메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 14, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 3-12

Diagnostic considerations of nodules in the cirrhotic liver: A case-based perspective

Author keywords

Dysplastic nodule; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Immunohistochemistry

Indexed keywords

ADULT; BASOPHILIA; CANCER GRADING; CASE REPORT; CHEMOEMBOLIZATION; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING; DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE; DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS; EOSINOPHILIA; HEPATITIS C VIRUS; HISTOPATHOLOGY; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; LIVER BIOPSY; LIVER CELL CARCINOMA; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; LIVER GRAFT; LIVER TRANSPLANTATION; MALE; MICROSCOPY; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; PATHOLOGY; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE; REVIEW; STEATOSIS;

EID: 68549096357     PISSN: 10829784     EISSN: 15334015     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/PCR.0b013e31819c4238     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (2)

References (115)
  • 1
    • 20344399151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early hepatocellular carcinoma and dysplastic nodules
    • Kojiro M, Roskams T. Early hepatocellular carcinoma and dysplastic nodules. Semin Liver Dis. 2005;25:133-142.
    • (2005) Semin Liver Dis , vol.25 , pp. 133-142
    • Kojiro, M.1    Roskams, T.2
  • 2
    • 0029155354 scopus 로고
    • Terminology of nodular hepatocellular lesions. International Working Party
    • Terminology of nodular hepatocellular lesions. International Working Party. Hepatology. 1995;22:983-993.
    • (1995) Hepatology , vol.22 , pp. 983-993
  • 3
    • 28844480321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of hepatocellular carcinoma
    • Bruix J, Sherman M. Management of hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology. 2005;42:1208-1236.
    • (2005) Hepatology , vol.42 , pp. 1208-1236
    • Bruix, J.1    Sherman, M.2
  • 5
    • 0034856294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bruix J, Sherman M, Llovet JM, et al. Clinical management of hepato-cellular carcinoma. Conclusions of the Barcelona-2000 EASL conference. European Association for the Study of the Liver. J Hepatol. 2001;35:421-430.
    • Bruix J, Sherman M, Llovet JM, et al. Clinical management of hepato-cellular carcinoma. Conclusions of the Barcelona-2000 EASL conference. European Association for the Study of the Liver. J Hepatol. 2001;35:421-430.
  • 6
    • 38649114052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis of hepatic nodules 20 mm or smaller in cirrhosis: Prospective validation of the noninvasive diagnostic criteria for hepatocellular carcinoma
    • Forner A, Vilana R, Ayuso C, et al. Diagnosis of hepatic nodules 20 mm or smaller in cirrhosis: prospective validation of the noninvasive diagnostic criteria for hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology. 2008;47:97-104.
    • (2008) Hepatology , vol.47 , pp. 97-104
    • Forner, A.1    Vilana, R.2    Ayuso, C.3
  • 7
    • 50949108473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic liver: Double-contrast-enhanced, high-resolution 3.0 T-MR imaging with pathologic correlation
    • Yoo HJ, Lee JM, Lee MW, et al. Hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic liver: double-contrast-enhanced, high-resolution 3.0 T-MR imaging with pathologic correlation. Invest Radiol. 2008;43:538 -546.
    • (2008) Invest Radiol , vol.43 , pp. 538-546
    • Yoo, H.J.1    Lee, J.M.2    Lee, M.W.3
  • 8
    • 33745565757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An algorithm for the diagnosis of focal liver masses using microbubble contrast-enhanced pulse-inversion sonography
    • Wilson SR, Burns PN. An algorithm for the diagnosis of focal liver masses using microbubble contrast-enhanced pulse-inversion sonography. AJR. 2006;186:1401-1412.
    • (2006) AJR , vol.186 , pp. 1401-1412
    • Wilson, S.R.1    Burns, P.N.2
  • 9
    • 2942716927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Qualitative assessment of tumor vascularity in hepatocellular carcinoma by contrast-enhanced coded ultrasound: Comparison with arterial phase of dynamic CT and conventional color/power Doppler ultrasound
    • Koda M, Matsunaga Y, Ueki M, et al. Qualitative assessment of tumor vascularity in hepatocellular carcinoma by contrast-enhanced coded ultrasound: comparison with arterial phase of dynamic CT and conventional color/power Doppler ultrasound. Eur Radiol. 2004;14: 1100-1108.
    • (2004) Eur Radiol , vol.14 , pp. 1100-1108
    • Koda, M.1    Matsunaga, Y.2    Ueki, M.3
  • 10
    • 0036298228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective comparative study of spiral computer tomography and magnetic resonance imaging for detection of hepatocellular carcinoma
    • Stoker J, Romijn MG, de Man RA, et al. Prospective comparative study of spiral computer tomography and magnetic resonance imaging for detection of hepatocellular carcinoma. Gut. 2002;51:105-107.
    • (2002) Gut , vol.51 , pp. 105-107
    • Stoker, J.1    Romijn, M.G.2    de Man, R.A.3
  • 11
    • 45549083635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cirrhosis-associated hepatocellular nodules: Correlation of histopathologic and MR imaging features
    • Hanna RF, Aguirre DA, Kased N, et al. Cirrhosis-associated hepatocellular nodules: correlation of histopathologic and MR imaging features. Radiographics. 2008;28:747-769.
    • (2008) Radiographics , vol.28 , pp. 747-769
    • Hanna, R.F.1    Aguirre, D.A.2    Kased, N.3
  • 12
    • 40549138410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early hepatocellular carcinoma: Pathology, imaging, and therapy
    • Takayama T, Makuuchi M, Kojiro M, et al. Early hepatocellular carcinoma: pathology, imaging, and therapy. Ann Surg Oncol. 2008;15:972-978.
    • (2008) Ann Surg Oncol , vol.15 , pp. 972-978
    • Takayama, T.1    Makuuchi, M.2    Kojiro, M.3
  • 13
    • 7044229703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma
    • Bruix J, Sala M, Llovet JM. Chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma. Gastroenterology. 2004;127:S179-S188.
    • (2004) Gastroenterology , vol.127
    • Bruix, J.1    Sala, M.2    Llovet, J.M.3
  • 14
    • 0034898897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resection of hepatocellular carcinoma without preoperative tumor biopsy
    • Levy I, Greig PD, Gallinger S, et al. Resection of hepatocellular carcinoma without preoperative tumor biopsy. Ann Surg. 2001;234:206-209.
