Synthesis, luminescence, and electrochemical studies of tris(homoleptic) ruthenium(ll) and osmium(ll) complexes of 6′-tolyl-2,2′:4′, 2″-terpyridine

Inorganic Chemistry

Volumn 46, Issue 16, 2007, Pages 6252-6260

  Rajalakshmanan, E ^a   Alexander, V ^a  

^a LOYOLA COLLEGE   (India)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 34548051373     PISSN: 00201669     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/ic0700093     Document Type: Article

References (160)

1. (a) Juris, A.; Balzani, V.; Barigelletti, F.; Campagna, S.; Belser, P.; von Zelewsky, A. Coord. Chem. Rev. 1988, 84, 85-277.
2. (b) Meyer, T. J. Pure Appl. Chem. 1986, 58, 1193-1206.
3. (c) Kalyanasundaram, K. Photochemistry of Polypyridine and Porphyrine Complexes; Academic Press: London, 1992.
4. (d) Bignozzi, C. A.; Schoonover, J. N.; Scandola, F. Prog. Inorg. Chem. 1997, 44, 1.
5. (e) De Armond, M. K.; Carlin, C. M. Coord. Chem. Rev. 1981, 36, 325-355.
6. (f) Kalyanasundaram, K. Coord. Chem. Rev. 1982, 46, 159-244.
7. (g) Balzani, V.; Juris, A. Coord. Chem. Rev. 2001, 211, 97-115.
8. 2b-e (a) Brunschwig, B. S.; Creutz, C.; Sutin, N. Coord. Chem. Rev. 1998, 177, 61-79.
9. (b) Kober, E. M.; Meyer, T. J. Inorg. Chem. 1982, 21, 3967-3977.
10. (c) Kober, E. M.; Meyer, T. J. Inorg. Chem. 1983, 22, 1614-1616.
11. (d) Striplin, D. R.; Crosby, G. A. Chem. Phys. Lett. 1994, 221, 426-430.
12. (e) Kober, E. M.; Marshall, J. C.; Dressick, W. J.; Sullivan, B. P.; Caspar, J. V.; Meyer, T. J. Inorg. Chem. 1985, 24, 2755-2763.
13. (a) For an excellent account of the design principles of polypyridine complexes of Ru(II) for manipulating the properties of MLCT excited states, see: Anderson, P. A.; Keene, F. R.; Meyer, T. J.; Moss, J. A.; Strouse, G. F.; Treadway, J. A. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 2002, 3820-3831.
14. (b) Buckingham, D. A.; Dwyer, F. P.; Goodwin, H. A.; Sargeson, A. M. Aust. J. Chem. 1964, 17, 325-336.
15. (c) Creutz, C.; Chou, M.; Netzel, T. L.; Okumura, M.; Sutin, N. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 1309-1319.
16. (c) Kober, E. M.; Meyer, T. J. Inorg. Chem. 1982, 21, 3967-3977.
17. (e) Kober, E. M.; Sullivan, B. P.; Dressick, W. J.; Caspar, J. V.; Meyer, T. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 7383-7385.
18. (f) Johnson, S. R.; Westmoreland, T. D.; Caspar, J. V.; Barqawi, K. R.; Meyer, T. J. Inorg. Chem. 1988, 27, 3195-3200.
19. (g) Allen, G. H.; Sullivan, B. P.; Meyer, T. J. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. 1981, 793-794.
20. (h) For a review on solvent effects on MLCT excitation, see: Hush, N. S.; Reimers, J. R. Coord. Chem. Rev. 1998, 177, 37-60.
21. (a) Guerzo, A. D.; Leroy, S.; Fages, F.; Schmehl, R. H. Inorg. Chem. 2002, 41, 359-366.
22. (b) Dixon, T. M.; Colin, J.-P.; Savage, J.-P.; Flamigini, L.; Encinas, S.; Barigelletti, F. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2000, 29, 385-391.
23. (c) Brewer, R.; Jensen, G. E.; Brewer, K. J. Inorg. Chem. 1994, 33, 124-129.
24. (d) Sullivan, B. P.; Calvert, J. M.; Meyer, T. J. Inorg. Chem. 1980, 19, 1404-1407.
25. For a review on the photoreactivity of MLCT excited states, see: Vogler, A.; Kunkely, H. Coord. Chem. Rev. 1998, 177, 81-96.
