메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 38, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 549-563

Metabolic Syndrome in Pediatrics: Old Concepts Revised, New Concepts Discussed

Author keywords

Children; Insulin resistance; Metabolic syndrome; Obesity; Type 2 diabetes

Indexed keywords

ADIPONECTIN; C REACTIVE PROTEIN; CHOLESTEROL; FATTY ACID; GLUCOSE; GROWTH HORMONE; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; INSULIN; INTERLEUKIN 6; LIPID; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; SOMATOMEDIN C; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR FOXO; TRIACYLGLYCEROL; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA; VERY LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN;

EID: 69249183408     PISSN: 08898529     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecl.2009.06.002     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (28)

References (103)
  • 1
    • 0024160877 scopus 로고
    • Banting lecture 1988. Role of insulin resistance in human disease
    • Reaven G.M. Banting lecture 1988. Role of insulin resistance in human disease. Diabetes 37 (1988) 1595-1607
    • (1988) Diabetes , vol.37 , pp. 1595-1607
    • Reaven, G.M.1
  • 2
    • 0036092239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Banting lecture 2001: Dysregulation of fatty acid metabolism in the etiology of type 2 diabetes
    • McGarry J.D. Banting lecture 2001: Dysregulation of fatty acid metabolism in the etiology of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 51 (2002) 7-18
    • (2002) Diabetes , vol.51 , pp. 7-18
    • McGarry, J.D.1
  • 3
    • 34548726311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IDF Consensus Group. The metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents-an IDF consensus report
    • Zimmet P., Alberti K.G., Kaufman F., et al. IDF Consensus Group. The metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents-an IDF consensus report. Pediatr Diabetes 8 (2007) 299-306
    • (2007) Pediatr Diabetes , vol.8 , pp. 299-306
    • Zimmet, P.1    Alberti, K.G.2    Kaufman, F.3
  • 4
    • 0043240339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of a metabolic syndrome phenotype in adolescents: findings from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994
    • Cook S., Weitzman M., Auinger P., et al. Prevalence of a metabolic syndrome phenotype in adolescents: findings from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 157 (2003) 821-827
    • (2003) Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med , vol.157 , pp. 821-827
    • Cook, S.1    Weitzman, M.2    Auinger, P.3
  • 5
    • 2542548063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity and the metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents
    • Weiss R., Dziura J., Burgert T.S., et al. Obesity and the metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents. N Engl J Med 350 (2004) 2362-2374
    • (2004) N Engl J Med , vol.350 , pp. 2362-2374
    • Weiss, R.1    Dziura, J.2    Burgert, T.S.3
  • 6
    • 0842269788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The metabolic syndrome in overweight Hispanic youth and the role of insulin sensitivity
    • Cruz M.L., Weigensberg M.J., Huang T.T., et al. The metabolic syndrome in overweight Hispanic youth and the role of insulin sensitivity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89 (2004) 108-113
    • (2004) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.89 , pp. 108-113
    • Cruz, M.L.1    Weigensberg, M.J.2    Huang, T.T.3
  • 7
    • 15944390636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The metabolic syndrome and concentrations of C-reactive protein among U.S. youth
    • National Health and Nutrition Examination
    • Ford E.S., Ajani U.A., Mokdad A.H., and National Health and Nutrition Examination. The metabolic syndrome and concentrations of C-reactive protein among U.S. youth. Diabetes Care 28 (2005) 878-881
    • (2005) Diabetes Care , vol.28 , pp. 878-881
    • Ford, E.S.1    Ajani, U.A.2    Mokdad, A.H.3
  • 8
    • 6444225081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in American adolescents: findings from the third national health and nutrition examination survey
    • de Ferranti S.D., Gauvreau K., Ludwig D.S., et al. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in American adolescents: findings from the third national health and nutrition examination survey. Circulation 110 (2004) 2494-2497
    • (2004) Circulation , vol.110 , pp. 2494-2497
    • de Ferranti, S.D.1    Gauvreau, K.2    Ludwig, D.S.3
  • 9
    • 5144224797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contrasting prevalence of and demographic disparities in the World Health Organization and National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III definitions of metabolic syndrome among adolescents
    • Goodman E., Daniels S.R., Morrison J.A., et al. Contrasting prevalence of and demographic disparities in the World Health Organization and National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III definitions of metabolic syndrome among adolescents. J Pediatr 145 (2004) 445-451
    • (2004) J Pediatr , vol.145 , pp. 445-451
    • Goodman, E.1    Daniels, S.R.2    Morrison, J.A.3
  • 10
    • 0031439406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Summary measures of the insulin resistance syndrome are adverse among Mexican-American versus non-Hispanic white children: the Corpus Christi Child Heart Study
    • Batey L.S., Goff Jr. D.C., Tortolero S.R., et al. Summary measures of the insulin resistance syndrome are adverse among Mexican-American versus non-Hispanic white children: the Corpus Christi Child Heart Study. Circulation 96 (1997) 4319-4325
    • (1997) Circulation , vol.96 , pp. 4319-4325
    • Batey, L.S.1    Goff Jr., D.C.2    Tortolero, S.R.3
  • 11
    • 0031158813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin secretion and sensitivity in black versus white prepubertal healthy children
    • Arslanian S., Suprasongsin C., and Janosky J.E. Insulin secretion and sensitivity in black versus white prepubertal healthy children. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 82 (1997) 1923-1927