    • (2001) Ann Surg , vol.234 , pp. 206-209
    • Levy, I.1    Greig, P.D.2    Gallinger, S.3
  • 15
    • 0032862122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accurate preoperative evaluation of liver mass lesions without fine-needle biopsy
    • Torzilli G, Minagawa M, Takayama T, et al. Accurate preoperative evaluation of liver mass lesions without fine-needle biopsy. Hepatology. 1999; 30:889-893.
    • (1999) Hepatology , vol.30 , pp. 889-893
    • Torzilli, G.1    Minagawa, M.2    Takayama, T.3
  • 16
    • 44949120637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Candidate molecular markers for histological diagnosis of early hepatocellular carcinoma
    • Sakamoto M, Mori T, Masugi Y, et al. Candidate molecular markers for histological diagnosis of early hepatocellular carcinoma. Intervirology. 2008;51(suppl 1):42-45.
    • (2008) Intervirology , vol.51 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 42-45
    • Sakamoto, M.1    Mori, T.2    Masugi, Y.3
  • 17
    • 21344450714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of small nodules in cirrhosis by assessment of vascularity: The problem of hypovascular hepa-tocellular carcinoma
    • Bolondi L, Gaiani S, Celli N, et al. Characterization of small nodules in cirrhosis by assessment of vascularity: the problem of hypovascular hepa-tocellular carcinoma. Hepatology. 2005;42:27-34.
    • (2005) Hepatology , vol.42 , pp. 27-34
    • Bolondi, L.1    Gaiani, S.2    Celli, N.3
  • 18
    • 0034877607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conspicuity of hepatocellular nodular lesions in cirrhotic livers at ferumoxides-enhanced MR imaging: Importance of Kupffer cell number
    • Lim JH, Choi D, Cho SK, et al. Conspicuity of hepatocellular nodular lesions in cirrhotic livers at ferumoxides-enhanced MR imaging: importance of Kupffer cell number. Radiology. 2001;220:669-676.
    • (2001) Radiology , vol.220 , pp. 669-676
    • Lim, J.H.1    Choi, D.2    Cho, S.K.3
  • 19
    • 0033861597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced magnetic resonance images of hepatocellular carcinoma: Correlation with histological grading
    • Imai Y, Murakami T, Yoshida S, et al. Superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced magnetic resonance images of hepatocellular carcinoma: correlation with histological grading. Hepatology. 2000;32:205-212.
    • (2000) Hepatology , vol.32 , pp. 205-212
    • Imai, Y.1    Murakami, T.2    Yoshida, S.3
  • 20
    • 0242438168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of Kupffer cells by ferumoxides-enhanced MR imaging is beneficial for diagnosis of hepatocel-lular carcinoma: Comparison of pathological diagnosis and perfusion patterns assessed by CT hepatic arteriography and CT arterioportography
    • Asahina Y, Izumi N, Uchihara M, et al. Assessment of Kupffer cells by ferumoxides-enhanced MR imaging is beneficial for diagnosis of hepatocel-lular carcinoma: comparison of pathological diagnosis and perfusion patterns assessed by CT hepatic arteriography and CT arterioportography. Hepatol Res. 2003;27:196-204.
    • (2003) Hepatol Res , vol.27 , pp. 196-204
    • Asahina, Y.1    Izumi, N.2    Uchihara, M.3
  • 21
    • 34249300810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MR contrast agents for liver imaging: What, when, how
    • Gandhi SN, Brown MA, Wong JG, et al. MR contrast agents for liver imaging: what, when, how. Radiographics. 2006;26:1621-1636.
    • (2006) Radiographics , vol.26 , pp. 1621-1636
    • Gandhi, S.N.1    Brown, M.A.2    Wong, J.G.3
  • 22
    • 12944255849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatocellular carcinoma: Correlation between gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced MRI and pathologic findings
    • Grazioli L, Morana G, Caudana R, et al. Hepatocellular carcinoma: correlation between gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced MRI and pathologic findings. Invest Radiol. 2000;35:25-34.
    • (2000) Invest Radiol , vol.35 , pp. 25-34
    • Grazioli, L.1    Morana, G.2    Caudana, R.3
  • 23
    • 0032825639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of gadobenate dimeglumine in hepatocellular carcinoma: Results from phase II and phase III clinical trials in Japan
    • Tanimoto A, Kuwatsuru R, Kadoya M, et al. Evaluation of gadobenate dimeglumine in hepatocellular carcinoma: results from phase II and phase III clinical trials in Japan. J Magn Reson Imaging. 1999;10: 450-460.
    • (1999) J Magn Reson Imaging , vol.10 , pp. 450-460
    • Tanimoto, A.1    Kuwatsuru, R.2    Kadoya, M.3
  • 24
    • 0030688056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatocellular carcinoma: Evaluation with dynamic and static gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced MR imaging and histopathologic correlation
    • Vogl TJ, Stupavsky A, Pegios W, et al. Hepatocellular carcinoma: evaluation with dynamic and static gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced MR imaging and histopathologic correlation. Radiology. 1997;205:721-728.
    • (1997) Radiology , vol.205 , pp. 721-728
    • Vogl, T.J.1    Stupavsky, A.2    Pegios, W.3
  • 25
    • 0034046608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Focal liver lesions: Evaluation of the efficacy of gadobenate dimeglumine in MR imaging-a multicenter phase III clinical study
    • Petersein J, Spinazzi A, Giovagnoni A, et al. Focal liver lesions: evaluation of the efficacy of gadobenate dimeglumine in MR imaging-a multicenter phase III clinical study. Radiology. 2000;215:727-736.
    • (2000) Radiology , vol.215 , pp. 727-736
    • Petersein, J.1    Spinazzi, A.2    Giovagnoni, A.3
  • 26
    • 0033797105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the accuracy of gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced MR imaging in the detection and characterization of focal liver lesions
    • Pirovano G, Vanzulli A, Marti-Bonmati L, et al. Evaluation of the accuracy of gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced MR imaging in the detection and characterization of focal liver lesions. AJR. 2000;175:1111-1120.
