Eye-blink conditioning deficits indicate temporal processing abnormalities in schizophrenia

Schizophrenia Research

Volumn 111, Issue 1-3, 2009, Pages 182-191

  Bolbecker, Amanda R ^a,c   Mehta, Crystal S ^a,c   Edwards, Chad R ^a   Steinmetz, Joseph E ^d   O'Donnell, Brian F ^a,b,c   Hetrick, William P ^a,b,c  

^a INDIANA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b INDIANA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c Larue D Carter Memorial Hospital   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS   (United States)

Author keywords

Cerebellum; Cognitive; Delusions; Eye blink conditioning; Hallucinations; Psychosis; Schizophrenia; Timing

Indexed keywords

CHLORPROMAZINE;

ADULT; ARTICLE; CEREBELLUM DISEASE; COGNITION; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; ELECTROMYOGRAM; EYELID REFLEX; FEMALE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TEST; POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE SYNDROME SCALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SCHIZOPHRENIA; WECHSLER INTELLIGENCE SCALE;

ACOUSTIC STIMULATION; ADULT; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; CEREBELLAR DISEASES; COGNITION DISORDERS; CONDITIONING, EYELID; ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; EXTINCTION, PSYCHOLOGICAL; FEMALE; HUMANS; INTELLIGENCE TESTS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; PHYSICAL STIMULATION; REACTION TIME; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SCHIZOPHRENIC PSYCHOLOGY;

EID: 67349094538     PISSN: 09209964     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2009.03.016     Document Type: Article

References (68)

