메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 94, Issue 2, 2005, Pages 1392-1404

Stimulation of the parapyramidal region of the neonatal rat brain stem produces locomotor-like activity involving spinal 5-HT7 and 5-HT 2A receptors

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALPHA 1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR; ALPHA 2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR; DOPAMINE 1 RECEPTOR; DOPAMINE 2 RECEPTOR; SEROTONIN; SEROTONIN 2A RECEPTOR; SEROTONIN 7 RECEPTOR;

EID: 23044436270     PISSN: 00223077     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1152/jn.00136.2005     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (136)

References (87)
  • 1
    • 0037837430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pharmacology of vertebrate spinal central pattern generators
    • Alford S, Schwartz E, and Viana di Prisco G. The pharmacology of vertebrate spinal central pattern generators. Neuroscientist 9: 217-228, 2003.
    • (2003) Neuroscientist , vol.9 , pp. 217-228
    • Alford, S.1    Schwartz, E.2    Viana Di Prisco, G.3
  • 3
    • 0023807509 scopus 로고
    • Electrically induced locomotion in the in vitro brainstem-spinal cord preparation
    • Atsuta Y, Garcia-Rill E, and Skinner RD. Electrically induced locomotion in the in vitro brainstem-spinal cord preparation. Dev Brain Res 42: 309-312, 1988.
    • (1988) Dev Brain Res , vol.42 , pp. 309-312
    • Atsuta, Y.1    Garcia-Rill, E.2    Skinner, R.D.3
  • 4
    • 0025142544 scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of electrically induced locomotion in rat in vitro brain stem-spinal cord preparation
    • Atsuta Y, Garcia-Rill E, and Skinner RD. Characteristics of electrically induced locomotion in rat in vitro brain stem-spinal cord preparation. J Neurophysiol 64: 727-735, 1990.
    • (1990) J Neurophysiol , vol.64 , pp. 727-735
    • Atsuta, Y.1    Garcia-Rill, E.2    Skinner, R.D.3
  • 6
    • 0018138322 scopus 로고
    • Three bulbospinal pathways from the rostral medulla of the cat: An autoradiographic study of pain modulating systems
    • Basbaum AI, Clanton CH, and Fields HL. Three bulbospinal pathways from the rostral medulla of the cat: an autoradiographic study of pain modulating systems. J Comp Neurol 178: 209-224, 1978.
    • (1978) J Comp Neurol , vol.178 , pp. 209-224
    • Basbaum, A.I.1    Clanton, C.H.2    Fields, H.L.3
  • 8
    • 3042681358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Opposing electrophysiological actions of 5-HT on noncholinergic and cholinergic neurons in the rat ventral pallidum in vitro
    • Bengtson CP, Lee DJ, and Osborne PB. Opposing electrophysiological actions of 5-HT on noncholinergic and cholinergic neurons in the rat ventral pallidum in vitro. J Neurophysiol 92: 433-443, 2004.
    • (2004) J Neurophysiol , vol.92 , pp. 433-443
    • Bengtson, C.P.1    Lee, D.J.2    Osborne, P.B.3
  • 9
    • 0036436009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The respective contribution of lumbar segments to the generation of locomotion in the isolated spinal cord of newborn rat
    • Bertrand S and Cazalets JR. The respective contribution of lumbar segments to the generation of locomotion in the isolated spinal cord of newborn rat. Eur J Neurosci 16: 1741-1750, 2002.
    • (2002) Eur J Neurosci , vol.16 , pp. 1741-1750
    • Bertrand, S.1    Cazalets, J.R.2
  • 11
    • 0019837585 scopus 로고
    • Origins of serotonergic projections to the spinal cord in rat: An immunocytochemical-retrograde transport study
    • Bowker RM, Westlund KN, and Coulter JD. Origins of serotonergic projections to the spinal cord in rat: an immunocytochemical-retrograde transport study. Brain Res 226: 187-199, 1981.
    • (1981) Brain Res , vol.226 , pp. 187-199
    • Bowker, R.M.1    Westlund, K.N.2    Coulter, J.D.3
  • 12
    • 0031841243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • + induces locomotor-like patterns in the rat spinal cord in vitro: Comparison with NMDA or 5-HT induced activity
    • + induces locomotor-like patterns in the rat spinal cord in vitro: comparison with NMDA or 5-HT induced activity. J Neurophysiol 79: 2643-2652, 1998.