    • (2000) AJR , vol.175 , pp. 1111-1120
    • Pirovano, G.1    Vanzulli, A.2    Marti-Bonmati, L.3
  • 27
    • 0032712149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The vascular profile of regenerative and dysplastic nodules of the cirrhotic liver: Implications for diagnosis and classification
    • Roncalli M, Roz E, Coggi G, et al. The vascular profile of regenerative and dysplastic nodules of the cirrhotic liver: implications for diagnosis and classification. Hepatology. 1999;30:1174-1178.
    • (1999) Hepatology , vol.30 , pp. 1174-1178
    • Roncalli, M.1    Roz, E.2    Coggi, G.3
  • 28
    • 0037370759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic livers: Double-contrast thin-section MR imaging with pathologic correlation of explanted tissue
    • Bhartia B, Ward J, Guthrie JA, et al. Hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic livers: double-contrast thin-section MR imaging with pathologic correlation of explanted tissue. AJR. 2003;180:577-584.
    • (2003) AJR , vol.180 , pp. 577-584
    • Bhartia, B.1    Ward, J.2    Guthrie, J.A.3
  • 29
    • 0032042625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatocarcinogenesis in liver cirrhosis: Imaging diagnosis
    • Choi BI. Hepatocarcinogenesis in liver cirrhosis: imaging diagnosis. J Korean Med Sci. 1998;13:103-116.
    • (1998) J Korean Med Sci , vol.13 , pp. 103-116
    • Choi, B.I.1
  • 30
    • 34247170510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multistep hepatocarcinogenesis from a dysplastic nodule to well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma in a patient with alcohol-related liver cirrhosis
    • Kim SR, Ikawa H, Ando K, et al. Multistep hepatocarcinogenesis from a dysplastic nodule to well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma in a patient with alcohol-related liver cirrhosis. World J Gastroenterol. 2007;13:1271- 1274.
    • (2007) World J Gastroenterol , vol.13 , pp. 1271-1274
    • Kim, S.R.1    Ikawa, H.2    Ando, K.3
  • 31
    • 0026027904 scopus 로고
    • Early stages of multistep hepato-carcinogenesis: Adenomatous hyperplasia and early hepatocellular carcinoma
    • Sakamoto M, Hirohashi S, Shimosato Y. Early stages of multistep hepato-carcinogenesis: adenomatous hyperplasia and early hepatocellular carcinoma. Hum Pathol. 1991;22:172-178.
    • (1991) Hum Pathol , vol.22 , pp. 172-178
    • Sakamoto, M.1    Hirohashi, S.2    Shimosato, Y.3
  • 32
    • 0031866348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neoangiogenesis and sinusoidal "capillarization" in dysplastic nodules of the liver
    • Park YN, Yang CP, Fernandez GJ, et al. Neoangiogenesis and sinusoidal "capillarization" in dysplastic nodules of the liver. Am J Surg Pathol. 1998;22:656-662.
    • (1998) Am J Surg Pathol , vol.22 , pp. 656-662
    • Park, Y.N.1    Yang, C.P.2    Fernandez, G.J.3
  • 33
    • 0030267421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dysplastic nodules: A new term for premalignant hepatic nodular lesions
    • Wu TT, Boitnott J. Dysplastic nodules: a new term for premalignant hepatic nodular lesions. Radiology. 1996;201:21-22.
    • (1996) Radiology , vol.201 , pp. 21-22
    • Wu, T.T.1    Boitnott, J.2
  • 34
    • 57349090407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gene expression in fixed tissues and outcome in hepatocellular carcinoma
    • Hoshida Y, Villanueva A, Kobayashi M, et al. Gene expression in fixed tissues and outcome in hepatocellular carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2008;359: 1995-2004.
    • (2008) N Engl J Med , vol.359 , pp. 1995-2004
    • Hoshida, Y.1    Villanueva, A.2    Kobayashi, M.3
  • 35
    • 0242609884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytokeratin 19 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma predicts early postoperative recurrence
    • Uenishi T, Kubo S, Yamamoto T, et al. Cytokeratin 19 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma predicts early postoperative recurrence. Cancer Sci. 2003;94:851-857.
    • (2003) Cancer Sci , vol.94 , pp. 851-857
    • Uenishi, T.1    Kubo, S.2    Yamamoto, T.3
  • 36
    • 52449093970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytokeratin 10 and cytokeratin 19: Predictive markers for poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma patients after curative resection
    • Yang XR, Xu Y, Shi GM, et al. Cytokeratin 10 and cytokeratin 19: predictive markers for poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma patients after curative resection. Clin Cancer Res. 2008;14:3850 -3859.
    • (2008) Clin Cancer Res , vol.14 , pp. 3850-3859
    • Yang, X.R.1    Xu, Y.2    Shi, G.M.3
  • 37
    • 0037973386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular therapy and prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma
    • Blum HE. Molecular therapy and prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int. 2003;2:11-22.
    • (2003) Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int , vol.2 , pp. 11-22
    • Blum, H.E.1
  • 38
    • 0029868259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preneoplastic conditions of the liver
    • Riegler JL. Preneoplastic conditions of the liver. Semin Gastrointest Dis. 1996;7:74-87.
    • (1996) Semin Gastrointest Dis , vol.7 , pp. 74-87
    • Riegler, J.L.1
  • 39
    • 33747830764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatocellular carcinoma pathogenesis: From genes to environment
    • Farazi PA, DePinho RA. Hepatocellular carcinoma pathogenesis: from genes to environment. Nat Rev Cancer. 2006;6:674-687.
    • (2006) Nat Rev Cancer , vol.6 , pp. 674-687
    • Farazi, P.A.1    DePinho, R.A.2
  • 40
    • 34248327856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neoplasms of the liver
    • Goodman ZD. Neoplasms of the liver. Mod Pathol. 2007;20(suppl 1):S49-S60.
    • (2007) Mod Pathol , vol.20 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Goodman, Z.D.1
  • 41
    • 0024320464 scopus 로고
    • Relationship between cirrhosis, liver cancer, and hepatic metastases. An autopsy study
    • Melato M, Laurino L, Mucli E, et al. Relationship between cirrhosis, liver cancer, and hepatic metastases. An autopsy study. Cancer. 1989; 64:455-459.
    • (1989) Cancer , vol.64 , pp. 455-459
    • Melato, M.1    Laurino, L.2    Mucli, E.3
  • 42
    • 1942519270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An update on the molecular genetics of hepatocellular carcinoma
    • Suriawinata A, Xu R. An update on the molecular genetics of hepatocellular carcinoma. Semin Liver Dis. 2004;24:77-88.
