Gas treatments for increasing the phytochemical content of fruits and vegetables

Stewart Postharvest Review

Volumn 3, Issue 3, 2007, Pages

  Vigneault, Clément ^a   Artés Hernández, Francisco ^b  

^a AGRICULTURE AND AGRI FOOD CANADA   (Canada)

^b TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF CARTAGENA   (Spain)

Author keywords

Antioxidant; Controlled atmosphere; High oxygen; Modified atmosphere packaging; Ozone; Polyphenols

Indexed keywords

EID: 34249903064     PISSN: None     EISSN: 17459656     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2212/spr.2007.3.8     Document Type: Review

References (76)

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4. 2) on decay, physicochemical properties and quality of litchis throughout 42 days were investigated.
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7. *Imahori Y, Suzuki Y, Uemura K, Kishioka I, Fujiwara H, Ueda Y and Chachin K. Physiological and quality responses of Chinese chive leaves to low oxygen atmosphere. Postharvest Biology and Technology 2004: 24(3): 295-303
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11. Rodov V, Copel A, Aharoni N, Aharoni Y, Wiseblum A, Horev B and Vinokur Y. Nested modified-atmosphere packages maintain quality of trimmed sweet corn during cold storage and the shelf life period. Postharvest Biology and Technology 2000: 18(3):259-266. The present communication describes the performance of nested packages during cold storage and shelf-life of sweet corn, as well as during trial shipment of the produce from Israel to Europe.
12. Barth MM and Zhuang H. Packaging design affects antioxidant vitamin retention and quality of broccoli florets during postharvest storage. Postharvest Biology and Technology 1996: 9(2):141-150. **Different gas compositions for MAP broccoli florets are presented. Their effects on some bioactive compounds are presented. Net advantages of using MAP in terms of antioxidants are demonstrated.
13. Niva M. All foods affect health: Understandings of functional foods and healthy eating among health-oriented Finns. Appetite 2007: 48:384-393. *This article analyses lay understandings of health-promoting foods in Finland by examining the ways in which middle-aged health-oriented consumers make sense of functional foods in the context of healthy eating.
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17. 2 throughout storage on the microbial and sensory quality of fresh-cut bell peppers grown under different climatic conditions were studied.
18. 2 atmospheres are reported.
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20. 2-enriched CA on the postharvest behaviour, chemical and sensory quality, and physiological disorders and decay development of celery stalks stored at 4°C.
21. 2 gas concentration allows extending storage period even maturity and other factors have great influence on storage life.
22. 2) composition on physiological activities of a variety of grapes. Superatmospheric was not recommended for storing that variety of grapes.
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25. Prange RK, DeLong JM, Daniels-Lake BJ, Harrison PA. Innovation in controlled atmosphere technology. Stewart Postharvest Review 2005: 3(9):1-11. This is an important literature review on the effect of CA storage for storing horticultural produce.
26. Day B, Bankier W, and González M. Novel modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) for fresh prepared produce. Campden and Chorleywood Food Research Association, Chipping Campden, UK 1998: Research Summary Sheet 13.
27. 2 have been reported to improve the shelf-life of fresh-cut broccoli florets and crisphead and green leaf lettuce pieces.
28. 2). Total antioxidant activity, and radical scavenging activity increased considerably, irrespective of the environmental conditions during storage. A slight decrease in anthocyanins was observed in apples stored in air, while the CA treatment did not cause any significant changes. The high activity of polyphenol oxidase, determined in freshly harvested fruits, dropped to low or undetectable levels after cold storage, both in the regular chamber and in CA, and increased slightly after the high temperature treatment.
29. Zee JA, Carmichael L, Codère D, Poirier D and Fournier M. Effect of storage conditions on the stability of vitamin C in various fruits and vegetables produced and consumed in Quebec. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 1991: 4(1):77-86. *This work is one of the precursor studies on bioactive components in fruits and vegetables.
30. 2) have been used as an inexpensive non-chemical way to prevent physiological disorders and delay ripening in Summerset peaches. Ethanol and acetaldehyde concentrations were measured after treatment application, and periodically during storage under aerobic conditions. Ethanol production was analysed by response surface methodology, with time and temperature of exposure to anoxia being the independent variables. Effect of anoxia on flesh firmness was positive, since all treatments slowed fruit softening. The effect of combination of duration and temperature were measured on ethanol and acetaldehyde concentration throughout storage.
