Epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors for the treatment of colorectal cancer: A promise fulfilled?

ONCOLOGY

Volumn 18, Issue 4, 2004, Pages 479-488

  Damjamnov, Nevena ^a   Meropol, Neal J ^b  

^a TEMPLE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b FOX CHASE CANCER CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT; CETUXIMAB; EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR; ERLOTINIB; GEFITINIB; MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY; PROTEIN TYROSINE KINASE; QUINAZOLINE DERIVATIVE;

COLORECTAL TUMOR; DRUG ANTAGONISM; HUMAN; REVIEW;

ANTIBODIES, MONOCLONAL; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS; COLORECTAL NEOPLASMS; HUMANS; PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASES; QUINAZOLINES; RECEPTOR, EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR;

EID: 4544347232     PISSN: 08909091     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (91)

1. WeItman JK: The 1986 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine awarded for discovery of growth factors: Rita Levi-Montalcini, M.D., and Stanley Cohen, Ph.D. N Engl Reg Allergy Proc 8:47-48, 1987.
2. Cohen S: Isolation of a mouse submaxillary gland protein accelerating incisor eruption and eyelid opening in the new-born animal. J Biol Chem 237:1555-1562, 1962.
3. Taylor JM, Mitchell WM, Cohen S: Epidermal growth factor. Physical and chemical properties. J Biol Chem 247:5928-5934, 1972.
4. Starkey RH, Cohen S, Orth DN: Epidermal growth factor: Identification of a new hormone in human urine. Science 189:800-802, 1975.
5. Cohen S, Carpenter G: Huma epidermal growth factor: Isolation and chemical and biological properties. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 72:1317-1321, 1975.
6. Carpenter G, King L Jr, Cohen S: Epidermal growth factor stimulates phosphorylation in membrane preparations in vitro. Nature 276:409-410, 1978.
7. Cohen S, Carpenter G, King L Jr: Epidermal growth factor-receptor-protein kinase interactions. Co-purification of receptor and epidermal growth factor-enhanced phosphorylation activity. J Biol Chem 255:4834-4842, 1980.
8. Downward J, Yarden Y, Mayes E, et al: Close similarity of epidermal growth factor receptor and v-erb-B oncogene protein sequences. Nature 307:521-527, 1984.
9. Downward J, Parker P, Waterfield MD: Autophosphorylation sites on the epidermal growth factor receptor. Nature 311:483-485, 1984.
10. Goldstein NI, Prewett M, Zuklys K, et al: Biological efficacy of a chimeric antibody to the epidermal growth factor receptor in a human tumor xenograft model. Clin Cancer Res 1:1311-1318, 1995.
11. Harris AL, Nicholson S, Sainsbury JR, et al: Epidermal growth factor receptors in breast cancer: Association with early relapse and death, poor response to hormones and interactions with neu. J Steroid Biochem 34:123-131, 1989.
12. Hemming AW, Davis NL, Kluftinger A, et al: Prognostic markers of colorectal cancer: An evaluation of dna content, epidermal growth factor receptor, and Ki-67. J Surg Oncol 51:147-152, 1992.
13. Etienne MC, Formento JL, Lebrun-Frenay C, et al: Epidermal growth factor receptor and labeling index are independent prognostic factors in glial tumor outcome. Clin Cancer Res 4:2383-2390, 1998.
14. Klijn JG, Berns PM, Schmitz PI, et al: The clinical significance of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R) in human breast cancer: A review on 5232 patients. Endocr Rev 13:3-17, 1992.
15. Ozanne B, Richards CS, Hendler F, et al: Over-expression of the EGF receptor is a hallmark of squamous cell carcinomas. J Pathol 149:9-14, 1986.
16. Yamanaka Y, Friess H, Kobrin MS, et al: Coexpression of epidermal growth factor receptor and ligands in human pancreatic cancer is associated with enhanced tumor aggressiveness. Anticancer Res 13:565-569, 1993.
