메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 10, Issue 1, 2004, Pages 45-57

Thin-film permeation-barrier technology for flexible organic light-emitting devices

Author keywords

Flexible displays; Organic light emitting devices (OLEDs); Permeation barriers

Indexed keywords

BRITTLENESS; CATHODES; ELECTRIC FIELD EFFECTS; ENCAPSULATION; GLASS; LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAYS; POLYMERS; THIN FILMS;

EID: 2442707992     PISSN: 1077260X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/JSTQE.2004.824072     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (504)

References (136)
  • 1
    • 0031076948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vacuum-deposited, nonpolymeric flexible organic light-emitting devices
    • G. Gu, P. E. Burrows, S. Venkatesh, S. R. Forrest, and M. E. Thompson, "Vacuum-deposited, nonpolymeric flexible organic light-emitting devices," Opt. Lett., vol. 22, pp. 172-174, 1997.
    • (1997) Opt. Lett. , vol.22 , pp. 172-174
    • Gu, G.1    Burrows, P.E.2    Venkatesh, S.3    Forrest, S.R.4    Thompson, M.E.5
  • 2
    • 0027576745 scopus 로고
    • The 'plastic' LED: A flexible light-emitting device using a polyaniline transparent electrode
    • G. Gustaffson, G. M. Treacy, Y. Cao, F. Klavetter, N. Colaneri, and A. J. Heeger, "The 'plastic' LED: A flexible light-emitting device using a polyaniline transparent electrode," Synth. Meter., vol. 55-57, pp. 4123-4127, 1993.
    • (1993) Synth. Meter. , vol.55-57 , pp. 4123-4127
    • Gustaffson, G.1    Treacy, G.M.2    Cao, Y.3    Klavetter, F.4    Colaneri, N.5    Heeger, A.J.6
  • 7
    • 2442675497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thin film encapsulated flexible OLEDs
    • _, "Thin film encapsulated flexible OLEDs," in Proc. Soc. Inform. Display Symp., Dig. Tech. Papers, vol. 34, 2003, pp. 868-871.
    • (2003) Proc. Soc. Inform. Display Symp., Dig. Tech. Papers , vol.34 , pp. 868-871
  • 8
    • 0036648954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • OLED Encapsulation
    • July
    • K. Allen, "OLED Encapsulation," Inform. Display, p. 26, July 2002.
    • (2002) Inform. Display , pp. 26
    • Allen, K.1
  • 9
    • 21544459113 scopus 로고
    • Organic electroluminescent diodes
    • C. W. Tang and S. A. VanSlyke, "Organic electroluminescent diodes," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 51, pp. 913-915, 1987.
    • (1987) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.51 , pp. 913-915
    • Tang, C.W.1    VanSlyke, S.A.2
  • 12
    • 0026881230 scopus 로고
    • Flexible light-emitting diodes made from soluble conducting polymers
    • G. Gustafsson, Y. Cao, G. M. Treacy, F. Klavetter, N. Colaneri, and A. J. Heeger, "Flexible light-emitting diodes made from soluble conducting polymers," Nature, vol. 357, pp. 477-479, 1992.
    • (1992) Nature , vol.357 , pp. 477-479
    • Gustafsson, G.1    Cao, Y.2    Treacy, G.M.3    Klavetter, F.4    Colaneri, N.5    Heeger, A.J.6
  • 13
    • 2442714127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Passivated organic device having alternating layers of polymer and dielectric," U.S. Patent 5757126
    • T. B. Harvey, S. Q. Shi, and F. So, "Passivated organic device having alternating layers of polymer and dielectric," U.S. Patent 5757126, 1998.
    • (1998)
    • Harvey, T.B.1    Shi, S.Q.2    So, F.3
  • 14
    • 2442688100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Encapsualated organic electronic devices and method for making the same," International Patent WO 02/05361 A1
    • F. B. McCormick, P. F. Baude, and G. D. Vernstrom, "Encapsualated organic electronic devices and method for making the same," International Patent WO 02/05361 A1.
    • McCormick, F.B.1    Baude, P.F.2    Vernstrom, G.D.3
  • 15
    • 2442660457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Passivated organic devices," U.S. Patent 5686360
    • T. B. Harvey, S. Q. Shi, and F. So, "Passivated organic devices," U.S. Patent 5686360, 1997.
    • (1997)
    • Harvey, T.B.1    Shi, S.Q.2    So, F.3
  • 16
    • 2442669231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Environmental barrier material for organic light emitting device and method for making," U.S. Patent 6268695
    • D. Affinito, "Environmental barrier material for organic light emitting device and method for making," U.S. Patent 6268695, 2001.
    • (2001)
    • Affinito, D.1
  • 20
    • 0037209784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Durability of nanosized oxygen-barrier coatings on polymers
    • Y. Leterrier, "Durability of nanosized oxygen-barrier coatings on polymers," Prog. in Mater. Sci., vol. 48, pp. 1-55, 2003.
    • (2003) Prog. in Mater. Sci. , vol.48 , pp. 1-55
    • Leterrier, Y.1
  • 22
    • 2442645389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organic light emitting diode (OLED)" International Patent WO 03/047317, June 5
    • K. E. Lin, S. K. Ramadas, and S. J. Chua, "Organic light emitting diode (OLED)," International Patent WO 03/047317, June 5, 2003.
