메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 29, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 3-14

Molecular pharmacotherapeutic targeting of PDE5 for preservation of penile health

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CYCLIC GMP; NITRIC OXIDE; PHOSPHODIESTERASE V; PHOSPHODIESTERASE V INHIBITOR; PLACEBO; SILDENAFIL; TADALAFIL; VARDENAFIL;

EID: 38049100849     PISSN: 01963635     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2164/jandrol.107.003483     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (43)

References (106)
  • 2
    • 0034878986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurophysiology/pharmacology of erection
    • Andersson KE. Neurophysiology/pharmacology of erection. Int J Impot Res. 2001;13(suppl 3):S8-S17.
    • (2001) Int J Impot Res , vol.13 , Issue.SUPPL. 3
    • Andersson, K.E.1
  • 3
    • 33748752417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors in the treatment of erectile dysfunction
    • Aversa A, Bruzziches R, Pili M, Spera G. Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors in the treatment of erectile dysfunction. Curr Pharm Des. 2006;12:3467-3484.
    • (2006) Curr Pharm Des , vol.12 , pp. 3467-3484
    • Aversa, A.1    Bruzziches, R.2    Pili, M.3    Spera, G.4
  • 4
    • 0038670738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Androgens improve cavernous vasodilation and response to sildenafil in patients with erectile dysfunction
    • Aversa A, Isidori AM, Spera G, Lenzi A, Fabbri A. Androgens improve cavernous vasodilation and response to sildenafil in patients with erectile dysfunction. Clin Endocrinol. 2003;58:632-638.
    • (2003) Clin Endocrinol , vol.58 , pp. 632-638
    • Aversa, A.1    Isidori, A.M.2    Spera, G.3    Lenzi, A.4    Fabbri, A.5
  • 5
    • 33846911349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Barnett CF, Machado RF. Sildenafil in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2006;2:411-422.
    • Barnett CF, Machado RF. Sildenafil in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2006;2:411-422.
  • 6
    • 0028802726 scopus 로고
    • Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases: Functional implications of multiple isoforms
    • Beavo JA. Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases: functional implications of multiple isoforms. Physiol Rev. 1995;75:725-748.
    • (1995) Physiol Rev , vol.75 , pp. 725-748
    • Beavo, J.A.1
  • 8
    • 33748686575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases: Molecular regulation to clinical use
    • Bender AT, Beavo JA. Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases: molecular regulation to clinical use. Pharmacol Rev. 2006;58:488-520.
    • (2006) Pharmacol Rev , vol.58 , pp. 488-520
    • Bender, A.T.1    Beavo, J.A.2
  • 9
    • 10844293444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of androgen depletion on human erectile function: A prospective study in male-to-female transsexuals
    • Bettocchi C, Palumbo F, Cormio L, Ditonno P, Battaglia M, Selvaggi FP. The effects of androgen depletion on human erectile function: a prospective study in male-to-female transsexuals. Int J Impot Res. 2004;16:544-546.
    • (2004) Int J Impot Res , vol.16 , pp. 544-546
    • Bettocchi, C.1    Palumbo, F.2    Cormio, L.3    Ditonno, P.4    Battaglia, M.5    Selvaggi, F.P.6
  • 10
    • 34247369430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endothelial nitric oxide synthase keeps erection regulatory function balance in the penis
    • Bivalacqua TJ, Liu T, Musicki B, Champion HC, Burnett AL. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase keeps erection regulatory function balance in the penis. Eur Urol. 2007;51:1732-1740.
    • (2007) Eur Urol , vol.51 , pp. 1732-1740
    • Bivalacqua, T.J.1    Liu, T.2    Musicki, B.3    Champion, H.C.4    Burnett, A.L.5
  • 13
    • 19644377177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Erectile dysfunction following radical prostatectomy
    • Burnett AL. Erectile dysfunction following radical prostatectomy. JAMA. 2005a;293:2648-2653.
    • (2005) JAMA , vol.293 , pp. 2648-2653
    • Burnett, A.L.1
  • 14
    • 3342887762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel nitric oxide signaling mechanisms regulate the erectile response
    • Burnett AL. Novel nitric oxide signaling mechanisms regulate the erectile response. Int J Impot Res. 2004;16(suppl 1):S15-S19.
    • (2004) Int J Impot Res , vol.16 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Burnett, A.L.1
  • 15
    • 29544437486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphodiesterase 5 mechanisms and therapeutic applications
    • Burnett AL. Phosphodiesterase 5 mechanisms and therapeutic applications. Am J Cardiol. 2005b;96:29M-31M.
    • (2005) Am J Cardiol , vol.96
    • Burnett, A.L.1
  • 16
    • 0028859180 scopus 로고
    • Role of nitric oxide in the physiology of erection
    • Burnett AL. Role of nitric oxide in the physiology of erection. Biol Reprod. 1995;52:485-489.
    • (1995) Biol Reprod , vol.52 , pp. 485-489
    • Burnett, A.L.1
  • 17
    • 27144447122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapy insight: Priapism associated with hematologic dyscrasias
    • Burnett AL. Therapy insight: priapism associated with hematologic dyscrasias. Nat Clin Pract Urol. 2005c;2:449-456.