    • (1998) J Neurophysiol , vol.79 , pp. 2643-2652
    • Bracci, E.1    Beato, M.2    Nistri, A.3
  • 13
    • 0029077682 scopus 로고
    • Localization and organization of the central pattern generator for hindlimb locomotion in newborn rat
    • Cazalets JR, Borde M, and Clarac F. Localization and organization of the central pattern generator for hindlimb locomotion in newborn rat. J Neurosci 15: 4943-4951, 1995.
    • (1995) J Neurosci , vol.15 , pp. 4943-4951
    • Cazalets, J.R.1    Borde, M.2    Clarac, F.3
  • 14
    • 0030044517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The synaptic drive from the spinal locomotor network to motoneurons in the newborn rat
    • Cazalets JR, Borde M, and Clarac F. The synaptic drive from the spinal locomotor network to motoneurons in the newborn rat. J Neurosci 16: 298-306, 1996.
    • (1996) J Neurosci , vol.16 , pp. 298-306
    • Cazalets, J.R.1    Borde, M.2    Clarac, F.3
  • 15
    • 0025270637 scopus 로고
    • Two types of motor rhythm induced by NMDA and amines in an in vitro spinal cord preparation of neonatal rat
    • Cazalets JR, Grillner P, Menard I, Cremieux J, and Clarac F. Two types of motor rhythm induced by NMDA and amines in an in vitro spinal cord preparation of neonatal rat. Neurosci Lett 111: 116-121, 1990.
    • (1990) Neurosci Lett , vol.111 , pp. 116-121
    • Cazalets, J.R.1    Grillner, P.2    Menard, I.3    Cremieux, J.4    Clarac, F.5
  • 16
    • 0026737329 scopus 로고
    • Activation of the central pattern generators for locomotion by serotonin and excitatory amino acids in neonatal rat
    • Cazalets JR, Sqalli-Houssaini Y, and Clarac F. Activation of the central pattern generators for locomotion by serotonin and excitatory amino acids in neonatal rat. J Physiol 455: 187-204, 1992.
    • (1992) J Physiol , vol.455 , pp. 187-204
    • Cazalets, J.R.1    Sqalli-Houssaini, Y.2    Clarac, F.3
  • 17
    • 33444466355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serotonin receptor pharmacology of the mammalian locomotor CPG: Activation by a 5-HT receptor agonist in the isolated rat spinal cord
    • Cina C and Hochman S. Serotonin receptor pharmacology of the mammalian locomotor CPG: activation by a 5-HT receptor agonist in the isolated rat spinal cord. Soc Neurosci Abstr 24: 654.24, 1998.
    • (1998) Soc Neurosci Abstr , vol.24
    • Cina, C.1    Hochman, S.2
  • 19
    • 0036023388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RX 821002 as a tool for physiological investigation of alpha(2)-adrenoceptors
    • Clarke RW and Harris J. RX 821002 as a tool for physiological investigation of alpha(2)-adrenoceptors. CNS Drug Rev 8: 177-192, 2002.
    • (2002) CNS Drug Rev , vol.8 , pp. 177-192
    • Clarke, R.W.1    Harris, J.2
  • 21
    • 0028267704 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of motor patterns induced by N-methyl-D-aspartate, acetylcholine and serotonin in the in vitro neonatal rat spinal cord
    • Cowley KC and Schmidt BJ. A comparison of motor patterns induced by N-methyl-D-aspartate, acetylcholine and serotonin in the in vitro neonatal rat spinal cord. Neurosci Lett 171: 147-150, 1994.
    • (1994) Neurosci Lett , vol.171 , pp. 147-150
    • Cowley, K.C.1    Schmidt, B.J.2
  • 22
    • 0031017588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional distribution of the locomotor pattern-generating network in the neonatal rat spinal cord
    • Cowley KC and Schmidt BJ. Regional distribution of the locomotor pattern-generating network in the neonatal rat spinal cord. J Neurophysiol 77: 247-259, 1997.
    • (1997) J Neurophysiol , vol.77 , pp. 247-259
    • Cowley, K.C.1    Schmidt, B.J.2
  • 23
    • 0001989279 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for the existience of monoamine neurons in the central nervous system. II. Experimentally induced changes in the intraneuronal amine levels of bulbospinal neuron systems
    • Dahlstrom A and Fuxe K. Evidence for the existience of monoamine neurons in the central nervous system. II. Experimentally induced changes in the intraneuronal amine levels of bulbospinal neuron systems. Acta Physiol Scand 64: 1-36, 1965.