    • (2003)
    • Lin, K.E.1    Ramadas, S.K.2    Chua, S.J.3
  • 23
    • 0029657431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxygen diffusion barrier properties of transparent oxide coatings on polymeric substrates
    • H. Chatham, "Oxygen diffusion barrier properties of transparent oxide coatings on polymeric substrates," Surf. Coat. Technol., vol. 78, pp. 1-9, 1996.
    • (1996) Surf. Coat. Technol. , vol.78 , pp. 1-9
    • Chatham, H.1
  • 24
    • 2442669232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Melinex™, E. I. du Pont de Nemors Co. Wilmington, DE, USA
    • Melinex™, E. I. du Pont de Nemors Co. Wilmington, DE, USA.
  • 25
    • 2442706715 scopus 로고
    • "Electroluminescent device with improved cathode," U.S. Patent 4885211
    • C. W. Tang and S. A. VanSlyke, "Electroluminescent device with improved cathode," U.S. Patent 4885211, 1989.
    • (1989)
    • Tang, C.W.1    VanSlyke, S.A.2
  • 26
    • 2442684330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Organic EL device," U.S. Patent 6280861 B1
    • C. Hosokawa, M. Matsuura, and H. Tokailin, "Organic EL device," U.S. Patent 6280861 B1, 2001.
    • (2001)
    • Hosokawa, C.1    Matsuura, M.2    Tokailin, H.3
  • 27
    • 0028767281 scopus 로고
    • Polyaniline as a transparent electrode for polymer light-emitting devices: Lower operating voltage and higher efficiency
    • Y. Yang and A. J. Heeger, "Polyaniline as a transparent electrode for polymer light-emitting devices: Lower operating voltage and higher efficiency," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 64, pp. 1245-1247, 1994.
    • (1994) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.64 , pp. 1245-1247
    • Yang, Y.1    Heeger, A.J.2
  • 28
    • 0020165976 scopus 로고
    • Electrical conduction and low voltage blue electroluminescence in vacuum-deposited organic films
    • P. S. Vincett, W. A. Barlow, R. H. Hann, and G. G. Roberts, "Electrical conduction and low voltage blue electroluminescence in vacuum-deposited organic films," Thin Solid Films, vol. 94, pp. 171-183, 1982.
    • (1982) Thin Solid Films , vol.94 , pp. 171-183
    • Vincett, P.S.1    Barlow, W.A.2    Hann, R.H.3    Roberts, G.G.4
  • 29
    • 0031232824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultrathin organic films grown by organic molecular beam deposition and related techniques
    • S. R. Forrest, "Ultrathin organic films grown by organic molecular beam deposition and related techniques," Chem. Rev., vol. 97, pp. 1793-1896, 1997.
    • (1997) Chem. Rev. , vol.97 , pp. 1793-1896
    • Forrest, S.R.1
  • 30
    • 0020764217 scopus 로고
    • Electroluminescence from polyvinylcarbazole films. I. Carbazole cations
    • R. H. Partridge, "Electroluminescence from polyvinylcarbazole films. I. Carbazole cations," Polymer, vol. 24, pp. 733-762, 1983.
    • (1983) Polymer , vol.24 , pp. 733-762
    • Partridge, R.H.1
  • 32
    • 0032472660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ink jet printing of doped polymers for organic light emitting devices
    • T. R. Hebner, C. C. Wu, D. Marcy, M. H. Lu, and J. C. Sturm, "Ink jet printing of doped polymers for organic light emitting devices," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 72, pp. 519-521, 1998.
    • (1998) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.72 , pp. 519-521
    • Hebner, T.R.1    Wu, C.C.2    Marcy, D.3    Lu, M.H.4    Sturm, J.C.5
  • 34
    • 0042079016 scopus 로고
    • Organic electroluminescent device with cyanine dye
    • M. Era, C. Adachi, T. Tsutsui, and S. Saito, "Organic electroluminescent device with cyanine dye," Thin Solid Films, vol. 210/211, pp. 468-470, 1992.
    • (1992) Thin Solid Films , vol.210-211 , pp. 468-470
    • Era, M.1    Adachi, C.2    Tsutsui, T.3    Saito, S.4
  • 35
    • 0030262791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organic electroluminescence devices fabricated with chemical vapour deposited films
    • M. S. Weaver and D. D. C. Bradley, "Organic electroluminescence devices fabricated with chemical vapour deposited films," Synth. Meter., vol. 83, pp. 61-66, 1996.
    • (1996) Synth. Meter. , vol.83 , pp. 61-66
    • Weaver, M.S.1    Bradley, D.D.C.2
  • 38
    • 0000491876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Semitransparent cathodes for organic light emitting devices
    • P. E. Burrows, G. Gu, S. R. Forrest, E. P. Vincenzi, and T. X. Zhou, "Semitransparent cathodes for organic light emitting devices," J. Appl. Phys., vol. 87, pp. 3080-3085, 2000.
    • (2000) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.87 , pp. 3080-3085
    • Burrows, P.E.1    Gu, G.2    Forrest, S.R.3    Vincenzi, E.P.4    Zhou, T.X.5
  • 40
    • 0001082422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sputter deposition of cathodes in organic light emitting devices
    • L. S. Hung, L. S. Liao, C. S. Lee, and S. T. Lee, "Sputter deposition of cathodes in organic light emitting devices," J. Appl. Phys., vol. 86, pp. 4607-4612, 1999.