    • (1997) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.82 , pp. 1923-1927
    • Arslanian, S.1    Suprasongsin, C.2    Janosky, J.E.3
  • 12
    • 0026585910 scopus 로고
    • Black-white contrasts in insulin levels during pubertal development. The Bogalusa Heart Study
    • Svec F., Nastasi K., Hilton C., et al. Black-white contrasts in insulin levels during pubertal development. The Bogalusa Heart Study. Diabetes 41 (1992) 313-317
    • (1992) Diabetes , vol.41 , pp. 313-317
    • Svec, F.1    Nastasi, K.2    Hilton, C.3
  • 13
    • 0030391836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differences in the in vivo insulin secretion and sensitivity of healthy black versus white adolescents
    • Arslanian S., and Suprasongsin C. Differences in the in vivo insulin secretion and sensitivity of healthy black versus white adolescents. J Pediatr 129 (1996) 440-443
    • (1996) J Pediatr , vol.129 , pp. 440-443
    • Arslanian, S.1    Suprasongsin, C.2
  • 14
    • 56149087338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in risk variables of metabolic syndrome since childhood in pre-diabetic and type 2 diabetic subjects: the Bogalusa Heart Study
    • Nguyen Q.M., Srinivasan S.R., Xu J.H., et al. Changes in risk variables of metabolic syndrome since childhood in pre-diabetic and type 2 diabetic subjects: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Diabetes Care 31 (2008) 2044-2049
    • (2008) Diabetes Care , vol.31 , pp. 2044-2049
    • Nguyen, Q.M.1    Srinivasan, S.R.2    Xu, J.H.3
  • 15
    • 0004318660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Health Organization. Publication WHO/NUT/NCD/98.1.1998, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
    • World Health Organization. Obesity. Preventing and managing the global epidemic. Publication WHO/NUT/NCD/98.1.1998 (1998), World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
    • (1998) Obesity. Preventing and managing the global epidemic
  • 16
    • 0003525629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical guidelines on the identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults: the evidence report
    • National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute
    • National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. Clinical guidelines on the identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults: the evidence report. Obes Res 6 (1998) S51-S210
    • (1998) Obes Res , vol.6
  • 17
    • 0034611996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: international survey
    • Cole T.J., Bellizzi M.C., Flegal K.M., et al. Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: international survey. BMJ 320 (2000) 1240-1243
    • (2000) BMJ , vol.320 , pp. 1240-1243
    • Cole, T.J.1    Bellizzi, M.C.2    Flegal, K.M.3
  • 18
    • 0028144688 scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for overweight in adolescent preventive services: recommendations from an expert committee. The Expert Committee on Clinical Guidelines for Overweight in Adolescent Preventive Services
    • Himes J.H., and Dietz W.H. Guidelines for overweight in adolescent preventive services: recommendations from an expert committee. The Expert Committee on Clinical Guidelines for Overweight in Adolescent Preventive Services. Am J Clin Nutr 59 (1994) 307-316
    • (1994) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.59 , pp. 307-316
    • Himes, J.H.1    Dietz, W.H.2
  • 19
    • 70349555987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • + 2000 CDC Growth Charts for the United States: methods and development
    • Kuczmarski R.J., Ogden C.L., Guo S.S., et al. + 2000 CDC Growth Charts for the United States: methods and development. Vital Health Stat 11 246 (2002) 1-190
    • (2002) Vital Health Stat 11 , vol.246 , pp. 1-190
    • Kuczmarski, R.J.1    Ogden, C.L.2    Guo, S.S.3
  • 20
    • 5144228166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Waist circumference percentiles in nationally representative samples of African-American, European-American, and Mexican-American children and adolescents
    • Fernández J.R., Redden D.T., Pietrobelli A., et al. Waist circumference percentiles in nationally representative samples of African-American, European-American, and Mexican-American children and adolescents. J Pediatr 145 (2004) 439-444
    • (2004) J Pediatr , vol.145 , pp. 439-444
    • Fernández, J.R.1    Redden, D.T.2    Pietrobelli, A.3
  • 21
    • 27544451465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combined influence of body mass index and waist circumference on coronary artery disease risk factors among children and adolescents
    • Janssen I., Katzmarzyk P.T., Srinivasan S.R., et al. Combined influence of body mass index and waist circumference on coronary artery disease risk factors among children and adolescents. Pediatrics 115 (2005) 1623-1630
    • (2005) Pediatrics , vol.115 , pp. 1623-1630
    • Janssen, I.1    Katzmarzyk, P.T.2    Srinivasan, S.R.3
  • 22
    • 0028299585 scopus 로고
    • Waist circumference and abdominal sagittal diameter: best simple anthropometric indexes of abdominal visceral adipose tissue accumulation and related cardiovascular risk in men and women
    • Pouliot M.C., Després J.P., Lemieux S., et al. Waist circumference and abdominal sagittal diameter: best simple anthropometric indexes of abdominal visceral adipose tissue accumulation and related cardiovascular risk in men and women. Am J Cardiol 73 (1994) 460-468
    • (1994) Am J Cardiol , vol.73 , pp. 460-468
    • Pouliot, M.C.1    Després, J.P.2    Lemieux, S.3
  • 23
    • 4043137259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Waist circumference percentiles for Canadian youth 11-18 y of age
    • Katzmarzyk P.T. Waist circumference percentiles for Canadian youth 11-18 y of age. Eur J Clin Nutr 58 (2004) 1011-1015
    • (2004) Eur J Clin Nutr , vol.58 , pp. 1011-1015
    • Katzmarzyk, P.T.1
  • 24
    • 0029849899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Waist percentiles: a simple test for atherogenic disease?