    • (2004) Semin Liver Dis , vol.24 , pp. 77-88
    • Suriawinata, A.1    Xu, R.2
  • 43
    • 0027367008 scopus 로고
    • Proposal for standardized criteria for the diagnosis of benign, borderline, and malignant hepatocellular lesions arising in chronic advanced liver disease
    • Ferrell LD, Crawford JM, Dhillon AP, et al. Proposal for standardized criteria for the diagnosis of benign, borderline, and malignant hepatocellular lesions arising in chronic advanced liver disease. Am J Surg Pathol. 1993;17:1113-1123.
    • (1993) Am J Surg Pathol , vol.17 , pp. 1113-1123
    • Ferrell, L.D.1    Crawford, J.M.2    Dhillon, A.P.3
  • 44
    • 29544433858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Classification tool for the systematic histological assessment of hepatocellular carcinoma, macroregenerative nodules, and dysplastic nodules in cirrhotic liver
    • Quaglia A, Jutand MA, Dhillon A, et al. Classification tool for the systematic histological assessment of hepatocellular carcinoma, macroregenerative nodules, and dysplastic nodules in cirrhotic liver. World J Gastroenterol. 2005;11:6262-6268.
    • (2005) World J Gastroenterol , vol.11 , pp. 6262-6268
    • Quaglia, A.1    Jutand, M.A.2    Dhillon, A.3
  • 45
    • 33947396135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnostic value of HSP70, glypican 3, and glutamine synthetase in hepatocellular nodules in cirrhosis
    • Di Tommaso L, Franchi G, Park YN, et al. Diagnostic value of HSP70, glypican 3, and glutamine synthetase in hepatocellular nodules in cirrhosis. Hepatology. 2007;45:725-734.
    • (2007) Hepatology , vol.45 , pp. 725-734
    • Di Tommaso, L.1    Franchi, G.2    Park, Y.N.3
  • 46
    • 0015549949 scopus 로고
    • Liver cell dysplasia: A premalignant condition
    • 109:Pxvii
    • Anthony PP. Liver cell dysplasia: a premalignant condition. J Pathol. 1973;109:Pxvii.
    • (1973) J Pathol
    • Anthony, P.P.1
  • 47
    • 0015598739 scopus 로고
    • Liver cell dysplasia: A premalignant condition
    • Anthony PP, Vogel CL, Barker LF. Liver cell dysplasia: a premalignant condition. J Clin Pathol. 1973;26:217-223.
    • (1973) J Clin Pathol , vol.26 , pp. 217-223
    • Anthony, P.P.1    Vogel, C.L.2    Barker, L.F.3
  • 48
    • 35748945421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatic precancerous lesions and small hepatocellular carcinoma
    • vii
    • Hytiroglou P, Park YN, Krinsky G, et al. Hepatic precancerous lesions and small hepatocellular carcinoma. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2007;36: 867- 887, vii.
    • (2007) Gastroenterol Clin North Am , vol.36 , pp. 867-887
    • Hytiroglou, P.1    Park, Y.N.2    Krinsky, G.3
  • 49
    • 0031730060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential diagnosis of hepatocellular nodular lesions
    • Hytiroglou P, Theise ND. Differential diagnosis of hepatocellular nodular lesions. Semin Diagn Pathol. 1998;15:285-299.
    • (1998) Semin Diagn Pathol , vol.15 , pp. 285-299
    • Hytiroglou, P.1    Theise, N.D.2
  • 50
    • 17044401727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liver biopsy in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma
    • vii
    • Wanless IR. Liver biopsy in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Liver Dis. 2005;9:281-285, vii.
    • (2005) Clin Liver Dis , vol.9 , pp. 281-285
    • Wanless, I.R.1
  • 51
    • 15844411099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictive score for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma and additional value of liver large cell dysplasia in western patients with cirrhosis
    • Ganne-Carrie N, Chastang C, Chapel F, et al. Predictive score for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma and additional value of liver large cell dysplasia in western patients with cirrhosis. Hepatology. 1996;23:1112- 1118.
    • (1996) Hepatology , vol.23 , pp. 1112-1118
    • Ganne-Carrie, N.1    Chastang, C.2    Chapel, F.3
  • 52
    • 0026691205 scopus 로고
    • Liver cell dysplasia: A DNA aneuploid lesion with distinct morphologic features
    • Thomas RM, Berman JJ, Yetter RA, et al. Liver cell dysplasia: a DNA aneuploid lesion with distinct morphologic features. Hum Pathol. 1992;23: 496-503.
    • (1992) Hum Pathol , vol.23 , pp. 496-503
    • Thomas, R.M.1    Berman, J.J.2    Yetter, R.A.3
  • 53
    • 0028958050 scopus 로고
    • Liver cell dysplasia is a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis: A prospective study
    • Borzio M, Bruno S, Roncalli M, et al. Liver cell dysplasia is a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis: a prospective study. Gastroenterology. 1995;108:812-817.
    • (1995) Gastroenterology , vol.108 , pp. 812-817
    • Borzio, M.1    Bruno, S.2    Roncalli, M.3
  • 54
    • 0030935587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large-cell change of hepatocytes in cirrhosis may represent a reaction to prolonged cholestasis
    • Natarajan S, Theise ND, Thung SN, et al. Large-cell change of hepatocytes in cirrhosis may represent a reaction to prolonged cholestasis. Am J Surg Pathol. 1997;21:312-318.
    • (1997) Am J Surg Pathol , vol.21 , pp. 312-318
    • Natarajan, S.1    Theise, N.D.2    Thung, S.N.3
  • 55
    • 0030663989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large cell change (liver cell dyspla-sia) and hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis: Matched case-control study, pathological analysis, and pathogenetic hypothesis
    • Lee RG, Tsamandas AC, Demetris AJ. Large cell change (liver cell dyspla-sia) and hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis: matched case-control study, pathological analysis, and pathogenetic hypothesis. Hepatology. 1997;26: 1415-1422.