17. Schlessinger J: Cell signaling by receptor tyrosine kinases. Cell 103:211-225, 2000.
18. Yarden Y: The EGFR family and its ligands in human cancer. Signalling mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities. Eur J Cancer 37(suppl 4):S3-S8, 2001.
19. Threadgill DW, Dlugosz AA, Hansen LA, et al: Targeted disruption of mouse EGF receptor: Effect of genetic background on mutant phenotype. Science 269:230-234, 1995.
20. Miettinen PJ, Berger JE, Meneses J, et al: Epithelial immaturity and multiorgan failure in mice lacking epidermal growth factor receptor. Nature 376:337-341, 1995.
21. Sibilia M, Steinbach JP, Stingl L, et al: Strain-independent postnatal neurodegeneration in mice lacking the EGF receptor. EMBO J 17:719-731, 1998.
22. Arteaga CL: The epidermal growth factor receptor: From mutant oncogene in nonhuman cancers to therapeutic target in human neoplasia. J Clin Oncol 19(18 suppl):32S-40S, 2001.
23. Mendelsohn J: Targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor for cancer therapy. J Clin Oncol 20(18 suppl)1S-13S, 2002.
24. Hackel PO, Zwick E, Prenzel N, et al: Epidermal growth factor receptors: Critical mediators of multiple receptor pathways. Curr Opin Cell Biol 11:184-189, 1999.
25. Ekstrand AJ, James CD, Cavenee WK, et al: Genes for epidermal growth factor receptor, transforming growth factor alpha, and epidermal growth factor and their expression in human gliomas in vivo. Cancer Res 51:2164-2172, 1991.
26. Moscatello DK, Holgado-Madruga M, Godwin AK, et al: Frequent expression of a mutant epidermal growth factor receptor in multiple human tumors. Cancer Res 55:5536-5539, 1995.
27. Salomon DS, Brandt R, Ciardiello F, et al: Epidermal growth factor-related peptides and their receptors in human malignancies. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 19:183-232, 1995.
28. Grandis JR, Tweardy DJ, Melhem MF: Asynchronous modulation of transforming growth factor alpha and epidermal growth factor receptor protein expression in progression of premalignant lesions to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 4:13-20, 1998.
29. Hirai T, Kuwahara M, Yoshida K, et al: Clinical results of transhiatal esophagectomy for carcinoma of the lower thoracic esophagus according to biological markers. Dis Esophagus 11:221-225, 1998.
30. Mayer A, Takimoto M, Fritz E, et al: The prognostic significance of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, epidermal growth factor receptor, and mdr gene expression in colorectal cancer. Cancer 71:2454-2460, 1993.
31. Tateishi M, Ishida T, Kohdono S, et al: Prognostic influence of the co-expression of epidermal growth factor receptor and c-erbB-2 protein in human lung adenocarcinoma. Surg Oncol 3:109-113, 1994.
32. Saeki T, Salomon DS, Johnson GR, et al: Association of epidermal growth factor-related peptides and type i receptor tyrosine kinase receptors with prognosis of human colorectal carcinomas. Jpn J Clin Oncol 25:240-249, 1995.
33. Xia W, Lau YK, Zliang HZ, et al: Combination of EGFR, HER-2/neu, and HER-3 is a stronger predicior for the outcome of oral squamous cell carcinoma than any individual family members. Clin Cancer Res 5:4164-4174, 1999.
34. Khorana AA; Ryan CK, Eberly S, et al: EGFR expression and survival in stage II, III and IV colon cancer (abstract 1272). Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 22:317, 2003.
35. Chen X, Yeung TK, Wang Z: Enhanced drug resistance in cells coexpressing ErbB2 with EGF receptor or ErbB3. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 277:757-763, 2000.
36. Akimoto T, Hunter NR, Buchmiller L, et al: Inverse relationship between epidermal growth factor receptor expression and radiocurability of murine carcinomas. Clin Cancer Res 5:2884-2890, 1999.
37. Bruns CJ, Harbison MT, Davis DW, et al: Epidermal growth factor receptor blockade with C225 plus gemcitabine results in regression of human pancreatic carcinoma growing orthotopically in nude mice by antiangiogenic mechanisms. Clin Cancer Res 6:1936-1948, 2000.