    • Zannolli R., and Morgese G. Waist percentiles: a simple test for atherogenic disease?. Acta Paediatr 85 (1996) 1368-1369
    • (1996) Acta Paediatr , vol.85 , pp. 1368-1369
    • Zannolli, R.1    Morgese, G.2
  • 25
    • 0034811156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The development of waist circumference percentiles in British children aged 5.0-16.9 y
    • McCarthy H.D., Jarrett K.V., and Crawley H.F. The development of waist circumference percentiles in British children aged 5.0-16.9 y. Eur J Clin Nutr 55 (2001) 902-907
    • (2001) Eur J Clin Nutr , vol.55 , pp. 902-907
    • McCarthy, H.D.1    Jarrett, K.V.2    Crawley, H.F.3
  • 26
    • 0035013350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparative evaluation of waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio and body mass index as indicators of cardiovascular risk factors. The Canadian Heart Health Surveys
    • Dobbelsteyn C.J., Joffres M.R., MacLean D.R., et al. A comparative evaluation of waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio and body mass index as indicators of cardiovascular risk factors. The Canadian Heart Health Surveys. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 25 (2001) 652-661
    • (2001) Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord , vol.25 , pp. 652-661
    • Dobbelsteyn, C.J.1    Joffres, M.R.2    MacLean, D.R.3
  • 27
    • 0037078283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body mass index, waist circumference, and health risk: evidence in support of current National Institutes of Health guidelines
    • Janssen I., Katzmarzyk P.T., and Ross R. Body mass index, waist circumference, and health risk: evidence in support of current National Institutes of Health guidelines. Arch Intern Med 162 (2002) 2074-2079
    • (2002) Arch Intern Med , vol.162 , pp. 2074-2079
    • Janssen, I.1    Katzmarzyk, P.T.2    Ross, R.3
  • 28
    • 0036199541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body mass index and waist circumference independently contribute to the prediction of nonabdominal, abdominal subcutaneous, and visceral fat
    • Janssen I., Heymsfield S.B., Allison D.B., et al. Body mass index and waist circumference independently contribute to the prediction of nonabdominal, abdominal subcutaneous, and visceral fat. Am J Clin Nutr 75 (2002) 683-688
    • (2002) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.75 , pp. 683-688
    • Janssen, I.1    Heymsfield, S.B.2    Allison, D.B.3
  • 29
    • 0026021969 scopus 로고
    • Central adipose distribution is related to coronary atherosclerosis
    • Thompson C.J., Ryu J.E., Craven T.E., et al. Central adipose distribution is related to coronary atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb 11 (1991) 327-333
    • (1991) Arterioscler Thromb , vol.11 , pp. 327-333
    • Thompson, C.J.1    Ryu, J.E.2    Craven, T.E.3
  • 30
    • 0034906654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Waist circumference vs body mass index for prediction of disease risk in postmenopausal women
    • Van Pelt R.E., Evans E.M., Schechtman K.B., et al. Waist circumference vs body mass index for prediction of disease risk in postmenopausal women. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 25 (2001) 1183-1188
    • (2001) Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord , vol.25 , pp. 1183-1188
    • Van Pelt, R.E.1    Evans, E.M.2    Schechtman, K.B.3
  • 31
    • 0035290519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Waist circumference and cardiovascular risk factors in prepubertal children
    • Maffeis C., Pietrobelli A., Grezzani A., et al. Waist circumference and cardiovascular risk factors in prepubertal children. Obes Res 9 (2001) 179-187
    • (2001) Obes Res , vol.9 , pp. 179-187
    • Maffeis, C.1    Pietrobelli, A.2    Grezzani, A.3
  • 32
    • 0032951718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation of circumferences and skinfold thicknesses to lipid and insulin concentrations in children and adolescents: the Bogalusa Heart Study
    • Freedman D.S., Serdula M.K., Srinivasan S.R., et al. Relation of circumferences and skinfold thicknesses to lipid and insulin concentrations in children and adolescents: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Am J Clin Nutr 69 (1999) 308-317
    • (1999) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.69 , pp. 308-317
    • Freedman, D.S.1    Serdula, M.K.2    Srinivasan, S.R.3
  • 33
    • 0033767814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio are better predictors of cardiovascular disease risk factors in children than body mass index
    • Savva S.C., Tornaritis M., Savva M.E., et al. Waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio are better predictors of cardiovascular disease risk factors in children than body mass index. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 24 (2000) 1453-1458
    • (2000) Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord , vol.24 , pp. 1453-1458
    • Savva, S.C.1    Tornaritis, M.2    Savva, M.E.3
  • 34
    • 0030680265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and blood pressure: role of age and obesity. European Group for the Study of Insulin Resistance (EGIR)
    • Ferrannini E., Natali A., Capaldo B., et al. Insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and blood pressure: role of age and obesity. European Group for the Study of Insulin Resistance (EGIR). Hypertension 30 (1997) 1144-1149