    • (1997) Hepatology , vol.26 , pp. 1415-1422
    • Lee, R.G.1    Tsamandas, A.C.2    Demetris, A.J.3
  • 56
    • 0032945836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Ki-67 labeling in hepatocellular nodules: A comparative study
    • Tiniakos DG, Brunt EM. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Ki-67 labeling in hepatocellular nodules: a comparative study. Liver. 1999;19: 58-68.
    • (1999) Liver , vol.19 , pp. 58-68
    • Tiniakos, D.G.1    Brunt, E.M.2
  • 57
    • 0034856920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictive value of liver cell dysplasia for development of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with non-cirrhotic and cirrhotic chronic viral hepatitis
    • Libbrecht L, Craninx M, Nevens F, et al. Predictive value of liver cell dysplasia for development of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with non-cirrhotic and cirrhotic chronic viral hepatitis. Histopathology. 2001;39: 66-73.
    • (2001) Histopathology , vol.39 , pp. 66-73
    • Libbrecht, L.1    Craninx, M.2    Nevens, F.3
  • 58
    • 0020632394 scopus 로고
    • Morphologic studies of the liver cell dysplasia
    • Watanabe S, Okita K, Harada T, et al. Morphologic studies of the liver cell dysplasia. Cancer. 1983;51:2197-2205.
    • (1983) Cancer , vol.51 , pp. 2197-2205
    • Watanabe, S.1    Okita, K.2    Harada, T.3
  • 59
    • 0027429671 scopus 로고
    • Proliferating cell nuclear antigen in hepatocellular carcinoma and small cell liver dysplasia
    • Adachi E, Hashimoto H, Tsuneyoshi M. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen in hepatocellular carcinoma and small cell liver dysplasia. Cancer. 1993;72: 2902-2909.
    • (1993) Cancer , vol.72 , pp. 2902-2909
    • Adachi, E.1    Hashimoto, H.2    Tsuneyoshi, M.3
  • 60
    • 0024730081 scopus 로고
    • Mallory body clustering in adenomatous hyperplasia in human cirrhotic livers: Report of four cases
    • Terada T, Hoso M, Nakanuma Y. Mallory body clustering in adenomatous hyperplasia in human cirrhotic livers: report of four cases. Hum Pathol. 1989;20:868-890.
    • (1989) Hum Pathol , vol.20 , pp. 868-890
    • Terada, T.1    Hoso, M.2    Nakanuma, Y.3
  • 61
    • 0035147365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Irregular regeneration of hepatocytes is an important factor in the hepatocarcinogenesis of liver disease
    • Ueno Y, Moriyama M, Uchida T, et al. Irregular regeneration of hepatocytes is an important factor in the hepatocarcinogenesis of liver disease. Hepatology. 2001;33:357-362.
    • (2001) Hepatology , vol.33 , pp. 357-362
    • Ueno, Y.1    Moriyama, M.2    Uchida, T.3
  • 62
    • 0024409625 scopus 로고
    • Iron-negative foci in siderotic macroregenerative nodules in human cirrhotic liver. A marker of incipient neoplastic lesions
    • Terada T, Nakanuma Y. Iron-negative foci in siderotic macroregenerative nodules in human cirrhotic liver. A marker of incipient neoplastic lesions. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1989;113:916-920.
    • (1989) Arch Pathol Lab Med , vol.113 , pp. 916-920
    • Terada, T.1    Nakanuma, Y.2
  • 63
    • 0027500840 scopus 로고
    • Preneoplastic significance of hepatic iron-free foci in genetic hemochromatosis: A study of 185 patients
    • Deugnier YM, Charalambous P, Le Quilleuc D, et al. Preneoplastic significance of hepatic iron-free foci in genetic hemochromatosis: a study of 185 patients. Hepatology. 1993;18:1363-1369.
    • (1993) Hepatology , vol.18 , pp. 1363-1369
    • Deugnier, Y.M.1    Charalambous, P.2    Le Quilleuc, D.3
  • 64
    • 0035986529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dysplastic nodules and hepatocarcinogen- esis
    • Theise ND, Park YN, Kojiro M. Dysplastic nodules and hepatocarcinogen- esis. Clin Liver Dis. 2002;6:497-512.
    • (2002) Clin Liver Dis , vol.6 , pp. 497-512
    • Theise, N.D.1    Park, Y.N.2    Kojiro, M.3
  • 65
    • 0028898433 scopus 로고
    • Macroregenerative nodules in a series of adult cirrhotic liver explants: Issues of classification and nomenclature
    • Hytiroglou P, Theise ND, Schwartz M, et al. Macroregenerative nodules in a series of adult cirrhotic liver explants: issues of classification and nomenclature. Hepatology. 1995;21:703-708.
    • (1995) Hepatology , vol.21 , pp. 703-708
    • Hytiroglou, P.1    Theise, N.D.2    Schwartz, M.3
  • 66
    • 48749100170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Utility and limitations of glypican-3 expression for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma at both ends of the differentiation spectrum
    • Shafizadeh N, Ferrell LD, Kakar S. Utility and limitations of glypican-3 expression for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma at both ends of the differentiation spectrum. Mod Pathol. 2008;21:1011-1018.
    • (2008) Mod Pathol , vol.21 , pp. 1011-1018
    • Shafizadeh, N.1    Ferrell, L.D.2    Kakar, S.3
  • 67
    • 0028824044 scopus 로고
    • (dysplastic) nodules and hepatocarcino-genesis: Theoretical and clinical considerations
    • Theise ND. Macroregenerative (dysplastic) nodules and hepatocarcino-genesis: theoretical and clinical considerations. Semin Liver Dis. 1995; 15:360-371.
    • (1995) Semin Liver Dis , vol.15 , pp. 360-371
    • Macroregenerative, T.N.D.1
  • 68
    • 0028968157 scopus 로고
    • Macroregenerative nodules in cirrhosis are not associated with elevated serum or stainable tissue alpha-fetoprotein
    • Theise ND, Fiel IM, Hytiroglou P, et al. Macroregenerative nodules in cirrhosis are not associated with elevated serum or stainable tissue alpha-fetoprotein. Liver. 1995;15:30 -34.
    • (1995) Liver , vol.15 , pp. 30-34
    • Theise, N.D.1    Fiel, I.M.2    Hytiroglou, P.3
  • 69
    • 34547096243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatocyte senescence in end-stage chronic liver disease: A study of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 in liver biopsies as a marker for progression to hepatocellular carcinoma
    • Brunt EM, Walsh SN, Hayashi PH, et al. Hepatocyte senescence in end-stage chronic liver disease: a study of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 in liver biopsies as a marker for progression to hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver Int. 2007;27:662- 671.
