Colorectal cancer is a paracrine deficiency syndrome amenable to oral hormone replacement therapy

Clinical and Translational Science

Volumn 1, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 163-167

  Peng, Li ^a   Lin, Jieru E ^a   Snook, Adam E ^a   Gibbons, Ahmara V ^a   Zuzga, David S ^a   Schulz, Stephanie ^a   Pitari, Giovanni M ^a   Waldman, Scott A ^a  

^a THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Colorectal cancer; Hormone replacement therapy; Paracrine deficiency syndrome

Indexed keywords

GUANYLATE CYCLASE; UROGUANYLIN;

ANTINEOPLASTIC ACTIVITY; CANCER PREVENTION; CARCINOGENESIS; CELL CYCLE ARREST; CELL PROLIFERATION; CELL SPECIFICITY; COLORECTAL CANCER; DOSE RESPONSE; DRUG TARGETING; FATTY ACID SYNTHESIS; GENE OVEREXPRESSION; GLYCOLYSIS; HORMONE SUBSTITUTION; HUMAN; NONHUMAN; PARACRINE SIGNALING; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN FUNCTION; REGULATORY MECHANISM; REVIEW; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION;

ADMINISTRATION, ORAL; ANIMALS; COLORECTAL NEOPLASMS; GUANYLATE CYCLASE; HOMEOSTASIS; HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY; HUMANS; MICE; PARACRINE COMMUNICATION; PRECANCEROUS CONDITIONS; RECEPTORS, PEPTIDE; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; SYNDROME; TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEINS;

BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); MUS;

EID: 77953459477     PISSN: 17528054     EISSN: 17528062     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-8062.2008.00040.x     Document Type: Review

References (54)

