Political skill and influence effectiveness: Testing portions of an expanded Ferris and Judge (1991) model

Human Relations

Volumn 60, Issue 12, 2007, Pages 1747-1777

  Kolodinsky, Robert W ^a,b   Treadway, Darren C ^c   Ferris, Gerald R ^d  

^a Gilliam Center for Ethical Business Leadership   (United States)

^b JAMES MADISON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY AT BUFFALO   (United States)

^d FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Influence tactics; Job performance; Political skill; Social influence; Supervisor perceptions

Indexed keywords

EID: 36549019129     PISSN: 00187267     EISSN: 1741282X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0018726707084913     Document Type: Article

References (77)

1. Ahearn, K.K., Ferris, G.R., Hochwarter, W.A., Douglas, C. & Ammeter, A.P. Leader political skill and team performance. Journal of Management, 2004, 30, 309 - 27.
2. Aiken, L.S. & West, S.G. Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions. Newbury Park, CA: Sage, 1991.
3. Alreck, P.L. & Settle, R.B. The survey research handbook, 2 nd edn. Chicago, IL: Irwin, 1995.
4. Aryee, S., Wyatt, T. & Stone, R. Early career outcomes of graduate employees. The effect of mentoring and ingratiating. Journal of Management Studies, 1996, 33, 95 - 118.
5. Atwater, L.E. & Yammarino, F.J. Does self-other agreement on leadership perceptions moderate the validity of leadership and performance predictions? Personnel Psychology, 1992, 45, 141 - 64.
6. Borman, W.C. & Motowidlo, S.J. Expanding the criterion domain to include elements of contextual performance. In N. Schmitt & W.C. Borman (Eds), Personnel selection. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, 1993, pp. 71 - 98.
7. Borman, W.C. & Motowidlo, S.J. Task performance and contextual performance: The meaning for personnel selection research. Human Performance, 1997, 10, 99 - 109.
8. Campbell, D.J. & Lee, C. Self-appraisal in performance evaluation: Development versus evaluation. Academy of Management Review, 1988, 13, 302 - 14.
9. Cardy, R.L. & Dobbins, G.H. Affect and appraisal accuracy: Liking as an integral dimension in evaluating performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 1986, 71, 672 - 8.
10. Champoux, J.E. & Peters, W.S. Form, effect size, and power in moderated regression analysis. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 1987, 60, 243 - 55.
11. Chan, D. & Schmitt, N. Situational judgment and job performance. Human Performance, 2002, 15 (3). 233 - 54.
12. Cohen, J. & Cohen, P. Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum, 1983.
13. Corcoran, M. & Duncan, G.J. Work history, labor force attachment, and earnings differences between the races and sexes. Journal of Human Resources, 1979, 14 (1). 3 - 20.
14. Dansereau, F., Alutto, J.A. & Yammarino, F.J. Theory testing in organizational behavior: The variant approach. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1984.
15. Darr, W. & Johns, G. Political decision-making climates: Theoretical processes and multi-level antecedents. Human Relations, 2004, 57 (2). 169 - 200.
16. DeLuca, J.R. Political savvy: Systematic approaches to leadership behind-the-scenes. Berwyn, PA: EBG Publications, 1999.
17. Douglas, C. & Ammeter, A.P. An examination of leader political skill and its effect on ratings of leader effectiveness. The Leadership Quarterly, 2004, 15, 537 - 50.
18. Feldman, D.C. & Klich, N.R. Impression management and career strategies. In R.A. Giacalone & P. Rosenfeld (Eds), Applied impression management. Newbury Park, CA: Sage, 1991, pp. 67 - 80.
19. Feldman, J.M. A note on the statistical correction of halo error. Journal of Applied Psychology, 1986, 71, 173 - 6.
20. Ferris, G.R., Adams, G., Kolodinsky, R.W., Hochwarter, W.A. & Ammeter, A.P. Perceptions of organizational politics: Theory and research directions. In F.J. Yammarino & F. Dansereau (Eds), Research in multi-level issues, Volume 1: The many faces of multi-level issues. Oxford: JAI Press / Elsevier Science, 2002 a, pp. 179 - 254.
21. Ferris, G.R., Anthony, W.P., Kolodinsky, R.W., Gilmore, D.C. & Harvey, M.G. Development of political skill. In C. Wankel & R. DeFillippi (Eds), Rethinking management education for the 21st century. A volume in: Research in management education and development. Greenwich, CT: Information Age Publishing, 2002 b, pp. 3 - 25.
22. Ferris, G.R., Bhawuk, D.P.S., Fedor, D.B. & Judge, T.A. Organizational politics and citizenship: Attributions of intentionality and construct definition. In M.J. Martinko (Ed.), Attribution theory: An organizational perspective. Delray Beach, FL: St Lucie Press, 1995, pp. 231 - 52.
23. Ferris, G.R., Davidson, S.L. & Perrew, P.L. Political skill at work: Impact on work effectiveness. Mountain View, CA: Davies-Black, 2005 a.
24. Ferris, G.R., Fedor, D.B., Chachere, J.G. & Pondy, L.R. Myths and politics in organizational context. Group and Organization Studies, 1989, 14, 83 - 103.