    • (1965) Acta Physiol Scand , vol.64 , pp. 1-36
    • Dahlstrom, A.1    Fuxe, K.2
  • 24
    • 1942484879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The 5-HT2A receptor is widely distributed in the rat spinal cord and mainly localized at the plasma membrane of postsynaptic neurons
    • Doly S, Madeira A, Fischer J, Brisorgueil MJ, Daval G, Bernard R, Verge D, and Conrath M. The 5-HT2A receptor is widely distributed in the rat spinal cord and mainly localized at the plasma membrane of postsynaptic neurons. J Comp Neurol 472: 496-511, 2004.
    • (2004) J Comp Neurol , vol.472 , pp. 496-511
    • Doly, S.1    Madeira, A.2    Fischer, J.3    Brisorgueil, M.J.4    Daval, G.5    Bernard, R.6    Verge, D.7    Conrath, M.8
  • 25
    • 0021867380 scopus 로고
    • Activity of serotonin-containing neurons in nucleus raphe magnus in freely moving cats
    • Fornal C, Auerbach S, and Jacobs BL. Activity of serotonin-containing neurons in nucleus raphe magnus in freely moving cats. Exp Neurol 88: 590-608, 1985.
    • (1985) Exp Neurol , vol.88 , pp. 590-608
    • Fornal, C.1    Auerbach, S.2    Jacobs, B.L.3
  • 26
    • 0001453329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of spinal monoaminergic systems in brainstem evoked locomotion in the neonatal rat
    • Fyda DM and Jordan LM. Role of spinal monoaminergic systems in brainstem evoked locomotion in the neonatal rat. Soc Neurosci Abstr 25: 2.1916, 1999.
    • (1999) Soc Neurosci Abstr , vol.25
    • Fyda, D.M.1    Jordan, L.M.2
  • 27
    • 0006333303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spinal release of monoamines associated woth brainstem-electrically- evoked locomotion in the in vitro neonatal rat
    • Fyda DM, Vriend J, and Jordan LM. Spinal release of monoamines associated woth brainstem-electrically-evoked locomotion in the in vitro neonatal rat. Soc Neurosci Abstr 23: 816.12, 1997.
    • (1997) Soc Neurosci Abstr , vol.23
    • Fyda, D.M.1    Vriend, J.2    Jordan, L.M.3
  • 28
    • 3142683684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alpha-1 adrenergic agonists generate a "fast" NMDA-receptor independent motor rhythm in the neonatal rat spinal cord
    • Gabbay H and Lev-Tov A. Alpha-1 adrenergic agonists generate a "fast" NMDA-receptor independent motor rhythm in the neonatal rat spinal cord. J Neurophysiol 92: 997-1010, 2004.
    • (2004) J Neurophysiol , vol.92 , pp. 997-1010
    • Gabbay, H.1    Lev-Tov, A.2
  • 29
    • 4043147107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The excitability of lumbar motoneurons in the neonatal rat is increased by a hyperpolarization of their voltage threshold for activation by descending serotonergic fibers
    • Gilmore J and Fedirchuk B. The excitability of lumbar motoneurons in the neonatal rat is increased by a hyperpolarization of their voltage threshold for activation by descending serotonergic fibers. J Physiol 558: 213-224, 2004.
    • (2004) J Physiol , vol.558 , pp. 213-224
    • Gilmore, J.1    Fedirchuk, B.2
  • 30
    • 0034235758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of locomotion in adult chronic spinal rats is achieved by transplantation of embryonic raphe cells reinnervating a precise lumbar level
    • Gimenez y Ribotta M, Provencher J, Feraboli-Lohnherr D, Rossignol S, Privat A, and Orsal D. Activation of locomotion in adult chronic spinal rats is achieved by transplantation of embryonic raphe cells reinnervating a precise lumbar level. J Neurosci 20: 5144-5152, 2000.