1. Anand B., Malhotra C., Singh B., and Dua A. Cerebellar projections to limbic system. J. Neurophysiol. 22 4 (1959) 451-457
2. Andreasen N.C. A unitary model of schizophrenia: Bleuler's "fragmented phrene" as schizencephaly. Arch Gen Psychiatry 56 9 (1999) 781-787
3. Andreasen N.C., and Pierson R. The role of the cerebellum in schizophrenia. Biol. Psychiatry 64 2 (2008) 81-88 (Electronic publication 2008 Apr 8)
4. Andreasen N.C., Flaum M., Swayze II V., O'Leary D.S., Alliger R., Cohen G., Ehrhardt J., and Yuh W.T. Intelligence and brain structure in normal individuals. Am. J. Psychiatry 150 1 (1993) 130-134
5. Andreasen N.C., Paradiso S., O, and ' Leary D.S. "Cognitive dysmetria" as an integrative theory of schizophrenia: a dysfunction in cortical-subcortical-cerebellar circuitry?. Schizophr. Bull. 24 2 (1998) 203-218
6. Baillieux H., Smet H.J., Paquier P.F., De Deyn P.P., and Mariën P. Cerebellar neurocognition: insights into the bottom of the brain. Clin. Neurol. Neurosurg. 110 8 (2008) 763-773
7. Bolbecker A.R., Mehta C., Johannesen J., Edwards C.R., Tracy J.A., O'Donnell B.F., Shekhar A., Nurnberger J.I., and Hetrick W.P. Eye-blink conditioning anomalies in bipolar disorder suggest cerebellar dysfunction. Bipolar Disord. 11 1 (2008) 19-32
8. Bolbecker A.R., Hetrick W.P., Johannesen J.K., O'Donnell B.F., Steinmetz J.E., and Shekhar A.S. Secretin effects on cerebellar-dependent motor learning in schizophrenia. Am. J. Psychiatry (2009) (Electronic publication 2009 Feb 17)
9. Bressler S.L. Cortical coordination dynamics and the disorganization syndrome in schizophrenia. Neuropsychopharmacology 28 Suppl. 1 (2003) 35-39
10. Brown S.M., Kieffaber P.D., Carroll C.A., Vohs J.L., Tracy J.A., Shekhar A., O'Donnell B.F., Steinmetz J.E., and Hetrick W.P. Eye-blink conditioning deficits indicate timing and cerebellar abnormalities in schizophrenia. Brain Cogn. 58 1 (2005) 94-108 (Electronic publication 2005 Jan 4)
11. Christian K.M., and Thompson R.F. Neural substrates of eyeblink conditioning: acquisition and retention. Learn. Mem. 10 6 (2003) 427-455
12. Cohen J. Eta-squared and partial eta-squared in communication science. Hum. Comm. Res. 28 (1973) 473-490
13. Eastwood S.L., Cotter D., and Harrison P.J. Cerebellar synaptic protein expression in schizophrenia. Neuroscience 105 1 (2001) 219-229
14. Edwards C.R., Newman S., Bismark A., Skosnik P.D., O'Donnell B.F., Shekhar A., Steinmetz J.E., and Hetrick W.P. Cerebellum volume and eye-blink conditioning in schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res. 162 3 (2008) 185-194 (Electronic publication 2008 Jan 28)
15. Fatemi S.H., Stary J.M., Earle J.A., Araghi-Niknam M., and Eagan E. GABAergic dysfunction in schizophrenia and mood disorders as reflected by decreased levels of glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 and 67 kDa and Reelin proteins in cerebellum. Schizophr. Res. 72 2-3 (2005) 109-122
16. Fiala J.C., Grossberg S., and Bullock D. Metabotropic glutamate receptor activation in cerebellar Purkinje cells as substrate for adaptive timing of the classically conditioned eye-blink response. J. Neurosci. 16 11 (1996) 3760-3774
17. Franks V., and Franks C. Conditionability in defectives and in normals related to intelligence and organic deficit: The application of a learning theory model to a study of the learning process in the mental defective. In: Richards B. (Ed). Proceedings of the London Conference on the Scientific Study of Mental Deficiency (1960), Dagenham, England: May and Baker (1996)
18. Friston K.J. The disconnection hypothesis. Schizophr. Res. 30 2 (1998) 115-125
19. Garcia K.S., and Mauk M.D. Pharmacological analysis of cerebellar contributions to the timing and expression of conditioned eyelid responses. Neuropharmacology 37 4-5 (1998) 471-480
20. Garcia K.S., Steele P.M., and Mauk M.D. Cerebellar cortex lesions prevent acquisition of conditioned eyelid responses. J. Neurosci. 19 24 (1999) 10940-10947
21. Gerwig M., Hajjar K., Dimitrova A., Maschke M., Kolb F.P., Frings M., Thilmann A.F., Forsting M., Diener H.C., and Timmann D. Timing of conditioned eye-blink responses is impaired in cerebellar patients. J. Neurosci. 25 15 (2005) 3919-3931