38. Fan Z, Baselga J, Masui H, et al: Antitumor effect of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibodies plus cis-diamminedichloroplatinum on well established A431 cell xenografts. Cancer Res 53:4637-4642, 1993.
39. Prewett MC, Hooper AT, Bassi R, et al: Enhanced antitumor activity of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibody IMC-C225 in combination with irinotecan (CPT-11) against human colorectal tumor xenografts. Clin Cancer Res 8:994-1003, 2002.
40. Overholser JP, Prewett MC, Hooper AT, et al: Epidermal growth factor receptor blockade by antibody IMC-C225 inhibits growth of a human pancreatic carcinoma xenograft in nude mice. Cancer. 89:74-82, 2000.
41. Sirotnak FM, Zakowski MF, Miller VA, et al: Efficacy of cytotoxic agents against human tumor xenografts is markedly enhanced by coadministration of ZD1839 (Iressa), an inhibitor of EGFR tyrosine kinase. Clin Cancer Res 6:4885-4892, 2000.
42. Masui H, Kawamoto T, Sato JD, et al: Growth inhibition of human tumor cells in athymic mice by anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibodies. Cancer Res 44:1002-1007, 1984.
43. Wu X, Fan Z, Masui H, et al: Apoptosis induced by an anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibody in a human colorectal carcinoma cell line and its delay by insulin. J Clin Invest 95:1897-1905, 1995.
44. Moyer JD, Barbacci EG, Iwata KK, et al: Induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest by CP-358,774, an inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase. Cancer Res 57:4838-4848, 1997.
45. Perrotte P, Matsumoto T, Inoue K, et al: Anti-epidermal growth factor receptor antibody C225 inhibits angiogenesis in human transitional cell carcinoma growing orthotopically in nude mice. Clin Cancer Res 5:257-265, 1999.
46. Fan Z, Mendelsohn J, Masui H, et al: Regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor in NIH3T3/HER14 cells by antireceptor monoclonal antibodies. J Biol Chem 268:21073-21079, 1993.
47. Kedar D, Baker CH, Killion JJ, et al: Blockade of the epidermal growth factor receptor signaling inhibits angiogenesis leading to regression of human renal cell carcinoma growing orthotopically in nude mice. Clin Cancer Res 8:3592-3600, 2002.
48. Ciardiello F, Caputo R, Bianco R, et al: Inhibition of growth factor production and angiogenesis in human cancer cells by ZD1839 (Iressa), a selective epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Clin Cancer Res 7:1459-1465, 2001.
49. Karashima T, Sweeney P, Slaton JW, et al: Inhibition of angiogenesis by the antiepidermal growth factor receptor antibody ImClone C225 in androgen-independent prostate cancer growing orthotopically in nude mice. Clin Cancer Res 8:1253-1264, 2002.
50. Ennis BW, Lippman ME, Dickson RB: The EGF receptor system as a target for antitumor therapy. Cancer Invest 9:553-562, 1991.
51. Herbst RS, Shin DM: Monoclonal antibodies to target epidermal growth factor receptor-positive tumors: A new paradigm for cancer therapy. Cancer. 94:1593-1611, 2002.
52. Viloria-Petit A, Crombet T, Jothy S, et al: Acquired resistance to the antitumor effect of epidermal growth factor receptor-blocking antibodies in vivo: A role for altered tumor angiogenesis. Cancer Res 61:5090-5101, 2001.
53. Prenzel N, Zwick E, Daub H, et al: EGF receptor transactivation by G-protein-coupled receptors requires metalloproteinase cleavage of ProHB-EGF. Nature 402:884-888.
54. Cox G, Jones JL, O'Byrne KJ: Matrix metalloproteinase 9 and the epidermal growth factor signal pathway in operable non-small cell lung cancer. Clin Cancer Res 6:2349-2355, 2000.
55. Karnes WE Jr, Weller SG, Adjei PN, et al: Inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor kinase induces protease-dependent apoptosis in human colon cancer cells. Gastroenterology. 114:930-939, 1998.
