Distinct functions between toll-like receptors 3 and 9 in retinal pigment epithelial cells

Ophthalmic Research

Volumn 39, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 155-163

  Ebihara, Nobuyuki ^a   Chen, Lizhong ^a,b   Tokura, Tomoko ^a   Ushio, Hiroko ^a   Iwatsu, Minoru ^a   Murakami, Akira ^a  

^a JUNTENDO UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (Japan)

^b CHINA MEDICAL UNIVERSITY   (China)

Author keywords

Interleukin 8; Intracellular adhesion molecule I; Junctional adhesion molecule I; Monocyte chemotactic protein I; Phagocytosis; Retinal pigment epithelial cell; Toll like receptor 3; Toll like receptor 9; Viral clearance

Indexed keywords

ANGIOGENIC FACTOR; BACTERIAL DNA; CHEMOKINE; CYTOKINE; DOUBLE STRANDED RNA; INTERCELLULAR ADHESION MOLECULE 1; INTERLEUKIN 8; JUNCTIONAL ADHESION MOLECULE A; MONOCYTE CHEMOTACTIC PROTEIN 1; POLYINOSINIC POLYCYTIDYLIC ACID; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR 3; TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR 9;

ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CPG ISLAND; DNA METHYLATION; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; MOLECULAR RECOGNITION; PIGMENT EPITHELIUM; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN FUNCTION; RETINA PIGMENT EPITHELIOPATHY; VIRUS CELL INTERACTION;

CELL ADHESION; CELL LINE; CHEMOKINE CCL2; ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY; FLOW CYTOMETRY; GENE EXPRESSION; HUMANS; INTERLEUKIN-8; PHAGOCYTOSIS; PIGMENT EPITHELIUM OF EYE; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; RNA; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR 3; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR 9;