31. 2 CA storage on one apple variety. They also studied in detail some effects of CA storage on bioactive molecules and present methods for measuring bioactive molecules and the effect of gas composition on horticultural produce.
32. Karaoulanis GD and Dilley D. Ethanol content of ripening apples (variety Mutsu) and ethylene production during storage under anaerobic conditions at room temperature. International Journal of Refrigeration 1993: 16(5): 364-366.
33. Awad MA and de Jager A. Flavonoid and chlorogenic acid concentrations in skin of 'Jonagold' and 'Elstar' apples during and after regular and ultra low oxygen storage. Postharvest Biology and Technology 2000: 20(1):15-24. **The authors demonstrated the effect of CA storage on two apple varieties during three storage seasons. They also studied the effect of CA storage on catechins, phloridzin, chlorogenic acid, cyaniding 3-galactoside and other flavonoid classes.
34. Awad MA and de Jager A. Influences of air and controlled atmosphere storage on the concentration of potentially healthful phenolics in apples and other fruits. Postharvest Biology and Technology 2003: 27(1):53-58. **The title and the abstract of this paper mislead the reader. Although this paper is a very good review article, there is nothing about experiments demonstrating the effect of normal air or CA storage on apples quality. However, it is a good literature review.
35. 2 were compared with normal air conditions.
36. Mareczek A, Leja M and Ben J. Total phenolics, anthocyanins and antioxidant activity in the peel of the stored apples. Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research 2000: 8:59-64 **Compared levels of total phenolics in the peel of 'Golden Reinders', 'Gala Must' and 'Gala Must' apples under CA storage conditions.
37. 2 levels for fruits and vegetables.
38. 2) for up to 6 weeks. Changes in firmness, soluble solids content, TA, weight loss, shrivelling, antioxidant activities and total phenolic content are reported.
39. 2 as a postharvest treatment to extend the storage duration of mature cv. Barhi dates, while maintaining their composition.
40. Bibi N and Khattak AB. Effect of modified atmosphere on methanol extractable phenolics of persimmon. International journal of food science & technology 2007: 42(2): 185-189. **Persimmon fruits were exposed to ethanol and N2 atmospheres, stored for 5 weeks at ambient temperature and analysed weekly for phenolic compounds responsible for astringency and other sensory properties.
41. 2 atmosphere and normal atmosphere gas composition.
42. 2 concentration and air exposure at room temperature.
43. 2) on firmness, respiration rate, quality, weight loss, total phenols and flavonoids contents, and total antioxidative activities of cranberries at 3°C were reported.
44. Gil MI, Ferreres F and Tomas-Barberán FA. Effect of modified atmosphere packaging on the flavonoids and vitamin C content of minimally processed swiss chard (Beta vulgaris subspecies cycla). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 1998: 46:2007-2012. *Demonstrated the effect of MAP on total flavonoid content of processed Swiss chard.
45. Gil MI, Ferreres F and Tomas-Barberán FA. Effect of postharvest storage and processing on the antioxidant constituents (flavonoids and vitamin C) of fresh cut spinach. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 1999: 47:2213-2217. **Demonstrated the effect of MAP on vitamin C content of fresh-cut spinach.
46. Jones RB, Faragher JD and Winkler S. A review of the influence of postharvest treatments on quality and glucosinolate content in broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) heads. Postharvest Biology and Technology 2006: 41(1): 1-8. **The parameters and techniques (temperature, RH, CA storage or MAP and processing) for maintaining postharvest quality in broccoli heads and the effects on the main phytochemicals contained within broccoli (glucosinolates) are reviewed.
47. Verkerk R, Dekker M and Jongen WM Post-harvest increase of indolyl glucosinolates in response to chopping and storage of Brassica vegetables. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 2001: 81:953-958.
48. 2 on pH, TA, and organic acid and sugar concentrations, to understand the effects of CA storage, and their influence on anthocyanin stability and colour expression.
49. Darezzo H, Benedetti B, Deliza R, Cenci S and Goncalves E. Evaluation of quality attributes of fresh-cut lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) stored in different controlled atmospheres. Acta Horticulturae 2003: 600:213-219.
50. 2 (as a control) on the metabolic activity and quality of intact and sliced 'Orion' fennel was studied.
51. Escalona VH, Aguayo E and Francisco Artés. Metabolic activity and quality changes of whole and fresh-cut kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea L. gongylodes group) stored under controlled atmospheres. Postharvest Biology and Technology 2006: 181-190. *The effect of different CAs on the metabolic activity and quality of kohlrabi stems and slices was studied.
