Monocytes and their pathophysiological role in Crohn's disease

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences

Volumn 66, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 192-202

  Zhou, L ^a   Braat, H ^a   Faber, K N ^a   Dijkstra, G ^a   Peppelenbosch, M P ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER GRONINGEN   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Crohn's disease; Immune balance; Monocytes; Susceptibility genes

Indexed keywords

ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; AZATHIOPRINE; CD14 ANTIGEN; CD16 ANTIGEN; CERTOLIZUMAB PEGOL; ETANERCEPT; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENT; INFLIXIMAB; INTERLEUKIN 12; INTERLEUKIN 23; MERCAPTOPURINE; TIOGUANINE;

ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION; ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY; ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY; CELL ACTIVATION; CELL FUNCTION; CLINICAL EFFECTIVENESS; CLINICAL FEATURE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CROHN DISEASE; CYTOKINE RELEASE; DISEASE ACTIVITY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; GASTROINTESTINAL MUCOSA; GENE MUTATION; GENETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY; HELICOBACTER PYLORI; HISTOPATHOLOGY; HUMAN; IMMUNE RESPONSE; IMMUNOPATHOLOGY; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE TREATMENT; INFECTION RISK; INNATE IMMUNITY; INTESTINE ULCER; MOLECULAR RECOGNITION; MONOCYTE; MUCOSAL IMMUNITY; MYCOBACTERIOSIS; MYCOBACTERIUM PARATUBERCULOSIS; NONHUMAN; PATHOGENESIS; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; REMISSION; REVIEW; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; SIDE EFFECT; TH1 CELL; TH17 CELL; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

CROHN DISEASE; GENETIC PREDISPOSITION TO DISEASE; HUMANS; IMMUNE SYSTEM; INTERLEUKIN-12; INTERLEUKIN-23; INTESTINAL MUCOSA; MONOCYTES; RECEPTORS, CHEMOKINE; TH1 CELLS;

EID: 59149099611     PISSN: 1420682X     EISSN: 15691632     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00018-008-8308-7     Document Type: Review

References (74)

1. Baumgart D. C. and Sandborn W. J. (2007) Inflammatory bowel disease: clinical aspects and established and evolving therapies. Lancet, 369, 1641-1657.
2. Heresbach D., Alexandre J. L., Branger B., Bretagne J. F., Cruchant E., Dabadie Artois-Hoguin M., Girardot P. M., Jouanolle H., Kerneis J., Le Verger J. C., Louvain V., Politis J., Richecoeur M., Robaszkiewicz M., and Seyrig J. A. (2005) Frequency and significance of granulomas in a cohort of incident cases of Crohn's disease. Gut, 54, 215-222.
3. Serbina N. V. and Pamer E. G. (2006) Monocyte emigration from bone marrow during bacterial infection requires signals mediated by chemokine receptor C. C.R2. Nat. Immunol., 7, 311-317.
4. Kamada N., Hisamatsu T., Okamoto S., Chinen H., Kobayashi T., Sato T., Sakuraba A., Kitazume M. T., Sugita A., Koganei K., Akagawa K. S., and Hibi T. (2008) Unique CD14 intestinal macrophages contribute to the pathogenesis of Crohn disease via IL-23/IFN-gamma axis. J. Clin. Invest, 118, 2269-2280.
5. Smythies L. E., Maheshwari A., Clements R., Eckhoff D., Novak L., Vu H. L., Mosteller-Barnum L. M., Sellers M., and Smith P. D. (2006) Mucosal IL-8 and TGF-beta recruit blood monocytes: evidence for cross-talk between the lamina propria stroma and myeloid cells. J. Leukoc. Biol., 80, 492-499.
6. Geissmann F., Jung S., and Littman D. R. (2003) Blood monocytes consist of two principal subsets with distinct migratory properties. Immunity, 19, 71-82.
7. Fogg D. K., Sibon C., Miled C., Jung S., Aucouturier P., Littman D. R., Cumano A., and Geissmann F. (2006) A clonogenic bone marrow progenitor specific for macrophages and dendritic cells. Science, 311, 83-87.