    • (1999) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.86 , pp. 4607-4612
    • Hung, L.S.1    Liao, L.S.2    Lee, C.S.3    Lee, S.T.4
  • 42
    • 0001092057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lithium aluminum contacts for organic light emitting devices
    • E. I. Haskal, A. Curioni, P. F. Seidler, and W. Andreoni, "Lithium aluminum contacts for organic light emitting devices," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 71, pp. 1151-1153, 1997.
    • (1997) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.71 , pp. 1151-1153
    • Haskal, E.I.1    Curioni, A.2    Seidler, P.F.3    Andreoni, W.4
  • 43
    • 0030834751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced electron injection in organic electroluminescent devices using and Al/LiF electrode
    • L. S. Hung, C. W. Tang, and M. G. Mason, "Enhanced electron injection in organic electroluminescent devices using and Al/LiF electrode," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 70, pp. 152-155, 1997.
    • (1997) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.70 , pp. 152-155
    • Hung, L.S.1    Tang, C.W.2    Mason, M.G.3
  • 45
    • 21544459113 scopus 로고
    • Organic electroluminescent diodes
    • C.W. Tang and S.A. VanSlyke, "Organic electroluminescent diodes," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 51, pp. 913-915, 1987.
    • (1987) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.51 , pp. 913-915
    • Tang, C.W.1    VanSlyke, S.A.2
  • 46
    • 18944392266 scopus 로고
    • Visible light emission from semiconducting polymer diodes
    • D. Braun and A. J. Heeger, "Visible light emission from semiconducting polymer diodes," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 58, pp. 1982-1984, 1991.
    • (1991) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.58 , pp. 1982-1984
    • Braun, D.1    Heeger, A.J.2
  • 47
    • 0012784869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Passive and active matrix liquid crystal displays with plastic substrates
    • E. Lueder, "Passive and active matrix liquid crystal displays with plastic substrates," Electrochem. Soc. Proc., vol. 98-22, pp. 336-354, 1998.
    • (1998) Electrochem. Soc. Proc. , vol.98 , Issue.22 , pp. 336-354
    • Lueder, E.1
  • 48
    • 0020498698 scopus 로고
    • Structure and oxygen-barrier properties of metallized polymer film
    • E. H. H. Jamieson and A. H. Windle, "Structure and oxygen-barrier properties of metallized polymer film," J. Mater. Sci., vol. 18, pp. 64-80, 1983.
    • (1983) J. Mater. Sci. , vol.18 , pp. 64-80
    • Jamieson, E.H.H.1    Windle, A.H.2
  • 49
    • 0000019648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of an ultrathin LiF/Al bilayer in organic surface-emitting diodes
    • L. S. Hung, C. W. Tang, M. G. Mason, P. Raychaudhuri, and J. Madathil, "Application of an ultrathin LiF/Al bilayer in organic surface-emitting diodes," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 78, pp. 544-546, 2001.
    • (2001) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.78 , pp. 544-546
    • Hung, L.S.1    Tang, C.W.2    Mason, M.G.3    Raychaudhuri, P.4    Madathil, J.5
  • 50
    • 0037455357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphorescent top-emitting organic light emitting devices with improved light outcoupling
    • H. Reil, S. Karg, T. Beierlein, B. Ruhstaller, and W. Riess, "Phosphorescent top-emitting organic light emitting devices with improved light outcoupling," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 82, pp. 466-468, 2003.
    • (2003) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.82 , pp. 466-468
    • Reil, H.1    Karg, S.2    Beierlein, T.3    Ruhstaller, B.4    Riess, W.5
  • 53
    • 0032613546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interface engineering in preparation of organic surface-emitting diodes
    • L. S. Hung and C. W. Tang, "Interface engineering in preparation of organic surface-emitting diodes," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 74, pp. 3209-3211, 1999.
    • (1999) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.74 , pp. 3209-3211
    • Hung, L.S.1    Tang, C.W.2
  • 56
    • 2442710420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DuPont High Performance Materials Kapton E Foil, OH
    • DuPont High Performance Materials Kapton E Foil, OH.
  • 58
    • 0004171398 scopus 로고
    • Electroluminescent Displays
    • Singapore: World Scientific
    • Y. A. Ono, "Electroluminescent Displays," in Electroluminescent Displays, Singapore: World Scientific, 1995, pp. 98-117.
    • (1995) Electroluminescent Displays , pp. 98-117
    • Ono, Y.A.1
  • 60
    • 0031699122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemical and morphological stability of aluminum tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) (Alq3): Effects in light-emitting devices
    • F. Papadimitrakopoulos, X.-M. Zhang, and K. A. Higginson, "Chemical and morphological stability of aluminum tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) (Alq3): Effects in light-emitting devices," IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron., vol. 4, pp. 49-57, 1998.
    • (1998) IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron. , vol.4 , pp. 49-57
    • Papadimitrakopoulos, F.1    Zhang, X.-M.2    Higginson, K.A.3
  • 61
    • 0000322612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigation of the sites of dark spots in organic light-emitting devices
    • Y.-F. Liew, H. Aziz, N.-X. Hu, H. S.-O. Chan, G. Xu, and Z. Popovic, "Investigation of the sites of dark spots in organic light-emitting devices," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 77, pp. 2650-2652, 2000.