25. Ferris, G.R., Hochwarter, W.A., Douglas, C., Blass, F.R., Kolodinsky, R.W. & Treadway, D.C. Social influence processes in organizations and human resources systems. In G.R. Ferris & J.J. Martocchio (Eds), Research in personnel and human resources management. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press, 2002 c, 21, pp. 65 - 127.
26. Ferris, G.R. & Judge, T.A. Personnel/human resources management: A political influence perspective. Journal of Management, 1991, 17, 447 - 88.
27. Ferris, G.R., Judge, T.A., Rowland, K.M. & Fitzgibbons, D.E. Subordinate influence and the performance evaluation process: Test of a model. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 1994, 58, 101 - 35.
28. Ferris, G.R., Perrew, P.L., Anthony, W.P. & Gilmore, D.C. Political skill at work. Organizational Dynamics, 2000, 28, 25 - 37.
29. Ferris, G.R., Treadway, D.C., Kolodinsky, R.W., Hochwarter, W.A., Kacmar, C.J., Douglas, C. & Frink, D.D. Development and validation of the political skill inventory. Journal of Management, 2005 b, 31 (1). 126 - 52.
30. Ferris, G.R., Treadway, D.C., Perrew, P.L., Brouer, R.L., Douglas, C. & Lux, S. Political skill in organizations. Journal of Management, 2007, 33 (3). 290 - 320.
31. Festinger, L. A theory of social comparison processes. Human Relations, 1954, 7, 117 - 40. Folger, R. & Lewis, D. Self-appraisal and fairness in evaluations. In R. Cropanzano (Ed.), Justice in the workplace: Approaching fairness in human resource management. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 1993, pp. 107 - 31.
32. Gordon, R.A. Impact of ingratiation on judgment and evaluations: A meta-analytic investigation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1996, 71 (1). 54 - 70.
33. Griffin, M.A., Neal, A. & Neale, M. The contribution of task performance and contextual performance to effectiveness: Investigating the role of situational constraints. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 2000, 49 (3). 517 - 33.
34. Harris, K.J., Kacmar, K.M., Zivnuska, S. & Shaw, J.D. The impact of political skill on impression management effectiveness. Journal of Applied Psychology, 2007, 92, 278 - 85.
35. Heider, F. The psychology of interpersonal relations. New York: Wiley, 1958.
36. Higgins, C.A. The effect of applicant influence tactics on recruiter perceptions of fit. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Department of Management and Organizations, University of Iowa, 2000.
37. Higgins, C.A., Judge, T.A. & Ferris, G.R. Influence tactics and work outcomes: A meta-analysis. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 2003, 24, 89 - 106.
38. Jones, E.E. Interpersonal perception. New York: W.H. Freeman, 1990.
39. Judge, T.A. & Ferris, G.R. Social context of performance evaluation decisions. Academy of Management Journal, 1993, 36, 80 - 105.
40. Judge, T.A., LePine, J.A. & Rich, B.L. Loving yourself abundantly: Relationship of the Narcissistic personality to self- and other perceptions of workplace deviance, leadership, and task and contextual performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 2006, 91 (4). 762 - 76.
41. Kenny, D.A., Kashy, D.A. & Bolger, N. Data analysis in social psychology. In D. Gilbert, S. Fiske & G. Lindzey (Eds), The handbook of social psychology. Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill, 1998, 1 (4), pp. 233 - 65.
42. Kipnis, D., Schmidt, S.M. & Wilkinson, I. Intraorganizational influence tactics. Explorations in getting one's way. Journal of Applied Psychology, 1980, 65, 440 - 52.
43. Liden, R.C. & Maslyn, J.M. Multidimensionality of leader-member exchange: An empirical assessment through scale development. Journal of Management, 1998, 24 (1). 43 - 72.
44. Liu, Y., Ferris, G.R., Treadway, D.C., Prati, M.L., Perrew, P.L. & Hochwarter, W.A. The emotion of politics and the politics of emotions: Affective and cognitive reactions to politics as a stressor. In E. Vigoda-Gadot & A. Drory (Eds), Handbook of organizational politics. Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar, 2006, pp. 161 - 86.
45. London, M. & Smither, J.W. Can multi-source feedback change perceptions of goal accomplishment, self-evaluation, and performance-related outcomes? Theory-based application and directions for research. Personnel Psychology, 1995, 48, 803 - 39.
46. Longenecker, C.O., Sims, H.P. Jr & Gioia, D.A. Behind the mask: The politics of employee appraisal. Academy of Management Executive, 1987, 1, 183 - 94.
47. Mintzberg, H. Power in and around organizations. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1983.
48. Mintzberg, H. The organization as political arena. Journal of Management Studies, 1985, 22, 133 - 54.
49. Motowidlo, S.J. Information processing in personnel decisions. In K.M. Rowland & G.R. Ferris (Eds), Research in personnel and human resources management. Greenwich, CT: JAI, 1986, 4, pp. 1 - 44.
50. Motowidlo, S.J., Borman, W.C. & Schmidt, M.J. A theory of individual differences in task and contextual performance. Human Performance, 1997, 10, 71 - 83.