8. Varol C., Landsman L., Fogg D. K., Greenshtein L., Gildor B., Margalit R., Kalchenko V., Geissmann F., and Jung S. (2007) Monocytes give rise to mucosal, but not splenic, conventional dendritic cells. J. Exp. Med., 204, 171-180.
9. Auffray C., Fogg D., Garfa M., Elain G., Join-Lambert O., Kayal S., Sarnacki S., Cumano A., Lauvau G., and Geissmann F. (2007) Monitoring of blood vessels and tissues by a population of monocytes with patrolling behavior. Science, 317, 666-670.
10. Schenkel A. R., Mamdouh Z., Chen X., Liebman R. M., and Muller W. A. (2002) CD99 plays a major role in the migration of monocytes through endothelial junctions. Nat. Immunol., 3, 143-150.
11. Li H., Chehade M., Liu W., Xiong H., Mayer L., and Berin M. C. (2007) Allergen-IgE complexes trigger CD23-dependent CCL20 release from human intestinal epithelial cells. Gastroenterology, 133, 1905-1915.
12. Wapenaar M. C., Monsuur A. J., van Bodegraven A. A., Weersma R. K., Bevova M. R., Linskens R. K., Howdle P., Holmes G., Mulder C. J., Dijkstra G., van Heel D. A., and Wijmenga C. (2008) Associations with tight junction genes PARD3 and MAGI2 in Dutch patients point to a common barrier defect for coeliac disease and ulcerative colitis. Gut, 57, 463-467.
13. Mazmanian S. K., Round J. L., and Kasper D. L. (2008) A microbial symbiosis factor prevents intestinal inflammatory disease. Nature, 453, 620-625.
14. Wehkamp J., Salzman N. H., Porter E., Nuding S., Weichenthal M., Petras R. E., Shen B., Schaeffeler E., Schwab M., Linzmeier R., Feathers R. W., Chu H., Lima H., Jr., Fellermann K., Ganz T., Stange E. F., and Bevins C. L. (2005) Reduced Paneth cell alpha-defensins in ileal Crohn's disease. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 102, 18129-18134.
15. Barton G. M. and Medzhitov R. (2002) Toll-like receptors and their ligands. Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol., 270, 81-92.
16. Janeway C. A., Jr. and Medzhitov R. (2002) Innate immune recognition. Annu. Rev. Immunol., 20, 197-216.
17. Jiang Q., Akashi S., Miyake K., and Petty H. R. (2000) Lipopolysaccharide induces physical proximity between CD14 and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) prior to nuclear translocation of NF-kappa B. J. Immunol., 165, 3541-3544.
18. Chow J. C., Young D. W., Golenbock D. T., Christ W. J., and Gusovsky F. (1999) Toll-like receptor-4 mediates lipopolysaccharide-induced signal transduction. J. Biol. Chem., 274, 10689-10692.
19. Delale T., Paquin A., Asselin-Paturel C., Dalod M., Brizard G., Bates E. E., Kastner P., Chan S., Akira S., Vicari A., Biron C. A., Trinchieri G., and Briere F. (2005) MyD88-dependent and -independent murine cytomegalovirus sensing for IFN-alpha release and initiation of immune responses in vivo. J. Immunol., 175, 6723-6732.
20. Braat H., Stokkers P., Hommes T., Cohn D., Vogels E., Pronk I., Spek A., van K. A., van D. S., Peppelenbosch M., and Hommes D. (2005) Consequence of functional Nod2 and Tlr4 mutations on gene transcription in Crohn's disease patients. J. Mol. Med., 83, 601-609.
21. Nauseef W. M. (2007) How human neutrophils kill and degrade microbes: an integrated view. Immunol. Rev., 219, 88-102.
22. Du P. L. (2004) Innate immunity in early chordates and the appearance of adaptive immunity. C. R. Biol., 327, 591-601.