    • (2000) J Neurosci , vol.20 , pp. 5144-5152
    • Gimenez Y Ribotta, M.1    Provencher, J.2    Feraboli-Lohnherr, D.3    Rossignol, S.4    Privat, A.5    Orsal, D.6
  • 32
    • 0000423735 scopus 로고
    • Control of locomotion in bipeds, tetrapods, and fish
    • edited by Brookhart JM and Mountcastle VB. Baltimore, MD: American Physiological Society
    • Grillner S. Control of locomotion in bipeds, tetrapods, and fish. In: Handbook of Physiology-The Nervous System II, Motor Control, edited by Brookhart JM and Mountcastle VB. Baltimore, MD: American Physiological Society, 1981, p. 1179-1236.
    • (1981) Handbook of Physiology-The Nervous System II, Motor Control , pp. 1179-1236
    • Grillner, S.1
  • 33
    • 0001791740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selection and initiation of motor behavior
    • edited by Stein PSG, Grillner S, Selverston AI, and Stuart DG. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press
    • Grillner S, Georgopoulos AP, and Jordan LM. Selection and initiation of motor behavior. In: Neurons, Networks, and Motor Behavior, edited by Stein PSG, Grillner S, Selverston AI, and Stuart DG. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1997, p. 3-19.
    • Neurons, Networks, and Motor Behavior , vol.1997 , pp. 3-19
    • Grillner, S.1    Georgopoulos, A.P.2    Jordan, L.M.3
  • 34
    • 0024836076 scopus 로고
    • Chemical neuroanatomy of the parapyramidal region of the ventral medulla in the rat
    • Heike CJ, Thor KB, and Sasek CA, Chemical neuroanatomy of the parapyramidal region of the ventral medulla in the rat. Prog Brain Res 81: 17-28, 1989.
    • (1989) Prog Brain Res , vol.81 , pp. 17-28
    • Heike, C.J.1    Thor, K.B.2    Sasek, C.A.3
  • 35
    • 0020367832 scopus 로고
    • Activity of serotonin-containing neurons in the nucleus raphe pallidus of freely moving cats
    • Heym J, Steinfels GF, and Jacobs BL. Activity of serotonin-containing neurons in the nucleus raphe pallidus of freely moving cats. Brain Res 251: 259-276, 1982.
    • (1982) Brain Res , vol.251 , pp. 259-276
    • Heym, J.1    Steinfels, G.F.2    Jacobs, B.L.3
  • 36
    • 36849014500 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 5-HT receptors and the neuromodualatory control of spinal cord function
    • edited by Cope TC. New York: CRC Press
    • Hochman S, Garraway SM, Machacek DW, and Shay BL. 5-HT receptors and the neuromodualatory control of spinal cord function. In: Motor Neurobiology of the Spinal Cord, edited by Cope TC. New York: CRC Press, 2001, p. 48-87.
    • (2001) Motor Neurobiology of the Spinal Cord , pp. 48-87
    • Hochman, S.1    Garraway, S.M.2    Machacek, D.W.3    Shay, B.L.4
  • 38
    • 0023241715 scopus 로고
    • Brainstem projections to lumbar motoneurons in rat-II. An ultrastructural study by means of the anterograde transport of wheat germ agglutinin coupled to horseradish peroxidase and using the tetramethyl benzidine reaction
    • Holstege JC. Brainstem projections to lumbar motoneurons in rat-II. an ultrastructural study by means of the anterograde transport of wheat germ agglutinin coupled to horseradish peroxidase and using the tetramethyl benzidine reaction. Neuroscience 21: 369-376, 1987.
    • (1987) Neuroscience , vol.21 , pp. 369-376
    • Holstege, J.C.1
  • 39
    • 0023279828 scopus 로고
    • Brainstem projections to lumbar motoneurons in rat-I, an ultrastructural study using autoradiography and the combination of autoradiography and horseradish peroxidase histochemistry
    • Holstege JC and Kuypers HG. Brainstem projections to lumbar motoneurons in rat-I, an ultrastructural study using autoradiography and the combination of autoradiography and horseradish peroxidase histochemistry. Neuroscience 21: 345-367, 1987a.
    • (1987) Neuroscience , vol.21 , pp. 345-367
    • Holstege, J.C.1    Kuypers, H.G.2
  • 40
    • 0023579862 scopus 로고
    • Brainstem projections to spinal motoneurons: An update
    • Holstege JC and Kuypers HG. Brainstem projections to spinal motoneurons: an update. Neuroscience 23: 809-821, 1987b.
