An insight into tumoral hypoxia: The radiomarkers and clinical applications

Oncology Reviews

Volumn 3, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 3-18

  Abrantes, Ana Margarida ^a   Serra, Maria Elisa ^b   Murtinho, Dina ^b   Gonsalves, António Rocha ^b   Botelho, Maria Filomena ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF COIMBRA   (Portugal)

^b UNIVERSITY OF COIMBRA   (Portugal)

Author keywords

Functional imaging; Nuclear medicine; Radiomarkers; Tumoral hypoxia

Indexed keywords

1 [(2 METHOXYETHYLAMINOCARBONYL)METHYL] 3 NITRO 1,2,4 TRIAZOLE TC 99M; 1 FLUORO 3 (2 NITRO 1 IMIDAZOLYL) 2 PROPANOL F 18; 2 (2 NITRO 1H IMIDAZOL 1 YL) N (2,2,3,3,3 PENTAFLUOROPROPYL)ACETAMIDE F 18; 3 AMINOPROPIONITRILE TC 99M; 5 OXA 6 (2 NITROIMIDAZOLE)PROPYLENEAMINE OXIME TC 99M; BRU 59 21; CARBONATE DEHYDRATASE IX; CONTRAST MEDIUM; FLUOROAZOMYCIN ARABINOSIDE F 18; FLUOROERYTHRONITROIMIDAZOLE F 18; FLUOROETANIDAZOLE F 18; GLUCOSE TRANSPORTER 1; HYPOXIA INDUCIBLE FACTOR 1ALPHA; IIODOAZOMYCIN GALACTOSIDE I 124; IODOAZOMYCIN ARABINOSIDE I 124; METRONIDAZOLE; N [3 (2' NITRO 1'H IMIDAZOYL)PROPYL] 1,2 ETHYLENEDICYSTEAMINE TC 99M; NIMORAZOLE; ORNIDAZOLE; OXO[3,3,9,9 TETRAMETHYL 1 (2 NITRO 1H IMIDAZOL 1 YL) 4,8 DIAZAUNDECANE 2,10 DIONEDIOXIMATO]TECHNETIUM TC 99M; OXYGEN; PIMONIDAZOLE; RADIOISOTOPE; RADIOPHARMACEUTICAL AGENT; SENAZOLE; TINIDAZOLE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; UPENAZIME TC 99M;

CANCER CELL; CANCER RADIOTHERAPY; CELL HYPOXIA; CLINICAL TRIAL; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; DRUG CLEARANCE; DRUG STRUCTURE; DRUG UPTAKE; ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE; FUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; HUMAN; HYPOXIA; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; IN VIVO STUDY; NEAR INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; OXYGEN DIFFUSION; OXYGEN TENSION; OXYGENATION; PHOSPHORESCENCE; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SINGLE PHOTON EMISSION COMPUTER TOMOGRAPHY; TUMOR; TUMOR VASCULARIZATION; TUMORAL HYPOXIA; UTERINE CERVIX CARCINOMA;

EID: 67349281280     PISSN: 19705557     EISSN: 19705565     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s12156-009-0001-z     Document Type: Review

References (110)