1. Stec-Michalska K, Wichan P, Wojtun S. Early diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Pol Merkur Lekarski. 2004; 17(Suppl 1): 59-62.
2. Vogelstein B, Fearon ER, Hamilton SR, Kern SE, Preisinger AC, Leppert M, Nakamura Y, White R, Smits AM, Bos JL. Genetic alterations during colorectal-tumor development. N Engl J Med. 1988; 319: 525-532.
3. Aaltonen LA, Peltomaki P, Leach FS, Sistonen P, Pylkkanen L, Mecklin JP, Jarvinen H, Powell SM, Jen J, Hamilton SR. Clues to the pathogenesis of familial colorectal cancer. Science. 1993; 260: 812-816.
4. Lynch HT, de la Chapelle A. Hereditary colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med. 2003; 348: 919-932.
5. Shailubhai K, Yu HH, Karunanandaa K, Wang JY, Eber SL, Wang Y, Joo NS, Kim HD, Miedema BW, Abbas SZ, Boddupalli SS, Currie MG, Forte LR. Uroguanylin treatment suppresses polyp formation in the Apc(Min/+) mouse and induces apoptosis in human colon adenocarcinoma cells via cyclic GMP. Cancer Res. 2000; 60: 5151-5157.
6. Pitari GM, Zingman LV, Hodgson DM, Alekseev AE, Kazerounian S, Bienengraeber M, Hajnoczky G, Terzic A, Waldman SA. Bacterial enterotoxins are associated with resistance to colon cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2003; 100: 2695-2699.
7. Li P, Schulz S, Bombonati A, Palazzo JP, Hyslop TM, Xu Y, Baran AA, Siracusa LD, Pitari GM, Waldman SA. Guanylyl cyclase C suppresses intestinal tumorigenesis by restricting proliferation and maintaining genomic integrity. Gastroenterology. 2007; 133: 599-607.
8. Notterman DA, Alon U, Sierk AJ, Levine AJ. Transcriptional gene expression profiles of colorectal adenoma, adenocarcinoma, and normal tissue examined by oligonucleotide arrays. Cancer Res. 2001; 61: 3124-3130.
9. Zhang L, Zhou W, Velculescu VE, Kern SE, Hruban RH, Hamilton SR, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW. Gene expression profiles in normal and cancer cells. Science. 1997; 276: 1268-1272.
10. Birkenkamp-Demtroder K, Christensen LL, Olesen SH, Frederiksen CM, Laiho P, Aaltonen LA, Laurberg S, Sorensen FB, Hagemann R, Ørntoft TF. Gene expression in colorectal cancer. Cancer Res. 2002; 62: 4352-4363.
11. Steinbrecher KA, Tuohy TM, Heppner Goss K, Scott MC, Witte DP, Groden J, Cohen MB. Expression of guanylin is downregulated in mouse and human intestinal adenomas. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000; 273: 225-230.
12. Schulz S, Green CK, Yuen PS, Garbers DL. Guanylyl cyclase is a heat-stable enterotoxin receptor. Cell. 1990, 63: 941-948.
13. Pitari GM, Baksh RI, Harris DM, Li P, Kazerounian S, Waldman SA. Interruption of homologous desensitization in cyclic guanosine 3′,5′-monophosphate signaling restores colon cancer cytostasis by bacterial enterotoxins. Cancer Res. 2005, 65: 11129-11135.
14. Pitari GM, Di Guglielmo MD, Park J, Schulz S, Waldman SA. Guanylyl cyclase C agonists regulate progression through the cell cycle of human colon carcinoma cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2001; 98: 7846-7851.
15. Potten CS, Loeffler M. Stem cells: Attributes, cycles, spirals, pitfalls and uncertainties. Lessons for and from the crypt. Development. 1990; 110: 1001-1020.
16. Lucas KA, Pitari GM, Kazerounian S, Ruiz-Stewart I, Park J, Schulz S, Chepenik KP, Waldman SA. Guanylyl cyclases and signaling by cyclic GMP. Pharmacol Rev. 2000; 52: 375-414.
17. Forte LR. Guanylin regulatory peptides: Structures, biological activities mediated by cyclic GMP and pathobiology. Regul Pept. 1999; 81: 25-39.
18. Steinbrecher KA, Wowk SA, Rudolph JA, Witte DP, Cohen MB. Targeted inactivation of the mouse guanylin gene results in altered dynamics of colonic epithelial proliferation. Am J Pathol. 2002; 161: 2169-2178.
19. Li P, Lin JE, Chervoneva I, Schulz S, Waldman SA, Pitari GM. Homeostatic control of the crypt-villus axis by the bacterial enterotoxin receptor guanylyl cyclase C restricts the proliferating compartment in intestine. Am J Pathol. 2007; 171: 1847-1858.
20. Montgomery RK, Mulberg AE, Grand RJ. Development of the human gastrointestinal tract: Twenty years of progress. Gastroenterology. 1999; 116: 702-731.
21. Pinto D, Clevers H. Wnt, stem cells and cancer in the intestine. Biol Cell. 2005; 97: 185-196.
22. Reya T, Clevers H. Wnt signalling in stem cells and cancer. Nature. 2005; 434: 843-850.
23. Fre S, Huyghe M, Mourikis P, Robine S, Louvard D, Artavanis-Tsakonas S. Notch signals control the fate of immature progenitor cells in the intestine. Nature. 2005; 435: 964-968.
24. Zecchini V, Domaschenz R, Winton D, Jones P. Notch signaling regulates the differentiation of post-mitotic intestinal epithelial cells. Genes Dev. 2005; 19: 1686-1691.
25. Walters JR. Recent findings in the cell and molecular biology of the small intestine. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2005; 21: 135-140.
26. Whitfield JF. Calcium signals and cancer. Crit Rev Oncog. 1992; 3: 55-90.
27. 2+- dependent localization of integrin-linked kinase to cell junctions in differentiating keratinocytes. J Biol Chem. 2003; 278: 11528-11535.