23. Jutras I and Desjardins M. (2005) Phagocytosis: at the crossroads of innate and adaptive immunity. Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol., 21, 511-527.
24. Ramachandra L., Noss E., Boom W. H., and Harding C. V. (2001) Processing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen 85B involves intraphagosomal formation of peptide-major histocompatibility complex II complexes and is inhibited by live bacilli that decrease phagosome maturation. J. Exp. Med., 194, 1421-1432.
25. Jutras I and Desjardins M. (2005) Phagocytosis: at the crossroads of innate and adaptive immunity. Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol., 21, 511-527.
26. Ackerman A. L. and Cresswell P. (2004) Cellular mechanisms governing cross-presentation of exogenous antigens. Nat. Immunol., 5, 678-684.
27. Kaufmann S. H. and Schaible U. E. (2005) Antigen presentation and recognition in bacterial infections. Curr. Opin. Immunol., 17, 79-87.
28. Crohn B. B., Ginzburg L., and Oppenheimer G. D. (2000) Regional ileitis: a pathologic and clinical entity. 1932. Mt. Sinai J. Med., 67, 263-268.
29. Sartor R. B. (2008) Microbial influences in inflammatory bowel diseases. Gastroenterology, 134, 577-594.
30. Behr M. A. and Kapur V. (2008) The evidence for Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in Crohn's disease. Curr. Opin. Gastroenterol., 24, 17-21.
31. Zhou Z. Y. and Luo H. S. (2006) Differential diagnosis between Crohn's disease and intestinal tuberculosis in China. Int. J. Clin. Pract., 60, 212-214.
32. Naser S. A., Ghobrial G., Romero C., and Valentine J. F. (2004) Culture of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis from the blood of patients with Crohn's disease. Lancet, 364, 1039-1044.
33. Selby W., Pavli P., Crotty B., Florin T., Radford-Smith G., Gibson P., Mitchell B., Connell W., Read R., Merrett M., Ee H., and Hetzel D. (2007) Two-year combination antibiotic therapy with clarithromycin, rifabutin, and clofazimine for Crohn's disease. Gastroenterology, 132, 2313-2319.
34. Sadlack B., Merz H., Schorle H., Schimpl A., Feller A. C., and Horak I. (1993) Ulcerative colitis-like disease in mice with a disrupted interleukin-2 gene. Cell, 75, 253-261.
35. Bamias G., Okazawa A., Rivera-Nieves J., Arseneau K. O., De La Rue S. A., Pizarro T. T., and Cominelli F. (2007) Commensal bacteria exacerbate intestinal inflammation but are not essential for the development of murine ileitis. J. Immunol., 178, 1809-1818.
36. van den Brande J. M., Koehler T. C., Zelinkova Z., Bennink R. J., te Velde A. A., ten Cate F. J., Van Deventer S. J., Peppelenbosch M. P., and Hommes D. W. (2007) Prediction of antitumour necrosis factor clinical efficacy by real-time visualisation of apoptosis in patients with Crohn's disease. Gut, 56, 509-517.
37. Bailon E., Comalada M., Roman J., Michelena P., Ramis I., Merlos M., Nieto A., Concha A., Zarzuelo A., and Galvez J. (2008) UR-1505, a salicylate able to selectively block T-cell activation, shows intestinal anti-inflammatory activity in the chronic phase of the DSS model of rat colitis. Inflamm. Bowel Dis., 14, 888-897.
38. Bailon E., Camuesco D., Nieto A., Concha A., Fernandez de A. A., Roman J., Ramis I., Merlos M., Zarzuelo A., Galvez J., and Comalada M. (2007) The intestinal anti-inflammatory effects of the novel agent UR-1505 in the TNBS model of rat colitis are mediated by T-lymphocyte inhibition. Biochem. Pharmacol., 74, 1496-1506.
39. Roman J., de Arriba A. F., Barron S., Michelena P., Giral M., Merlos M., Bailon E., Comalada M., Galvez J., Zarzuelo A., and Ramis I. (2007) UR-1505, a new salicylate, blocks T cell activation through nuclear factor of activated T cells. Mol. Pharmacol., 72, 269-279.