56. Huang SM, Bock JM, Harari PM: Epidermal growth factor receptor blockade with C225 modulates proliferation, apoptosis, and radiosensitivity in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck. Cancer Res 59:1935-1940, 1999.
57. Baselga J, Pfister D, Cooper MR, et al: Phase I studies of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor chimeric antibody C225 alone and in combination with cisplatin. J Clin Oncol 18:904-914, 2000.
58. Saltz L, Rubin M, Hochster H, et al: Cetuximab (IMC-C225) plus irinotecan (CPT-11) is active in CPT-11-refractory colorectal cancer (CRC) that expresses epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) (abstract 7). Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 20:3a, 2001.
59. Saltz L, Meropol NJ, Loehrer PJ, et al: Single agent IMC-C225 (Erbitux™) has activity in CPT-11-refractory colorectal cancer (CRC) that expresses the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) (abstract 504). Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 21:127a, 2002.
60. Cunningham D, Humblet Y, Siena S, et al: Cetuximab (C225) alone or in combination with irinotecan (CPT-11) in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-positive, irinotecan-refractory metastatic colorectal cancer (MCRC) (abstract 1012). Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 22:252, 2003.
61. Schoffski P, Lutz M, Folprecht G, et al: Cetuximab (C225) plus irinotecan (CPT-11) plus infusional 5FU-folinic acid (FA) is safe and active in metastatic colorectal cancer (MCRC), that expresses epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) (abstract 633). Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 21:159a, 2002.
62. Rosenberg AH, Loehrer PJ, Needle MN, et al: Erbitux (IMC-C225) plus weekly irinotecan (CPT-11), fluorouracil (5FU) and leucovorin (LV) in colorectal cancer (CRC) that expresses the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFr) (abstract 536). Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 21:135a, 2002.
63. Van Laethem J-L, Raoul J-L, Mitry E, et al: Cetuximab (C225) in combination with bi-weekly irinotecan (CPT-11), infusional 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and folinic acid (FA) in patients (pts) with metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) expressing the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Preliminary safety and efficacy results (abstract 1058). Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 22:264a, 2003.
64. Yang XD, Jia XC, Corvalan JR, et al: Development of ABX-EGF, a fully human anti-EGF receptor monoclonal antibody, for cancer therapy. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 38:17-23, 2001.
65. Yang XD, Jia XC, Corvalan JR, et al: Eradication of established tumors by a fully human monoclonal antibody to the epidermal growth factor receptor without concomitant chemotherapy. Cancer Res 59:1236-1243, 1999.
66. Figlin RA, Belldegrun AS, Crawford J, et al: ABX-EGF, a fully human anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibody (mAb) in patients with advanced cancer: Phase I clinical results (abstract 35). Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 21:10a, 2002.
67. Roskos L, Lohner M, Osborn R, et al: Low pharmacokinetic variability facilitates optimal dosing of ABX-EGF in cancer patients (abstract 362). Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 21:91a, 2002.
68. Meropol NJ, Berlin J, Hecht JR, et al: Multicenter study of ABX-EGF monotherapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (abstract 1026). Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 22:256, 2003.
69. Burger A, Heiss NS, Kreysch HG, et al: The humanized monoclonal anti-EGFR antibody EMD72000 potently inhibits the growth of EGFR-expressing human tumor xenografts insensitive to chemotherapeutic drugs (abstract 5719). Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res 44:1139, 2003.
70. Tewes M, Schleucher N, Dirsch O, et al: Results of a phase I trial of the humanized anti epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibody EMD 72000 in patients with EGFR expressing solid tumors (abstract 378). Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 21:95a, 2002.
71. Tabernero J, Rojo F, Jimenez E, et al: A phase I PK and serial tumor and skin pharmacodynamic (PD) study of weekly (q1w), every 2-week (q2w) or every 3-week (q3w) 1-hour (h) infusion EMD72000, a humanized monoclonal anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibody, in patients (pt) with advanced tumors (abstract 770). Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 22:192, 2003.
72. Kris MG, Natale RB, Herbst RS: A phase II trial of ZD1839 ('Iressa') in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who had failed platinum- and docetaxel-based regimens (IDEAL 2) (abstract 1166). Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 21:292a, 2002.