    • (2005) Nat Clin Pract Urol , vol.2 , pp. 449-456
    • Burnett, A.L.1
  • 18
    • 13844294380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vasoactive pharmacotherapy to cure erectile dysfunction: Fact or fiction?
    • Burnett AL. Vasoactive pharmacotherapy to cure erectile dysfunction: fact or fiction? Urology. 2005d;65:224-230.
    • (2005) Urology , vol.65 , pp. 224-230
    • Burnett, A.L.1
  • 19
    • 33750473708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Feasibility of the use of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors in a pharmacologic prevention program for recurrent priapism
    • Burnett AL, Bivalacqua TJ, Champion HC, Musicki B. Feasibility of the use of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors in a pharmacologic prevention program for recurrent priapism. J Sex Med. 2006;3: 1077-1084.
    • (2006) J Sex Med , vol.3 , pp. 1077-1084
    • Burnett, A.L.1    Bivalacqua, T.J.2    Champion, H.C.3    Musicki, B.4
  • 20
    • 0035658435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-cholinergic penile erection in mice lacking the gene for endothelial nitric oxide synthase
    • Burnett AL, Chang AG, Crone JK, Huang PL, Sezen SE. Non-cholinergic penile erection in mice lacking the gene for endothelial nitric oxide synthase. J Androl. 2002;23:92-97.
    • (2002) J Androl , vol.23 , pp. 92-97
    • Burnett, A.L.1    Chang, A.G.2    Crone, J.K.3    Huang, P.L.4    Sezen, S.E.5
  • 21
    • 33646001758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of two dosing regimens of tadalafil and patterns of sexual activity in men with diabetes mellitus and erectile dysfunction: Scheduled use vs. on-demand regimen evaluation (SURE) study in 14 European countries
    • Buvat J, van Ahlen H, Schmitt H, Chan M, Kuepfer C, Varanese L. Efficacy and safety of two dosing regimens of tadalafil and patterns of sexual activity in men with diabetes mellitus and erectile dysfunction: scheduled use vs. on-demand regimen evaluation (SURE) study in 14 European countries. J Sex Med. 2006;3:512-520.
    • (2006) J Sex Med , vol.3 , pp. 512-520
    • Buvat, J.1    van Ahlen, H.2    Schmitt, H.3    Chan, M.4    Kuepfer, C.5    Varanese, L.6
  • 22
    • 21844467523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resumption of spontaneous erections in selected patients affected by erectile dysfunction and various degrees of carotid wall alteration: Role of tadalafil
    • Caretta N, Palego P, Ferlin A, Garolla A, Bettella A, Selice R, Foresta C. Resumption of spontaneous erections in selected patients affected by erectile dysfunction and various degrees of carotid wall alteration: role of tadalafil. Eur Urol. 2005;48:326-331.
    • (2005) Eur Urol , vol.48 , pp. 326-331
    • Caretta, N.1    Palego, P.2    Ferlin, A.3    Garolla, A.4    Bettella, A.5    Selice, R.6    Foresta, C.7
  • 23
    • 0037350305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term use of sildenafil
    • Carson CC. Long-term use of sildenafil. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2003;4:397-405.
    • (2003) Expert Opin Pharmacother , vol.4 , pp. 397-405
    • Carson, C.C.1
  • 24
    • 33646912555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PDE5 inhibitors: Are there differences?
    • Carson CC. PDE5 inhibitors: are there differences? Can J Urol. 2006;13(suppl 1):34-39.
    • (2006) Can J Urol , vol.13 , Issue.SUPPL. 1 , pp. 34-39
    • Carson, C.C.1
  • 26
    • 0031054463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitric oxide synthase: Role in the genesis of vascular disease
    • Cooke JP, Dzau VJ. Nitric oxide synthase: role in the genesis of vascular disease. Annu Rev Med. 1997;48:489-509.
    • (1997) Annu Rev Med , vol.48 , pp. 489-509
    • Cooke, J.P.1    Dzau, V.J.2
  • 27
    • 3342962358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of action of PDE5 inhibition in erectile dysfunction
    • Corbin JD. Mechanisms of action of PDE5 inhibition in erectile dysfunction. Int J Impot Res. 2004;16(suppl 1):S4-S7.
    • (2004) Int J Impot Res , vol.16 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Corbin, J.D.1
  • 28
    • 0033553509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase-5: Target of sildenafil
    • Corbin JD, Francis SH. Cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase-5: target of sildenafil. J Biol Chem. 1999;274:13729-13732.
    • (1999) J Biol Chem , vol.274 , pp. 13729-13732
    • Corbin, J.D.1    Francis, S.H.2
  • 29
    • 0034108626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphorylation of phosphodiesterase-5 by cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinase alters its catalytic and allosteric cGMP-binding activities
    • Corbin JD, Turko IV, Beasley A, Francis SH. Phosphorylation of phosphodiesterase-5 by cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinase alters its catalytic and allosteric cGMP-binding activities. Eur J Biochem. 2000;267:2760-2767.