    • (1987) Neuroscience , vol.23 , pp. 809-821
    • Holstege, J.C.1    Kuypers, H.G.2
  • 41
    • 0023780272 scopus 로고
    • Bistability of alpha-motoneurones in the decerebrate cat and in the acute spinal cat after intravenous 5-hydroxytryptophan
    • Hounsgaard J, Hultborn H, Jespersen B, and Kiehn O. Bistability of alpha-motoneurones in the decerebrate cat and in the acute spinal cat after intravenous 5-hydroxytryptophan. J Physiol 405: 345-367, 1988.
    • (1988) J Physiol , vol.405 , pp. 345-367
    • Hounsgaard, J.1    Hultborn, H.2    Jespersen, B.3    Kiehn, O.4
  • 42
    • 0037044557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involvement of 5-HT7 receptors in serotonergic effects on spike after potentials in presumed jaw-closing motoneurons of rats
    • Inoue T, Itoh S, Wakisaka S, Ogawa S, Saito M, and Morimoto T. Involvement of 5-HT7 receptors in serotonergic effects on spike after potentials in presumed jaw-closing motoneurons of rats. Brain Res 954: 202-211, 2002.
    • (2002) Brain Res , vol.954 , pp. 202-211
    • Inoue, T.1    Itoh, S.2    Wakisaka, S.3    Ogawa, S.4    Saito, M.5    Morimoto, T.6
  • 43
    • 0030575322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of diencephalic and brainstem cardiorespiratory areas activated during exercise
    • Iwamoto GA, Wappel SM, Fox GM, Buetow KA, and Waldrop TG. Identification of diencephalic and brainstem cardiorespiratory areas activated during exercise. Brain Res 726: 109-122, 1996.
    • (1996) Brain Res , vol.726 , pp. 109-122
    • Iwamoto, G.A.1    Wappel, S.M.2    Fox, G.M.3    Buetow, K.A.4    Waldrop, T.G.5
  • 44
    • 0025143974 scopus 로고
    • Receptors subtypes mediating facilitation by serotonin of excitablity of spinal motoneurons
    • Jackson DA and White SR. Receptors subtypes mediating facilitation by serotonin of excitablity of spinal motoneurons. Neuropharmacology 29: 787-797, 1990.
    • (1990) Neuropharmacology , vol.29 , pp. 787-797
    • Jackson, D.A.1    White, S.R.2
  • 45
    • 0033596515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An in vitro functionally mature mouse spinal cord preparation for the study of spinal motor networks
    • Jiang Z, Carlin KP, and Brownstone RM. An in vitro functionally mature mouse spinal cord preparation for the study of spinal motor networks. Brain Res 816: 493-499, 1999.
    • (1999) Brain Res , vol.816 , pp. 493-499
    • Jiang, Z.1    Carlin, K.P.2    Brownstone, R.M.3
  • 46
    • 0026661003 scopus 로고
    • Serotoninergic medullary raphespinal projection to the lumbar spinal cord in the rat: A retrograde immunohistochemical study
    • Jones SL and Light AR. Serotoninergic medullary raphespinal projection to the lumbar spinal cord in the rat: a retrograde immunohistochemical study. J Comp Neurol 322: 599-610, 1992.
    • (1992) J Comp Neurol , vol.322 , pp. 599-610
    • Jones, S.L.1    Light, A.R.2
  • 47
    • 0003013347 scopus 로고
    • Brainstem and spinal cord mechanisms for the initiation of locomotion
    • edited by Shimamura M, Grillner S, and Edgerton VR. Tokyo, Japan: Japan Scientific Society Press
    • Jordan LM. Brainstem and spinal cord mechanisms for the initiation of locomotion. In: Neurobiological Basis of Human Locomotion, edited by Shimamura M, Grillner S, and Edgerton VR. Tokyo, Japan: Japan Scientific Society Press, 1991, p. 3-20.
    • (1991) Neurobiological Basis of Human Locomotion , pp. 3-20
    • Jordan, L.M.1
  • 48
    • 0032424968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Initiation of locomotion in mammals
    • Jordan LM. Initiation of locomotion in mammals. Ann NY Acad Sci 860: 83-93, 1998.
    • (1998) Ann NY Acad Sci , vol.860 , pp. 83-93
    • Jordan, L.M.1
  • 49
    • 0036458566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Propriospinal neurons involved in the control of locomotion: Potential targets for repair strategies?