    • (1997) Hypertension , vol.30 , pp. 1144-1149
    • Ferrannini, E.1    Natali, A.2    Capaldo, B.3
  • 35
    • 0032759437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Visceral adiposity and incident coronary heart disease in Japanese-American men. The 10-year follow-up results of the Seattle Japanese-American Community Diabetes Study
    • Fujimoto W.Y., Bergstrom R.W., Boyko E.J., et al. Visceral adiposity and incident coronary heart disease in Japanese-American men. The 10-year follow-up results of the Seattle Japanese-American Community Diabetes Study. Diabetes Care 22 (1999) 1808-1812
    • (1999) Diabetes Care , vol.22 , pp. 1808-1812
    • Fujimoto, W.Y.1    Bergstrom, R.W.2    Boyko, E.J.3
  • 36
    • 0029061434 scopus 로고
    • Glucose metabolism in abdominally obese hypertensive and normotensive subjects
    • O'Shaughnessy I.M., Myers T.J., Stepniakowski K., et al. Glucose metabolism in abdominally obese hypertensive and normotensive subjects. Hypertension 26 (1995) 186-192
    • (1995) Hypertension , vol.26 , pp. 186-192
    • O'Shaughnessy, I.M.1    Myers, T.J.2    Stepniakowski, K.3
  • 37
    • 0025299388 scopus 로고
    • Portal adipose tissue as a generator of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes
    • Björntorp P. Portal adipose tissue as a generator of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Arteriosclerosis 10 (1990) 493-496
    • (1990) Arteriosclerosis , vol.10 , pp. 493-496
    • Björntorp, P.1
  • 38
    • 0013923479 scopus 로고
    • Mechanism for the stimulation of gluconeogenesis by fatty acids in perfused rat liver
    • Williamson J.R., Kreisberg R.A., and Felts P.W. Mechanism for the stimulation of gluconeogenesis by fatty acids in perfused rat liver. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 56 (1966) 247-254
    • (1966) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.56 , pp. 247-254
    • Williamson, J.R.1    Kreisberg, R.A.2    Felts, P.W.3
  • 39
    • 0035905758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The hormone resistin links obesity to diabetes
    • Steppan C.M., Bailey S.T., Bhat S., et al. The hormone resistin links obesity to diabetes. Nature 409 (2001) 307-312
    • (2001) Nature , vol.409 , pp. 307-312
    • Steppan, C.M.1    Bailey, S.T.2    Bhat, S.3
  • 40
    • 0030061922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IRS-1-mediated inhibition of insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity in TNF-alpha- and obesity-induced insulin resistance
    • Hotamisligil G.S., Peraldi P., Budavari A., et al. IRS-1-mediated inhibition of insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity in TNF-alpha- and obesity-induced insulin resistance. Science 271 (1996) 665-668
    • (1996) Science , vol.271 , pp. 665-668
    • Hotamisligil, G.S.1    Peraldi, P.2    Budavari, A.3
  • 41
    • 0032938719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surgical removal of visceral fat reverses hepatic insulin resistance
    • Barzilai N., She L., Liu B.Q., et al. Surgical removal of visceral fat reverses hepatic insulin resistance. Diabetes 48 (1999) 94-98
    • (1999) Diabetes , vol.48 , pp. 94-98
    • Barzilai, N.1    She, L.2    Liu, B.Q.3
  • 42
    • 0033203137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surgical removal of visceral fat decreases plasma free fatty acid and increases insulin sensitivity on liver and peripheral tissue in monosodium glutamate (MSG)-obese rats
    • Kim Y.W., Kim J.Y., and Lee S.K. Surgical removal of visceral fat decreases plasma free fatty acid and increases insulin sensitivity on liver and peripheral tissue in monosodium glutamate (MSG)-obese rats. J Korean Med Sci 14 (1999) 539-545
    • (1999) J Korean Med Sci , vol.14 , pp. 539-545
    • Kim, Y.W.1    Kim, J.Y.2    Lee, S.K.3
  • 43
    • 0036787345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Removal of visceral fat prevents insulin resistance and glucose intolerance of aging: an adipokine-mediated process?
    • Gabriely I., Ma X.H., Yang X.M., et al. Removal of visceral fat prevents insulin resistance and glucose intolerance of aging: an adipokine-mediated process?. Diabetes 51 (2002) 2951-2958
    • (2002) Diabetes , vol.51 , pp. 2951-2958
    • Gabriely, I.1    Ma, X.H.2    Yang, X.M.3
  • 44
    • 0035897696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Executive Summary of The Third Report of The National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, And Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III)
    • Executive Summary of The Third Report of The National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, And Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). JAMA 285 (2001) 2486-2497
    • (2001) JAMA , vol.285 , pp. 2486-2497
  • 46
    • 15344343714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An evaluation of the metabolic syndrome in the HyperGEN study
    • Kraja A.T., Hunt S.C., Pankow J.S., et al. An evaluation of the metabolic syndrome in the HyperGEN study. Nutr Metab 18 (2005) 2
    • (2005) Nutr Metab , vol.18 , pp. 2
    • Kraja, A.T.1    Hunt, S.C.2    Pankow, J.S.3
  • 47
    • 69649097826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity dynamics and cardio-vascular risk factor stability in obese adolescents
    • in press
    • Weiss R, Shaw M, Savoy M, et al. Obesity dynamics and cardio-vascular risk factor stability in obese adolescents. Pediatr Diabetes, in press.