    • (2000) Eur J Biochem , vol.267 , pp. 2760-2767
    • Corbin, J.D.1    Turko, I.V.2    Beasley, A.3    Francis, S.H.4
  • 30
    • 0037904833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardioprotection with sildenafil, a selective inhibitor of cyclic 3′,5′- monophosphate-specific phosphodiesterase 5
    • Das S, Maulik N, Das DK, Kadowitz PJ, Bivalacqua TJ. Cardioprotection with sildenafil, a selective inhibitor of cyclic 3′,5′- monophosphate-specific phosphodiesterase 5. Drugs Exp Clin Res. 2002;28:213-219.
    • (2002) Drugs Exp Clin Res , vol.28 , pp. 213-219
    • Das, S.1    Maulik, N.2    Das, D.K.3    Kadowitz, P.J.4    Bivalacqua, T.J.5
  • 31
    • 0242584001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of PDE5 inhibition combined with free oxygen radical scavenger therapy on erectile function in a diabetic animal model
    • De Young L, Yu D, Freeman D, Brock GB. Effect of PDE5 inhibition combined with free oxygen radical scavenger therapy on erectile function in a diabetic animal model. Int J Impot Res. 2003;15: 347-354.
    • (2003) Int J Impot Res , vol.15 , pp. 347-354
    • De Young, L.1    Yu, D.2    Freeman, D.3    Brock, G.B.4
  • 32
    • 0036673903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute and prolonged effects of sildenafil on brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation in type 2 diabetes
    • Desouza C, Parulkar A, Lumpkin D, Akers D, Fonseca VA. Acute and prolonged effects of sildenafil on brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2002;25:1336-1339.
    • (2002) Diabetes Care , vol.25 , pp. 1336-1339
    • Desouza, C.1    Parulkar, A.2    Lumpkin, D.3    Akers, D.4    Fonseca, V.A.5
  • 33
    • 0034884952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term efficacy of sildenafil and tachyphylaxis effect
    • El-Galley R, Rutland H, Talic R, Keane T, Clark H. Long-term efficacy of sildenafil and tachyphylaxis effect. J Urol. 2001;166: 927-931.
    • (2001) J Urol , vol.166 , pp. 927-931
    • El-Galley, R.1    Rutland, H.2    Talic, R.3    Keane, T.4    Clark, H.5
  • 36
    • 33746808198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vardenafil prevents fibrosis and loss of corporal smooth muscle that occurs after bilateral cavernosal nerve resection in the rat
    • Ferrini MG, Davila HH, Kovanecz I, Sanchez SP, Gonzalez-Cadavid NF, Rajfer J. Vardenafil prevents fibrosis and loss of corporal smooth muscle that occurs after bilateral cavernosal nerve resection in the rat. Urology. 2006a;68:429-435.
    • (2006) Urology , vol.68 , pp. 429-435
    • Ferrini, M.G.1    Davila, H.H.2    Kovanecz, I.3    Sanchez, S.P.4    Gonzalez-Cadavid, N.F.5    Rajfer, J.6
  • 37
    • 33644991137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of long-term vardenafil treatment on the development of fibrotic plaques in a rat model of Peyronie's disease
    • Ferrini MG, Kovanecz I, Nolazco G, Rajfer J, Gonzalez-Cadavid NF. Effects of long-term vardenafil treatment on the development of fibrotic plaques in a rat model of Peyronie's disease. BJU Int. 2006b;97:625-633.
    • (2006) BJU Int , vol.97 , pp. 625-633
    • Ferrini, M.G.1    Kovanecz, I.2    Nolazco, G.3    Rajfer, J.4    Gonzalez-Cadavid, N.F.5
  • 38
    • 34247534567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term continuous treatment with sildenafil ameliorates aging-related erectile dysfunction and the underlying corporal fibrosis in the rat
    • Ferrini MG, Kovanecz I, Sanchez S, Vernet D, Davila HH, Rajfer J. Gonzalez-Cadavid NF. Long-term continuous treatment with sildenafil ameliorates aging-related erectile dysfunction and the underlying corporal fibrosis in the rat. Biol Reprod. 2007;76:915-923.
    • (2007) Biol Reprod , vol.76 , pp. 915-923
    • Ferrini, M.G.1    Kovanecz, I.2    Sanchez, S.3    Vernet, D.4    Davila, H.H.5    Rajfer, J.6    Gonzalez-Cadavid, N.F.7
  • 39
    • 33947198649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between vascular damage degrees and endothelial progenitor cells in patients with erectile dysfunction: Effect of vardenafil administration and PDE5 expression in the bone marrow
    • Foresta C, Caretta N, Lana A, De Toni L, Biagioli A, Vinanzi C, Ferlin A. Relationship between vascular damage degrees and endothelial progenitor cells in patients with erectile dysfunction: effect of vardenafil administration and PDE5 expression in the bone marrow. Eur Urol. 2007;51:1411-1419.
    • (2007) Eur Urol , vol.51 , pp. 1411-1419
    • Foresta, C.1    Caretta, N.2    Lana, A.3    De Toni, L.4    Biagioli, A.5    Vinanzi, C.6    Ferlin, A.7
  • 40
    • 0037033002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphorylation of isolated human phosphodiesterase-5 regulatory domain induces an apparent conformational change and increases cGMP binding affinity
    • Francis SH, Bessay EP, Kotera J, Grimes KA, Liu L, Thompson WJ, Corbin JD. Phosphorylation of isolated human phosphodiesterase-5 regulatory domain induces an apparent conformational change and increases cGMP binding affinity. J Biol Chem. 2002;277: 47581-47587.