26. (a) Sauvage, J.-P.; Collin, J.-P.; Chambron, J.-C.; Guillerez, S.; Coudret, C.; Balzani, V.; Barigelletti, F.; De Cola, L.; Flamigni, L. Chem. Rev. 1994, 94, 993-1019.
27. (b) Balzani, V.; Juris, A.; Venturi, M.; Campagna, S.; Serroni, S. Chem. Rev. 1996, 96, 759-833.
28. (c) Lehn, J.-M. Supramolecular Chemistry Concepts and Perspectives; VCH: New York, 1995.
29. (d) Balzani, V.; Ceroni, P.; Maestri, M.; Saudan, C.; Vicinilli, V. Top. Curr. Chem. 2003, 228, 159.
30. (e) Vogtle, F. Supramolecular Chemistry; Wiley: Chichester, U.K., 1991.
31. (f) Balzani, V.; Scandola, F. Supramolecular Photochemistry; Horwood: Chichester, U.K., 1991.
32. (g) Supramolecular Chemistry; Balzani, V., De Cola, L., Eds.; Kluwer: Dordrecht, Holland, 1992.
33. (h) Balzani, V.; Moggi, L.; Scandola, F. In Supramolecular Photochemistry; Balzani, V., Ed.; Reidel: Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 1987; p 1.
34. (i) Scandola, F.; Indelli, M. T.; Chiorboli, C.; Bignozzi, C. A. Top. Curr. Chem. 1990, 158, 73-149.
35. (j) Frontiers in Supramolecular Organic Chemistry and Photochemistry; Schneider, J., Durr, H., Eds.; VCH: Weinheim, Germany, 1991.
36. (k) Beer, P. D. Adv. Inorg. Chem. 1992, 39, 79.
37. (l) Bissel, R. A.; de Silva, A. P.; Gunaratne, H. Q. N.; Lynch, P. L. M.; Maguire, G. E. M.; Sandanayake, K. R. A. S. Chem. Soc. Rev. 1992, 21, 187-196.
38. (m) Bissel, R. A.; de Silva, A. P.; Gunaratne, H. Q. N.; Lynch, P. L. M.; Maguire, G. E. M.; McCoy, C. P.; Sandanayake, K. R. A. S. Top. Curr. Chem. 1993, 168, 223-264.
39. (n) Transition Metals in Supramolecular Chemistry; Fabbrizzi, L., Poggi, A., Eds.; Kluwer: Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 1994.
40. (o) Balzani, V.; Credi, A.; Scandola, F. In Transition Metals in Supramolecular Chemistry; Fabbrizzi, L., Poggi, A., Eds.; Kluwer: Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 1994; p 1.
41. (p) Balzani, V.; Scandola, F. In Comprehensive Supramolecular Chemistry; Reinhoudt, D. N., Ed.; Pergamon: London, 1996; Vol. 10.
42. (a) Newkome, G. R.; He, E.; Moorefield, C. N. Chem. Rev. 1999, 99, 1689-1746.
43. (b) Balzani, V.; Ceroni, P.; Juris, A.; Venturi, M.; Puntariero, S.; Campagna, S.; Serroni, S. Coord. Chem. Rev. 2001, 219-221, 545-572.
44. (c) Serroni, S.; Campagna, S.; Puntoriero, F.; di Pietro, C.; McClenaghan, N. D.; Loiseau, F. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2001, 30, 367-375.
45. (d) Balzani, V.; Campagna, S.; Denti, G.; Juris, A.; Serroni, S.; Venturi, M. Acc. Chem. Res. 1998, 31, 26-34.
46. (e) Sommovigo, M.; Denti, G.; Serroni, S.; Campagna, S.; Mingazzini, C.; Mariotti, C.; Juris, A. Inorg. Chem. 2001, 40, 3318-3323.
47. (f) Ceroni, P.; Paolucci, F.; Paradisi, C.; Juris, A.; Roffia, S.; Serroni, S.; Campagna, S.; Bard, A. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 5480-5759.
48. (g) Vogtle, F.; Plevoets, M.; Nieger, M.; Azzellini, G. C.; Gredi, A.; De Cola, L.; De Marchis, V.; Venturi, M.; Balzani, V. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1999, 121, 6290-6298.
