Liver fat and lipid oxidation in humans

Liver International

Volumn 29, Issue 9, 2009, Pages 1439-1446

  Kotronen, Anna ^a,b   Seppälä Lindroos, Anneli ^a   Vehkavaara, Satu ^a   Bergholm, Robert ^a,b   Frayn, Keith N ^c   Fielding, Barbara A ^c   Yki Järvinen, Hannele ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI   (Finland)

^b MINERVA FOUNDATION INSTITUTE FOR MEDICAL RESEARCH   (Finland)

^c UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

3 hydroxybutyrate; Carbohydrate oxidation; Insulin resistance; Lipid oxidation; Liver fat

Indexed keywords

3 HYDROXYBUTYRIC ACID; ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE; ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE; C PEPTIDE; FATTY ACID; GLUCOSE; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; INSULIN; TRIACYLGLYCEROL; TRITIUM;

ADULT; ARTICLE; BLOOD ANALYSIS; CALORIMETRY; CONCENTRATION (PARAMETERS); CONTROLLED STUDY; DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; DIET RESTRICTION; ENERGY EXPENDITURE; FEMALE; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; GLUCOSE METABOLISM; HUMAN; HYPERINSULINEMIA; IN VIVO STUDY; INSULIN RESISTANCE; INSULIN SENSITIVITY; INTRAABDOMINAL FAT; LIPID OXIDATION; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PROTON NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE; SUBCUTANEOUS FAT; SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; BLOOD; ENERGY METABOLISM; FATTY LIVER; LIPID METABOLISM; LIVER; METABOLISM; MIDDLE AGED; OXIDATION REDUCTION REACTION;

3-HYDROXYBUTYRIC ACID; ADULT; ENERGY METABOLISM; FATTY ACIDS, NONESTERIFIED; FATTY LIVER; FEMALE; HUMANS; INSULIN; LIPID METABOLISM; LIVER; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; OXIDATION-REDUCTION;