    • Pediatr Diabetes
    • Weiss, R.1    Shaw, M.2    Savoy, M.3    et al4
  • 48
    • 61349168366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American Heart Association Atherosclerosis, Hypertension, and Obesity in the young committee of the council on cardiovascular disease in the young; council on cardiovascular nursing; and council on nutrition, physical activity, and metabolism. Progress and challenges in metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents
    • Steinberger J., Daniels S.R., Eckel R.H., et al. American Heart Association Atherosclerosis, Hypertension, and Obesity in the young committee of the council on cardiovascular disease in the young; council on cardiovascular nursing; and council on nutrition, physical activity, and metabolism. Progress and challenges in metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Atherosclerosis, Hypertension, and Obesity in the young committee of the council on cardiovascular disease in the young; council on cardiovascular nursing; and council on nutrition, physical activity, and metabolism. Circulation 119 (2009) 628-647
    • (2009) Circulation , vol.119 , pp. 628-647
    • Steinberger, J.1    Daniels, S.R.2    Eckel, R.H.3
  • 49
    • 0029947191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin and blood pressure among healthy children. Cardiovascular risk in young Finns
    • Taittonen L., Uhari M., Nuutinen M., et al. Insulin and blood pressure among healthy children. Cardiovascular risk in young Finns. Am J Hypertens 9 (1996) 194-199
    • (1996) Am J Hypertens , vol.9 , pp. 194-199
    • Taittonen, L.1    Uhari, M.2    Nuutinen, M.3
  • 50
    • 0030027671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Persistent elevation of plasma insulin levels is associated with increased cardiovascular risk in children and young adults: the Bogalusa Heart Study
    • Bao W., Scrinivansan S.R., and Berenson G.S. Persistent elevation of plasma insulin levels is associated with increased cardiovascular risk in children and young adults: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Circulation 93 (1996) 54-59
    • (1996) Circulation , vol.93 , pp. 54-59
    • Bao, W.1    Scrinivansan, S.R.2    Berenson, G.S.3
  • 51
    • 0026569449 scopus 로고
    • Hyperinsulinemia: possible role in obesity-induced hypertension
    • Landsberg L. Hyperinsulinemia: possible role in obesity-induced hypertension. Hypertension 19 (1992) I61-I66
    • (1992) Hypertension , vol.19
    • Landsberg, L.1
  • 52
    • 0016659653 scopus 로고
    • The effect of insulin on renal handling of sodium, potassium, calcium, and phosphate in man
    • DeFronzo R.A., Cooke C.R., Andres R., et al. The effect of insulin on renal handling of sodium, potassium, calcium, and phosphate in man. J Clin Invest 55 (1975) 845-855
    • (1975) J Clin Invest , vol.55 , pp. 845-855
    • DeFronzo, R.A.1    Cooke, C.R.2    Andres, R.3
  • 53
    • 0016605726 scopus 로고
    • Effect of insulin on the proliferation of cultured primate arterial smooth muscle cells
    • Stout R.W., Bierman E.L., and Ross R. Effect of insulin on the proliferation of cultured primate arterial smooth muscle cells. Circ Res 36 (1975) 319-327
    • (1975) Circ Res , vol.36 , pp. 319-327
    • Stout, R.W.1    Bierman, E.L.2    Ross, R.3
  • 54
    • 0028897395 scopus 로고
    • In vivo effects of hyperinsulinemia on lipogenic enzymes and glucose transporter expression in rat liver and adipose tissues
    • Assimacopoulos-Jeannet F., Brichard S., Rencurel F., et al. In vivo effects of hyperinsulinemia on lipogenic enzymes and glucose transporter expression in rat liver and adipose tissues. Metabolism 44 (1995) 228-233
    • (1995) Metabolism , vol.44 , pp. 228-233
    • Assimacopoulos-Jeannet, F.1    Brichard, S.2    Rencurel, F.3
  • 55
    • 54049094000 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FoxO1 integrates insulin signaling to VLDL production
    • Kamagate A., and Dong H.H. FoxO1 integrates insulin signaling to VLDL production. Cell Cycle 7 (2008) 3162-3170
    • (2008) Cell Cycle , vol.7 , pp. 3162-3170
    • Kamagate, A.1    Dong, H.H.2
  • 56
    • 0024364978 scopus 로고
    • Increased insulin secretion in puberty: a compensatory response to reductions in insulin sensitivity
    • Caprio S., Plewe G., Diamond M.P., et al. Increased insulin secretion in puberty: a compensatory response to reductions in insulin sensitivity. J Pediatr 114 (1989) 963-967
    • (1989) J Pediatr , vol.114 , pp. 963-967
    • Caprio, S.1    Plewe, G.2    Diamond, M.P.3
  • 57
    • 21544439038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation of C-reactive protein to insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk factors in youth
    • Moran A., Steffen L.M., Jacobs Jr. D.R., et al. Relation of C-reactive protein to insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk factors in youth. Diabetes Care 28 (2005) 1763-1768
    • (2005) Diabetes Care , vol.28 , pp. 1763-1768
    • Moran, A.1    Steffen, L.M.2    Jacobs Jr., D.R.3
  • 58
    • 4644303320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C-reactive protein and features of the metabolic syndrome in a population-based sample of children and adolescents
    • Lambert M., Delvin E.E., Paradis G., et al. C-reactive protein and features of the metabolic syndrome in a population-based sample of children and adolescents. Clin Chem 50 (2004) 1762-1768
    • (2004) Clin Chem , vol.50 , pp. 1762-1768
    • Lambert, M.1    Delvin, E.E.2    Paradis, G.3
  • 59
    • 0042062351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevation of serum C-reactive protein levels is associated with obesity in boys
    • Hiura M., Kikuchi T., Nagasaki K., et al. Elevation of serum C-reactive protein levels is associated with obesity in boys. Hypertens Res 26 (2003) 541-546
    • (2003) Hypertens Res , vol.26 , pp. 541-546
    • Hiura, M.1    Kikuchi, T.2    Nagasaki, K.3
  • 60
    • 34248360851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New predictors of the metabolic syndrome in children-role of adipocytokines
    • Körner A., Kratzsch J., Gausche R., et al. New predictors of the metabolic syndrome in children-role of adipocytokines. Pediatr Res 61 (2007) 640-645