    • (2007) Liver Int , vol.27 , pp. 662-671
    • Brunt, E.M.1    Walsh, S.N.2    Hayashi, P.H.3
  • 70
    • 53149139366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mimics of cholangiocarcinoma: Spectrum of disease
    • Menias CO, Surabhi VR, Prasad SR, et al. Mimics of cholangiocarcinoma: spectrum of disease. Radiographics. 2008;28:1115-1129.
    • (2008) Radiographics , vol.28 , pp. 1115-1129
    • Menias, C.O.1    Surabhi, V.R.2    Prasad, S.R.3
  • 71
    • 55549141850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glypican-3 as a useful diagnostic marker that distinguishes hepatocellular carcinoma from benign hepatocel-lular mass lesions
    • Wang HL, Anatelli F, Zhai QJ, et al. Glypican-3 as a useful diagnostic marker that distinguishes hepatocellular carcinoma from benign hepatocel-lular mass lesions. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2008;132:1723-1728.
    • (2008) Arch Pathol Lab Med , vol.132 , pp. 1723-1728
    • Wang, H.L.1    Anatelli, F.2    Zhai, Q.J.3
  • 72
    • 48649083946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Value of glypican 3 immunostaining in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma on needle biopsy
    • Anatelli F, Chuang ST, Yang XJ, et al. Value of glypican 3 immunostaining in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma on needle biopsy. Am J Clin Pathol. 2008;130:219-223.
    • (2008) Am J Clin Pathol , vol.130 , pp. 219-223
    • Anatelli, F.1    Chuang, S.T.2    Yang, X.J.3
  • 73
    • 33750983031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glypican-3 expression in hepatocellular tumors: Diagnostic value for preneoplastic lesions and hepatocellular carcinomas
    • Wang XY, Degos F, Dubois S, et al. Glypican-3 expression in hepatocellular tumors: diagnostic value for preneoplastic lesions and hepatocellular carcinomas. Hum Pathol. 2006;37:1435-1441.
    • (2006) Hum Pathol , vol.37 , pp. 1435-1441
    • Wang, X.Y.1    Degos, F.2    Dubois, S.3
  • 74
    • 38149004217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glypican-3 expression in benign liver tissue with active hepatitis C: Implications for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma
    • Abdul-Al HM, Makhlouf HR, Wang G, et al. Glypican-3 expression in benign liver tissue with active hepatitis C: implications for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Hum Pathol. 2008;39:209-212.
    • (2008) Hum Pathol , vol.39 , pp. 209-212
    • Abdul-Al, H.M.1    Makhlouf, H.R.2    Wang, G.3
  • 75
    • 59549100452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel functions of the CD34 family
    • Nielsen JS, McNagny KM. Novel functions of the CD34 family. J Cell Sci. 2008;121:3683-3692.
    • (2008) J Cell Sci , vol.121 , pp. 3683-3692
    • Nielsen, J.S.1    McNagny, K.M.2
  • 77
    • 33645234680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Origin of neovascular structure in an early stage of hepatocellular carcinoma: Study of alpha-smooth muscle actin immunohistochemistry in serial thin sections of surgically resected cancer
    • Ikeda K, Kobayashi M, Saitoh S, et al. Origin of neovascular structure in an early stage of hepatocellular carcinoma: study of alpha-smooth muscle actin immunohistochemistry in serial thin sections of surgically resected cancer. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006;21:183-190.
    • (2006) J Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.21 , pp. 183-190
    • Ikeda, K.1    Kobayashi, M.2    Saitoh, S.3
  • 78
    • 0027057589 scopus 로고
    • Monoclonal antibodies against recombinant parts of the Ki-67 antigen (MIB 1 and MIB 3) detect proliferating cells in microwave-processed formalin-fixed paraffin sections
    • Cattoretti G, Becker MH, Key G, et al. Monoclonal antibodies against recombinant parts of the Ki-67 antigen (MIB 1 and MIB 3) detect proliferating cells in microwave-processed formalin-fixed paraffin sections. J Pathol. 1992;168:357-363.
    • (1992) J Pathol , vol.168 , pp. 357-363
    • Cattoretti, G.1    Becker, M.H.2    Key, G.3
  • 79
    • 0032525212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Telomerase activity in precan-cerous hepatic nodules
    • Hytiroglou P, Kotoula V, Thung SN, et al. Telomerase activity in precan-cerous hepatic nodules. Cancer. 1998;82:1831-1838.
    • (1998) Cancer , vol.82 , pp. 1831-1838
    • Hytiroglou, P.1    Kotoula, V.2    Thung, S.N.3
  • 80
    • 33644552760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunohistologic attempt to find carcinogenesis from hepatic progenitor cell in hepatocellular carcinoma
    • Yamamoto T, Uenishi T, Ogawa M, et al. Immunohistologic attempt to find carcinogenesis from hepatic progenitor cell in hepatocellular carcinoma. Dig Surg. 2005;22:364-370.
    • (2005) Dig Surg , vol.22 , pp. 364-370
    • Yamamoto, T.1    Uenishi, T.2    Ogawa, M.3
  • 81
    • 33746097413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New consensus nomenclature for mammalian keratins
    • Schweizer J, Bowden PE, Coulombe PA, et al. New consensus nomenclature for mammalian keratins. J Cell Biol. 2006;174:169-174.
    • (2006) J Cell Biol , vol.174 , pp. 169-174
    • Schweizer, J.1    Bowden, P.E.2    Coulombe, P.A.3
  • 82
    • 44149099717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The human keratins: Biology and pathology
    • Moll R, Divo M, Langbein L. The human keratins: biology and pathology. Histochem Cell Biol. 2008;129:705-733.
    • (2008) Histochem Cell Biol , vol.129 , pp. 705-733
    • Moll, R.1    Divo, M.2    Langbein, L.3
  • 84
    • 0037083472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clusterin expression is significantly enhanced in prostate cancer cells following androgen withdrawal therapy
    • July LV, Akbari M, Zellweger T, et al. Clusterin expression is significantly enhanced in prostate cancer cells following androgen withdrawal therapy. Prostate. 2002;50:179-188.