22. Green M.F., and Nuechterlein K.H. Cortical oscillations and schizophrenia: timing is of the essence. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 56 11 (1999) 1007-1008
23. Hermann B., Seidenberg M., Sears L., Hansen R., Bayless K., Rutecki P., and Dow C. Cerebellar atrophy in temporal lobe epilepsy affects procedural memory. Neurology 63 11 (2004) 2129-2131
24. Ho B., Mola C., and Andreasen N.C. Cerebellar dysfunction in neuroleptic naïve schizophrenia patients: clinical, cognitive, and neuroanatomic correlates of cerebellar neurologic signs. Biol. Psychiatry 55 12 (2004) 1146-1153
25. Hofer E., Doby D., Anderer P., and Dantendorfer K. Impaired conditional discrimination learning in schizophrenia. Schizophr. Res. 51 2-3 (2001) 127-136
26. Ichimiya T., Okubo Y., Suhara T., and Sudo Y. Reduced volume of the cerebellar vermis in neuroleptic-naïve schizophrenia. Biol. Psychiatry 49 1 (2001) 20-27
27. Impagnatiello F., Guidotti A.R., Pesold C., Dwivedi Y., Caruncho H., Pisu M.G., Uzunov D.P., Smalheiser N.R., Davis J.M., Pandey G.N., Pappas G.D., Tueting P., Sharma R.P., and Costa E. A decrease of reelin expression as a putative vulnerability factor in schizophrenia. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 95 26 (1998) 15718-15723
28. Ivry R.B., and Keele S.W. Timing of functions of the cerebellum. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 1 2 (1989) 136-152
29. Ivry R.B., Keele S.W., and Diener H.C. Dissociation of the lateral and medial cerebellum in movement timing and movement execution. Exp. Brain Res. 73 1 (1988) 167-180
30. Katz D.B., and Steinmetz J.E. Psychological functions of the cerebellum. Behav. Cogn. Neurosci. Rev. 1 3 (2002) 229-241
31. Kay S.R., Fiszbein A., and Opler L.A. The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophr. Bull. 13 (1987) 261-276
32. Kim J.J., and Thompson R.F. Cerebellar circuits and synaptic mechanisms involved in classical eyeblink conditioning. Trends Neurosci. 20 4 (1997) 177-181
33. Kyosseva S.V. The role of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway in cerebellar abnormalities in schizophrenia. Cerebellum 3 2 (2004) 94-99
34. Lang P.J., and Greenwald M.K. The International Affective Picture System standardization procedure and initial group results for affective judgements: technical report 1A. The Center for Research in Psychophysiology (1988), University of Florida, Gainseville, FL
35. Lavond D.G. Mammalian brain substrates of aversive classical conditioning. Annu. Rev. Psychol. 44 (1993) 317-342
36. Lavond D.G. Role of the nuclei in eye-blink conditioning. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 978 1 (2002) 93-105
37. Lee M., Chen L., Chow B.K.C., and Yung W.H. Endogenous release and multiple actions of secretin in the rat cerebellum. J. Neurosci. 134 2 (2005) 377-386
38. Leiner H.C., Leiner A.L., and Dow R.S. The human cerebrocerebellar system: its computing, cognitive, and language skills. Behav. Brain Res. 44 2 (1991) 113-128
39. Leiner H.C., Leiner A.L., and Dow R.S. Cognitive and language functions of the human cerebellum. Trends Neurosci. 16 11 (1993) 444-447
40. Marenco S., Weinberger D.R., and Scheurs B.G. Single-cue delay and trace classical conditioning in schizophrenia. Biol. Psychiatry 53 5 (2003) 390-402
41. Nopoulos P.C., Ceilly J.W., Gailis E.A., and Andreasen N.C. An MRI study of cerebellar vermis morphology in patients with schizophrenia: evidence in support of the cognitive dysmetria concept. Biol. Psychiatry 46 5 (1999) 703-711
42. Okugawa G., Nobuhara K., Minami T., Takase K., Sugimoto T., Saito Y., Yoshimura M., and Kinoshita T. Neural disorganization in the superior cerebellar peduncle and cognitive abnormality in patients with schizophrenia: a diffusion tensor imaging study. Prog. Neuro-psychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry 30 8 (2006) 1408-1412 (Electronic publication 2006)
43. Paradiso S., Andreasen N.C., O'Leary D.S., Arndt S., and Robinson R.G. Cerebellar size and cognition: correlations with IQ, verbal memory and motor dexterity. Neuropsychiatry Neuropsychol. Behav. Neurol. 10 1 (1997) 1-8
44. Paulus M.P., and Braff D.L. Chaos and schizophrenia: does the method fit the madness?. Biol. Psychiatry 53 1 (2003) 3-11