1. D Abele 2002 Toxic oxygen: the radical life-giver Nature 420 27
2. AN Clarkson BA Sutherland I Appleton 2005 The biology and pathology of hypoxia-ischemia: an update Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 53 213 225
3. E Mariani MC Polidori A Cherubini P Mecocci 2005 Oxidative stress in brain aging, neurodegenerative and vascular diseases: an overview J Chromatogr B Anal Technol Biomed Life Sci 827 65 75
4. AM Shannon DJ Bouchier-Hayes CM Condron D Toomey 2003 Tumor hypoxia, chemotherapeutic resistance and hypoxia-related therapies Cancer Treat Rev 29 297 307
5. 2, and the 3 PHDs: how animal cells signal hypoxia to the nucleus Cell 107 1 3
6. West JB (1999) Respiratory physiology-the essentials. 6th edn. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore
7. M Hockel P Vaupel 2001 Tumour hypoxia: definitions and current clinical, biologic and molecular aspects J Natl Cancer Inst 93 266 276
8. PD Boyer B Chance L Ernster 1977 Oxidative phosphorylation and photophosphorylation Annu Rev Biochem 46 955 1026
9. Honig CR (1985) Modern cardiovascular physiology, 2nd edn. Little and Brown, Boston. 1988
10. R Zander P Vaupel 1985 Proposal for using a standardized terminology on oxygen transport to tissue Adv Exp Med Biol 191 965 970
11. Glossary on respiration, gas exchange 1973 J Appl Physiol 34 549 558
12. P Vaupel F Kallinowski P Okunieff 1989 Blood flow, oxygen and nutrient supply, and metabolic microenvironment of human tumors: a review Cancer Res 49 6449 6465
13. P Vaupel HP Fortmeyer S Runkel 1987 Blood flow, oxygen consumption, and tissue oxygenation of human breast cancer xenografts in nude rats Cancer Res 47 3496 3503
14. F Kallinowski KH Schlenger S Runkel 1989 Blood flow, metabolism, cellular microenvironment, and growth rate of human tumor xenografts Cancer Res 49 3759 3764
15. AL Harris 2002 Hypoxia-a key regulatory factor in tumor growth Nat Rev Cancer 2 38 47
16. LH Gray AD Conger M Ebert 1953 The concentration of oxygen dissolved in tissues at the time of irradiation as a factor in radiotherapy Br J Radiol 26 638 648
17. S Kisaka-Kondoh M Inoue H Harada M Hiraoka 2003 Tumor hypoxia: a target for selective cancer therapy Cancer Sci 94 1021 1028
18. RK Jain 1998 Determinants of tumor blood flow: a review Cancer Res 48 2641 2658
19. JL Yu JW Rak P Carmeliet 2001 Heterogenous vascular dependence of tumor cell populations Am J Pathol 158 1325 1334
20. P Vaupel O Thews M Hoeckel 2001 Treatment resistance of solid tumors: role of hypoxia and anemia Med Oncol 18 243 259
21. P Vaupel DK Kelleher M Hockel 2001 Oxygen status of malignant tumors: pathogenesis of hypoxia and significance for tumor therapy Semin Oncol 28 Suppl 8 29 35
22. P Vaupel S Briest M Hockel 2002 Hypoxia in breast cancer: pathogenesis, characterization and biological/therapeutic implications Wien Med Wochenschr 152 334 342
23. FG Blankenberg HW Strauss 2007 Nuclear medicine applications in molecular imaging: 2007 update Quart J Nuclear Med Mol Imaging 51 99 110
24. RE Airley A Mobasheri 2007 Hypoxic regulation of glucose transport, anaerobic metabolism and angiogenesis in cancer: novel pathways and targets for anticancer therapeutics Chemotherapy 53 233 256
25. 2 gradients in solid tumors in vivo: high resolution measurements reveal a lack of correlation Nat Med 3 177 182
26. J Pouysségur F Dayan NM Mazure 2006 Hypoxia signalling in cancer and approaches to enforce tumour regression Nature 441 437 443
27. CN Coleman JB Mitchell K Camphausen 2002 Tumor hypoxia: chicken, egg, or a piece of the farm? J Clin Oncol 20 610 615
28. P Vaupel L Harrison 2004 Tumor hypoxia: causative factors, compensatory mechanisms, and cellular response Oncologist 9 4 9
29. Horsman MR, Overgaard J (2002) The oxygen effect and tumor microenvironment. In: Steel GG (ed) Basic clinical radiobiology, vol 26. Arnold, London, pp 281-290
30. AR Padhani KA Krohn JS Lewis M Alber 2007 Imaging oxygenation of human tumors Eur Radiol 17 861 872
31. G Schwarz 1909 Uber desensibilisierung gegen Rontgen- und Radiumstrahlen Munchener Med Wochenschr 24 1 2
32. JC Mottram 1931 A factor of importance in the radio-sensitivity of tumors Br J Radiol 9 606 614