49. (h) Barron, J. A.; Bernhard, S.; Houston, P. L.; Abruna, H. D.; Ruglovsky, J. L.; Malliaras, G. G. J. Phys. Chem. A 2003, 107, 8130-8133.
50. (a) Hatzidimitriou, A.; Gourdon, A.; Devillers, J.; Launay, J. P.; Mena, E.; Amouyal, E. Inorg. Chem. 1996, 35, 2212-2219.
51. (b) Balzani, V.; Credi, A.; Venturi, M. Chem.-Eur. J. 2002, 8, 5524-5532.
52. (c) Camera, S. G.; Toma, H. E. J. Photochem. Photobiol, A 2002, 151, 57-65.
53. (d) Brown, G. J.; de Silva, A. P.; Pagliari, S. Chem. Commun. 2002, 2461-2463.
54. (e) de Silva, A. P.; McClean, G. D.; Pagliari, S. Chem. Commun. 2003, 2010-2011.
55. (f) Callan, J. F.; de Silva, A. P.; McClenaghan, N. D. Chem. Commun. 2004, 2048-2049.
56. (g) Magri, D. C.; Brown, G. J.; McClean, G. D.; de Silva, A. P. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 4950-4951.
57. (a) Sauvage, J.-P. Acc. Chem. Res. 1998, 31, 611-619.
58. (b) Balzani, V.; Gomez-Lopez, M.; Stoddart, J. F. Acc. Chem. Res. 1998, 31, 405-414.
59. (c) Struct. Bonding (Berlin) 2001, 99, 1-281 (special volume on "Molecular Machines and Motors"),
60. (d) Balzani, V.; Credi, A.; Raymo, F. M.; Stoddart, J. F. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2000, 39, 3348-3391.
61. (e) Collin, J.-P.; Dietrich-Buchecker, C.; Gavina, P.; Jimenez-Molero, M. C.; Sauvage, J.-P. Acc. Chem. Res. 2001, 34, 477-487.
62. (f) Balzani, V.; Venture, M.; Credi, A. Molecular Devices and Machines; Wiley-VCH: Weinheim, Germany, 2003.
63. (g) Stoddart, J. F., Ed. Acc. Chem. Res. 2001, 34, 409-522 (special issue on "Molecular Machines").
64. (h) Blanco, M.-J.; Jimenez, M. C.; Chambron, J.-C.; Heitz, V.; Linke, M.; Sauvage, J.-P. Chem. Soc. Rev. 1999, 28, 293-306.
65. (i) Fabbrizzi, L.; Lichelli, M.; Pallavicini, P. Acc. Chem. Res. 1999, 32, 846-853.
66. (j) Amendole, V.; Mangono, C.; Fabbrizzi, P.; Pallavicini, P. Acc. Chem. Res. 2001, 34, 488-493.
67. (k) Wiskur, S. L.; Al-Haddou, H.; Lavigne, J. J.; Anslyn, E. V. Acc. Chem. Res. 2001, 34, 963-972.
68. (l) Badijic, J. D.; Balzani, V.; Credi, A.; Silvi, S.; Stoddart, J. F. Science 2004, 303, 1845-1849.
69. (m) Hernandez, J. V.; Kay, E. R.; Leigh, D. A. Science 2004, 306, 1532-1537.
70. (n) For an excellent account of the optical-based molecular devices and their actions (molecular manipulation of information based on optical read-out), see: de Silva, A. P.; McCaughan, B.; McKinney, B. O. F.; Querol, M. Dalton Trans. 2003, 1902-1913.
71. (a) Gratzel, M. Inorg. Chem. 2005, 44, 6841-6851 and references cited therein,
72. (b) Meyer, G. J. Inorg. Chem. 2005, 44, 6852-6864 and references cited therein.
73. (c) Kalyanasundaram, K.; Gratzel, M. Coord. Chem. Rev. 1998, 177, 347-414.
74. (d) Gerfin, T.; Gratzel, M.; Walder, L. Prog. Inorg. Chem. 1997, 44, 345-393.
75. (e) Hagfeldt, A.; Gratzel, M. Chem. Rev. 1995, 95, 49-68.
76. (f) Nazeeruddin, M. K. Ed.; Coord. Chem. Rev. 2004, 248, 1161-1530 (special volume on "Dye Sensitized Solar Cells").