    • (2002) Prostate , vol.50 , pp. 179-188
    • July, L.V.1    Akbari, M.2    Zellweger, T.3
  • 85
    • 10044232576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overexpression of clusterin in human hepatocellular carcinoma
    • Kang YK, Hong SW, Lee H, et al. Overexpression of clusterin in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Hum Pathol. 2004;35:1340-1346.
    • (2004) Hum Pathol , vol.35 , pp. 1340-1346
    • Kang, Y.K.1    Hong, S.W.2    Lee, H.3
  • 86
    • 33644518424 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clusterin plays an important role in hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis
    • Lau SH, Sham JS, Xie D, et al. Clusterin plays an important role in hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis. Oncogene. 2006;25:1242-1250.
    • (2006) Oncogene , vol.25 , pp. 1242-1250
    • Lau, S.H.1    Sham, J.S.2    Xie, D.3
  • 87
    • 33750430854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glypican-3 expression distinguishes small hepatocellular carcinomas from cirrhosis, dysplastic nodules, and focal nodular hyperplasia-like nodules
    • Libbrecht L, Severi T, Cassiman D, et al. Glypican-3 expression distinguishes small hepatocellular carcinomas from cirrhosis, dysplastic nodules, and focal nodular hyperplasia-like nodules. Am J Surg Pathol. 2006;30: 1405-1411.
    • (2006) Am J Surg Pathol , vol.30 , pp. 1405-1411
    • Libbrecht, L.1    Severi, T.2    Cassiman, D.3
  • 89
    • 0034893110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glypicans: Proteoglycans with a surprise
    • Filmus J, Selleck SB. Glypicans: proteoglycans with a surprise. J Clin Invest. 2001;108:497-501.
    • (2001) J Clin Invest , vol.108 , pp. 497-501
    • Filmus, J.1    Selleck, S.B.2
  • 90
    • 38149095625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of glypican 3 in hepato-blastoma: An immunohistochemical study of 65 cases
    • Zynger DL, Gupta A, Luan C, et al. Expression of glypican 3 in hepato-blastoma: an immunohistochemical study of 65 cases. Hum Pathol. 2008; 39:224-230.
    • (2008) Hum Pathol , vol.39 , pp. 224-230
    • Zynger, D.L.1    Gupta, A.2    Luan, C.3
  • 91
    • 48649084091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of glypican 3 in ovarian and extragonadal germ cell tumors
    • Zynger DL, Everton MJ, Dimov ND, et al. Expression of glypican 3 in ovarian and extragonadal germ cell tumors. Am J Clin Pathol. 2008;130: 224-230.
    • (2008) Am J Clin Pathol , vol.130 , pp. 224-230
    • Zynger, D.L.1    Everton, M.J.2    Dimov, N.D.3
  • 92
    • 33747698690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent developments in the first detection of hepatocellular carcinoma
    • Lopez JB. Recent developments in the first detection of hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Biochem Rev. 2005;26:65-79.
    • (2005) Clin Biochem Rev , vol.26 , pp. 65-79
    • Lopez, J.B.1
  • 93
    • 0021847250 scopus 로고
    • Glutamine metabolism in isolated perfused rat liver. The transamination pathway
    • Haussinger D, Stehle T, Gerok W. Glutamine metabolism in isolated perfused rat liver. The transamination pathway. Biol Chem Hoppe Seyler. 1985;366:527-536.
    • (1985) Biol Chem Hoppe Seyler , vol.366 , pp. 527-536
    • Haussinger, D.1    Stehle, T.2    Gerok, W.3
  • 94
    • 0018386209 scopus 로고
    • Evidence that glutamine, not sugar, is the major energy source for cultured HeLa cells
    • Reitzer LJ, Wice BM, Kennell D. Evidence that glutamine, not sugar, is the major energy source for cultured HeLa cells. J Biol Chem. 1979;254:2669- 2676.
    • (1979) J Biol Chem , vol.254 , pp. 2669-2676
    • Reitzer, L.J.1    Wice, B.M.2    Kennell, D.3
  • 95
    • 0028271613 scopus 로고
    • Overexpression of glutamine synthetase in human primary liver cancer
    • Christa L, Simon MT, Flinois JP, et al. Overexpression of glutamine synthetase in human primary liver cancer. Gastroenterology. 1994;106: 1312-1320.
    • (1994) Gastroenterology , vol.106 , pp. 1312-1320
    • Christa, L.1    Simon, M.T.2    Flinois, J.P.3
  • 96
    • 0033557619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acquisition of glutamine synthetase expression in human hepatocarcinogenesis: Relation to disease recurrence and possible regulation by ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis
    • Osada T, Sakamoto M, Nagawa H, et al. Acquisition of glutamine synthetase expression in human hepatocarcinogenesis: relation to disease recurrence and possible regulation by ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis. Cancer. 1999; 85:819-831.
    • (1999) Cancer , vol.85 , pp. 819-831
    • Osada, T.1    Sakamoto, M.2    Nagawa, H.3
  • 97
    • 33644779550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of liver biopsy and noninvasive methods for diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma
    • Bialecki ES, Ezenekwe AM, Brunt EM, et al. Comparison of liver biopsy and noninvasive methods for diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006;4:361-368.
    • (2006) Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.4 , pp. 361-368
    • Bialecki, E.S.1    Ezenekwe, A.M.2    Brunt, E.M.3
  • 98
    • 16644378387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CT of benign hypervascular liver nodules in autoimmune hepatitis
    • Qayyum A, Graser A, Westphalen A, et al. CT of benign hypervascular liver nodules in autoimmune hepatitis. AJR. 2004;183:1573-1576.
    • (2004) AJR , vol.183 , pp. 1573-1576
    • Qayyum, A.1    Graser, A.2    Westphalen, A.3
  • 99
    • 34848893888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for intrahe-patic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in the United States: A population-based case-control study
    • Welzel TM, Graubard BI, El-Serag HB, et al. Risk factors for intrahe-patic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in the United States: a population-based case-control study. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007;5: 1221-1228.
    • (2007) Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.5 , pp. 1221-1228
    • Welzel, T.M.1    Graubard, B.I.2    El-Serag, H.B.3
  • 100
    • 2942615272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The epidemiology of cholangiocarcinoma
    • Shaib Y, El-Serag HB. The epidemiology of cholangiocarcinoma. Semin Liver Dis. 2004;24:115-125.