33. DS Vikram JL Zweier P Kuppusamy 2007 Methods for noninvasive imaging of tissue hypoxia Antioxid Redox Signal 10 1745 1755
34. Vaupel P, Kelleher DK (eds) (1999) Tumor hypoxia: pathophysiology, clinical significance and therapeutic perspectives. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft, Stuttgart
35. HB Stone JM Brown TL Philips RM Sutherland 1993 Oxygen in human tumors: correlations between methods of measurement and response to therapy. Summary of a workshop held November 19-20, 1992 at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland Radiat Res 136 422 434
36. PL Olive JP Banath C Aquino-Parsons 2001 Measuring hypoxia in solid tumors-is there a gold standard? Acta Oncol 40 917 923
37. M Nozue I Lee F Yuan 1997 Interlaboratory variation in oxygen tension measurement by Eppendorf 'Histograph' and comparison with hypoxic marker J Surg Oncol 66 30 38
38. 2 with microelectrodes Methods Enzymol 381 665 690
39. C Menon DL Fraker 2005 Tumor oxygenation status as a prognostic marker Cancer Lett 221 225 235
40. JM Arbeit JM Brown KS Chao 2006 Hypoxia: importance in tumor biology, non-invasive measurement by imaging, and value of its measurement in the management of cancer therapy Int J Radiat Biol 82 699 757
41. P Vaupel O Thews DK Kelleher MA Konerding 2003 O(2) extraction is a key parameter determining the oxygenation status of malignant tumors and normal tissues Int J Oncol 22 795 798
42. JR Griffiths SP Robinson 1999 The OxyLite: a fibre-optic oxygen sensor Br J Radiol 72 627 630
43. JA Raleigh GG Miller AJ Franko 1987 Fluorescence immunohistochemical detection of hypoxic cells in spheroids and tumors Br J Cancer 56 395 400
44. CJ Koch 2002 Measurement of absolute oxygen levels in cells and tissues using oxygen sensors and 2-nitroimidazole EF5 Methods Enzymol 352 3 31
45. D Hedley M Pintilie J Woo 2003 Carbonic anhydrase IX expression, hypoxia, and prognosis in patients with uterine cervical carcinomas Clin Cancer Res 9 5666 5674
46. AS Ljungkvist J Bussink PF Rijken 2002 Vascular architecture, hypoxia, and proliferation in first-generation xenografts of human head-and-neck squamous cell carcinomas Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 54 215 228
47. PF Rijken HJ Bernsen JP Peters 2000 Spatial relationship between hypoxia and the (perfused) vascular network in a human glioma xenograft: a quantitative multi-parameter analysis Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 48 571 582
48. JA Raleigh SC Chou GE Arteel 1999 Comparisons among pimonidazole binding, oxygen electrode measurements, and radiation response in C3H mouse tumors Radiat Res 151 580 589
49. S Ivanov SY Liao A Ivanova 2001 Expression of hypoxia-inducible cell-surface transmembrane carbonic anhydrases in human cancer Am J Pathol 158 905 919
50. KR Laderoute TD Grant BJ Murphy 1992 Enhanced epidermal growth factor receptor synthesis in human squamous carcinoma cells exposed to low levels of oxygen Int J Cancer 52 428 432
51. JR Grandis MF Melhem WE Gooding 1998 Levels of TGF-alpha and EGFR protein in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and patient survival J Natl Cancer Inst 90 824 832
52. DK Moscatello M Holgado-Madruga AK Godwin 1995 Frequent expression of a mutant epidermal growth factor receptor in multiple human tumors Cancer Res 55 5536 5539
53. JA Forsythe BH Jiang NV Iyer 1996 Activation of vascular endothelial growth factor gene transcription by hypoxia-inducible factor 1 Mol Cell Biol 16 4604 4613
54. J Dunst P Stadler A Becker 2001 Tumor hypoxia and systemic levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in head and neck cancers Strahlenther Onkol 177 469 473
55. FF Jobsis 1977 Noninvasive, infrared monitoring of cerebral and myocardial oxygen sufficiency and circulatory parameters Science 198 1264 1267
56. X Intes B Chance 2005 Non-PET functional imaging techniques: optical Radiol Clin North Am 43 XII 221 234
57. R Boushel H Langberg J Olesen 2001 Monitoring tissue oxygen availability with near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in health and disease Scand J Med Sci Sports 11 213 222
58. FA Howe SP Robinson DJ McIntyre 2001 Issues in flow and oxygenation dependent contrast (FLOOD) imaging of tumors NMR Biomed 14 497 506