    • (2000) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.77 , pp. 2650-2652
    • Liew, Y.-F.1    Aziz, H.2    Hu, N.-X.3    Chan, H.S.-O.4    Xu, G.5    Popovic, Z.6
  • 64
    • 2442656755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thin film encapsulation for OLEDs: Evaluation of multi-layer barriers using the Ca test
    • G. Nisato, M. Kuilder, and P. Bouten, "Thin film encapsulation for OLEDs: Evaluation of multi-layer barriers using the Ca test," in Proc. Soc. Inform. Display Symp., Dig. Tech. Papers, vol. 34, 2003, pp. 550-553.
    • (2003) Proc. Soc. Inform. Display Symp., Dig. Tech. Papers , vol.34 , pp. 550-553
    • Nisato, G.1    Kuilder, M.2    Bouten, P.3
  • 65
    • 0034964956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polymer-based multi-layer conductive electrode film for plastic LCD applications
    • J.-Y. Kim, D. Sohn, and E.-R. Kim, "Polymer-based multi-layer conductive electrode film for plastic LCD applications," Appl. Phys. A, vol. 72, pp. 699-704, 2001.
    • (2001) Appl. Phys. A , vol.72 , pp. 699-704
    • Kim, J.-Y.1    Sohn, D.2    Kim, E.-R.3
  • 66
    • 2442647899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MOCON Inc., Minneapolis, MN
    • MOCON Inc., Minneapolis, MN.
  • 67
    • 0037201312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low moisture permeation measurement through polymer substrates for organic light emitting devices
    • R. S. Kumar, M. Auch, E. Ou, G. Ewald, and C. S. Jin, "Low moisture permeation measurement through polymer substrates for organic light emitting devices," Thin Solid Films, vol. 417, pp. 120-126, 2002.
    • (2002) Thin Solid Films , vol.417 , pp. 120-126
    • Kumar, R.S.1    Auch, M.2    Ou, E.3    Ewald, G.4    Jin, C.S.5
  • 68
    • 2442690568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • B. Gnade, Dept. Mat. Sci., Univ. North Texas, Denton, 2003
    • B. Gnade, Dept. Mat. Sci., Univ. North Texas, Denton, 2003.
  • 69
    • 0033098009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preparation of silica-based hybrid materials coated on polypropylene film
    • S.-Y. Lee, J.-D. Lee, and S.-M. Yang, "Preparation of silica-based hybrid materials coated on polypropylene film," J. Mater. Sci., vol. 34, pp. 1233-1241, 1999.
    • (1999) J. Mater. Sci. , vol.34 , pp. 1233-1241
    • Lee, S.-Y.1    Lee, J.-D.2    Yang, S.-M.3
  • 70
    • 0032756028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functionalized coatings based on inorganic-organic polymers (ORMOCERs) and their combination with vapor deposited inorganic thin films
    • K.-H. Haas, S. Amberg-Schwab, K. Rose, and G. Schottner, "Functionalized coatings based on inorganic-organic polymers (ORMOCERs) and their combination with vapor deposited inorganic thin films," Surf. Coat. Technol., vol. 111, pp. 72-79, 1999.
    • (1999) Surf. Coat. Technol. , vol.111 , pp. 72-79
    • Haas, K.-H.1    Amberg-Schwab, S.2    Rose, K.3    Schottner, G.4
  • 72
    • 0032339055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transparent barrier coatings on polyethylene terephthalate by single- and dual-frequency plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition
    • A. S. da Silva Sobrinho, M. Latreche, G. Czeremuszkin, J. E. Klemberg-Sapieha, and M. R. Wertheimer, "Transparent barrier coatings on polyethylene terephthalate by single- and dual-frequency plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition," J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A, vol. 16, pp. 3190-3198, 1998.
    • (1998) J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A , vol.16 , pp. 3190-3198
    • Da Silva Sobrinho, A.S.1    Latreche, M.2    Czeremuszkin, G.3    Klemberg-Sapieha, J.E.4    Wertheimer, M.R.5
  • 75
    • 1642621158 scopus 로고
    • General relationship for the thermal oxidation of silicon
    • B. E. Deal and A. S. Grove, "General relationship for the thermal oxidation of silicon," J. Appl. Phys., vol. 36, pp. 3770-3776, 1965.
    • (1965) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.36 , pp. 3770-3776
    • Deal, B.E.1    Grove, A.S.2
  • 78
    • 0031095827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activated rate theory treatment of oxygen and water transport through silicon oxide/ poly(ethylene terephthalate) composite barrier structures
    • Y. G. Tropsha and N. G. Harvey, "Activated rate theory treatment of oxygen and water transport through silicon oxide/ poly(ethylene terephthalate) composite barrier structures," J. Phys. Chem. B, vol. 101, pp. 2259-2266, 1997.
    • (1997) J. Phys. Chem. B , vol.101 , pp. 2259-2266
    • Tropsha, Y.G.1    Harvey, N.G.2
  • 79
    • 36449002796 scopus 로고
    • Effect of local flaws in polymeric permeation reducing barriers
    • G. Rossi, "Effect of local flaws in polymeric permeation reducing barriers," J. Appl. Phys., vol. 74, pp. 5471-5475, 1993.
    • (1993) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.74 , pp. 5471-5475
    • Rossi, G.1
  • 80
    • 0038806271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inorganic layers on polymeric films - Influence of defects and morphology on barrier properties
    • M. Hanika, H.-C. Langowski, U. Moosheimer, and W. Peukert, "Inorganic layers on polymeric films - Influence of defects and morphology on barrier properties," Chem. Eng. Technol., vol. 26, pp. 605-614, 2003.