    • Jordan LM and Schmidt BJ. Propriospinal neurons involved in the control of locomotion: potential targets for repair strategies? Prog Brain Res 137: 125-139, 2002.
    • (2002) Prog Brain Res , vol.137 , pp. 125-139
    • Jordan, L.M.1    Schmidt, B.J.2
  • 50
    • 0038456285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brainstem substrates of sympatho-motor circuitry identified using trans-synaptic tracing with pseudorabies virus recombinants
    • Kerman IA, Enquist LW, Watson SJ, and Yates BJ. Brainstem substrates of sympatho-motor circuitry identified using trans-synaptic tracing with pseudorabies virus recombinants. J Neurosci 23: 4657-4666, 2003.
    • (2003) J Neurosci , vol.23 , pp. 4657-4666
    • Kerman, I.A.1    Enquist, L.W.2    Watson, S.J.3    Yates, B.J.4
  • 51
    • 0041827300 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiological, anatomical and genetic identification of CPG neurons in the developing mammalian spinal cord
    • Kiehn O and Butt SJ. Physiological, anatomical and genetic identification of CPG neurons in the developing mammalian spinal cord. Prog Neurobiol 70: 347-361, 2003.
    • (2003) Prog Neurobiol , vol.70 , pp. 347-361
    • Kiehn, O.1    Butt, S.J.2
  • 52
    • 0029862950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatiotemporal characteristics of 5-HT and dopamine-induced rhythmic hindlimb activity in the in vitro neonatal rat
    • Kiehn O and Kjaerulff O. Spatiotemporal characteristics of 5-HT and dopamine-induced rhythmic hindlimb activity in the in vitro neonatal rat. J Neurophysiol 75: 1472-1482, 1996.
    • (1996) J Neurophysiol , vol.75 , pp. 1472-1482
    • Kiehn, O.1    Kjaerulff, O.2
  • 53
    • 0032439681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of central pattern generators for rhythmic motor outputs in the spinal cord of limbed vertebrates
    • Kiehn O and Kjaerulff O. Distribution of central pattern generators for rhythmic motor outputs in the spinal cord of limbed vertebrates. Ann NY Acad Sci 860: 110-129, 1998.
    • (1998) Ann NY Acad Sci , vol.860 , pp. 110-129
    • Kiehn, O.1    Kjaerulff, O.2
  • 54
    • 0032770071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of noradrenaline on locomotor rhythm-generating networks in the isolated neonatal rat spinal cord
    • Kiehn O, Sillar KT, Kjaerulff O, and McDearmid JR. Effects of noradrenaline on locomotor rhythm-generating networks in the isolated neonatal rat spinal cord. J Neurophysiol 82: 741-746, 1999.
    • (1999) J Neurophysiol , vol.82 , pp. 741-746
    • Kiehn, O.1    Sillar, K.T.2    Kjaerulff, O.3    McDearmid, J.R.4
  • 56
    • 0029810066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of networks generating and coordinating locomotor activity in the neonatal rat spinal cord in vitro: A lesion study
    • Kjaerulff O and Kiehn O. Distribution of networks generating and coordinating locomotor activity in the neonatal rat spinal cord in vitro: a lesion study. J Neurosci 16: 5777-5794, 1996.
    • (1996) J Neurosci , vol.16 , pp. 5777-5794
    • Kjaerulff, O.1    Kiehn, O.2
  • 57
    • 0030910637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Localization of the spinal network associated with generation of hindlimb locomotion in the neonatal rat and organization of its transverse coupling system
    • Kremer E and Lev-Tov A. Localization of the spinal network associated with generation of hindlimb locomotion in the neonatal rat and organization of its transverse coupling system. J Neurophysiol 77: 1155-1170, 1997.
    • (1997) J Neurophysiol , vol.77 , pp. 1155-1170
    • Kremer, E.1    Lev-Tov, A.2
  • 58
  • 59
    • 0023121184 scopus 로고
    • N-methyl-D,L-aspartate-induced locomotor activity in a spinal cord-hindlimb muscles preparation of the newborn rat studied in vitro
    • Kudo N and Yamada T. N-methyl-D,L-aspartate-induced locomotor activity in a spinal cord-hindlimb muscles preparation of the newborn rat studied in vitro. Neurosci Lett 75: 43-48, 1987.