77. (a) Alstrum-Acevedo, J. H.; Brennaman, M. K.; Meyer, T. J. Inorg. Chem. 2005, 44, 6802-6827 and references cited therein.
78. (b) Meyer, T. J. Acc. Chem. Res. 1989, 22, 163-170.
79. Hoertz, P. G.; Mallouk, T. E. Inorg. Chem. 2005, 44, 6828-6840 and references cited therein.
80. (a) Baudin, H. B.; Davidsson, J.; Serroni, S.; Juris, A.; Balzani, V.; Campagna, S.; Hammarstron, L. J. Phys. Chem. A 2002, 106, 4312-4319.
81. (b) Denti, G.; Campagna, S.; Serroni, S.; Ciano, M.; Balzani, V. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1992, 114, 2944-2950.
82. (c) Nowakowska, M.; Fovle, V. P.; Guillet, J. E. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 5975-5981.
83. (d) Gust, D.; Moore, T. A.; Moore, A. L. Acc. Chem. Res. 1993, 26, 198-205.
84. (a) Coe, B. J.; Houbrechts, S.; Asselberghs, I.; Persoons, A. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 1999, 38, 366-369.
85. (b) Coe, B. J. Chem.-Eur. J. 1999, 5, 2464-2471.
86. (a) Erkkila, K. E.; Odom, D. T.; Barton, J. K. Chem. Rev. 1999, 99, 2777-2796.
87. (b) Metcalfe, C.; Thomas, J. A. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2003, 32, 215-224.
88. (c) Ruba, E.; Hart, J. R.; Barton, J. K. Inorg. Chem. 2004, 43, 4570-4578.
89. (d) Nunez, M. E.; Barton, J. K. Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 2000, 4, 199-206.
90. (e) Foxon, S. P.; Metcalfe, C.; Adams, H.; Webb, M.; Thomas, J. A. Inorg. Chem. 2007, 46, 409-416.
91. (a) Friedman, A. E.; Chambron, J. C.; Sauvage, J.-P.; Turro, N. J.; Barton, J. K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 4960-4962.
92. (b) Jenkis, Y.; Friedman, A. E.; Turro, N. J.; Barton, J. K. Biochemistry 1992, 21, 809-816.
93. (c) Holmlin, R. E.; Stemp, E. D. A.; Barton, J. K. Inorg. Chem. 1998, 37, 29-34.
94. (d) Li, L.; Szmacinski, H.; Lakowicz, J. R. Biospectroscopy 1997, 3, 155-159.
95. (e) Li, L.; Szmacinski, H.; Lakowicz, J. R. Anal. Biochem. 1997, 244, 80-85.
96. (f) Terpetschnig, E.; Szmacinski, H.; Lakowicz, J. R. Anal. Biochem. 1995, 227, 140-147.
97. (g) Youn, H.; Terpetschnig, E.; Szmacinski, H.; Lakowicz, J. R. Anal. Biochem. 1995, 232, 24-30.
98. (h) Murtaza, Z.; Chang, Q.; Rao, G.; Lin, H.; Lakowicz, J. R. Anal. Biochem. 1997, 247, 216-222.
99. (i) Santos, T. M.; Goodfellow, B. J.; Drew, M. G. B.; Pedrosa de Jesus, J.; Felix, V. Met. Based Drugs 2001, 8, 125-136.
100. 3MLCT: (a) Crosby, G. A.; Perkins, W. G.; Klassen, D. M. J. Chem. Phys. 1965, 43, 1498-1503.
101. (b) Crosby, G. A.; Watts, R. J.; Carstens, D. H. W. Science 1970, 170, 1195-1196.
102. (c) For an extensive literature on the MLCT excited states, see: Treadway, J. A.; Loeb, B.; Lopez, R.; Anderson, P. A.; Keene, F. R.; Meyer, T. J. Inorg. Chem. 1996, 35, 2242-2246 and references cited therein.
103. (d) For excited-state electronic structures in polypyridine complexes containing unsymmetrical ligands, see: Omberg, K. M.; Smith, G. D.; Kavalinuas, D. A.; Chen, P.; Treadway, J. A.; Schoonover, J. R.; Palmer, R. A.; Meyer, T. J. Inorg. Chem. 1999, 38, 951-956 and references cited therein.
104. (a) Electron Transfer in Chemistry; Balzani, V., Ed.; Wiley-VCH: Weinheim, Germany, 2001; Vols. 1-5.