    • (2002) J Biol Chem , vol.277 , pp. 47581-47587
    • Francis, S.H.1    Bessay, E.P.2    Kotera, J.3    Grimes, K.A.4    Liu, L.5    Thompson, W.J.6    Corbin, J.D.7
  • 42
    • 14144256446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective evaluation of efficacy and compliance with a multistep treatment approach for erectile dysfunction in patients after non-nerve sparing radical prostatectomy
    • Gontero P, Fontana F, Zitella A, Montorsi F, Frea B. A prospective evaluation of efficacy and compliance with a multistep treatment approach for erectile dysfunction in patients after non-nerve sparing radical prostatectomy. BJU Int. 2005;95:359-365.
    • (2005) BJU Int , vol.95 , pp. 359-365
    • Gontero, P.1    Fontana, F.2    Zitella, A.3    Montorsi, F.4    Frea, B.5
  • 43
    • 30444446500 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent insights into androgen action on the anatomical and physiological substrate of penile erection
    • Gooren LJ, Saad F. Recent insights into androgen action on the anatomical and physiological substrate of penile erection. Asian J Androl. 2006;8:3-9.
    • (2006) Asian J Androl , vol.8 , pp. 3-9
    • Gooren, L.J.1    Saad, F.2
  • 44
    • 0034838812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Allosteric sites of phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5). A potential role in negative feedback regulation of cGMP signaling in corpus cavernosum
    • Gopal VK, Francis SH, Corbin JD. Allosteric sites of phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5). A potential role in negative feedback regulation of cGMP signaling in corpus cavernosum. Eur J Biochem. 2001;268:3304-3312.
    • (2001) Eur J Biochem , vol.268 , pp. 3304-3312
    • Gopal, V.K.1    Francis, S.H.2    Corbin, J.D.3
  • 45
    • 0034851036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of sildenafil citrate for treatment of erectile dysfunction in a population with associated organic risk factors
    • Guay AT, Perez JB, Jacobson J, Newton RA. Efficacy and safety of sildenafil citrate for treatment of erectile dysfunction in a population with associated organic risk factors. J Androl. 2001;22:793-797.
    • (2001) J Androl , vol.22 , pp. 793-797
    • Guay, A.T.1    Perez, J.B.2    Jacobson, J.3    Newton, R.A.4
  • 46
    • 2542484470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 11: Androgen deficiency and replacement therapy in men
    • Handelsman DJ, Zajac JD. 11: Androgen deficiency and replacement therapy in men. Med J Aust. 2004;180:529-535.
    • (2004) Med J Aust , vol.180 , pp. 529-535
    • Handelsman, D.J.1    Zajac, J.D.2
  • 47
    • 0025042832 scopus 로고
    • Haem-dependent activation of guanylate cyclase and cyclic GMP formation by endogenous nitric oxide: A unique transduction mechanism for transcellular signaling
    • Ignarro LJ. Haem-dependent activation of guanylate cyclase and cyclic GMP formation by endogenous nitric oxide: a unique transduction mechanism for transcellular signaling. Pharmacol Toxicol. 1990;67:1-7.
    • (1990) Pharmacol Toxicol , vol.67 , pp. 1-7
    • Ignarro, L.J.1
  • 48
    • 0025081992 scopus 로고
    • Nitric oxide and cyclic GMP formation upon electrical field stimulation cause relaxation of corpus cavernosum smooth muscle
    • Ignarro LJ, Bush PA, Buga GM, Wood KS, Fukuto JM, Rajfer J. Nitric oxide and cyclic GMP formation upon electrical field stimulation cause relaxation of corpus cavernosum smooth muscle. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1990;170:843-850.
    • (1990) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.170 , pp. 843-850
    • Ignarro, L.J.1    Bush, P.A.2    Buga, G.M.3    Wood, K.S.4    Fukuto, J.M.5    Rajfer, J.6
  • 49
  • 51
    • 22144467731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kostis JB, Jackson G, Rosen R, Barrett-Connor E, Billups K, Burnett AL, Carson C 3rd, Cheitlin M, Debusk R, Fonseca V, Ganz P, Goldstein I, Guay A, Hatzichristou D, Hollander JE, Hutter A, Katz S, Kloner RA, Mittleman M, Montorsi F, Montorsi P, Nehra A, Sadovsky R, Shabsigh R. Sexual dysfunction and cardiac risk (the second Princeton Consensus Conference). Am J Cardiol. 2005;96:313-321.
    • Kostis JB, Jackson G, Rosen R, Barrett-Connor E, Billups K, Burnett AL, Carson C 3rd, Cheitlin M, Debusk R, Fonseca V, Ganz P, Goldstein I, Guay A, Hatzichristou D, Hollander JE, Hutter A, Katz S, Kloner RA, Mittleman M, Montorsi F, Montorsi P, Nehra A, Sadovsky R, Shabsigh R. Sexual dysfunction and cardiac risk (the second Princeton Consensus Conference). Am J Cardiol. 2005;96:313-321.