28. Duprey P, Chowdhury K, Dressler GR, Balling R, Simon D, Guenet JL, Gruss P. A mouse gene homologous to the Drosophila gene caudal is expressed in epithelial cells from the embryonic intestine. Genes Dev. 1988; 2: 1647-1654.
29. Subramanian V, Meyer B, Evans GS. The murine Cdx1 gene product localises to the proliferative compartment in the developing and regenerating intestinal epithelium. Differentiation. 1998; 64: 11-18.
30. 2+-compound mutant mice. Nat Genet. 2003; 35: 323-330.
31. Basora N, Vachon PH, Herring-Gillam FE, Perreault N, Beaulieu JF. Relation between integrin alpha7Bbeta1 expression in human intestinal cells and enterocytic differentiation. Gastroenterology. 1997; 113: 1510-1521.
32. Sancho E, Batlle E, Clevers H. Signaling pathways in intestinal development and cancer. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2004; 20: 695-723.
33. Koldovsky O, Dobiasova M, Hahn P, Kolinska J, Kraml J, Pacha J. Development of gastrointestinal functions. Physiol Res. 1995; 44: 341-348.
34. Bry L, Falk P, Huttner K, Ouellette A, Midtvedt T, Gordon JI. Paneth cell differentiation in the developing intestine of normal and transgenic mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1994; 91: 10335-10339.
35. Gassler N, Newrzella D, Bohm C, Lyer S, Li L, Sorgenfrei O, van Laer L, Sido B, Mollenhauer J, Poustka A, Schirmacher P, Gretz N. Molecular characterisation of non-absorptive and absorptive enterocytes in human small intestine. Gut. 2006; 55: 1084-1089.
36. Lin JE, Snook AE, Li P, Schulz S, Dasgupta A, Hyslop TM, Pitari GM, Park J, Kricka LJ, Waldman SA. Guanylyl cyclase C signaling regulates intestinal proliferative and metabolic homeostasis and enforces tumor regression through AKT signaling (Submitted for publication).
37. Shaw RJ, Cantley LC. Ras, PI(3)K and mTOR signalling controls tumour cell growth. Nature. 2006; 441: 424-430.
38. Thompson WJ, Piazza GA, Li H, Liu L, Fetter J, Zhu B, Sperl G, Ahnen D, Pamukcu R. Exisulind induction of apoptosis involves guanosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate phosphodiesterase inhibition, protein kinase G activation, and attenuated beta-catenin. Cancer Res. 2000; 60: 3338-3342.
39. Brittan M, Wright NA. Stem cell in gastrointestinal structure and neoplastic development. Gut. 2004; 53: 899-910.
40. Paulovich AG, Toczyski DP, Hartwell LH. When checkpoints fail. Cell. 1997; 88: 315-321.
41. Spruck CH, Won KA, Reed SI. Deregulated cyclin E induces chromosome instability. Nature. 1999; 401: 297-300.
42. Massague J. G1 cell-cycle control and cancer. Nature. 2004; 432: 298-306.
43. Kastan MB, Bartek J. Cell-cycle checkpoints and cancer. Nature. 2004; 432: 316-323.
44. Dimitrova N, de Lange T. MDC1 accelerates nonhomologous end-joining of dysfunctional telomeres. Genes Dev. 2006; 20: 3238-3243.
45. Luongo C, Gould KA, Su LK, Kinzler KW, Vogelstein B, Dietrich W, Lander ES, Moser AR. Mapping of multiple intestinal neoplasia (Min) to proximal chromosome 18 of the mouse. Genomics. 1993; 15: 3-8.
46. Luongo C, Moser AR, Gledhill S, Dove WF. Loss of Apc+ in intestinal adenomas from Min mice. Cancer Res. 1994; 54: 5947-5952.
47. Carrithers SL, Barber MT, Biswas S, Parkinson SJ, Park PK, Goldstein SD, Waldman SA. Guanylyl cyclase C is a selective marker for metastatic colorectal tumors in human extraintestinal tissues. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1996; 93: 14827-14832.
48. Carrithers SL, Parkinson SJ, Goldstein S, Park P, Robertson DC, Waldman SA. Escherichia coli heat-stable toxin receptors in human colonic tumors. Gastroenterology. 1994; 107: 1653-1661.
49. Schulz S, Hyslop T, Haaf J, Bonaccorso C, Nielsen K, Witek ME, Birbe R, Palazzo J, Weinberg D, Waldman SA. A validated quantitative assay to detect occult micrometastases by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction of guanylyl cyclase C in patients with colorectal cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2006; 12: 4545-4552.
50. Birbe R, Palazzo JP, Walters R, Weinberg D, Schulz S, Waldman SA. Guanylyl cyclase C is a marker of intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia, and adenocarcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract. Hum Pathol. 2005; 36: 170-179.
51. Giblin MF, Sieckman GL, Watkinson LD, Daibes-Figueroa S, Hoffman TJ, Forte LR, Volkert WA. Selective targeting of E. coli heat-stable enterotoxin analogs to human colon cancer cells. Anticancer Res. 2006; 26: 3243-3251.
52. Giblin MF, Sieckman GL, Shelton TD, Hoffman TJ, Forte LR, Volkert WA. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of 177Lu- and 90Y-labeled E. coli heat-stable enterotoxin for specific targeting of uroguanylin receptors on human colon cancers. Nucl Med Biol. 2006; 33: 481-488.
53. Wolfe HR, Mendizabal M, Lleong E, Cuthbertson A, Desai V, Pullan S, Fujii DK, Morrison M, Pither R, Waldman SA. In vivo imaging of human colon cancer xenografts in immunodeficient mice using a guanylyl cyclase C-specific ligand. J Nucl Med. 2002; 43: 392-399.
54. Jackson AL, Loeb LA. The contribution of endogenous sources of DNA damage to the multiple mutations in cancer. Mutat Res. 2001; 477: 7-21.