young mammalian brain. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1199 (2010), 43–51 doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05173.x.
    • (2010) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.1199 , pp. 43-51
    • Rizzi, S.1    Ori, C.2    Jevtovic-Todorovic, V.3
  • 32
    • 62349116245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neonatal exposure to sevoflurane induces abnormal social behaviors and deficits in fear conditioning in mice
    • Satomoto, M, Satoh, Y, Terui, K, et al. Neonatal exposure to sevoflurane induces abnormal social behaviors and deficits in fear conditioning in mice. Anesthesiology 110 (2009), 628–637 doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e3181974fa2.
    • (2009) Anesthesiology , vol.110 , pp. 628-637
    • Satomoto, M.1    Satoh, Y.2    Terui, K.3
  • 33
    • 5744220644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental neurotoxicity of ketamine: morphometric confirmation, exposure parameters, and multiple fluorescent labeling of apoptotic neurons
    • Scallet, AC, Schmued, LC, Slikker, W Jr, et al. Developmental neurotoxicity of ketamine: morphometric confirmation, exposure parameters, and multiple fluorescent labeling of apoptotic neurons. Toxicol Sci 81 (2004), 364–370 doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfh224.
    • (2004) Toxicol Sci , vol.81 , pp. 364-370
    • Scallet, A.C.1    Schmued, L.C.2    Slikker, W.3
  • 35
    • 65349084335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lithium protects against anesthesia-induced developmental neuroapoptosis
    • Straiko, MM, Young, C, Cattano, D, et al. Lithium protects against anesthesia-induced developmental neuroapoptosis. Anesthesiology 110 (2009), 862–868 doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e31819b5eab.
    • (2009) Anesthesiology , vol.110 , pp. 862-868
    • Straiko, M.M.1    Young, C.2    Cattano, D.3
  • 36
    • 17044425731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor in ketamine-induced apoptosis in rat forebrain culture
    • Wang, C, Sadovova, N, Fu, X, et al. The role of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor in ketamine-induced apoptosis in rat forebrain culture. Neuroscience 132 (2005), 967–977 doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.01.053.
    • (2005) Neuroscience , vol.132 , pp. 967-977
    • Wang, C.1    Sadovova, N.2    Fu, X.3
  • 37
    • 33244492125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Melatonin reduces the severity of anesthesia-induced apoptotic neurodegeneration in the developing rat brain
    • Yon, JH, Carter, LB, Reiter, RJ, Jevtovic-Todorovic, V, Melatonin reduces the severity of anesthesia-induced apoptotic neurodegeneration in the developing rat brain. Neurobiol Dis 21 (2006), 522–530 doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2005.08.011.
    • (2006) Neurobiol Dis , vol.21 , pp. 522-530
    • Yon, J.H.1    Carter, L.B.2    Reiter, R.J.3    Jevtovic-Todorovic, V.4
  • 38
    • 25844506986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anesthesia induces neuronal cell death in the developing rat brain via the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways
    • Yon, JH, Daniel-Johnson, J, Carter, LB, Jevtovic-Todorovic, V, Anesthesia induces neuronal cell death in the developing rat brain via the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways. Neuroscience 135 (2005), 815–827 doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.03.064.
    • (2005) Neuroscience , vol.135 , pp. 815-827
    • Yon, J.H.1    Daniel-Johnson, J.2    Carter, L.B.3    Jevtovic-Todorovic, V.4
  • 39
    • 30544449399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential of ketamine and midazolam, individually or in combination, to induce apoptotic neurodegeneration in the infant mouse brain
    • Young, C, Jevtovic-Todorovic, V, Qin, YQ, et al. Potential of ketamine and midazolam, individually or in combination, to induce apoptotic neurodegeneration in the infant mouse brain. Br J Pharmacol 146 (2005), 189–197 doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0706301.
    • (2005) Br J Pharmacol , vol.146 , pp. 189-197
    • Young, C.1    Jevtovic-Todorovic, V.2    Qin, Y.Q.3
  • 40
    • 61349185860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential neurotoxicity of ketamine in the developing rat brain
    • Zou, X, Patterson, TA, Sadovova, N, et al. Potential neurotoxicity of ketamine in the developing rat brain. Toxicol Sci 108 (2009), 149–158 doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfn270.
    • (2009) Toxicol Sci , vol.108 , pp. 149-158
    • Zou, X.1    Patterson, T.A.2    Sadovova, N.3
  • 41
    • 65349116529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of hypercarbia and isoflurane on brain cell death and neurocognitive dysfunction in 7-day-old rats
    • Stratmann, G, May, LD, Sall, JW, et al. Effect of hypercarbia and isoflurane on brain cell death and neurocognitive dysfunction in 7-day-old rats. Anesthesiology 110 (2009), 849–861 doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e31819c7140.