    • (2003) Chem. Eng. Technol. , vol.26 , pp. 605-614
    • Hanika, M.1    Langowski, H.-C.2    Moosheimer, U.3    Peukert, W.4
  • 81
    • 0025512050 scopus 로고
    • Gas transport through metallized polymer membranes
    • T. A. Beu and P.-V. Mercea, "Gas transport through metallized polymer membranes," Mater. Chem. Phys., vol. 26, pp. 309-322, 1990.
    • (1990) Mater. Chem. Phys. , vol.26 , pp. 309-322
    • Beu, T.A.1    Mercea, P.-V.2
  • 83
    • 0030107912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atomic force microscopy (AFM) morphological surface characterization of transparent gas barrier coatings on plastic films
    • G. Garcia-Ayuso, L. Vazquez, and J. M. Martinez-Duart, "Atomic force microscopy (AFM) morphological surface characterization of transparent gas barrier coatings on plastic films," Surf. Coat. Technol., vol. 80, pp. 203-206, 1996.
    • (1996) Surf. Coat. Technol. , vol.80 , pp. 203-206
    • Garcia-Ayuso, G.1    Vazquez, L.2    Martinez-Duart, J.M.3
  • 88
    • 0001373979 scopus 로고
    • The selective permeation of gases through polymers
    • S. A. Stern and H. L. Frisch, "The selective permeation of gases through polymers," Annu. Rev. Mater. Sci., vol. 11, pp. 523-550, 1981.
    • (1981) Annu. Rev. Mater. Sci. , vol.11 , pp. 523-550
    • Stern, S.A.1    Frisch, H.L.2
  • 89
    • 0029386808 scopus 로고
    • Plasma-deposited passivation layers for moisture and water protection
    • M. Vogt and R. Hauptmann, "Plasma-deposited passivation layers for moisture and water protection," Surf. Coat. Technol., vol. 74-75, pp. 676-681, 1995.
    • (1995) Surf. Coat. Technol. , vol.74-75 , pp. 676-681
    • Vogt, M.1    Hauptmann, R.2
  • 91
    • 2442711632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Permeation properties of inorganic thin-film and its application to PM-OLED using electron beam evaporation system
    • K.-H. Kim, H. Kim, H.-M. Koo, J.-K. Kim, Y. C. Kim, and B.-K. Ju, "Permeation properties of inorganic thin-film and its application to PM-OLED using electron beam evaporation system," in Proc. Soc. Inform. Display Symp., Dig. Tech. Papers, vol. 34, 2003, pp. 563-565.
    • (2003) Proc. Soc. Inform. Display Symp., Dig. Tech. Papers , vol.34 , pp. 563-565
    • Kim, K.-H.1    Kim, H.2    Koo, H.-M.3    Kim, J.-K.4    Kim, Y.C.5    Ju, B.-K.6
  • 92
    • 0036565063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diamondlike carbon deposition on plastic films by plasma source ion implantation
    • T. Tanaka, M. Yoshida, M. Shinohara, and T. Takagi, "Diamondlike carbon deposition on plastic films by plasma source ion implantation," J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A, vol. 20, pp. 625-633, 2002.
    • (2002) J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A , vol.20 , pp. 625-633
    • Tanaka, T.1    Yoshida, M.2    Shinohara, M.3    Takagi, T.4
  • 93
    • 2442649169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Poly(p-xylylene) film passivation for longevity of an organic light-emitting diode fabricated on the polyethylene-terephthalate substrate
    • Hiroshima, Japan
    • S.-H. Kwon, J. S. Kim, J. S. Yoo, and Y. B. Kim, "Poly(p-xylylene) film passivation for longevity of an organic light-emitting diode fabricated on the polyethylene-terephthalate substrate," presented at the 9th Int. Display Workshops, Hiroshima, Japan, 2002.
    • (2002) 9th Int. Display Workshops
    • Kwon, S.-H.1    Kim, J.S.2    Yoo, J.S.3    Kim, Y.B.4
  • 94
    • 0037113609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Passivation of organic light-emitting diodes by the plasma polymerized para-xylene thin film
    • S. Kho, D. Cho, and D. Jung, "Passivation of organic light-emitting diodes by the plasma polymerized para-xylene thin film," J. Appl. Phys., pt. 2, vol. 41, pp. L1336-L1338, 2002.
    • (2002) J. Appl. Phys., Pt. 2 , vol.41
    • Kho, S.1    Cho, D.2    Jung, D.3
  • 95
    • 0032046768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrocarbon films inhibit oxygen permeation through plastic packaging material
    • E. M. Moser, R. Urech, E. Hack, H. Kunzli, and E. Muller, "Hydrocarbon films inhibit oxygen permeation through plastic packaging material," Thin Solid Films, vol. 317, pp. 388-392, 1998.
    • (1998) Thin Solid Films , vol.317 , pp. 388-392
    • Moser, E.M.1    Urech, R.2    Hack, E.3    Kunzli, H.4    Muller, E.5
  • 96
    • 0029273577 scopus 로고
    • Deposition of silicon oxide onto polyethylene and polyethyleneterephthalate: An x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy interfacial study
    • J. C. Rotger, J. J. Pireaux, R. Caudano, N. A. Thorne, H. M. Dunlop, and M. Benmalek, "Deposition of silicon oxide onto polyethylene and polyethyleneterephthalate: An x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy interfacial study," J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A, vol. 13, pp. 260-266, 1995.