51. Motowidlo, S.J. & Van Scotter, J. Evidence that task performance should be distinguished from contextual performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 1994, 79, 475 - 80.
52. Pelled, L.H., Eisenhardt, K.M. & Xin, K.R. Exploring the black box: An analysis of work group diversity, conflict, and performance. Administrative Science Quarterly, 1999, 44 (1). 1 - 28.
53. Perrew, P.L., Ferris, G.R., Frink, D.D. & Anthony, W.P. Political skill: An antidote for workplace stressors. Academy of Management Executive, 2000, 14, 115 - 23.
54. Perrew, P.L. & Nelson, D.L. Gender and career success: The facilitative role of political skill. Organizational Dynamics, 2004, 33 (4). 366 - 78.
55. Perrew, P.L., Zellars, K.L., Ferris, G.R., Rossi, A.M., Kacmar, C.J. & Ralston, D.A. Neutralizing job stressors: Political skill as an antidote to the dysfunctional consequences of role conflict stressors. Academy of Management Journal, 2004, 47 (1). 141 - 52.
56. Perrew, P.L., Zellars, K.L., Rossi, A.M., Ferris, G.R., Kacmar, C.J., Liu, Y., Zinko, R. & Hochwarter, W.A. Political skill: An antidote in the role overload-strain relationship. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 2005, 10, 239 - 50.
57. Pfeffer, J. Power in organizations. Boston, MA: Pitman, 1981.
58. Pfeffer, J. Managing with power: Politics and influence in organizations. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press, 1992.
59. Rousseau, D.M. Organizational behavior in the new organizational era. Annual Review of Psychology, 1997, 48, 515 - 46.
60. Salancik, G.R. & Pfeffer, J. A social information processing approach to job attitudes and task design. Administrative Science Quarterly, 1978, 23, 224 - 53.
61. Schneider, R.J., Ackerman, P.L. & Kanfer, R. To 'act wisely in human relations': Exploring the dimensions of social competence. Personality and Individual Differences, 1996, 21, 469 - 81.
62. Schriesheim, C. & Hinkin, T. Influence tactics used by subordinates: A theoretical and empirical analysis and refinement of the Kipnis, Schmidt, and Wilkinson subscale. Journal of Applied Psychology, 1990, 75, 246 - 57.
63. Semadar, A., Robins, G. & Ferris, G.R. Comparing the effects of multiple social effectiveness constructs on managerial performance. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 2006, 27, 443 - 61.
64. Snyder, M. Public appearances/private realities: The psychology of self-monitoring. New York: Freeman, 1987.
65. Spence, M. Market signaling. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1974.
66. Strauss, J.P., Barrick, M.R. & Connerley, M.L. An investigation of personality similarity effects (relational and perceived) on peer and supervisor ratings and the role of familiarity and liking. Journal or Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 2001, 74, 637 - 57.
67. Treadway, D.C., Ferris, G.R., Duke, A.B., Adams, G. & Thatcher, J.B. The moderating role of subordinate political skill on supervisors' impressions of subordinate ingratiation and ratings of interpersonal facilitation. Journal of Applied Psychology, 2007, 92, 848 - 55.
68. Treadway, D.C., Hochwarter, W.A., Ferris, G.R., Kacmar, C.J., Douglas, C., Ammeter, A.P. & Buckley, M.R. Leader political skill and employee reactions. The Leadership Quarterly, 2004, 15, 493 - 513.
69. Turban, D.B. & Jones, A.P. Supervisor-subordinate similarity: Types, effects, and mechanisms. Journal of Applied Psychology, 1988, 73, 228 - 34.
70. Valle, M. & Perrew, P.L. Do politics perceptions relate to political behaviors? Tests of an implicit assumption and expanded model. Human Relations, 2000, 53 (3). 359 - 86.
71. Van Scotter, J.R. & Motowidlo, S.J. Interpersonal facilitation and job dedication as separate facets of contextual performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 1996, 81, 525 - 31.
72. Wayne, S.J. & Ferris, G.R. Influence tactics, affect, and exchange quality in supervisor subordinate interactions: A laboratory experiment and field study. Journal of Applied Psychology, 1990, 75, 487 - 99.
73. Wayne, S.J. & Liden, R.C. A longitudinal study on the effects of impression management on performance ratings. Academy of Management Journal, 1995, 38, 232 - 60.
74. Wayne, S.J., Liden, R.C., Graf, I.K. & Ferris, G.R. The role of upward influence tactics in human resource decisions. Personnel Psychology, 1997, 50, 979 - 1006.
75. Williams, L.J. & Anderson, S.E. Job satisfaction and organizational commitment as predictors of organizational citizenship and in-role behaviors. Journal of Management, 1991, 17, 601 - 17.
76. Witt, L.A., Andrews, M.C. & Kacmar, K.M. The role of participation in decision-making in the organizational politics-job satisfaction relationship. Human Relations, 2000, 53 (3). 341 - 58.
77. Yukl, G.A. & Falbe, C.M. Influence tactics and objectives in upward, downward and lateral influence attempts. Journal of Applied Psychology, 1990, 75, 132 - 40.