  • 53
    • 23244448247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sildenafil inhibits the formation of superoxide and the expression of gp47 NAD[P]H oxidase induced by the thromboxane A2 mimetic, U46619, in corpus cavernosal smooth muscle cells
    • Koupparis AJ, Jeremy JY, Muzaffar S, Persad R, Shukla N. Sildenafil inhibits the formation of superoxide and the expression of gp47 NAD[P]H oxidase induced by the thromboxane A2 mimetic, U46619, in corpus cavernosal smooth muscle cells. BJU Int. 2005;96:423-427.
    • (2005) BJU Int , vol.96 , pp. 423-427
    • Koupparis, A.J.1    Jeremy, J.Y.2    Muzaffar, S.3    Persad, R.4    Shukla, N.5
  • 54
    • 33847689334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular protection with sildenafil following chronic inhibition of nitric oxide synthase
    • Kukreja RC. Cardiovascular protection with sildenafil following chronic inhibition of nitric oxide synthase. Br J Pharmacol. 2007;150:538-540.
    • (2007) Br J Pharmacol , vol.150 , pp. 538-540
    • Kukreja, R.C.1
  • 55
    • 34447498964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FK506 and sildenafil promote erectile function recovery after cavernous nerve injury through antioxidative mechanisms
    • Lagoda G, Jin L, Lehrfeld TJ, Liu T, Burnett AL. FK506 and sildenafil promote erectile function recovery after cavernous nerve injury through antioxidative mechanisms. J Sex Med. 2007;4:908-916.
    • (2007) J Sex Med , vol.4 , pp. 908-916
    • Lagoda, G.1    Jin, L.2    Lehrfeld, T.J.3    Liu, T.4    Burnett, A.L.5
  • 56
    • 33746979212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphodiesterase inhibitors in Raynaud's phenomenon
    • Levien TL. Phosphodiesterase inhibitors in Raynaud's phenomenon. Ann Pharmacother. 2006;40:1388-1393.
    • (2006) Ann Pharmacother , vol.40 , pp. 1388-1393
    • Levien, T.L.1
  • 57
    • 4243171570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of androgens on penile tissue
    • Lewis RW, Mills TM. Effect of androgens on penile tissue. Endocrine. 2004;23:101-105.
    • (2004) Endocrine , vol.23 , pp. 101-105
    • Lewis, R.W.1    Mills, T.M.2
  • 58
    • 0036189959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human PDE5A gene encodes three PDE5 isoforms from two alternate promoters
    • Lin CS, Chow S, Lau A, Tu R, Lue TF. Human PDE5A gene encodes three PDE5 isoforms from two alternate promoters. Int J Impot Res. 2002;14:15-24.
    • (2002) Int J Impot Res , vol.14 , pp. 15-24
    • Lin, C.S.1    Chow, S.2    Lau, A.3    Tu, R.4    Lue, T.F.5
  • 60
    • 22144485152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cyclic nucleotide signaling in cavernous smooth muscle
    • Lin CS, Lin G, Lue TF. Cyclic nucleotide signaling in cavernous smooth muscle. J Sex Med. 2005;2:478-491.
    • (2005) J Sex Med , vol.2 , pp. 478-491
    • Lin, C.S.1    Lin, G.2    Lue, T.F.3
  • 61
    • 0038148533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Up and down-regulation of phosphodiesterase-5 as related to tachyphylaxis and priapism
    • Lin G, Xin ZC, Lue TF, Lin CS. Up and down-regulation of phosphodiesterase-5 as related to tachyphylaxis and priapism. J Urol. 2003;170:S15-S18.
    • (2003) J Urol , vol.170
    • Lin, G.1    Xin, Z.C.2    Lue, T.F.3    Lin, C.S.4
  • 62
    • 0017115515 scopus 로고
    • Guanosine 3′:5′- cyclic monophosphate binding proteins in rat tissues
    • Lincoln TM, Hall CL, Park CR, Corbin JD. Guanosine 3′:5′- cyclic monophosphate binding proteins in rat tissues. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976;73:2559-2563.
    • (1976) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.73 , pp. 2559-2563
    • Lincoln, T.M.1    Hall, C.L.2    Park, C.R.3    Corbin, J.D.4
  • 63
    • 0032865326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Androgen-dependent nitric oxide release in rat penis correlates with levels of constitutive nitric oxide synthase isoenzymes
    • Marin R, Escrig A, Abreu P, Mas M. Androgen-dependent nitric oxide release in rat penis correlates with levels of constitutive nitric oxide synthase isoenzymes. Biol Reprod. 1999;61:1012-1016.
    • (1999) Biol Reprod , vol.61 , pp. 1012-1016
    • Marin, R.1    Escrig, A.2    Abreu, P.3    Mas, M.4
  • 64
    • 19744370637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of efficacy, safety, and tolerability of ondemand tadalafil and daily dosed tadalafil for the treatment of erectile dysfunction
    • McMahon C. Comparison of efficacy, safety, and tolerability of ondemand tadalafil and daily dosed tadalafil for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. J Sex Med. 2005;2:415-425.