59. JS Taylor PS Tofts R Port 1999 MR imaging of tumor microcirculation: promise for the new millennium J Magn Reson Imaging 10 903 907
60. HJ Halpern C Yu M Peric 1994 Oxymetry deep in tissues with low-frequency electron paramagnetic resonance Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91 13047 13051
61. HM Swartz RB Clarkson 1998 The measurement of oxygen in vivo using EPR techniques Phys Med Biol 43 1957 1975
62. HM Swartz T Walczak 1998 Developing in vivo EPR oximetry for clinical use Adv Exp Med Biol 454 243 252
63. JA Loncaster BM Carrington JR Skyes 2002 Prediction of radiotherapy outcome using dynamic contrast enhanced MRI of carcinoma of the cervix Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 54 759 767
64. BJ Krausse R Beck M Souvatzoglou M Piert 2006 PET and PET/CT studies of tumor tissue oxygenation Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 50 28 43
65. O Warburg 1956 On the origin of the cancer cells Science 123 309 314
66. JR Ballinger 2001 Imaging hypoxia in tumors Semin Nucl Med 31 321 329
67. SS Jurisson JD Lydon 1999 Potential technetium small molecule radiopharmaceuticals Chem Rev 99 2205 2218
68. DE Reichert JS Lewis CJ Anderson 1999 Metal complexes as diagnostic tools Coord Chem Rev 184 3 66
69. MA Méndez-Rojas BI Kharisov AY Tsivadze 2006 Recent advances on technetium complexes: coordination chemistry and medical applications J Coord Chem 59 1 63
70. 99mTc]N-benzyl-3,4-di-(N-mercaptoethyl)-amino- pyrrolidines (P-BAT) Nucl Med Biol 26 217 224
71. MB Mallia S Subramanian S Banerjee 2006 Evaluation of 99mTc(CO)3 complex of 2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole as an agent for targeting tumor hypoxia Bioorg Med Chem 14 7666 7670
72. JD Chapman 1979 Current concepts in cancer. Hypoxia sensitizers- implications for radiation therapy N Eng J Med 301 1429 1432
73. A Nunn K Linder HW Strauss 1995 Nitroimidazole and imaging hypoxia Eur J Nucl Med 22 265 280
74. N Raju K Ramalingam DP Nowotnik 1992 Syntheses of some nitroimidazole substituted boronic acids: precursors to technetium-99m complexes with potential for imaging hypoxic tissue Tetrahedron 48 10233 10238
75. R Hodgkiss 1998 Use of 2-nitroimidazoles as bioreductive markers for tumor hypoxia Anticancer Drug Des 13 687 702
76. AM Rauth T Melo V Misra 1998 Bioreductive therapies: an overview of drugs and their mechanisms of action Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 42 755 762
77. KA Krohn JM Link RP Mason 2008 Molecular imaging of hypoxia J Nucl Med 49 129S 148S
78. HW Strauss A Nunn K Linder 1995 Nitroimidazoles for imaging hypoxic myocardium J Nucl Cardiol 2 437 445
79. KE Linder YW Chan JE Cyr 1993 Synthesis, characterization, and in vitro evaluation of nitroimidazole-BATO complexes: new technetium compounds designed for imaging hypoxic tissue Bioconj Chem 4 326 333
80. Nunn AD, Feld TA, Treher EN (1987) Boronic acid adducts of technetium-99m dioxime complexes. US Patent 4,705,849, 10 Nov 1987
81. EN Treher LC Francesconi JZ Gougoutas 1989 Mono-capped tris(dioxime) complexes of technetium (III): synthesis and structural characterization of TcX(dioxime)3B-R(X=Cl, Br, dioxime dimethylglyoxime cyclohexanedione dioxime; R=CH3,C4H9) Inorg Chem 28 3411 3416
82. RK Narra AD Nunn BL Kuczynski 1989 A neutral technetium-99m complex for myocardial imaging J Nucl Med 30 1830 1837
83. KE Linder YW Chan JE Cyr 1994 99TcO(PnAO-1-2-nitroimidazole) [BMS-181321], a new technetium-containing nitroimidazole complex for imaging hypoxia: synthesis, characterization and xanthine oxidase-catalyzed reduction J Med Chem 37 9 17
84. K Ramalingam N Raju P Nanjappan DP Nowotnik 1995 Synthesis of nitroimidazole substituted 3,3,9,9-tetramethyl-4,8-diazaundecane-2,10-dione dioximes (propylene amine oximes, PnAOs): ligands for technetium-99m complexes with potential for imaging hypoxic tissue Tetrahedron 51 2875 2894
85. KE Linder JE Cyr Y-W Chan 1994 Effect of substituents on physiochemical and biological behavior of Tc-PnAO nitroimidazoles J Nucl Med 35 18P
86. P Nanjappann N Raju K Ramalingam DP Nowotnik 1994 An efficient synthesis of some 6-substituted 4,8.diaza-3,3,9,9-tetramethylundeca-2,10-dione dioximes (propylene amine oximas, PnAOs): ligands for 99mTc complexes used in structure distribution relationship (SDR) studies Tetrahedron 50 8617 8632