52. Huyskens-Keil S and Schreiner M. Quality dynamics and quality assurance of fresh fruit and vegetables in pre- and postharvest. In: Production Practices and Quality Assessment of Food Crops. Dris R and Jain S (editors). Dordrecht, Dordrecht, Netherlands. Kluwer Academic Publishers; 2004: pp. 401-449.
53. Holcroft DM, Gil MI and Kader AA. Effect of carbon dioxide on anthocyanins, phenylalanine ammonia lyase and glucosyltransferase in the arils of stored pomegranates. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 1998: 123:136-140.
54. Leja M, Mareczek A and Ben J. Antioxidant properties of two apple cultivars during long-term storage. Food Chemistry 2003: 80(3):303-307 **Antioxidative activity was evaluated for two apple cultivars stored for 4 months at 0°C in a regular storage chamber or under CA. Following cold storage, fruit were additionally stored for 7 days at 16°C.
55. Schreiner MC, Peters PJ and Krumbein AB. Glucosinolates in mixed-packaged mini broccoli and mini cauliflower under modified atmosphere. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2006: 54(6): 2218-2222. **Contents of total and individual glucosinolates of mini broccoli were assessed to determine the effect of MAP on postharvest glucosinolate dynamics of mixed mini Brassica vegetables.
56. Hansen M, Moller P and Sorensen H. Glucosinolates in broccoli stored under controlled atmosphere. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 1995: 120:1069-1074.
57. Schreiner M, Huyskens-Keil S, Krumbein A, Prono-Widayat H, Peters P and Lüdders P. Comparison of film packaging and surface coating on bioactive substances in fruit and vegetables. KTBL-Schrift 2003: 414:39-44.
58. Tian SP, Jiang AL, Xu Y and Wang YS. Responses of physiology and quality of sweet cherry fruit to different atmospheres in storage. Food Chemistry 2004: 87(1):43-49. **Different gas compositions for storing sweet cherry are presented. Their effects on some bioactive compounds are presented.
59. Jeffery EH, Brown AF, Kurilich AC, Keck AS, Matusheski N, Klein BP and Juvik JA. Variation in content of bioactive components in broccoli. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 2003: 16(3):323-330.
60. Kader A. Postharvest Technology of Horticultural Crops. Kader AA (editor). Davis, CA, USA: University of California; 2002 Publication 3311. 514 p. **An excellent book for postharvest technology.
61. Saltveit M. A summary of CA requirements and recommendations for vegetables. Acta Horticulturae 2003: 600:723-727.
62. 2 have been assayed to improve trans-resveratrol content in harvested grapes.
63. 2 and MAP on plant metabolism, organoleptic quality and microbial growth of minimally-processed baby spinach was studied.
64. Frenkel C and Garrison SA. Initiation of lycopene synthesis in tomato mutant rin as influenced by oxygen and ethylene interactions. Hortscience 1976: 11:20-21.
65. 2level).
66. 3 treatment increased stilbenoid (mainly resveratrol) content in the grape berries, after transferring to 15°C after cold storage, although anthocyanin and flavonol content did not increase. Important increase of some bioactive compounds using gas treatment is presented.
67. 2 on total phenols, total anthocyanins, individual phenols and antioxidant capacity in blueberry fruit was investigated.
68. 2 treatment may be used to maintain the storage quality and nutraceutical properties of shredded carrots.
69. 3 treatment are presented.
70. Bagamboula CF, Uyttendaele M, Debevere J. Inhibitory effect of thyme and basil essential oils, carvacrol, thymol, estragol, linalool and p-cymene towards Shigella sonnei and S. flexneri. Food Microbiology 2004: 21: 33-42.
71. Lambert RJW, Skandamis PN, Coote PJ and Nychas GJE. A study of the minimum inhibitory concentration and mode of action of oregano essential oil, thymol and carvacrol. Journal of Applied Microbiology 2001: 91: 453-462.
72. Ultee A, Bennik MHJ and Moezelaar R. The phenolic hydroxyl group is essential for action against the food-borne pathogen: Bacillus cereus. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 2002: 68:1561-1568.
73. Saltveit ME. Effect of 1-methylcyclopropene on phenylpropanoid metabolism, the accumulation of phenolic compounds, and browning of whole and fresh-cut 'iceberg' lettuce. Postharvest Biology and Technology 2004: 34(1):75-80. *The effectiveness of 1-methylcyclopropene in reducing wound- and ethylene-induced phenolic metabolism, accumulation of phenolic compounds and tissue browning was investigated in lettuce (cv. Iceberg).
74. 2.
75. 3 treatment are presented.
76. Tao F, Zhang M and Yu HQ. Effect of vacuum cooling on physiological changes in the antioxidant system of mushroom under different storage conditions. Journal of Food Engineering 2007: 79(4): 1302-1309. **Effects of vacuum cooling treatment and storage conditions on the activities of lipid oxidation, superoxide anion generation, superoxide dismutase, catalase, POD and PPO were investigated in mushrooms. Produce cooled to 5°C by vacuum cooling increased some physiological activities while others decreased. During storage, the highest expression of the enzymatic antioxidant system was found in mushrooms stored under MAP with vacuum cooling treatment.