40. Kontoyiannis D., Boulougouris G., Manoloukos M., Armaka M., Apostolaki M., Pizarro T., Kotlyarov A., Forster I., Flavell R., Gaestel M., Tsichlis P., Cominelli F., and Kollias G. (2002) Genetic dissection of the cellular pathways and signaling mechanisms in modeled tumor necrosis factor-induced Crohn's-like inflammatory bowel disease. J. Exp. Med., 196, 1563-1574.
41. Mosmann T. R., Cherwinski H., Bond M. W., Giedlin M. A., and Coffman R. L. (1986) Two types of murine helper T cell clone. I. Definition according to profiles of lymphokine activities and secreted proteins. J. Immunol., 136, 2348-2357.
42. Neurath M. F., Finotto S., and Glimcher L. H. (2002) The role of Th1/Th2 polarization in mucosal immunity. Nat. Med., 8, 567-573.
43. Yen D., Cheung J., Scheerens H., Poulet F., McClanahan T., McKenzie B., Kleinschek M. A., Owyang A., Mattson J., Blumenschein W., Murphy E., Sathe M., Cua D. J., Kastelein R. A., and Rennick D. (2006) IL-23 is essential for T cell-mediated colitis and promotes inflammation via IL-17 and IL-6. J. Clin. Invest, 116, 1310-1316.
44. Kastelein R. A., Hunter C. A., and Cua D. J. (2007) Discovery and biology of IL-23 and IL-27: related but functionally distinct regulators of inflammation. Annu. Rev. Immunol., 25, 221-242.
45. Marks D. J., Harbord M. W., MacAllister R., Rahman F. Z., Young J., Al-Lazikani B., Lees W., Novelli M., Bloom S., and Segal A. W. (2006) Defective acute inflammation in Crohn's disease: a clinical investigation. Lancet, 367, 668-678.
46. Comalada M and Peppelenbosch M. P. (2006) Impaired innate immunity in Crohn's disease. Trends Mol. Med., 12, 397-399.
47. Korzenik J. R., Dieckgraefe B. K., Valentine J. F., Hausman D. F., and Gilbert M. J. (2005) Sargramostim for active Crohn's disease. N. Engl. J. Med., 352, 2193-2201.
48. Smith E., Zarbock A., Stark M. A., Burcin T. L., Bruce A. C., Foley P., and Ley K. (2007) IL-23 is required for neutrophil homeostasis in normal and neutrophilicmice. J. Immunol., 179, 8274-8279.
49. Shibata K., Yamada H., Hara H., Kishihara K., and Yoshikai Y. (2007) Resident Vdelta1+ gammadelta T cells control early infiltration of neutrophils after Escherichia coli infection via IL-17 production. J. Immunol., 178, 4466-4472.
50. Barrett J. C., Hansoul S., Nicolae D. L., Cho J. H., Duerr R. H., Rioux J. D., Brant S. R., Silverberg M. S., Taylor K. D., Barmada M. M., Bitton A., Dassopoulos T., Datta L. W., Green T., Griffiths A. M., Kistner E. O., Murtha M. T., Regueiro M. D., Rotter J. I., Schumm L. P., Steinhart A. H., Targan S. R., Xavier R. J., Libioulle C., Sandor C., Lathrop M., Belaiche J., Dewit O., Gut I., Heath S., Laukens D., Mni M., Rutgeerts P., Van G. A., Zelenika D., Franchimont D., Hugot J. P., De V. M., Vermeire S., Louis E., Cardon L. R., Anderson C. A., Drummond H., Nimmo E., Ahmad T., Prescott N. J., Onnie C. M., Fisher S. A., Marchini J., Ghori J., Bumpstead S., Gwilliam R., Tremelling M., Deloukas P., Mansfield J., Jewell D., Satsangi J., Mathew C. G., Parkes M., Georges M., and Daly M. J. (2008) Genome-wide association defines more than 30 distinct susceptibility loci for Crohn's disease. Nat. Genet., [Epub ahead of print].