    • (2005) J Sex Med , vol.2 , pp. 415-425
    • McMahon, C.1
  • 65
    • 15844381929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of daily tadalafil in men with erectile dysfunction previously unresponsive to on-demand tadalafil
    • McMahon C. Efficacy and safety of daily tadalafil in men with erectile dysfunction previously unresponsive to on-demand tadalafil. J Sex Med. 2004;1:292-300.
    • (2004) J Sex Med , vol.1 , pp. 292-300
    • McMahon, C.1
  • 66
    • 0242489617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vasoconstriction and vasodilation in erectile physiology
    • Mills TM. Vasoconstriction and vasodilation in erectile physiology. Curr Urol Rep. 2002;3:477-483.
    • (2002) Curr Urol Rep , vol.3 , pp. 477-483
    • Mills, T.M.1
  • 71
    • 22144465483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of an erectogenic pharmacotherapy regimen following radical prostatectomy improves recovery of spontaneous erectile function
    • Mulhall J, Land S, Parker M, Waters WB, Flanigan RC. The use of an erectogenic pharmacotherapy regimen following radical prostatectomy improves recovery of spontaneous erectile function. J Sex Med. 2005;2:532-540.
    • (2005) J Sex Med , vol.2 , pp. 532-540
    • Mulhall, J.1    Land, S.2    Parker, M.3    Waters, W.B.4    Flanigan, R.C.5
  • 72
    • 0141784038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reperfusion of ischemic corporal tissue: Physiologic and biochemical changes in an animal model of ischemic priapism
    • Munarriz R, Park K, Huang YH, Saenz de Tejada I, Moreland RB, Goldstein I, Traish AM. Reperfusion of ischemic corporal tissue: physiologic and biochemical changes in an animal model of ischemic priapism. Urology. 2003;62:760-764.
    • (2003) Urology , vol.62 , pp. 760-764
    • Munarriz, R.1    Park, K.2    Huang, Y.H.3    Saenz de Tejada, I.4    Moreland, R.B.5    Goldstein, I.6    Traish, A.M.7
  • 73
    • 24944580830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vivo analysis of chronic phosphodiesterase-5 inhibition with sildenafil in penile erectile tissues: No tachyphylaxis effect
    • Musicki B, Champion HC, Becker RE, Kramer MF, Liu T, Sezen SF, Burnett AL. In vivo analysis of chronic phosphodiesterase-5 inhibition with sildenafil in penile erectile tissues: no tachyphylaxis effect. J Urol. 2005a;174:1493-1496.
    • (2005) J Urol , vol.174 , pp. 1493-1496
    • Musicki, B.1    Champion, H.C.2    Becker, R.E.3    Kramer, M.F.4    Liu, T.5    Sezen, S.F.6    Burnett, A.L.7
  • 74
    • 21644482050 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Erection capability is potentiated by long-term sildenafil treatment: Role of blood flow-induced endothelial nitric-oxide synthase phosphorylation
    • Musicki B, Champion HC, Becker RE, Liu T, Kramer MF, Burnett AL. Erection capability is potentiated by long-term sildenafil treatment: role of blood flow-induced endothelial nitric-oxide synthase phosphorylation. Mol Pharmacol. 2005b;68:226-232.
    • (2005) Mol Pharmacol , vol.68 , pp. 226-232
    • Musicki, B.1    Champion, H.C.2    Becker, R.E.3    Liu, T.4    Kramer, M.F.5    Burnett, A.L.6
  • 75
    • 84942949401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NIH Consensus Conference. Impotence. NIH Consensus Development Panel on Impotence. JAMA. 1993;270:83-90.
    • NIH Consensus Conference. Impotence. NIH Consensus Development Panel on Impotence. JAMA. 1993;270:83-90.
  • 76
    • 0037199457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Allosteric activation of cGMP-specific, cGMP-binding phosphodiesterase (PDE5) by cGMP
    • Okada D, Asakawa S. Allosteric activation of cGMP-specific, cGMP-binding phosphodiesterase (PDE5) by cGMP. Biochemistry. 2002;41:9672-9679.
    • (2002) Biochemistry , vol.41 , pp. 9672-9679
    • Okada, D.1    Asakawa, S.2
  • 78
    • 16644379053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Erectile dysfunction secondary to nerve-sparing radical retropubic prostatectomy: Comparative phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor efficacy for therapy and novel prevention strategies
    • Padma-Nathan H, McCullough A, Forest C. Erectile dysfunction secondary to nerve-sparing radical retropubic prostatectomy: comparative phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor efficacy for therapy and novel prevention strategies. Curr Urol Rep. 2004b;5:467-471.
    • (2004) Curr Urol Rep , vol.5 , pp. 467-471
    • Padma-Nathan, H.1    McCullough, A.2    Forest, C.3
  • 79
  • 80
    • 29544450537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibition in chronic heart failure and pulmonary hypertension
    • Patel MD, Katz SD. Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibition in chronic heart failure and pulmonary hypertension. Am J Cardiol. 2005;96: 47M-51M.