45. Perrett S.P., Ruiz B.P., and Mauk M.D. Cerebellar cortex lesions disrupt learning-dependent timing of conditioned eyelid responses. J. Neurosci. 13 4 (1993) 1708-1718
46. Reyes M.G., and Gordon A. Cerebellar vermis in schizophrenia. Lancet 2 8248 (1981) 700-701
47. Schlösser R., Gesierich T., Kaufmann B., Vucurevic G., Hunsche S., Gawehn J., and Stoeter P. Altered effective connectivity during working memory performance in schizophrenia: a study with fMRI and structural equation modeling. Neuroimage 19 3 (2003) 751-763
48. Schmahmann J.D. The cerebrocerebellar system: anatomic substrates of the cerebellar contribution to cognition and emotion. Int. Rev. Psychiatry 13 (2001) 247-260
49. Schmahmann J.D. The cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome: clinical correlations of the dysmetria of thought hypothesis. Int. Rev. Psychiatry. 13 (2001) 313-322
50. Schmahmann J.D. Disorders of the cerebellum: ataxia, dysmetria of thought, and the cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome. J. Neuropsychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 16 3 (2004) 367-378
51. Schmahmann J.D., and Pandya D.N. Prefrontal cortex projections to the basilar pons: implications for the cerebellar contribution to higher function. Neurosci. Lett. 199 3 (1995) 175-178
52. Schmahmann J.D., and Sherman J.C. Cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome. Int. Rev. Neurobiol. 41 (1997) 433-440
53. Schmahmann J.D., and Sherman J.C. The cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome. Brain 121 4 (1998) 561-579
54. Schutter D.J., and van Honk J. The cerebellum on the rise in human emotion. Cerebellum 4 4 (2005) 290-294
55. Sears L.L., Finn P.R., and Steinmetz J.E. Abnormal classical eye-blink conditioning in autism. J. Autism Dev. Disord. 24 6 (1994) 737-751
56. Sears L.L., Andreasen N.C., and O'Leary D.S. Cerebellar functional abnormalities in schizophrenia are suggested by classical eye-blink conditioning. Biol. Psychiatry 48 3 (2000) 204-209
57. Snider R., Maiti A., and Snider S. Cerebellar pathways to ventral midbrain and nigra. Exp. Neurol. 53 3 (1976) 714-728
58. Spain B. Eyelid conditioning and arousal in schizophrenic and normal subjects. J. Abnorm. Psychol. 71 4 (1966) 260-266
59. Spencer R.M., Zelaznik H.N., Diedrichsen J., and Ivry R.B. Disrupted timing of discontinuous but not continuous movements by cerebellar lesions. Science 300 5624 (2003) 1437-1439
60. Steinmetz J.E. Brain substrates of classical eye-blink conditioning: a highly localized but also distributed system. Behav. Brain Res. 110 1-2 (2000) 13-24
61. Steinmetz J.E., Lavond D.G., Ivkovich D., Logan C.G., and Thompson R.F. Disruption of classical eyelid conditioning after cerebellar lesions: damage to a memory trace system or a simple performance deficit? J. Neuroscience 12 11 (1992) 4403-4426
62. Steinmetz J.E., Kim J., and Thompson R.F. Biological models of associative learning. In: Gallagher M., and Nelson R. (Eds). Handbook of Psychology vol. 3 (2002), Wiley, New York 499-541
63. Tononi G., and Edelman G.M. Schizophrenia and the mechanisms of conscious integration. Brain Res. Rev. 31 2-3 (2000) 391-400
64. Tran K.D., Smutzer G.S., Doty R.L., and Arnold S.E. Reduced Purkinje cell size in the cerebellar vermis of elderly patients with schizophrenia. Am. J. Psychiatry 155 9 (1998) 1288-1290
65. Wang F., Sun Z., Du X., Wang X., Cong Z., Zhang H., Zhang D., and Hong N. A diffusion tensor imaging study of middle and superior cerebellar peduncle in male patients with schizophrenia. Neurosci. Lett. 348 3 (2003) 135-138
66. Wassink T.H., Andreasen N.C., Nopoulos P., and Faum M. Cerebellar morphology as a predictor of symptoms and psychosocial outcome in schizophrenia. Biol. Psychiatry 45 1 (1999) 41-48
67. Woodruff-Pak D.S., Goldenberg G., Downey-Lamb M.M., Boyko O.B., and Lemieux S.K. Cerebellar volume in humans related to magnitude of classical conditioning. Neuroreport 11 3 (2000) 609-615
68. Yeo C.H., Hardiman M.J., and Glickstein M. Classical conditioning of the nictitating membrane response of the rabbit. II. Lesions of the cerebellar cortex. Exp. Brain Res. 60 1 (1985) 99-113