51. Ogura Y., Inohara N., Benito A., Chen F. F., Yamaoka S., and Nunez G. (2001) Nod2, a Nod1/Apaf-1 family member that is restricted to monocytes and activates NF-kappaB. J. Biol. Chem., 276, 4812-4818.
52. Ogura Y., Bonen D. K., Inohara N., Nicolae D. L., Chen F. F., Ramos R., Britton H., Moran T., Karaliuskas R., Duerr R. H., Achkar J. P., Brant S. R., Bayless T. M., Kirschner B. S., Hanauer S. B., Nunez G., and Cho J. H. (2001) A frameshift mutation in NOD2 associated with susceptibility to Crohn's disease. Nature, 411, 603-606.
53. Hugot J. P., Chamaillard M., Zouali H., Lesage S., Cezard J. P., Belaiche J., Almer S., Tysk C., O'Morain C. A., Gassull M., Binder V., Finkel Y., Cortot A., Modigliani R., Laurent-Puig P., Gower-Rousseau C., Macry J., Colombel J. F., Sahbatou M., and Thomas G. (2001) Association of NOD2 leucine-rich repeat variants with susceptibility to Crohn's disease. Nature, 411, 599-603.
54. Wehkamp J., Harder J., Weichenthal M., Schwab M., Schaffeler E., Schlee M., Herrlinger K. R., Stallmach A., Noack F., Fritz P., Schroder J. M., Bevins C. L., Fellermann K., and Stange E. F. (2004) NOD2 (CARD15) mutations in Crohn's disease are associated with diminishedmucosal alpha-defensin expression. Gut, 53, 1658-1664.
55. Watanabe T., Kitani A., Murray P. J., and Strober W. (2004) NOD2 is a negative regulator of Toll-like receptor 2-mediated T helper type 1 responses. Nat. Immunol., 5, 800-808.
56. Yang Z., Fuss I. J., Watanabe T., Asano N., Davey M. P., Rosenbaum J. T., Strober W., and Kitani A. (2007) NOD2 transgenic mice exhibit enhanced MDP-mediated down-regulation of TLR2 responses and resistance to colitis induction. Gastroenterology, 133, 1510-1521.
57. van Beelen A. J., Zelinkova Z., Taanman-Kueter E. W., Muller F. J., Hommes D. W., Zaat S. A., Kapsenberg M. L., and de Jong E. C. (2007) Stimulation of the intracellular bacterial sensor NOD2 programs dendritic cells to promote interleukin-17 production in human memory T cells. Immunity, 27, 660-669.
58. Uhlig H. H., McKenzie B. S., Hue S., Thompson C., Joyce-Shaikh B., Stepankova R., Robinson N., Buonocore S., Tlaskalova-Hogenova H., Cua D. J., and Powrie F. (2006) Differential activity of IL-12 and IL-23 in mucosal and systemic innate immune pathology. Immunity, 25, 309-318.
59. Schmid D., Dengjel J., Schoor O., Stevanovic S., and Munz C. (2006) Autophagy in innate and adaptive immunity against intracellular pathogens. J. Mol. Med., 84, 194-202.
60. Lowenberg M., Verhaar A., van den B. B., ten K. F., van D. S., Peppelenbosch M., and Hommes D. (2005) Specific inhibition of c-Raf activity by semapimod induces clinical remission in severe Crohn's disease. J. Immunol., 175, 2293-2300.
61. Hommes D., van den B. B., Plasse T., Bartelsman J., Xu C., Macpherson B., Tytgat G., Peppelenbosch M., and van D. S. (2002) Inhibition of stress-activated MAP kinases induces clinical improvement in moderate to severe Crohn's disease. Gastroenterology, 122, 7-14.
62. Grip O., Bredberg A., Lindgren S., and Henriksson G. (2007) Increased subpopulations of CD16(+) and CD56(+) blood monocytes in patients with active Crohn's disease. Inflamm. Bowel Dis., 13, 566-572.