    • (2005) Am J Cardiol , vol.96
    • Patel, M.D.1    Katz, S.D.2
  • 81
    • 33745866247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of once-a-day dosing of tadalafil 5 mg and 10 mg in the treatment of erectile dysfunction: Results of a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    • Porst H, Giuliano F, Glina S, Ralph D, Casabe AR, Elion-Mboussa A, Shen W, Whitaker JS. Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of once-a-day dosing of tadalafil 5 mg and 10 mg in the treatment of erectile dysfunction: results of a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Eur Urol. 2006;50:351-359.
    • (2006) Eur Urol , vol.50 , pp. 351-359
    • Porst, H.1    Giuliano, F.2    Glina, S.3    Ralph, D.4    Casabe, A.R.5    Elion-Mboussa, A.6    Shen, W.7    Whitaker, J.S.8
  • 82
    • 33846073648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tadalafil dosed once a day in men with erectile dysfunction: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in the US
    • Rajfer J, Aliotta PJ, Steidle CP, Fitch WP 3rd, Zhao Y, Yu A. Tadalafil dosed once a day in men with erectile dysfunction: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in the US. Int J Impot Res. 2007;19:95-103.
    • (2007) Int J Impot Res , vol.19 , pp. 95-103
    • Rajfer, J.1    Aliotta, P.J.2    Steidle, C.P.3    Fitch 3rd, W.P.4    Zhao, Y.5    Yu, A.6
  • 83
    • 33645743465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Case report: Avoidance of palpable corporal fibrosis due to priapism with upregulators of nitric oxide
    • Rajfer J, Gore JL, Kaufman J, Gonzalez-Cadavid N. Case report: avoidance of palpable corporal fibrosis due to priapism with upregulators of nitric oxide. J Sex Med. 2006;3:173-176.
    • (2006) J Sex Med , vol.3 , pp. 173-176
    • Rajfer, J.1    Gore, J.L.2    Kaufman, J.3    Gonzalez-Cadavid, N.4
  • 84
    • 0030987422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Androgenic regulation of NO availability in rat penile erection
    • Reilly CM, Zamorano P, Stopper VS, Mills TM. Androgenic regulation of NO availability in rat penile erection. J Androl. 1997;18:110-115.
    • (1997) J Androl , vol.18 , pp. 110-115
    • Reilly, C.M.1    Zamorano, P.2    Stopper, V.S.3    Mills, T.M.4
  • 85
    • 12344288164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic treatment with tadalafil improves endothelial function in men with increased cardiovascular risk
    • Rosano GM, Aversa A, Vitale C, Fabbri A, Fini M, Spera G. Chronic treatment with tadalafil improves endothelial function in men with increased cardiovascular risk. Eur Urol. 2005;47:214-220.
    • (2005) Eur Urol , vol.47 , pp. 214-220
    • Rosano, G.M.1    Aversa, A.2    Vitale, C.3    Fabbri, A.4    Fini, M.5    Spera, G.6
  • 86
    • 0036479319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase (PDE5) phosphorylation in smooth muscle cells
    • Rybalkin SD, Rybalkina IG, Feil R, Hofmann F, Beavo JA. Regulation of cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase (PDE5) phosphorylation in smooth muscle cells. J Biol Chem. 2002;277: 3310-3317.
    • (2002) J Biol Chem , vol.277 , pp. 3310-3317
    • Rybalkin, S.D.1    Rybalkina, I.G.2    Feil, R.3    Hofmann, F.4    Beavo, J.A.5
  • 87
    • 0042859823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cyclic GMP phosphodiesterases and regulation of smooth muscle function
    • Rybalkin SD, Yan C, Bornfeldt KE, Beavo JA. Cyclic GMP phosphodiesterases and regulation of smooth muscle function. Circ Res. 2003;93:280-291.
    • (2003) Circ Res , vol.93 , pp. 280-291
    • Rybalkin, S.D.1    Yan, C.2    Bornfeldt, K.E.3    Beavo, J.A.4
  • 89
    • 33847367689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of chronic phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor use on different organ systems
    • Schwarz ER, Kapur V, Rodriguez J, Rastogi S, Rosanio S. The effects of chronic phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor use on different organ systems. Int J Impot Res. 2007;19:139-148.
    • (2007) Int J Impot Res , vol.19 , pp. 139-148
    • Schwarz, E.R.1    Kapur, V.2    Rodriguez, J.3    Rastogi, S.4    Rosanio, S.5
  • 90
    • 33751531874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibition augments endogenous antitumor immunity by reducing myeloid-derived suppressor cell function
    • Serafini P, Meckel K, Kelso M, Noonan K, Califano J, Koch W, Dolcetti L, Bronte V, Borrello I. Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibition augments endogenous antitumor immunity by reducing myeloid-derived suppressor cell function. J Exp Med. 2006;203: 2691-2702.
    • (2006) J Exp Med , vol.203 , pp. 2691-2702
    • Serafini, P.1    Meckel, K.2    Kelso, M.3    Noonan, K.4    Califano, J.5    Koch, W.6    Dolcetti, L.7    Bronte, V.8    Borrello, I.9
  • 91
    • 0030642076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of testosterone on the cavernous tissue and erectile function
    • Shabsigh R. The effects of testosterone on the cavernous tissue and erectile function. World J Urol. 1997;15:21-26.