    • (2007) Pediatr Res , vol.61 , pp. 640-645
    • Körner, A.1    Kratzsch, J.2    Gausche, R.3
  • 61
    • 0037217136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adipocytokines, body composition, and fitness in children
    • Nemet D., Wang P., Funahashi T., et al. Adipocytokines, body composition, and fitness in children. Pediatr Res 53 (2003) 148-152
    • (2003) Pediatr Res , vol.53 , pp. 148-152
    • Nemet, D.1    Wang, P.2    Funahashi, T.3
  • 62
    • 9444279305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender differences in TNF-alpha levels among obese vs nonobese Latino children
    • Dixon D., Goldberg R., Schneiderman N., et al. Gender differences in TNF-alpha levels among obese vs nonobese Latino children. Eur J Clin Nutr 58 (2004) 696-699
    • (2004) Eur J Clin Nutr , vol.58 , pp. 696-699
    • Dixon, D.1    Goldberg, R.2    Schneiderman, N.3
  • 63
    • 0041374029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin resistance in adipose tissue: direct and indirect effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha
    • Ruan H., and Lodish H.F. Insulin resistance in adipose tissue: direct and indirect effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 14 (2003) 447-455
    • (2003) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev , vol.14 , pp. 447-455
    • Ruan, H.1    Lodish, H.F.2
  • 64
    • 36148941364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fat cell size, insulin sensitivity, and inflammation in obese children
    • Maffeis C., Silvagni D., Bonadonna R., et al. Fat cell size, insulin sensitivity, and inflammation in obese children. J Pediatr 151 (2007) 647-652
    • (2007) J Pediatr , vol.151 , pp. 647-652
    • Maffeis, C.1    Silvagni, D.2    Bonadonna, R.3
  • 65
    • 20444440341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adiponectin: an adipokine linking adipocytes and type 2 diabetes in humans
    • Hara K., Yamauchi T., and Kadowaki T. Adiponectin: an adipokine linking adipocytes and type 2 diabetes in humans. Curr Diab Rep 5 (2005) 136-140
    • (2005) Curr Diab Rep , vol.5 , pp. 136-140
    • Hara, K.1    Yamauchi, T.2    Kadowaki, T.3
  • 66
    • 18844432308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adiponectin and adiponectin receptors
    • Kadowaki T., and Yamauchi T. Adiponectin and adiponectin receptors. Endocr Rev 26 (2005) 439-451
    • (2005) Endocr Rev , vol.26 , pp. 439-451
    • Kadowaki, T.1    Yamauchi, T.2
  • 67
    • 4043099245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender differences of adiponectin levels develop during the progression of puberty and are related to serum androgen levels
    • Böttner A., Kratzsch J., Müller G., et al. Gender differences of adiponectin levels develop during the progression of puberty and are related to serum androgen levels. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89 (2004) 4053-4061
    • (2004) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.89 , pp. 4053-4061
    • Böttner, A.1    Kratzsch, J.2    Müller, G.3
  • 68
    • 4043134373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adiponectin before and after weight loss in obese children
    • Reinehr T., Roth C., Menke T., et al. Adiponectin before and after weight loss in obese children. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 89 (2004) 3790-3794
    • (2004) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.89 , pp. 3790-3794
    • Reinehr, T.1    Roth, C.2    Menke, T.3
  • 69
    • 40349084011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus
    • American Diabetes Association
    • American Diabetes Association. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 31 (2008) S55-S60
    • (2008) Diabetes Care , vol.31
  • 70
    • 33746617223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Different mechanisms for impaired fasting glucose and impaired postprandial glucose tolerance in humans
    • Meyer C., Pimenta W., Woerle H.J., et al. Different mechanisms for impaired fasting glucose and impaired postprandial glucose tolerance in humans. Diabetes Care 29 (2006) 1909-1914
    • (2006) Diabetes Care , vol.29 , pp. 1909-1914
    • Meyer, C.1    Pimenta, W.2    Woerle, H.J.3
  • 71
    • 34347255769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence of diabetes in youth in the United States
    • The Writing Group for the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study Group
    • The Writing Group for the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study Group. Incidence of diabetes in youth in the United States. JAMA 297 (2007) 2716-2724
    • (2007) JAMA , vol.297 , pp. 2716-2724
  • 72
    • 0037076025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance among children and adolescents with marked obesity
    • Sinha R., Fisch G., Teague B., et al. Prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance among children and adolescents with marked obesity. N Engl J Med 346 (2002) 802-810
    • (2002) N Engl J Med , vol.346 , pp. 802-810
    • Sinha, R.1    Fisch, G.2    Teague, B.3
  • 73
    • 0037173467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired glucose tolerance in obese children and adolescents
    • Invitti C., Gilardini L., and Viberti G. Impaired glucose tolerance in obese children and adolescents. N Engl J Med 347 (2002) 290-292
    • (2002) N Engl J Med , vol.347 , pp. 290-292
    • Invitti, C.1    Gilardini, L.2    Viberti, G.3
  • 74
    • 33746620051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fasting glucose is not useful in identifying obese white children with impaired glucose tolerance
    • Gilardini L., Girola A., Morabito F., et al. Fasting glucose is not useful in identifying obese white children with impaired glucose tolerance. J Pediatr 149 (2006) 282
    • (2006) J Pediatr , vol.149 , pp. 282
    • Gilardini, L.1    Girola, A.2    Morabito, F.3
  • 75
    • 55649105963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical risk factors, DNA variants, and the development of type 2 diabetes
    • Lyssenko V., Jonsson A., Almgren P., et al. Clinical risk factors, DNA variants, and the development of type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 359 (2008) 2220-2232