EID: 70449698539     PISSN: 14783223     EISSN: 14783231     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2009.02076.x     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Kotronen A, Yki-Jarvinen H. Fatty liver: a novel component of the metabolic syndrome. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2008; 28: 27-38.
2. Alberti KG, Zimmet P, Shaw JIDF Epidemiology Task Force Consensus Group. The metabolic syndrome - a new worldwide definition. Lancet 2005; 366: 1059-62.
3. Diraison F, Moulin P, Beylot M. Contribution of hepatic de novo lipogenesis and reesterification of plasma non esterified fatty acids to plasma triglyceride synthesis during non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Diabetes Metab 2003; 29: 478-85.
4. Donnelly KL, Smith CI, Schwarzenberg SJ, et al. Sources of fatty acids stored in liver and secreted via lipoproteins in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Clin Invest 2005; 115: 1343-51.
5. Fan CY, Pan J, Chu R, et al. Hepatocellular and hepatic peroxisomal alterations in mice with a disrupted peroxisomal fatty acyl-coenzyme A oxidase gene. J Biol Chem 1996; 271: 24698-710.
6. Fan CY, Pan J, Usuda N, et al. Steatohepatitis, spontaneous peroxisome proliferation and liver tumors in mice lacking peroxisomal fatty acyl-CoA oxidase. Implications for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha natural ligand metabolism. J Biol Chem 1998; 273: 15639-45.
7. Vianna CR, Huntgeburth M, Coppari R, et al. Hypomorphic mutation of PGC-1beta causes mitochondrial dysfunction and liver insulin resistance. Cell Metab 2006; 4: 453-64.
8. Hashimoto T, Fujita T, Usuda N, et al. Peroxisomal and mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation in mice nullizygous for both peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha and peroxisomal fatty acyl-CoA oxidase. Genotype correlation with fatty liver phenotype. J Biol Chem 1999; 274: 19228-36.
9. Reid BN, Ables GP, Otlivanchik OA, et al. Hepatic overexpression of hormone-sensitive lipase and adipose triglyceride lipase promotes fatty acid oxidation, stimulates direct release of free fatty acids, and ameliorates steatosis. J Biol Chem 2008; 283: 13087-99.
10. Savage DB, Choi CS, Samuel VT, et al. Reversal of dietinduced hepatic steatosis and hepatic insulin resistance by antisense oligonucleotide inhibitors of acetyl-CoA carboxylases 1 and 2. J Clin Invest 2006; 116: 817-24.
11. Perseghin G, Bonfanti R, Magni S, et al. Insulin resistance and whole body energy homeostasis in obese adolescents with fatty liver disease. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2006; 291: E697-703.
12. Bugianesi E, Gastaldelli A, Vanni E, et al. Insulin resistance in non-diabetic patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: sites and mechanisms. Diabetologia 2005; 48: 634-42.
13. Nosadini R, Avogaro A, Trevisan R, et al. Acetoacetate and 3-hydroxybutyrate kinetics in obese and insulin-dependent diabetic humans. Am J Physiol 1985; 248(Part 2): R611-20.
14. Weiss M, Keller U, StauffacherW. Effect of epinephrine and somatostatin-induced insulin deficiency on ketone body kinetics and lipolysis in man. Diabetes 1984; 33: 738-44.
15. Havel RJ, Kane JP, Balasse EO, Segel N, Basso L.V. Splanchnic metabolism of free fatty acids and production of triglycerides of very low density lipoproteins in normotriglyceridemic and hypertriglyceridemic humans. J Clin Invest 1970; 49: 2017-35.
16. Sanyal AJ, Campbell-Sargent C, Mirshahi F, et al. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: association of insulin resistance and mitochondrial abnormalities. Gastroenterology 2001; 120: 1183-92.
17. Szczepaniak LS, Nurenberg P, Leonard D, et al. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure hepatic triglyceride content: prevalence of hepatic steatosis in the general population. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2005; 288: E462-8.
18. Fischbach F, Bruhn H. Assessment of in vivo 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the liver: a review. Liver Int 2008; 28: 297-307.
19. Neuschwander-Tetri BA, Caldwell S.H. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: summary of an AASLD single topic conference. Hepatology 2003; 37: 1202-19.
20. Kotronen A, Vehkavaara S, Seppala-Lindroos A, Bergholm R, Yki-Jarvinen H. Effect of liver fat on insulin clearance. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2007; 293: E1709-15.
21. Drynan L, Quant PA, Zammit V.A. Flux control exerted by mitochondrial outer membrane carnitine palmitoyltransferase over beta-oxidation, ketogenesis and tricarboxylic acid cycle activity in hepatocytes isolated from rats in different metabolic states. Biochem J 1996; 317(Part 3): 791-5.
22. Fritz I.B. Factors influencing the rates of long-chain fatty acid oxidation and synthesis in mammalian systems. Physiol Rev 1961; 41: 52-129.
23. Ryysy L, Hakkinen AM, Goto T, et al. Hepatic fat content and insulin action on free fatty acids and glucose metabolism rather than insulin absorption are associated with insulin requirements during insulin therapy in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes 2000; 49: 749-58.