    • (1997) World J Urol , vol.15 , pp. 21-26
    • Shabsigh, R.1
  • 92
    • 3142546340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized study of testosterone gel as adjunctive therapy to sildenafil in hypogonadal men with erectile dysfunction who do not respond to sildenafil alone
    • Shabsigh R, Kaufman JM, Steidle C, Padma-Nathan H. Randomized study of testosterone gel as adjunctive therapy to sildenafil in hypogonadal men with erectile dysfunction who do not respond to sildenafil alone. J Urol. 2004;172:658-663.
    • (2004) J Urol , vol.172 , pp. 658-663
    • Shabsigh, R.1    Kaufman, J.M.2    Steidle, C.3    Padma-Nathan, H.4
  • 93
    • 0037370885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Erectile dysfunction and the cardiovascular patient: Endothelial dysfunction is the common denominator
    • Solomon H, Man JW, Jackson G. Erectile dysfunction and the cardiovascular patient: endothelial dysfunction is the common denominator. Heart. 2003;89:251-253.
    • (2003) Heart , vol.89 , pp. 251-253
    • Solomon, H.1    Man, J.W.2    Jackson, G.3
  • 94
    • 31144472113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treating erectile dysfunction by endothelial rehabilitation with phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors
    • Sommer F, Schulze W. Treating erectile dysfunction by endothelial rehabilitation with phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors. World J Urol. 2005;23:385-392.
    • (2005) World J Urol , vol.23 , pp. 385-392
    • Sommer, F.1    Schulze, W.2
  • 95
    • 0036279702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tachyphylaxis and phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors
    • Steers WD. Tachyphylaxis and phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors. J Urol. 2002:168:207.
    • (2002) J Urol , vol.168 , pp. 207
    • Steers, W.D.1
  • 96
    • 33645962531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are androgens critical for penile erections in humans? Examining the clinical and preclinical evidence
    • Traish AM, Guay AT. Are androgens critical for penile erections in humans? Examining the clinical and preclinical evidence. J Sex Med. 2006;3:382-404.
    • (2006) J Sex Med , vol.3 , pp. 382-404
    • Traish, A.M.1    Guay, A.T.2
  • 98
    • 0032981996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of castration and androgen replacement on erectile function in a rabbit model
    • Traish AM, Park K, Dhir V, Kim NN, Moreland RB, Goldstein I. Effects of castration and androgen replacement on erectile function in a rabbit model. Endocrinology. 1999;140:1861-1868.
    • (1999) Endocrinology , vol.140 , pp. 1861-1868
    • Traish, A.M.1    Park, K.2    Dhir, V.3    Kim, N.N.4    Moreland, R.B.5    Goldstein, I.6
  • 99
    • 0032993016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of cyclic GMP-binding cyclic GMP-specific phosphodiesterase (type 5) by sildenafil and related compounds
    • Turko IV, Ballard SA, Francis SH, Corbin JD. Inhibition of cyclic GMP-binding cyclic GMP-specific phosphodiesterase (type 5) by sildenafil and related compounds. Mol Pharmacol. 1999;56: 124-130.
    • (1999) Mol Pharmacol , vol.56 , pp. 124-130
    • Turko, I.V.1    Ballard, S.A.2    Francis, S.H.3    Corbin, J.D.4
  • 100
    • 1542351289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Valente EG, Vernet D, Ferrini MG, Qian A, Rajfer J, Gonzalez-Cadavid NF. L-arginine and phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors counteract fibrosis in the Peyronie's fibrotic plaque and related fibroblast cultures. Nitric Oxide. 2003;9:229-244.
    • Valente EG, Vernet D, Ferrini MG, Qian A, Rajfer J, Gonzalez-Cadavid NF. L-arginine and phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors counteract fibrosis in the Peyronie's fibrotic plaque and related fibroblast cultures. Nitric Oxide. 2003;9:229-244.
  • 102
    • 0033522211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tissue distribution of phosphodiesterase families and the effects of sildenafil on tissue cyclic nucleotides, platelet function, and the contractile responses of trabeculae carneae and aortic rings in vitro
    • Wallis RM, Corbin JD, Francis SH, Ellis P. Tissue distribution of phosphodiesterase families and the effects of sildenafil on tissue cyclic nucleotides, platelet function, and the contractile responses of trabeculae carneae and aortic rings in vitro. Am J Cardiol. 1999;83:3C-12C.
    • (1999) Am J Cardiol , vol.83
    • Wallis, R.M.1    Corbin, J.D.2    Francis, S.H.3    Ellis, P.4
  • 104
    • 33746154470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors
    • Wright PJ. Comparison of phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors. Int J Clin Pract. 2006;60:967-975.
    • (2006) Int J Clin Pract , vol.60 , pp. 967-975
    • Wright, P.J.1
  • 105
    • 33644895970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testosterone and erectile function in hypogonadal men unresponsive to tadalafil: Results from an open-label uncontrolled study
    • Yassin AA, Saad F, Diede HE. Testosterone and erectile function in hypogonadal men unresponsive to tadalafil: results from an open-label uncontrolled study. Andrologia. 2006;38:61-68.
    • (2006) Andrologia , vol.38 , pp. 61-68
    • Yassin, A.A.1    Saad, F.2    Diede, H.E.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.