    • (2008) N Engl J Med , vol.359 , pp. 2220-2232
    • Lyssenko, V.1    Jonsson, A.2    Almgren, P.3
  • 77
    • 64749109223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary defects in beta-cell function further exacerbated by worsening of insulin resistance mark the development of impaired glucose tolerance in obese adolescents
    • Cali A.M., Dalla Man C., Cobelli C., et al. Primary defects in beta-cell function further exacerbated by worsening of insulin resistance mark the development of impaired glucose tolerance in obese adolescents. Diabetes Care 32 (2009) 456-461
    • (2009) Diabetes Care , vol.32 , pp. 456-461
    • Cali, A.M.1    Dalla Man, C.2    Cobelli, C.3
  • 78
    • 2342557133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progressive beta cell failure in type 2 diabetes mellitus of youth
    • Gungor N., and Arslanian S. Progressive beta cell failure in type 2 diabetes mellitus of youth. J Pediatr 44 (2004) 656-659
    • (2004) J Pediatr , vol.44 , pp. 656-659
    • Gungor, N.1    Arslanian, S.2
  • 79
    • 64549103048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular risk factors among youth with and without type 2 diabetes: differences and possible mechanisms
    • West N.A., Hamman R.F., Mayer-Davis E.J., et al. Cardiovascular risk factors among youth with and without type 2 diabetes: differences and possible mechanisms. Diabetes Care 32 (2009) 175-180
    • (2009) Diabetes Care , vol.32 , pp. 175-180
    • West, N.A.1    Hamman, R.F.2    Mayer-Davis, E.J.3
  • 80
    • 33751519769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alanine aminotransferase levels fatty liver in childhood obesity: Associations with insulin resistance, adiponectin, and visceral fat
    • Burgert T.S., Taksali S.E., Dziura J., et al. Alanine aminotransferase levels fatty liver in childhood obesity: Associations with insulin resistance, adiponectin, and visceral fat. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 91 (2006) 2487-2494
    • (2006) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.91 , pp. 2487-2494
    • Burgert, T.S.1    Taksali, S.E.2    Dziura, J.3
  • 81
    • 39449100352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic syndrome and liver histology in paediatric non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
    • Manco M., Marcellini M., Devito R., et al. Metabolic syndrome and liver histology in paediatric non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Int J Obes (Lond) 32 (2008) 381-387
    • (2008) Int J Obes (Lond) , vol.32 , pp. 381-387
    • Manco, M.1    Marcellini, M.2    Devito, R.3
  • 82
    • 0037129380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
    • Angulo P. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. N Engl J Med 346 (2002) 1221-1231
    • (2002) N Engl J Med , vol.346 , pp. 1221-1231
    • Angulo, P.1
  • 83
    • 59249093414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of race, ethnicity, and culture on childhood obesity: implications for prevention and treatment: a consensus statement of Shaping America's Health and the Obesity Society
    • Caprio S., Daniels S.R., Drewnowski A., et al. Influence of race, ethnicity, and culture on childhood obesity: implications for prevention and treatment: a consensus statement of Shaping America's Health and the Obesity Society. Diabetes Care 31 (2008) 2211-2221
    • (2008) Diabetes Care , vol.31 , pp. 2211-2221
    • Caprio, S.1    Daniels, S.R.2    Drewnowski, A.3
  • 84
    • 0028810805 scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of fatty liver in Japanese children and relationship to obesity. An epidemiological ultrasonographic survey
    • Tominaga K., Kurata J.H., Chen Y.K., et al. Prevalence of fatty liver in Japanese children and relationship to obesity. An epidemiological ultrasonographic survey. Dig Dis Sci 40 (1995) 2002-2009
    • (1995) Dig Dis Sci , vol.40 , pp. 2002-2009
    • Tominaga, K.1    Kurata, J.H.2    Chen, Y.K.3
  • 85
    • 0030872385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liver involvement in obese children. Ultrasonography and liver enzymes levels at diagnosis and during follow-up in an Italian population
    • Franzese A., Vajro P., Argenziano A., et al. Liver involvement in obese children. Ultrasonography and liver enzymes levels at diagnosis and during follow-up in an Italian population. Dig Dis Sci 42 (1997) 1428-1432
    • (1997) Dig Dis Sci , vol.42 , pp. 1428-1432
    • Franzese, A.1    Vajro, P.2    Argenziano, A.3
  • 86
    • 33750002388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of fatty liver in children and adolescents
    • Schwimmer J.B., Deutsch R., Kahen T., et al. Prevalence of fatty liver in children and adolescents. Pediatrics 118 (2006) 1388-1393
    • (2006) Pediatrics , vol.118 , pp. 1388-1393
    • Schwimmer, J.B.1    Deutsch, R.2    Kahen, T.3
  • 87
    • 0034089687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of abnormal serum amino transferase values in overweight and obese adolescents
    • Strauss R.S., Barlow S.E., and Dietz W.H. Prevalence of abnormal serum amino transferase values in overweight and obese adolescents. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 136 (2000) 727-733
    • (2000) J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr , vol.136 , pp. 727-733
    • Strauss, R.S.1    Barlow, S.E.2    Dietz, W.H.3
  • 88
    • 33750606061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term follow-up of patients with NAFLD and elevated liver enzymes
    • Ekstedt M., Franzén L.E., Mathiesen U.L., et al. Long-term follow-up of patients with NAFLD and elevated liver enzymes. Hepatology 44 (2006) 865-873
    • (2006) Hepatology , vol.44 , pp. 865-873
    • Ekstedt, M.1    Franzén, L.E.2    Mathiesen, U.L.3
  • 89
    • 0036735880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obese children with steatohepatitis can develop cirrhosis in childhood
    • Molleston J.P., White F., Teckman J., et al. Obese children with steatohepatitis can develop cirrhosis in childhood. Am J Gastroenterol 97 (2002) 2460-2462
    • (2002) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.97 , pp. 2460-2462