73. Fukuoka M, Yano S, Giaccone G: Final results from a phase II trial of ZD1839 ('Iressa') for patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (IDEAL 1) (abstract 1188). Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 21:298a, 2002.
74. Goss GD, Stewart DJ, Hirte H: Initial results of part 2 of a phase I/II pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamic (PD) and biological activity study of ZD1839 (Iressa): NCIC CTG IND. 122 (abstract 59). Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 21:16a, 2002.
75. Dorligschaw O, Kegel T, Jordan K, et al. 2D 1839 (Iressa)-based treatment as lastline therapy in patients with advanced colorectal cancer (ACRC) (abstract 1494). Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 22:272, 2003.
76. Braun AH, Dirsch O, Hilger RA, et al: Preclinical evaluation of the combination of epidermal growth factor inhibitor ZD1839 (Iressa) and irinotecan (SN-38) in human colon cancer cells (abstract 329). Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 21:83a, 2002.
77. Cho CD, Fisher GA, Halsey J, et al: A phase II study of gefitinib in combination with FOLFOX-4 (IFOX) in patients with unresectable or metastatic colorectal cancer (abstract 1062). Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 22:265, 2003.
78. Kim TE, Murren JR: Erlotinib OSI/Roche/Genentech. Curr Opin Investig Drugs 3:1385-1395, 2002.
79. Perez-Soler R, Chachoua A, Huberman M, et al: Phase II trial of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor OSI-774, following platinum-based chemotherapy, in patients (pts) with advanced, EGFR-expressing, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (abstract 1235). Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 20:310a, 2001.
80. Senzer NN, Soulieres D, Siu L, et al: Phase 2 evaluation of OSI-774, a potent oral antagonist of the EGFR-TK in patients with advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (abstract 6). Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 20:2a, 2001.
81. Finkler N, Gordon A, Crozier M, et al: Phase 2 evaluation of OSI-774, a potent oral antagonist of the EGFR-TK in patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma (abstract 831). Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 20:208a, 2001.
82. Kerfoot CA, Thompson J, Richardson M, et al: In vitro activity of Tarceva in primary lung and colon cancer cells (abstract R3796). Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res 44:755, 2003.
83. Townsley C, Major P, Siu LL, et al: Phase II study of OSI-774 in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (abstract 179). Eur J Cancer 38(suppl 7):57, 2002.
84. Akita RW, Sliwkowski MX: Preclinical studies with erlotinib (Tarceva). Semin Oncol 30(3 suppl 7):15-24, 2003.
85. Malik SN, Siu LL, Rowinsky EK, et al: Pharmacodynamic evaluation of the epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor OSI-774 in human epidermis of cancer patients. Clin Cancer Res 9:2478-2486, 2003.
86. Baselga J, Rischin D, Ranson M, et al: Phase I safety, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic trial of ZD1839, a selective oral epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in patients with five selected solid tumor types. J Clin Oncol 20:4292-4302, 2002.
87. Albanell J, Rojo F, Averbuch S, et al: Pharmacodynamic studies of the epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor ZD1839 in skin from cancer patients: Histopathologic and molecular consequences of receptor inhibition. J Clin Oncol 20:110-124, 2002.
88. Liu W, Innocenti F, Chen P, et al: Interethnic difference in the allelic distribution of human epidermal growth factor receptor intron 1 polymorphism. Clinical Cancer Research. 2003;9(3):1009-12.
89. Gebhardt F, Zanker KS, Brandt B: Modulation of epidermal growth factor receptor gene transcription by a polymorphic dinucleotide repeat in intron 1. J Biol Chem 274:13176-13180, 1999.
90. Moriai T, Kobrin MS, Hope C, et al: Variant epidermal growth factor receptor exhibits altered type alpha transforming growth factor binding and transmembrane signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 91:10217-10221, 1994.
91. Cohen SJ, Alpaugh RK, Allard J, et al: Isolation and characterization of circulating tumor cells in patients with colorectal cancer (abstract 1186). Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 22:295, 2003.