    • (1995) J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A , vol.13 , pp. 260-266
    • Rotger, J.C.1    Pireaux, J.J.2    Caudano, R.3    Thorne, N.A.4    Dunlop, H.M.5    Benmalek, M.6
  • 97
    • 0032345645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma-deposited silicon oxide and silicon nitride films on poly(ethylene terephthalate): A multi-technique study of the interphase regions
    • A. S. da Silva Sobrinho, N. Schuhler, J. E. Klemberg-Sapieha, M. R. Wertheimer, M. Andrews, and S. C. Gujrathi, "Plasma-deposited silicon oxide and silicon nitride films on poly(ethylene terephthalate): a multi-technique study of the interphase regions," J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A, vol. 16, pp. 2021-2030, 1998.
    • (1998) J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A , vol.16 , pp. 2021-2030
    • Da Silva Sobrinho, A.S.1    Schuhler, N.2    Klemberg-Sapieha, J.E.3    Wertheimer, M.R.4    Andrews, M.5    Gujrathi, S.C.6
  • 98
    • 0033356914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent advances in plasma deposition of functional coatings on polymers
    • L. Martinu, M. R. Wertheimer, and J. E. Klemberg-Sapieha, "Recent advances in plasma deposition of functional coatings on polymers," in Proc. Mater. Res. Soc. Symp., vol. 544, 1999, pp. 251-256.
    • (1999) Proc. Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. , vol.544 , pp. 251-256
    • Martinu, L.1    Wertheimer, M.R.2    Klemberg-Sapieha, J.E.3
  • 99
    • 0036456221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A flexible ferroelectric liquid-crystal display with improved mechanical stability for smart-card applications
    • J. Brill, E. Lueder, M. Randler, S. Voegele, and V. Frey, "A flexible ferroelectric liquid-crystal display with improved mechanical stability for smart-card applications," J. Soc. Inform. Display, vol. 10, pp. 189-194, 2002.
    • (2002) J. Soc. Inform. Display , vol.10 , pp. 189-194
    • Brill, J.1    Lueder, E.2    Randler, M.3    Voegele, S.4    Frey, V.5
  • 100
    • 2442645387 scopus 로고
    • Some performance characteristics of evaporated acrylate coatings
    • D. G. Shaw and M. G. Langlois, "Some performance characteristics of evaporated acrylate coatings," in Proc. 7th Int. Conf. Vacuum Web Coating, 1993, pp. 268-276.
    • (1993) Proc. 7th Int. Conf. Vacuum Web Coating , pp. 268-276
    • Shaw, D.G.1    Langlois, M.G.2
  • 101
    • 0031250230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PML/oxide/PML barrier layer performance differences arising from use of UV or electron beam polymerization of the PML layers
    • J. D. Affinito, S. Eufinger, M. E. Gross, G. L. Graff, and P. M. Martin, "PML/oxide/PML barrier layer performance differences arising from use of UV or electron beam polymerization of the PML layers," Thin Solid Films, vol. 308-309, pp. 19-25, 1997.
    • (1997) Thin Solid Films , vol.308-309 , pp. 19-25
    • Affinito, J.D.1    Eufinger, S.2    Gross, M.E.3    Graff, G.L.4    Martin, P.M.5
  • 102
    • 2442635415 scopus 로고
    • High speed vacuum web polymer coating process for food packaging applications
    • A. Yializis, "High speed vacuum web polymer coating process for food packaging applications," in Proc. 8th Int. Conf. Vacuum Web Coating, 1994, pp. 163-172.
    • (1994) Proc. 8th Int. Conf. Vacuum Web Coating , pp. 163-172
    • Yializis, A.1
  • 104
    • 2442658017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Environmental barrier material for organic light emitting device and method for making," U.S. Patent 6522067
    • G. L. Graff, M. E. Gross, J. D. Affinito, M.-K. Shi, M. Hall, and E. Mast, "Environmental barrier material for organic light emitting device and method for making," U.S. Patent 6522067, 2003.
    • (2003)
    • Graff, G.L.1    Gross, M.E.2    Affinito, J.D.3    Shi, M.-K.4    Hall, M.5    Mast, E.6
  • 105
    • 2442677991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitex Systems, Inc., San Jose, CA
    • Vitex Systems, Inc., San Jose, CA.
  • 106
    • 44149084143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma-CVD SiNx / plasma-polymerized CNx:H multi-layer passivation films for organic light emitting diodes
    • K. Akedo, A. Miura, H. Fujikawa, and Y. Taga, "Plasma-CVD SiNx / plasma-polymerized CNx:H multi-layer passivation films for organic light emitting diodes," in Proc. Soc. Inform. Display Symp., Dig. Tech. Papers, vol. 34, 2003, pp. 559-561.
    • (2003) Proc. Soc. Inform. Display Symp., Dig. Tech. Papers , vol.34 , pp. 559-561
    • Akedo, K.1    Miura, A.2    Fujikawa, H.3    Taga, Y.4
  • 108
    • 2442705540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Plastic substrates with imporved barrier properties for devices sensitive to water and/or oxygen, such as organic electroluminescent devices," U.S. Patent 6465953 B1, Oct. 15
    • A. R. Duggal, "Plastic substrates with imporved barrier properties for devices sensitive to water and/or oxygen, such as organic electroluminescent devices," U.S. Patent 6465953 B1, Oct. 15, 2002.