24. DeFronzo RA, Tobin JD, Andres R. Glucose clamp technique: a method for quantifying insulin secretion and resistance. Am J Physiol 1979; 237: E214-23.
25. Puhakainen I, Koivisto VA, Yki-Jarvinen H. No reduction in total hepatic glucose output by inhibition of gluconeogenesis with ethanol in NIDDM patients. Diabetes 1991; 40: 1319-27.
26. Steele R. Influences of glucose loading and of injected insulin on hepatic glucose output. Ann NY Acad Sci 1959; 82: 420-30.
27. Kotronen A, Juurinen L, Tiikkainen M, Vehkavaara S, Yki-Jarvinen H. Increased liver fat, impaired insulin clearance, and hepatic and adipose tissue insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes. Gastroenterology 2008; 135: 122-30.
28. Thomsen C, Becker U, Winkler K, et al. Quantification of liver fat using magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Magn Reson Imaging 1994; 12: 487-95.
29. Sutinen J, Hakkinen AM, Westerbacka J, et al. Increased fat accumulation in the liver in HIV-infected patients with antiretroviral therapy-associated lipodystrophy. AIDS 2002; 16: 2183-93.
30. Ferrannini E. The theoretical bases of indirect calorimetry: a review. Metabolism 1988; 37: 287-301.
31. Yki-Jarvinen H, Puhakainen I, Saloranta C, Groop L, Taskinen M.R. Demonstration of a novel feedback mechanism between FFA oxidation from intracellular and intravascular sources. Am J Physiol 1991; 260(Part 1): E680-9.
32. Kadish AH, Little RL, Sternberg J.C. A new and rapid method for the determination of glucose by measurement of rate of oxygen consumption. Clin Chem 1968; 14: 116-31.
33. Kuzuya H, Blix PM, Horwitz DL, Steiner DF, Rubenstein A.H. Determination of free and total insulin and C-peptide in insulin-treated diabetics. Diabetes 1977; 26: 22-9.
34. Miles J, Glasscock R, Aikens J, Gerich J, Haymond M. A microfluorometric method for the determination of free fatty acids in plasma. J Lipid Res 1983; 24: 96-9.
35. Lukaski HC, Johnson PE, Bolonchuk WW, Lykken G.I. Assessment of fat-free mass using bioelectrical impedance measurements of the human body. Am J Clin Nutr 1985; 41: 810-7.
36. Marti B, Tuomilehto J, Salomaa V, et al. Body fat distribution in the Finnish population: environmental determinants and predictive power for cardiovascular risk factor levels. J Epidemiol Commun Health 1991; 45: 131-7.
37. Barrows BR, Parks E.J. Contributions of different fatty acid sources to very low-density lipoprotein-triacylglycerol in the fasted and fed states. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006; 91: 1446-52.
38. Sidossis LS, Mittendorfer B, Chinkes D, Walser E, Wolfe R.R. Effect of hyperglycemia-hyperinsulinemia on whole body and regional fatty acid metabolism. Am J Physiol 1999; 276(Part 1): E427-34.
39. Diraison F, Beylot M. Role of human liver lipogenesis and reesterification in triglycerides secretion and in FFA reesterification. Am J Physiol 1998; 274(Part 1): E321-7.
40. Fabbrini E, Mohammed BS, Magkos F, et al. Alterations in adipose tissue and hepatic lipid kinetics in obese men and women with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Gastroenterology 2008; 134: 424-31.
41. Reddy JK, Hashimoto T. Peroxisomal beta-oxidation and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha: an adaptive metabolic system. Annu Rev Nutr 2001; 21: 193-230.
42. Wolfrum C, Asilmaz E, Luca E, Friedman JM, Stoffel M. Foxa2 regulates lipid metabolism and ketogenesis in the liver during fasting and in diabetes. Nature 2004; 432: 1027-32.
43. Vice E, Privette JD, Hickner RC, Barakat H.A. Ketone body metabolism in lean and obese women. Metabolism 2005; 54: 1542-5.
44. Tiikkainen M, Tamminen M, Hakkinen AM, et al. Liver-fat accumulation and insulin resistance in obese women with previous gestational diabetes. Obes Res 2002; 10: 859-67.
45. Marchesini G, Brizi M, Bianchi G, et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a feature of the metabolic syndrome. Diabetes 2001; 50: 1844-50.
46. Pietilainen KH, Rissanen A, Kaprio J, et al. Acquired obesity is associated with increased liver fat, intraabdominal fat, and insulin resistance in young adult monozygotic twins. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2005; 288: E768-74.
47. Lillioja S, Bogardus C, Mott DM, et al. Relationship between insulin-mediated glucose disposal and lipid metabolism in man. J Clin Invest 1985; 75: 1106-15.
48. Felber JP, Meyer HU, Curchod B, et al. Glucose storage and oxidation in different degrees of human obesity measured by continuous indirect calorimetry. Diabetologia 1981; 20: 39-44.
49. Felber JP, Magnenat G, Casthelaz M, et al. Carbohydrate and lipid oxidation in normal and diabetic subjects. Diabetes 1977; 26: 693-9.
50. Felley CP, Kleiber H, van Melle GD, et al. Resistance to insulin mediated glucose disposal in obese subjects: respective effect of lipid metabolism and glycemia. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1992; 16: 185-91.
51. Felber JP, Ferrannini E, Golay A, et al. Role of lipid oxidation in pathogenesis of insulin resistance of obesity and type II diabetes. Diabetes 1987; 36: 1341-50.