63. Sawada-Hase N., Kiyohara T., Miyagawa J., Ueyama H., Nishibayashi H., Murayama Y., Kashihara T., Nakahara M., Miyazaki Y., Kanayama S., Nezu R., Shinomura Y., and Matsuzawa Y. (2000) An increased number of CD40-high monocytes in patients with Crohn's disease. Am. J. Gastroenterol., 95, 1516-1523.
64. Zareie M., Singh P. K., Irvine E. J., Sherman P. M., McKay D. M., and Perdue M. H. (2001) Monocyte/macrophage activation by normal bacteria and bacterial products: implications for altered epithelial function in Crohn's disease. Am. J. Pathol., 158, 1101-1109.
65. Tiede I., Fritz G., Strand S., Poppe D., Dvorsky R., Strand D., Lehr H. A., Wirtz S., Becker C., Atreya R., Mudter J., Hildner K., Bartsch B., Holtmann M., Blumberg R., Walczak H., Iven H., Galle P. R., Ahmadian M. R., and Neurath M. F. (2003) CD28-dependent Rac1 activation is the molecular target of azathioprine in primary human CD4+ T lymphocytes. J. Clin. Invest, 111, 1133-1145.
66. Sandborn W., Sutherland L., Pearson D., May G., Modigliani R., and Prantera C. (2000) Azathioprine or 6-mercaptopurine for inducing remission of Crohn's disease. Cochrane. Database. Syst. Rev., CD000545.
67. Alfadhli A. A., McDonald J. W., and Feagan B. G. (2005) Methotrexate for induction of remission in refractory Crohn's disease. Cochrane. Database. Syst. Rev., CD003459.
68. van den Brande J. M., Braat H., Van Den Brink G. R., Versteeg H. H., Bauer C. A., Hoedemaeker I., van M. C., Hommes D. W., Peppelenbosch M. P., and Van Deventer S. J. (2003) Infliximab but not etanercept induces apoptosis in lamina propria T-lymphocytes from patients with Crohn's disease. Gastroenterology, 124, 1774-1785.
69. van den Brande J. M., Peppelenbosch M. P., and Van Deventer S. J. (2002) Treating Crohn's disease by inducing T lymphocyte apoptosis. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 973, 166-180.
70. Sandborn W. J., Hanauer S. B., Katz S., Safdi M., Wolf D. G., Baerg R. D., Tremaine W. J., Johnson T., Diehl N. N., and Zinsmeister A. R. (2001) Etanercept for active Crohn's disease: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Gastroenterology, 121, 1088-1094.
71. Nesbitt A., Fossati G., Bergin M., Stephens P., Stephens S., Foulkes R., Brown D., Robinson M., and Bourne T. (2007) Mechanism of action of certolizumab pegol (CDP870): in vitro comparison with other anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha agents. Inflamm. Bowel Dis., 13, 1323-1332.
72. Schreiber S., Rutgeerts P., Fedorak R. N., Khaliq-Kareemi M., Kamm M. A., Boivin M., Bernstein C. N., Staun M., Thomsen O. O., and Innes A. (2005) A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of certolizumab pegol (CDP870) for treatment of Crohn's disease. Gastroenterology, 129, 807-818.
73. Schreiber S., Khaliq-Kareemi M., Lawrance I. C., Thomsen O. O., Hanauer S. B., McColm J., Bloomfield R., and Sandborn W. J. (2007) Maintenance therapy with certolizumab pegol for Crohn's disease. N. Engl. J. Med., 357, 239-250.
74. D'Haens G., Baert F., van A. G., Caenepeel P., Vergauwe P., Tuynman H., De V. M., van D. S., Stitt L., Donner A., Vermeire S., Van de Mierop F. J., Coche J. C., van der W. J., Ochsenkuhn T., van Bodegraven A. A., Van Hootegem P. P., Lambrecht G. L., Mana F., Rutgeerts P., Feagan B. G., and Hommes D. (2008) Early combined immunosuppression or conventional management in patients with newly diagnosed Crohn's disease: an open randomised trial. Lancet, 371, 660-667.