87. Archer CM, Binke JF, Canning LR et al (1999) Radiometal complexes that localize in hypoxic tissue. US Patent 5,997,843, 7 Dec 1999
88. Linder K, Nunn AD, Nowotnik DP et al (2005) Rhenium and technetium complexes containing a hypoxia-localizing moiety. US Patent 6,958,141 B2, 25 Oct 2005
89. H Xu T Chu X Wang X Liu 2005 Facile synthesis of bis(hydroxyamamide) based tetradentate ligands for 99mTc-radiopharmaceutical Appl Radiat Isot 62 919 922
90. Ramalingam K (2005) Methods of synthesizing heteroatom-bearing ligands and intermediate used thereof. US Patent 6,933,391 B2, 23 Aug 2005
91. X Zhang T Melo AM Rauth JR Ballinger 2001 Cellular accumulation and retention of the technetium-99m-labelled hypoxia markers BRU59-21 and butylene amine oxime Nucl Med Biol 28 949 957
92. T Melo J Duncan JR Balinger AM Rauth 2000 BRU59-21 a second-generation 99mTc-labeled 2-nitroimidazole for imaging hypoxia in tumors J Nucl Med 41 169 176
93. FJP Hoebers HLK Janssen RAV Olmos 2002 Phase 1 study to identify tumor hypoxia in patients with head and neck cancer using technetium-99m BRU 59-21 Eur J Nucl Med 29 1206 1211
94. S Murugesen SJ Shetty OPD Noronha 2001 Technetium-99m-cyclam AK 2123: a novel marker for tumor hypoxia Appl Radiat Isot 54 81 88
95. X Liang PJ Sadler 2004 Cyclam complexes and their applications in medicine Crit Rev 33 246 266
96. S Kinuya K Yokoyama M Fukuoka 2005 Anti-angiogenic therapy and chemotherapy affect 99mTc sestamibi and 99mTc-HL91 accumulation differently in tumour xenografts Nucl Med Commun 26 1067 1073
97. F Riché AM d'Hardemare S Sèpe 2001 Nitroimidazoles and hypoxia imaging: synthesis of three technetium-99m complexes bearing a nitroimidazole group: biological results Bioorg Med Chem Lett 11 71 74
98. K Ramalingam N Raju P Nanjappan 1994 The synthesis and in vitro evaluation of a 99mtechenetium-nitroimidazole complex based on a bis(amino-phenol) ligand: comparison to BMS-181321 J Med Chem 37 4155 4163
99. Bormans G, Cleynhens B, Groot et al (2003) Synthesis radio-LC-MS analysis and biodistribution in mice of 99mTc-NIM-BAT. J Label Compd Radiopharm 46:575-585
100. WA Volkert TJ Hoffman RM Seger 1984 99mTc-propylene amine oxime 99mTc-PnAO); a potential brain radiopharmaceutical Eur J Nucl Med 9 511 516
101. Archer CM, Edwards B, Kelly JD (1995) Technetium-labeled agents for imaging tissue hypoxia in vivo. In: Nicolini M, Bandoli G, Mazzi U (eds) Technetium and rhenium in chemistry and nuclear medicine. SG Editoriali, Padova, pp 535-539
102. X Zhang T Melo JR Ballinger AM Rauth 1998 Studies of 99mTc-BnAO (HL-91): a non-nitroaromatic compound for hypoxic cell detection Int J Radiation Oncology Biol Phys 42 737 740
103. K Imahashi K Morishita H Kusuoka 2000 Kinetics of a putative hypoxic tracer, 99mTc-HL91, in a normoxic, hypoxic, ischemic, and stunned myocardium J Nucl Med 41 1102 1107
104. T Suzuki K Nakamura T Kawase A Kubo 2003 Monitoring of response to radiation therapy for human tumor xenografts using 99mTc-HL91 (4,9-diaza-3,3,10,10-tetramethyldodecan-2,11-dione dioxime) Ann Nucl Med 17 131 138
105. Kasina S (2007) Bridged aromatic substituted amine ligands with donor atoms. US Patent 7,268,220 B2, 11 Sep 2007
106. T Chu R Li S Hu 2004 Preparation and biodistribution of technetium-99m-labeled 1-(2-nitroimidazole-1-yl)propanhydroxyiminoamide (N2IPA) as a tumor hypoxia marker Nucl Med Biol 31 199 203
107. T Chu S Hu B Wei 2004 Synthesis and biological results of the technetium-99m-labeled 4-nitroimidazole for imaging tumor hypoxia Bioorg Med Chem Lett 14 747 749
108. Y Zhang T Chu X Gao 2006 Synthesis and preliminary biological evaluation of the 99mTc labelled nitrobenzoimidazole and nitrotriazole as tumor hypoxia markers Bioorg Med Chem Lett 16 1831 1833
109. MB Mallia S Subramanian A Mathur 2008 On the isolation and evaluation of a novel unsubstituted 5-nitroimidazole derivative as an agent to target tumor hypoxia Bioorg Med Chem Lett 18 5233 5237
110. AR Jalilian M Bineshmarvasti 2006 Synthesis, radiolabeling and stability of new nitrophenol complexes of 99mTc as possible hypoxia imaging radiopharmaceuticals J Radioanal Nucl Med 267 169 173