    • Molleston, J.P.1    White, F.2    Teckman, J.3
  • 90
    • 0021213164 scopus 로고
    • Fatty liver and its fibrous changes found in simple obesity of children
    • Kinugasa A., Tsunamoto K., Furukawa N., et al. Fatty liver and its fibrous changes found in simple obesity of children. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 3 (1984) 408-414
    • (1984) J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr , vol.3 , pp. 408-414
    • Kinugasa, A.1    Tsunamoto, K.2    Furukawa, N.3
  • 91
    • 0038392673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-alcoholic fatty liver syndrome: A hepatic consequence of common metabolic diseases
    • Angelico F., Del B.M., Conti R., et al. Non-alcoholic fatty liver syndrome: A hepatic consequence of common metabolic diseases. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 18 (2003) 588-594
    • (2003) J Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.18 , pp. 588-594
    • Angelico, F.1    Del, B.M.2    Conti, R.3
  • 92
    • 20144389650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin resistance, the metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
    • Angelico F., Del B.M., Conti R., et al. Insulin resistance, the metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 90 (2005) 1578-1582
    • (2005) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.90 , pp. 1578-1582
    • Angelico, F.1    Del, B.M.2    Conti, R.3
  • 93
    • 22144473743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic, hormonal, oxidative, and inflammatory factors in pediatric obesity-related liver disease
    • Mandato C., Lucariello S., Licenziati M.R., et al. Metabolic, hormonal, oxidative, and inflammatory factors in pediatric obesity-related liver disease. J Pediatr 147 (2005) 62-66
    • (2005) J Pediatr , vol.147 , pp. 62-66
    • Mandato, C.1    Lucariello, S.2    Licenziati, M.R.3
  • 94
    • 0031947715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steatohepatitis: a tale of two "hits"
    • Day C.P., and James O.F.W. Steatohepatitis: a tale of two "hits". Gastroenterology 114 (1998) 842-845
    • (1998) Gastroenterology , vol.114 , pp. 842-845
    • Day, C.P.1    James, O.F.W.2
  • 95
    • 4043077961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular mediators of hepatic steatosis and liver injury
    • Browning J.D., and Horton J.D. Molecular mediators of hepatic steatosis and liver injury. J Clin Invest 114 (2004) 147-152
    • (2004) J Clin Invest , vol.114 , pp. 147-152
    • Browning, J.D.1    Horton, J.D.2
  • 96
    • 0031921972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steatohepatitis-inducing drugs cause mitochondrial dysfunction and lipid peroxidation in rat hepatocytes
    • Berson A., De B.V., Letteron P., et al. Steatohepatitis-inducing drugs cause mitochondrial dysfunction and lipid peroxidation in rat hepatocytes. Gastroenterology 114 (1998) 764-774
    • (1998) Gastroenterology , vol.114 , pp. 764-774
    • Berson, A.1    De, B.V.2    Letteron, P.3
  • 97
    • 0034126755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin E treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in children: a pilot study
    • Lavine J.E. Vitamin E treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in children: a pilot study. J Pediatr 136 (2000) 734-738
    • (2000) J Pediatr , vol.136 , pp. 734-738
    • Lavine, J.E.1
  • 98
    • 0029922315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metals. Oxidative stress and hepatic fibrogenesis
    • Pietrangelo A. Metals. Oxidative stress and hepatic fibrogenesis. Semin Liver Dis 16 (1996) 13-30
    • (1996) Semin Liver Dis , vol.16 , pp. 13-30
    • Pietrangelo, A.1
  • 99
    • 49149114288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular risk factors and the metabolic syndrome in pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
    • Schwimmer J.B., Pardee P.E., Lavine J.E., et al. Cardiovascular risk factors and the metabolic syndrome in pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Circulation 118 (2008) 277-283
    • (2008) Circulation , vol.118 , pp. 277-283
    • Schwimmer, J.B.1    Pardee, P.E.2    Lavine, J.E.3
  • 100
    • 68949136755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucose dysregulation and hepatic steatosis in obese adolescents: Is there a link?
    • Cali A.M.G., De Oliveira A.M., Kim H., et al. Glucose dysregulation and hepatic steatosis in obese adolescents: Is there a link?. Hepatology 49 (2009) 1896-1903
    • (2009) Hepatology , vol.49 , pp. 1896-1903
    • Cali, A.M.G.1    De Oliveira, A.M.2    Kim, H.3
  • 101
    • 7044274423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study Elevated alanine aminotransferase predicts new-onset type 2 diabetes independently of classical risk factors, metabolic syndrome, and C-reactive protein in the west of Scotland coronary prevention study
    • Sattar N., Scherbakova O., Ford I., et al. West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study Elevated alanine aminotransferase predicts new-onset type 2 diabetes independently of classical risk factors, metabolic syndrome, and C-reactive protein in the west of Scotland coronary prevention study. Diabetes 53 (2004) 2855-2860
    • (2004) Diabetes , vol.53 , pp. 2855-2860
    • Sattar, N.1    Scherbakova, O.2    Ford, I.3
  • 102
    • 40749121780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High visceral and low abdominal subcutaneous fat stores in the obese adolescent
    • Taksali S.E., Caprio S., Dziura J., et al. High visceral and low abdominal subcutaneous fat stores in the obese adolescent. Diabetes 57 (2008) 367-371
    • (2008) Diabetes , vol.57 , pp. 367-371
    • Taksali, S.E.1    Caprio, S.2    Dziura, J.3
  • 103
    • 58549101476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ectopic fat deposition and the metabolic syndrome in obese children and adolescents
    • Cali A.M.G., and Caprio S. Ectopic fat deposition and the metabolic syndrome in obese children and adolescents. Horm Res 71 (2009) 2-7
    • (2009) Horm Res , vol.71 , pp. 2-7
    • Cali, A.M.G.1    Caprio, S.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.