    • (2002)
    • Duggal, A.R.1
  • 109
    • 0024766321 scopus 로고
    • Mechanical properties of thin films
    • W. D. Nix, "Mechanical properties of thin films," Metallurgical Trans. A, vol. 20A, pp. 2217-2245, 1989.
    • (1989) Metallurgical Trans. A , vol.20 A , pp. 2217-2245
    • Nix, W.D.1
  • 110
    • 2442675496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reliability of transparent conducting substrates for rollable displays: A cyclic loading investigation
    • S. Gorkhali, D. R. Cairns, and G. P. Crawford, "Reliability of transparent conducting substrates for rollable displays: A cyclic loading investigation," in Proc. Soc. Inform. Display Symp., Dig. Tech. Papers, vol. 34, 2003, pp. 1332-1335.
    • (2003) Proc. Soc. Inform. Display Symp., Dig. Tech. Papers , vol.34 , pp. 1332-1335
    • Gorkhali, S.1    Cairns, D.R.2    Crawford, G.P.3
  • 111
    • 0038642159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanical stability of externally deformed indium-tin-oxide films on polymer substrates
    • S. K. Park, J. I. Han, D. G. Moon, and W. K. Kim, "Mechanical stability of externally deformed indium-tin-oxide films on polymer substrates," Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., vol. 42, pp. 624-629, 2003.
    • (2003) Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. , vol.42 , pp. 624-629
    • Park, S.K.1    Han, J.I.2    Moon, D.G.3    Kim, W.K.4
  • 112
  • 113
    • 0012947255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of thermal shrinkage on indium tin oxide coated polyethylene terephthalate for flexible display applications
    • D. R. Cairns, D. C. Paine, and G. P. Crawford, "The effect of thermal shrinkage on indium tin oxide coated polyethylene terephthalate for flexible display applications," in Proc. Soc. Inform. Display Symp., Dig. Tech. Papers, vol. 32, 2001, pp. 654-657.
    • (2001) Proc. Soc. Inform. Display Symp., Dig. Tech. Papers , vol.32 , pp. 654-657
    • Cairns, D.R.1    Paine, D.C.2    Crawford, G.P.3
  • 114
  • 115
    • 0024069463 scopus 로고
    • Mechanical deflection of cantilever microbeams: A new technique for testing the mechanical properties of thin films
    • T. P. Weihs, S. Hong, J. C. Bravman, and W. D. Nix, "Mechanical deflection of cantilever microbeams: A new technique for testing the mechanical properties of thin films," J. Mater. Res., vol. 3, pp. 931-942, 1988.
    • (1988) J. Mater. Res. , vol.3 , pp. 931-942
    • Weihs, T.P.1    Hong, S.2    Bravman, J.C.3    Nix, W.D.4
  • 116
    • 0032591114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thickness effect on cracking phenomena and mechanical properties of submicron glass thin films deposited on a polymer substrate
    • M. Yanaka, Y. Kato, Y. Tsukahara, and N. Takeda, "Thickness effect on cracking phenomena and mechanical properties of submicron glass thin films deposited on a polymer substrate," in Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., vol. 555, 1999, pp. 33-38.
    • (1999) Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. , vol.555 , pp. 33-38
    • Yanaka, M.1    Kato, Y.2    Tsukahara, Y.3    Takeda, N.4
  • 117
    • 0000779039 scopus 로고
    • A method to measure the adhesion of thin glass coatings on polymer films
    • Y. Leterrier, Y. Wyser, and J.-A. E. Manson, "A method to measure the adhesion of thin glass coatings on polymer films," J. Adhesion, vol. 44, pp. 213-227, 1994.
    • (1994) J. Adhesion , vol.44 , pp. 213-227
    • Leterrier, Y.1    Wyser, Y.2    Manson, J.-A.E.3
  • 118
    • 0033358011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of temperature on the multiple cracking progress of sub-micron thick glass films deposited on a polymer substrate
    • M.-A. Yanaka, Y. Kato, Y. Tsukahara, and N. Takeda, "Effects of temperature on the multiple cracking progress of sub-micron thick glass films deposited on a polymer substrate," Thin Solid Films, vol. 355-356, pp. 337-342, 1999.
    • (1999) Thin Solid Films , vol.355-356 , pp. 337-342
    • Yanaka, M.-A.1    Kato, Y.2    Tsukahara, Y.3    Takeda, N.4
  • 119
    • 0031192021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adhesion of silicon oxide layers on poly(ethylene terephthalate). II: Effect of coating thickness on adhesive and cohesive strengths
    • Y. Leterrier, J. Andersons, Y. Pitton, and J.-A. E. Manson, "Adhesion of silicon oxide layers on poly(ethylene terephthalate). II: Effect of coating thickness on adhesive and cohesive strengths," J. Polymer Sci. B: Polymer Phys., vol. 35, pp. 1463-1471, 1997.
    • (1997) J. Polymer Sci. B: Polymer Phys. , vol.35 , pp. 1463-1471
    • Leterrier, Y.1    Andersons, J.2    Pitton, Y.3    Manson, J.-A.E.4
  • 120
    • 0000853145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanics of rollable and foldable fllm-on-foil electronics
    • Z. Suo, E. Y. Ma, H. Gleskova, and S. Wagner, "Mechanics of rollable and foldable fllm-on-foil electronics," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 74, pp. 1177-1179, 1999.