    • (2009) Anesthesiology , vol.110 , pp. 849-861
    • Stratmann, G.1    May, L.D.2    Sall, J.W.3
  • 42
    • 77449083249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • General anesthesia causes long-lasting disturbances in the ultrastructural properties of developing synapses in young rats
    • Lunardi, N, Ori, C, Erisir, A, Jevtovic-Todorovic, V, General anesthesia causes long-lasting disturbances in the ultrastructural properties of developing synapses in young rats. Neurotox Res 17 (2010), 179–188 doi:10.1007/s12640-009-9088-z.
    • (2010) Neurotox Res , vol.17 , pp. 179-188
    • Lunardi, N.1    Ori, C.2    Erisir, A.3    Jevtovic-Todorovic, V.4
  • 43
    • 34548679831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • General anesthetic-induced neurotoxicity: an emerging problem for the young and old?
    • Culley, DJ, Xie, Z, Crosby, G, General anesthetic-induced neurotoxicity: an emerging problem for the young and old?. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 20 (2007), 408–413 doi:10.1097/ACO.0b013e3282efd18b.
    • (2007) Curr Opin Anaesthesiol , vol.20 , pp. 408-413
    • Culley, D.J.1    Xie, Z.2    Crosby, G.3
  • 44
    • 65349114124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isoflurane inhibits growth but does not cause cell death in hippocampal neural precursor cells grown in culture
    • Sall, JW, Stratmann, G, Leong, J, et al. Isoflurane inhibits growth but does not cause cell death in hippocampal neural precursor cells grown in culture. Anesthesiology 110 (2009), 826–833 doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e31819b62e2.
    • (2009) Anesthesiology , vol.110 , pp. 826-833
    • Sall, J.W.1    Stratmann, G.2    Leong, J.3
  • 45
    • 70449521370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurodegeneration in newborn rats following propofol and sevoflurane anesthesia
    • Bercker, S, Bert, B, Bittigau, P, et al. Neurodegeneration in newborn rats following propofol and sevoflurane anesthesia. Neurotox Res 16 (2009), 140–147 doi:10.1007/s12640-009-9063-8.
    • (2009) Neurotox Res , vol.16 , pp. 140-147
    • Bercker, S.1    Bert, B.2    Bittigau, P.3
  • 46
    • 13844277020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The anesthetics nitrous oxide and ketamine are more neurotoxic to old than to young rat brain
    • Jevtovic-Todorovic, V, Carter, LB, The anesthetics nitrous oxide and ketamine are more neurotoxic to old than to young rat brain. Neurobiol Aging 26 (2005), 947–956 doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2004.07.009.
    • (2005) Neurobiol Aging , vol.26 , pp. 947-956
    • Jevtovic-Todorovic, V.1    Carter, L.B.2
  • 47
    • 33645851652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blockade of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors by ketamine produces loss of postnatal day 3 monkey frontal cortical neurons in culture
    • Wang, C, Sadovova, N, Hotchkiss, C, et al. Blockade of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors by ketamine produces loss of postnatal day 3 monkey frontal cortical neurons in culture. Toxicol Sci 91 (2006), 192–201 doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfj144.
    • (2006) Toxicol Sci , vol.91 , pp. 192-201
    • Wang, C.1    Sadovova, N.2    Hotchkiss, C.3
  • 48
    • 33744817928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of ketamine on dendritic arbor development and survival of immature GABAergic neurons in vitro
    • Vutskits, L, Gascon, E, Tassonyi, E, Kiss, JZ, Effect of ketamine on dendritic arbor development and survival of immature GABAergic neurons in vitro. Toxicol Sci 91 (2006), 540–549 doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfj180.
    • (2006) Toxicol Sci , vol.91 , pp. 540-549
    • Vutskits, L.1    Gascon, E.2    Tassonyi, E.3    Kiss, J.Z.4
  • 49
    • 34347242840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of ketamine on the developing central nervous system
    • Vutskits, L, Gascon, E, Kiss, JZ, Effects of ketamine on the developing central nervous system. Ideggyogy Sz 60 (2007), 109–112.
    • (2007) Ideggyogy Sz , vol.60 , pp. 109-112
    • Vutskits, L.1    Gascon, E.2    Kiss, J.Z.3
  • 50
    • 34447576670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ketamine-induced neuronal cell death in the perinatal rhesus monkey
    • Slikker, W Jr, Zou, X, Hotchkiss, CE, et al. Ketamine-induced neuronal cell death in the perinatal rhesus monkey. Toxicol Sci 98 (2007), 145–158 doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfm084.