105. (b) Cannon, R. D. Electron-Transfer Reactions; Butterworth: London, 1980.
106. (c) Ferraudi, G. J. Elements of Inorganic Photochemistry; Wiley: New York, 1988.
107. (d) Sutin, N. Acc. Chem. Res. 1982, 15, 275-282.
108. (f) Sutin, N. Prog. Inorg. Chem. 1983, 30, 441.
109. (e) Meyer, T. J.; Taube, H. In Comprehensive Coordination Chemistry; Wilkinson, G., Gillard, R. D., McCleverty, J., Eds.; Pergamon: Oxford, England, 1987; Vol. 7, p 331.
110. (f) Gratzel, M. Heterogeneous Photochemical Electron Transfer, CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, 1989.
111. (g) Barbara, P. F.; Meyer, T. J.; Ratner, M. J. Phys. Chem. 1996, 100, 13148-13168.
112. (h) Gratzel, M.; Moser, J.-E. In Electron Transfer in Chemistry; Balzani, V., Ed.; Wiley-VCH: Weinheim, Germany, 2001; Vol. 5, p 589.
113. (i) Meyer, T. J. Acc. Chem. Res. 1978, 11, 94-100.
114. (j) For a review on photochemistry induced by MLCT excitation, see: Vogler, A.; Kunkely, H. Coord. Chem. Rev. 2000, 208, 321-329.
115. 6 metal ions having isoenergetic MLCT and ligand localized excited states, see: Baba, A. I.; Shaw, J. R.; Simon, J. A.; Thummel, R. P.; Schmehl, R. H. Coord. Chem. Rev. 1998, 171, 43-59.
116. (a) Beer, P. D.; Cadman, J. Coord. Chem. Rev. 2000, 205, 131-155.
117. (b) Keefe, M. H.; Benkstein, K. D.; Hupp, J. T. Coord. Chem. Rev. 2000, 205, 201-228.
118. (c) Prodi, L.; Bolletta, F.; Montalti, M.; Zaccheroni, N. Coord. Chem. Rev. 2000, 205, 59-83.
119. (d) Fabbrizzi, L.; Licchelli, M.; Rabaioli, G.; Taglietti, A. Coord. Chem. Rev. 2000, 205, 85-108.
120. (e) Valeur, B.; Leray, I. Coord. Chem. Rev. 2000, 205, 3-40.
121. (f) de Silva, A. P.; Gunaratne, H. Q. N.; Gunnlaugsson, T.; Huxley, A. J. M.; McCoy, C. P.; Rademacher, J. T.; Rice, T. E. Chem. Rev. 1997, 97, 1515-1566.
122. Anderson, P. A.; Deacon, G. B.; Haarmann, K. H.; Keene, F. R.; Meyer, T. J.; Reitsma, D. A.; Skelton, B. W.; Strouse, G. F.; Thomas, N. C.; Treadway, J. A.; White, A. H. Inorg. Chem. 1995, 34, 6145-6157.
123. (a) Ford, W. E.; Rodgers, M. A. J. J. Phys. Chem. 1992, 96, 2917-2920.
124. (b) Wilson, G. J.; Launikonis, A.; Sasse, W. H. F.; Mau, A. W. H. J. Phys. Chem. A 1997, 101, 4860-4866.
125. (c) Wilson, G. J.; Sasse, W. H. F.; Mau, A. W. H. Chem. Phys. Lett. 1996, 250, 583-588.
126. (d) Maubert, B.; McClenaghan, N. D.; Indelli, M. T.; Campagna, S. J. Phys. Chem. A 2003, 107, 447-455.
127. (e) Tyson, D. S.; Henbest, K. B.; Bialecki, J.; Castellano, F. N. J. Phys. Chem. A 2001, 105, 8154-8161.
128. McClenaghan, N. D.; Leydet, Y.; Maubert, B.; Indelli, M. T.; Campagna, S. Coord. Chem. Rev. 2005, 249, 1336-1350.
129. Rajalakshmanan, E.; Alexander, V. Syn. Commun. 2005, 35, 891-895.
130. Furniss, B. S.; Hannaford, A. J.; Rogers, V.; Smith, P. W. G.; Tatchell, A. R. Vogel's Textbook of Practical Organic Chemistry, 5th ed.; Pearson Education: Delhi, India, 2004.