EID: 34250850127     PISSN: 00303747     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1159/000103235     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Medzhitov R: Toll-like receptors and innate immunity. Nat Rev Immunol 2001;1:135-145.
2. Qureshi ST, Medzhitov R: Toll-like receptors and their role in experimental models of microbial infection. Genes Immun 2003;4:87-94.
3. Tabeta K, Georgel P, Janssen E, Du X, Hoebe K, Crozat K, Mudd S, Shamel L, Sovath S, Goode J, Alexopoulou L, Flavell RA, Beutler B: Toll-like receptors 9 and 3 as essential components of innate immune defense against mouse cytomegalovirus infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2004;101:3516-3521.
4. Yamamoto M, Takeda K, Akira S: TIR domain-containing adaptors define the specificity of TLR signaling. Mol Immunol 2004;40:861-868.
5. Alexopoulou L, Holt AC, Medzhitov R, Flavell RA: Recognition of double-stranded RNA and activation of NF-kappaB by Tolllike receptor 3. Nature 2001;413:732-738.
6. Edelmann KH, Richardson-Burns S, Alexopoulou L, Tyler KL, Flavell RA, Oldstone MB: Does Toll-like receptor 3 play a biological role in virus infections? Virology 2004;322:231-238.
7. Wang T, Town T, Alexopoulou L, Anderson JF, Fikrig E, Flavell RA: Toll-like receptor 3 mediates West Nile virus entry into the brain causing lethal encephalitis. Nat Med 2004;10:1366-1373.
8. Diebold SS, Kaisho T, Hemmi H, Akira S, Reis ESC: Innate antiviral responses by means of TLR7-mediated recognition of single-stranded RNA. Science 2004;303:1529-1531.
9. Heil F, Hemmi H, Hochrein H, Ampenberger F, Kirschning C, Akira S, Lipford G, Wagner H, Bauer S: Species-specific recognition of single-stranded RNA via toll-like receptor 7 and 8. Science 2004;303:1526-1529.
10. Lund JM, Alexopoulou L, Sato A, Karow M, Adams NC, Gale NW, Iwasaki A, Flavell RA: Recognition of single-stranded RNA viruses by Toll-like receptor 7. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2004;101:5598-5603.
11. Karlin S, Doerfler W, Cardon LR: Why is CpG suppressed in the genomes of virtually all small eukaryotic viruses but not in those of large eukaryotic viruses? J Virol 1994;68: 2889-2897.
12. Hemmi H, Takeuchi O, Kawai T, Kaisho T, Sato S, Sanjo H, Matsumoto M, Hoshino K, Wagner H, Takeda K, Akira S: A Toll-like receptor recognizes bacterial DNA. Nature 2000;408:740-745.
13. Krug A, Luker GD, Barchet W, Leib DA, Akira S, Colonna M: Herpes simplex virus type 1 activates murine natural interferon-producing cells through toll-like receptor 9. Blood 2003;103:1433-1437.
14. Krug A, Luker GD, Barchet W, Leib DA, Akira S, Colonna M: Herpes simplex virus type 1 activates murine natural interferon-producing cells through toll-like receptor 9. Blood 2004;103:1433-1437.
15. Lund J, Sato A, Akira S, Medzhitov R, Iwasaki A: Toll-like receptor 9-mediated recognition of Herpes simplex virus-2 by plasmacytoid dendritic cells. J Exp Med 2003;19:513-520.
16. Bodaghi B, Goureau O, Zipeto D, Laurent L, Virelizier JL, Michelson S: Role of IFN-gamma-induced indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase and inducible nitric oxide synthase in the replication of human cytomegalovirus in retinal pigment epithelial cells. J Immunol 1999;162:957-964.
17. Bodaghi B, Slobbe-van Drunen ME, Topilko A, Perret E, Vossen RC, van Dam-Mieras MC, Zipeto D, Virelizier JL, LeHoang P, Bruggeman CA, Michelson S: Entry of human cytomegalovirus into retinal pigment epithelial and endothelial cells by endocytosis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1999;40:2598-2607.
18. Cinatl J Jr, Blaheta R, Bittoova M, Scholz M, Margraf S, Vogel JU, Cinatl J, Doerr HW: Decreased neutrophil adhesion to human cytomegalovirus-infected retinal pigment epithelial cells is mediated by virus-induced up-regulation of Fas ligand independent of neutrophil apoptosis. J Immunol 2000;165:4405-4413.
19. Cinatl J Jr, Margraf S, Vogel JU, Scholz M, Cinatl J, Doerr HW: Human cytomegalovirus circumvents NF-kappa B dependence in retinal pigment epithelial cells. J Immunol 2001;167:1900-1908.
20. Miceli MV, Newsome DA, Novak LC, Beuerman RW: Cytomegalovirus replication in cultured human retinal pigment epithelial cells. Curr Eye Res 1989;8:835-839.
21. Detrick B, Rhame J, Wang Y, Nagineni CN, Hooks JJ: Cytomegalovirus replication in human retinal pigment epithelial cells: altered expression of viral early proteins. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1996;3:814-825.
22. Detrick B, Nagineni CN, Grillone LR, Anderson KP, Henry SP, Hooks JJ: Inhibition of human cytomegalovirus replication in a human retinal epithelial cell model by antisense oligonucleotides. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2001;42:163-169.
23. Huemer HP, Larcher C, Kirchebner W, Klingenschmid J, Gottinger W, Irschick EU: Susceptibility of human retinal pigment epithelial cells to different viruses. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 1996;234:177-185.
24. Tugizov S, Maidji E, Pereira L: Role of apical and basolateral membranes in replication of human cytomegalovirus in polarized retinal pigment epithelial cells. J Gen Virol 1996;77:61-74.
25. Topp KS, Rothman AL, Lavail JH: Herpes virus infection of RPE and MDCK cells: polarity of infection. Exp Eye Res 1997;64:343-354.
26. Vrabec TR, Baldassano VF, Whitcup SM: Discontinuation of maintenance therapy in patients with quiescent cytomegalovirus retinitis and elevated CD4+ counts. Ophthalmology 1998;105:1259-1264.
27. Scholz M, Doerr HW, Cinatl J: Human cytomegalovirus retinitis: pathogenicity, immune evasion and persistence. Trends Microbiol 2003;11:171-178.
28. Kuo IC, Kempen JH, Dunn JP, Vogelsang G, Jabs DA: Clinical characteristics and outcomes of cytomegalovirus retinitis in persons without human immunodeficiency virus infection. Am J Ophthalmol 2004;138:338-346.
29. Kumar MV, Nagineni CN, Chin MS, Hooks JJ, Detrick B: Innate immunity in the retina: Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling in human retinal pigment epithelial cells. J Neuroimmunol 2004;153:7-15.
30. Chu WM, Ostertag D, Li ZW, Chang L, Chen Y, Hu Y, Williams B, Perrault J, Karin M: JNK2 and IKKbeta are required for activating the innate response to viral infection. Immunity 1999;11:721-731.
31. Martin-Padura I, Lostaglio S, Schneemann M, Williams L, Romano M, Fruscella P, Panzeri C, Stoppacciaro A, Ruco L, Villa A, Simmons D, Dejana E: Junctional adhesion molecule, a novel member of the immunoglobulin superfamily that distributes at intercellular junctions and modulates monocyte transmigration. J Cell Biol 1998;42:117-127.
32. Lechner F, Sahrbacher U, Suter T, Frei K, Brockhaus M, Koedel U, Fontana A: Antibodies to the junctional adhesion molecule cause disruption of endothelial cells and do not prevent leukocyte influx into the meninges after viral or bacterial infection. J Infect Dis 2000;182:978-982.
33. Chavakis T, Keiper T, Matz-Westphal R, Hersemeyer K, Sachs UJ, Nawroth PP, Preissner KT, Santoso S: The junctional adhesion molecule-C promotes neutrophil transendothelial migration in vitro and in vivo. J Biol Chem 2004;279:55602-55608.
34. Latz E, Schoenemeyer A, Visintin A, Fitzgerald KA, Monks BG, Knetter CF, Lien E, Nilsen NJ, Espevik T, Golenbock DT: TLR9 signals after translocating from the ER to CpG DNA in the lysosome. Nat Immunol 2004;5:190-198.
35. Barton GM, Kagan JC, Medzhitov R: Intracellular localization of Toll-like receptor 9 prevents recognition of self DNA but facilitates access to viral DNA. Nat Immunol 2006;7:49-56.
36. Irschick EU, Haas G, Geiger M, Singer W, Ritsch-Marte M, Konwalinka G, Frick M, Gottinger W, Huemer HP: Phagocytosis of human retinal pigment epithelial cells: evidence of a diurnal rhythm, involvement of the cytoskeleton and interference of antiviral drugs. Ophthalmic Res 2006;38:164-174.
37. Blander JM, Medzhitov R: Regulation of phagosome maturation by signals from tolllike receptors. Science 2004;304:1014-1018.
38. Doyle SE, O'Connell RM, Miranda GA, Vaidya SA, Chow EK, Liu PT, Suzuki S, Suzuki N, Modlin RL, Yeh WC, Lane TF, Cheng G: Toll-like receptors induce a phagocytic gene program through p38. J Exp Med 2004;199:81-90.
39. Akhtar M, Watson JL, Nazli A, McKay DM: Bacterial DNA evokes epithelial IL-8 production by a MAPK-dependent, NF-kappaB-independent pathway. FASEB J 2003;17:1319-1321.
40. Bian ZM, Elner SG, Yoshida A, Elner VM: Differential involvement of phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt in human RPE MCP-1 and IL-8 expression. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2004;45:1887-1896.