    • (1999) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.74 , pp. 1177-1179
    • Suo, Z.1    Ma, E.Y.2    Gleskova, H.3    Wagner, S.4
  • 121
    • 17044389224 scopus 로고
    • Elastic relationships in layered composite media with approximation for the case of thin films on a thick substrate
    • P. H. Townsend, D. M. Barnett, and T. A. Brunner, "Elastic relationships in layered composite media with approximation for the case of thin films on a thick substrate," J. Appl. Phys., vol. 62, pp. 4438-4444, 1987.
    • (1987) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.62 , pp. 4438-4444
    • Townsend, P.H.1    Barnett, D.M.2    Brunner, T.A.3
  • 123
    • 0032047703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cracking phenomena of brittle films in nanostructure composites analysed by a modified shear lag model with residual strain
    • M. Yanaka, Y. Tsukahara, N. Nakaso, and N. Takeda, "Cracking phenomena of brittle films in nanostructure composites analysed by a modified shear lag model with residual strain," J. Mater. Sci., vol. 33, pp. 2111-2119, 1998.
    • (1998) J. Mater. Sci. , vol.33 , pp. 2111-2119
    • Yanaka, M.1    Tsukahara, Y.2    Nakaso, N.3    Takeda, N.4
  • 124
    • 0029250717 scopus 로고
    • Moisture resistance of plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposited oxides used for ultralarge scale integrated device applications
    • S. Robles, E. Yieh, and B. C. Nguyen, "Moisture resistance of plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposited oxides used for ultralarge scale integrated device applications," J. Electrochem. Soc., vol. 142, pp. 580-585, 1995.
    • (1995) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.142 , pp. 580-585
    • Robles, S.1    Yieh, E.2    Nguyen, B.C.3
  • 126
    • 20444472875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Design and characterization of organic light emitting diodes with microcavity structure
    • H. J. Peng, M. Wong, and H. S. Kwok, "Design and characterization of organic light emitting diodes with microcavity structure," in Proc. Soc. Inform. Display Symp., Dig. Tech. Papers, 2003, pp. 516-519.
    • (2003) Proc. Soc. Inform. Display Symp., Dig. Tech. Papers , pp. 516-519
    • Peng, H.J.1    Wong, M.2    Kwok, H.S.3
  • 128
    • 0032614527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microcavity organic light-emitting diodes for strongly directed pure red, green, and blue emissions
    • S. Tokito, T. Tsutsui, and Y. Taga, "Microcavity organic light-emitting diodes for strongly directed pure red, green, and blue emissions," J. Appl. Phys., vol. 86, pp. 2407-2411, 1999.
    • (1999) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.86 , pp. 2407-2411
    • Tokito, S.1    Tsutsui, T.2    Taga, Y.3
  • 130
    • 0037252483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Design of multiwavelength resonant cavities for white organic light-emitting diodes
    • T. Shiga, H. Fujikawa, and Y. Taga, "Design of multiwavelength resonant cavities for white organic light-emitting diodes," J. Appl. Phys., vol. 93, pp. 19-22, 2003.
    • (2003) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.93 , pp. 19-22
    • Shiga, T.1    Fujikawa, H.2    Taga, Y.3
  • 131
    • 26144464603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Angular dependence of the sharply directed emission in organic light emitting diodes with a microcavity structure
    • F.-S. Juang, L.-H. Laih, C.-J. Lin, and Y.-J. Hsu, "Angular dependence of the sharply directed emission in organic light emitting diodes with a microcavity structure," Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., pt. 1, vol. 41, pp. 2787-2789, 2002.
    • (2002) Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., Pt. 1 , vol.41 , pp. 2787-2789
    • Juang, F.-S.1    Laih, L.-H.2    Lin, C.-J.3    Hsu, Y.-J.4
  • 132
    • 0039073660 scopus 로고
    • Effect of confined radiation field on spontaneous-emission lifetime in vacuum-deposited fluorescent dye films
    • T. Tsutsui, C. Adachi, S. Saito, M. Watanabe, and M. Koishi, "Effect of confined radiation field on spontaneous-emission lifetime in vacuum-deposited fluorescent dye films," Chem. Phys. Lett., vol. 82, pp. 143-146, 1991.
    • (1991) Chem. Phys. Lett. , vol.82 , pp. 143-146
    • Tsutsui, T.1    Adachi, C.2    Saito, S.3    Watanabe, M.4    Koishi, M.5
  • 133
    • 21544468390 scopus 로고
    • Control of emission characteristics in organic thin-film electroluminescent diodes using an optical-microcavity structure
    • N. Takada, T. Tsutsui, and S. Sato, "Control of emission characteristics in organic thin-film electroluminescent diodes using an optical-microcavity structure," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 63, pp. 2032-2034, 1993.
    • (1993) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.63 , pp. 2032-2034
    • Takada, N.1    Tsutsui, T.2    Sato, S.3
  • 134
    • 0001189074 scopus 로고
    • Organic photo- and electroluminescent devices with double mirrors
    • T. Nakayama, Y. Itoh, and A. Kakuta, "Organic photo- and electroluminescent devices with double mirrors," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 63, pp. 594-595, 1993.
    • (1993) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.63 , pp. 594-595
    • Nakayama, T.1    Itoh, Y.2    Kakuta, A.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.