131. Sullivan, B. P.; Salmon, D. J.; Meyer, T. J. Inorg. Chem. 1978, 17, 3334-3341.
132. Kober, E. M.; Caspar, J. V.; Sullivan, B. P.; Meyer, T. J. Inorg. Chem. 1988, 27, 4587-4598.
133. Collin, J.-P.; Guillerez, S.; Sauvage, J.-P.; Barigelletti, F.; De Cola, L.; Flamigni, L.; Balzani, V. Inorg. Chem. 1991, 30, 4230-4238.
134. (a) Case, F. H.; Kasper, T. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1956, 78, 5842-5844.
135. (b) Spahni, W.; Calzagerri, G. Helv. Chim. Acta 1984, 67, 450-454.
136. Constable, E. C.; Ward, M. D.; Corr, S. Inorg. Chim. Acta 1988, 141, 201-203.
137. Constable, E. C.; Thompson, A. M. W. C.; Cherryman, J.; Liddiment, T. Inorg. Chim. Acta 1995, 235, 165-171.
138. (a) Constable, E. C.; Hannon, M. J. Inorg. Chim. Acta 1993, 211, 101-110.
139. (b) Collin, J.-P.; Beley, M.; Sauvage, J.-P.; Barigelletti, F. Inorg. Chim. Acta 1991, 186, 91-93.
140. (a) Borie, A.; Kothe, O.; Juris. A. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 2002, 843-851.
141. (b) Bolger, J.; Gourdon, A.; Oshow, E.; Launay, J.-P. Inorg. Chem. 1996, 35, 2937-2946.
142. (a) Bergman, S. D.; Goldberg, I.; Barbieri, A.; Kol, M. Inorg. Chem. 2005, 44, 2513-2523.
143. (b) Bergman, S. D.; Goldberg, I.; Barbieri, A.; Barigelletti, F.; Kol, M. Inorg. Chem. 2004, 43, 2355-2367.
144. Hissel, M.; El-Ghayoury, A.; Harriman, A.; Ziessel, R. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 1998, 37, 1717-1720.
145. 35J-m (a) Heller, M.; Schubert, U. S. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2003, 947-961.
146. (b) Fallahpour, R.-A. Synthesis 2003, 155-184.
147. (c) Andres, P. R.; Hofmeier, H.; Lohmeijer, B. G. G.; Schubert, U. S. Synthesis 2003, 2865-2871.
148. (d) Ziessel, R. Synthesis 1999, 1839-1865.
149. (e) Hofmeier, H.; Schubert, U. S. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2004, 33, 373-399.
150. (f) Cargil Thomson, A. M. W. Coord. Chem. Rev. 1997, 160, 1-52.
151. (g) Baranoff, E.; Collin, J.-P.; Flamigni, L.; Sauvage, J.-P. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2004, 33, 147-155.
152. (h) Wang, J.; Hanan, G. S.; Loiseau, F.; Campagna, S. Chem Commun. 2004, 2068-2069.
153. (i) Medlycott, E. A.; Hannan, G. S. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2005, 43, 133-142.
154. (j) Balzani, V.; Barigelletti, F.; De Cola, L. Top. Curr. Chem. 1990, 158, 31.
155. (k) Horvath, O., Stevenson, K. L., Eds. Charge Transfer Photochemistry of Coordination Compounds; VCH: New York, 1993.
156. (l) Maestri, M.; Armaroli, N.; Balzani, V.; Constable, E. C.; Cargill Thompson, A. M. W. Inorg. Chem. 1995, 34, 2759-2767.
157. (m) Fang, Y.-Q.; Taylor, N. J.; Laverdiere, F.; Hanan, G. S.; Loiseau, F.; Nastasi, F.; Campagna, S.; Nierengarten, H.; Leize-Wagner, E.; Dorsselaer, A. V. Inorg. Chem. 2007, 46, 2854-2863.
158. (a) Jandrasics, E. Z.; Keene, F. R. J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans. 1997, 153-159.
159. (b) Rillema, D. P.; Allen, G. H.; Meyer, T. J.; Conrad, D. Inorg. Chem. 1983, 22, 1617-1632.
160. (c) Damrauer, N. H.; Boussie, T. R.; Denenney, M.; McCusker, J. K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1997, 119, 8253-8268.