    • (2007) Toxicol Sci , vol.98 , pp. 145-158
    • Slikker, W.1    Zou, X.2    Hotchkiss, C.E.3
  • 51
    • 44649182151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strategies and experimental models for evaluating anesthetics: effects on the developing nervous system
    • Wang, C, Slikker, W Jr, Strategies and experimental models for evaluating anesthetics: effects on the developing nervous system. Anesth Analg 106 (2008), 1643–1658 doi:10.1213/ane.ob013e3181732c01.
    • (2008) Anesth Analg , vol.106 , pp. 1643-1658
    • Wang, C.1    Slikker, W.2
  • 52
    • 0036932564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Repeated administration of ketamine may lead to neuronal degeneration in the developing rat brain
    • Hayashi, H, Dikkes, P, Soriano, SG, Repeated administration of ketamine may lead to neuronal degeneration in the developing rat brain. Paediatr Anaesth 12 (2002), 770–774 doi:10.1046/j.1460-9592.2002.00883.x.
    • (2002) Paediatr Anaesth , vol.12 , pp. 770-774
    • Hayashi, H.1    Dikkes, P.2    Soriano, S.G.3
  • 53
    • 65349125308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of p75 neurotrophin receptor attenuates isoflurane-mediated neuronal apoptosis in the neonatal central nervous system
    • Head, BP, Patel, HH, Niesman, IR, Drummond, JC, Roth, DM, Patel, PM, Inhibition of p75 neurotrophin receptor attenuates isoflurane-mediated neuronal apoptosis in the neonatal central nervous system. Anesthesiology 110 (2009), 813–825 doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e31819b602b.
    • (2009) Anesthesiology , vol.110 , pp. 813-825
    • Head, B.P.1    Patel, H.H.2    Niesman, I.R.3    Drummond, J.C.4    Roth, D.M.5    Patel, P.M.6
  • 54
    • 77954360596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lead exposure during synaptogenesis alters vesicular proteins and impairs vesicular release: potential role of NMDA receptor-dependent BDNF signaling
    • Neal, AP, Stansfield, KH, Worley, PF, Thompson, RE, Guilarte, TR, Lead exposure during synaptogenesis alters vesicular proteins and impairs vesicular release: potential role of NMDA receptor-dependent BDNF signaling. Toxicol Sci 116 (2010), 249–263 doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfq111.
    • (2010) Toxicol Sci , vol.116 , pp. 249-263
    • Neal, A.P.1    Stansfield, K.H.2    Worley, P.F.3    Thompson, R.E.4    Guilarte, T.R.5
  • 55
    • 67249155367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anesthesia and cognitive performance in children: no evidence for a causal relationship
    • Bartels, M, Althoff, RR, Boomsma, DI, Anesthesia and cognitive performance in children: no evidence for a causal relationship. Twin Res Hum Genet 12 (2009), 246–253 doi:10.1375/twin.12.3.246.
    • (2009) Twin Res Hum Genet , vol.12 , pp. 246-253
    • Bartels, M.1    Althoff, R.R.2    Boomsma, D.I.3
  • 56
    • 70349742914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A retrospective cohort study of the association of anesthesia and hernia repair surgery with behavioral and developmental disorders in young children
    • DiMaggio, C, Sun, LS, Kakavouli, A, Byrne, MW, Li, G, A retrospective cohort study of the association of anesthesia and hernia repair surgery with behavioral and developmental disorders in young children. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 21 (2009), 286–291 doi:10.1097/ANA.0b013e3181a71f11.
    • (2009) J Neurosurg Anesthesiol , vol.21 , pp. 286-291
    • DiMaggio, C.1    Sun, L.S.2    Kakavouli, A.3    Byrne, M.W.4    Li, G.5
  • 57
    • 65349136383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavior and development in children and age at the time of first anesthetic exposure
    • Kalkman, CJ, Peelen, L, Moons, KG, et al. Behavior and development in children and age at the time of first anesthetic exposure. Anesthesiology 110 (2009), 805–812 doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e31819c7124.
    • (2009) Anesthesiology , vol.110 , pp. 805-812
    • Kalkman, C.J.1    Peelen, L.2    Moons, K.G.3
  • 58
    • 68249160838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anesthesia for cesarean delivery and learning disabilities in a population-based birth cohort
    • Sprung, J, Flick, RP, Wilder, RT, et al. Anesthesia for cesarean delivery and learning disabilities in a population-based birth cohort. Anesthesiology 111 (2009), 302–310 doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e3181adf481.