    • (2004) Semin Liver Dis , vol.24 , pp. 115-125
    • Shaib, Y.1    El-Serag, H.B.2
  • 101
    • 1242314802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rising incidence of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in the United States: A true increase?
    • Shaib YH, Davila JA, McGlynn K, et al. Rising incidence of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in the United States: a true increase? J Hepatol. 2004; 40:472-477.
    • (2004) J Hepatol , vol.40 , pp. 472-477
    • Shaib, Y.H.1    Davila, J.A.2    McGlynn, K.3
  • 102
    • 15744389434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in the United States: A case-control study
    • Shaib YH, El-Serag HB, Davila JA, et al. Risk factors of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in the United States: a case-control study. Gastroenterology. 2005;128:620-626.
    • (2005) Gastroenterology , vol.128 , pp. 620-626
    • Shaib, Y.H.1    El-Serag, H.B.2    Davila, J.A.3
  • 103
    • 34247854758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: A hospital-based case-control study
    • Shaib YH, El-Serag HB, Nooka AK, et al. Risk factors for intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a hospital-based case-control study. Am J Gastroenterol. 2007;102:1016-1021.
    • (2007) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.102 , pp. 1016-1021
    • Shaib, Y.H.1    El-Serag, H.B.2    Nooka, A.K.3
  • 104
    • 0036894959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cholangiocarcinoma: The "other" liver cancer on the rise
    • Davila JA, El-Serag HB. Cholangiocarcinoma: the "other" liver cancer on the rise. Am J Gastroenterol. 2002;97:3199-3200.
    • (2002) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.97 , pp. 3199-3200
    • Davila, J.A.1    El-Serag, H.B.2
  • 105
    • 0030010646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Utility of pancreatic digestive enzyme immunohis-tochemistry in the differential diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma, chol-angiocarcinoma and metastatic adenocarcinoma of the liver
    • Terada T, Nakanuma Y. Utility of pancreatic digestive enzyme immunohis-tochemistry in the differential diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma, chol-angiocarcinoma and metastatic adenocarcinoma of the liver. Pathol Int. 1996;46:183-188.
    • (1996) Pathol Int , vol.46 , pp. 183-188
    • Terada, T.1    Nakanuma, Y.2
  • 106
    • 0036327037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combined hepatocellular-cholangio- carcinoma: A histopathologic, immunohistochemical, and in situ hybridization study
    • Tickoo SK, Zee SY, Obiekwe S, et al. Combined hepatocellular-cholangio- carcinoma: a histopathologic, immunohistochemical, and in situ hybridization study. Am J Surg Pathol. 2002;26:989-997.
    • (2002) Am J Surg Pathol , vol.26 , pp. 989-997
    • Tickoo, S.K.1    Zee, S.Y.2    Obiekwe, S.3
  • 107
    • 45549084904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liver cancer stem cells
    • Sell S, Leffert HL. Liver cancer stem cells. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26:2800 -2805.
    • (2008) J Clin Oncol , vol.26 , pp. 2800-2805
    • Sell, S.1    Leffert, H.L.2
  • 108
    • 0141836269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatic "stem cell" malignancies in adults: Four cases
    • Theise ND, Yao JL, Harada K, et al. Hepatic "stem cell" malignancies in adults: four cases. Histopathology. 2003;43:263-271.
    • (2003) Histopathology , vol.43 , pp. 263-271
    • Theise, N.D.1    Yao, J.L.2    Harada, K.3
  • 109
    • 1642532389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary liver carcinoma of intermediate (hepatocyte-cholangiocyte) phenotype
    • Kim H, Park C, Han KH, et al. Primary liver carcinoma of intermediate (hepatocyte-cholangiocyte) phenotype. J Hepatol. 2004;40:298-304.
    • (2004) J Hepatol , vol.40 , pp. 298-304
    • Kim, H.1    Park, C.2    Han, K.H.3
  • 110
    • 40449099255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EpCAM and alpha-fetoprotein expression defines novel prognostic subtypes of hepatocellular carcinoma
    • Yamashita T, Forgues M, Wang W, et al. EpCAM and alpha-fetoprotein expression defines novel prognostic subtypes of hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Res. 2008;68:1451-1461.
    • (2008) Cancer Res , vol.68 , pp. 1451-1461
    • Yamashita, T.1    Forgues, M.2    Wang, W.3
  • 111
    • 33646045010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stem cells and cancer: Two faces of eve
    • Clarke MF, Fuller M. Stem cells and cancer: two faces of eve. Cell. 2006;124:1111-1115.
    • (2006) Cell , vol.124 , pp. 1111-1115
    • Clarke, M.F.1    Fuller, M.2
  • 112
    • 1242329819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Focus on dysplastic nodules and early hepatocellular carcinoma: An Eastern point of view
    • Kojiro M. Focus on dysplastic nodules and early hepatocellular carcinoma: an Eastern point of view. Liver Transpl. 2004;10:S3-S8.
    • (2004) Liver Transpl , vol.10
    • Kojiro, M.1
  • 113
    • 33847387209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ductular reaction is helpful in defining early stromal invasion, small hepatocellular carcinomas, and dys-plastic nodules
    • Park YN, Kojiro M, Di Tommaso L, et al. Ductular reaction is helpful in defining early stromal invasion, small hepatocellular carcinomas, and dys-plastic nodules. Cancer. 2007;109:915-923.
    • (2007) Cancer , vol.109 , pp. 915-923
    • Park, Y.N.1    Kojiro, M.2    Di Tommaso, L.3
  • 114
    • 1242329815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatocellular nodules in cirrhosis: Focus on diagnostic criteria on liver biopsy. A Western experience
    • Roncalli M. Hepatocellular nodules in cirrhosis: focus on diagnostic criteria on liver biopsy. A Western experience. Liver Transpl. 2004;10: S9-S15.
    • (2004) Liver Transpl , vol.10
    • Roncalli, M.1
  • 115
    • 61749083279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatocellular dysplastic nodules
    • Roncalli M, Borzio M, Di Tommaso L. Hepatocellular dysplastic nodules. Hepatol Res. 2007;37(suppl 2):S125-S34.
    • (2007) Hepatol Res , vol.37 , Issue.SUPPL. 2
    • Roncalli, M.1    Borzio, M.2    Di Tommaso, L.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.