    • (2009) Anesthesiology , vol.111 , pp. 302-310
    • Sprung, J.1    Flick, R.P.2    Wilder, R.T.3
  • 59
    • 65349185029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early exposure to anesthesia and learning disabilities in a population-based birth cohort
    • Wilder, RT, Flick, RP, Sprung, J, et al. Early exposure to anesthesia and learning disabilities in a population-based birth cohort. Anesthesiology 110 (2009), 796–804 doi:10.1097/01.anes.0000344728.34332.5d.
    • (2009) Anesthesiology , vol.110 , pp. 796-804
    • Wilder, R.T.1    Flick, R.P.2    Sprung, J.3
  • 60
    • 0036912661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heritability of educational achievement in 12-year-olds and the overlap with cognitive ability
    • Bartels, M, Rietveld, MJ, Van Baal, GC, Boomsma, DI, Heritability of educational achievement in 12-year-olds and the overlap with cognitive ability. Twin Res 5 (2002), 544–553 doi:10.1375/136905202762342017.
    • (2002) Twin Res , vol.5 , pp. 544-553
    • Bartels, M.1    Rietveld, M.J.2    Van Baal, G.C.3    Boomsma, D.I.4
  • 61
    • 20444393147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methodological issues in research on developmental exposure to neurotoxic agents
    • Jacobson, JL, Jacobson, SW, Methodological issues in research on developmental exposure to neurotoxic agents. Neurotoxicol Teratol 27 (2005), 395–406 doi:10.1016/j.ntt.2005.01.009.
    • (2005) Neurotoxicol Teratol , vol.27 , pp. 395-406
    • Jacobson, J.L.1    Jacobson, S.W.2
  • 62
    • 0036348004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiologic approaches to neurodevelopmental disorders
    • Susser, E, Bresnahan, M, Epidemiologic approaches to neurodevelopmental disorders. Mol Psychiatry 7:Suppl. 2 (2002), S2–S3 doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4001161.
    • (2002) Mol Psychiatry , vol.7 , pp. S2-S3
    • Susser, E.1    Bresnahan, M.2
  • 63
    • 35148843315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Appraisal of neurobehavioral methods in environmental health research: the developing brain as a target for neurotoxic chemicals
    • Winneke, G, Appraisal of neurobehavioral methods in environmental health research: the developing brain as a target for neurotoxic chemicals. Int J Hyg Environ Health 210 (2007), 601–609 doi:10.1016/j.ijheh.2007.07.015.
    • (2007) Int J Hyg Environ Health , vol.210 , pp. 601-609
    • Winneke, G.1
  • 64
    • 33644613511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Poor predictive validity of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development for cognitive function of extremely low birth weight children at school age
    • Hack, M, Taylor, HG, Drotar, D, et al. Poor predictive validity of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development for cognitive function of extremely low birth weight children at school age. Pediatrics 116 (2005), 333–341 doi:10.1542/peds.2005-0173.
    • (2005) Pediatrics , vol.116 , pp. 333-341
    • Hack, M.1    Taylor, H.G.2    Drotar, D.3
  • 65
    • 13844292660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • One-stage correction of intermediate imperforate anus in males
    • Adeniran, JO, Abdur-Rahman, L, One-stage correction of intermediate imperforate anus in males. Pediatr Surg Int 21 (2005), 88–90 doi:10.1007/s00383-004-1211-x.
    • (2005) Pediatr Surg Int , vol.21 , pp. 88-90
    • Adeniran, J.O.1    Abdur-Rahman, L.2
  • 66
    • 0035703167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of age on neurocognitive measures of children ages 5 to 12: a cross-sectional study on 800 children from the United States
    • Korkman, M, Kemp, SL, Kirk, U, Effects of age on neurocognitive measures of children ages 5 to 12: a cross-sectional study on 800 children from the United States. Dev Neuropsychol 20 (2001), 331–354 doi:10.1207/S15326942DN2001_2.
    • (2001) Dev Neuropsychol , vol.20 , pp. 331-354
    • Korkman, M.1    Kemp, S.L.2    Kirk, U.3
  • 68
    • 0034306447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural and functional brain development and its relation to cognitive development
    • Casey, BJ, Giedd, JN, Thomas, KM, Structural and functional brain development and its relation to cognitive development. Biol Psychol 54 (2000), 241–257 doi:10.1016/S0301-0511(00)00058-2.
    • (2000) Biol Psychol , vol.54 , pp. 241-257
    • Casey, B.J.1    Giedd, J.N.2    Thomas, K.M.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.