    • (1987) Neurosci Lett , vol.75 , pp. 43-48
    • Kudo, N.1    Yamada, T.2
  • 60
    • 0030632185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The projections to the spinal cord of the rat during development; a time-table of descent
    • Lakke EAJF. The projections to the spinal cord of the rat during development; a time-table of descent. Adv Anat Embryol Cell Biol 135: 13-41, 1997.
    • (1997) Adv Anat Embryol Cell Biol , vol.135 , pp. 13-41
    • Lakke, E.A.J.F.1
  • 61
    • 18844443811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The roles of spinal 5-HT2A and 5-HT7 receptors in brainstem evoked locomotion
    • Liu J and Jordan LM. The roles of spinal 5-HT2A and 5-HT7 receptors in brainstem evoked locomotion. Soc Neurosci 883.18, 2004.
    • (2004) Soc Neurosci
    • Liu, J.1    Jordan, L.M.2
  • 62
    • 0031840892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NMDA receptor-mediated oscillatory activity in the neonatal rat spinal cord is serotonin dependent
    • MacLean JN, Cowley KC, and Schmidt BJ. NMDA receptor-mediated oscillatory activity in the neonatal rat spinal cord is serotonin dependent. J Neurophysiol 79: 2804-2808, 1998.
    • (1998) J Neurophysiol , vol.79 , pp. 2804-2808
    • MacLean, J.N.1    Cowley, K.C.2    Schmidt, B.J.3
  • 63
    • 4143062672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The modulation of locomotor activity by multiple 5-HT and dopaminergic receptor subtypes in the neonatal mouse spinal cord
    • Madriaga MA, McPhee LC, Chersa T, Christie KJ, and Whelan PJ. The modulation of locomotor activity by multiple 5-HT and dopaminergic receptor subtypes in the neonatal mouse spinal cord. J Neurophysiol 92: 1566-1576, 2004.
    • (2004) J Neurophysiol , vol.92 , pp. 1566-1576
    • Madriaga, M.A.1    McPhee, L.C.2    Chersa, T.3    Christie, K.J.4    Whelan, P.J.5
  • 64
    • 0018165901 scopus 로고
    • Differntial projections of cat medullary raphe neurins demonstrated by retrograde labelling following spinal cord lesions
    • Martin RF, Jordan LM, and Willis WD. Differntial projections of cat medullary raphe neurins demonstrated by retrograde labelling following spinal cord lesions. J Comp Neurol 182: 77-88, 1978.
    • (1978) J Comp Neurol , vol.182 , pp. 77-88
    • Martin, R.F.1    Jordan, L.M.2    Willis, W.D.3
  • 65
    • 0031594930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Actions of alpha2 adrenoceptor ligands at alpha2A and 5-HT1A receptors: The antagonist, atipamezole, and the agonist, dexmedetomidine, are highly selective for alpha2A adrenoceptors
    • Newman-Tancredi A, Nicolas JP, Audinot V, Gavaudan S, Verriele L, Touzard M, Chaput C, Richard N, and Millan MJ. Actions of alpha2 adrenoceptor ligands at alpha2A and 5-HT1A receptors: the antagonist, atipamezole, and the agonist, dexmedetomidine, are highly selective for alpha2A adrenoceptors. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 358: 197-206, 1998.
    • (1998) Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol , vol.358 , pp. 197-206
    • Newman-Tancredi, A.1    Nicolas, J.P.2    Audinot, V.3    Gavaudan, S.4    Verriele, L.5    Touzard, M.6    Chaput, C.7    Richard, N.8    Millan, M.J.9
  • 66
    • 0033982022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 5-Hydroxytryptamine-induced locomotor rhythm in the neonatal mouse spinal cord in vitro
    • Nishimaru H, Takizawa H, and Kudo N. 5-Hydroxytryptamine-induced locomotor rhythm in the neonatal mouse spinal cord in vitro. Neurosci Lett 280: 187-190, 2000.
    • (2000) Neurosci Lett , vol.280 , pp. 187-190
    • Nishimaru, H.1    Takizawa, H.2    Kudo, N.3
  • 67
    • 0023701371 scopus 로고
    • Differential innervation of specific motor neuron pools by serotoninergic fibers in the chick spinal cord
    • Okado N, Homma S, Ishihara R, Sako H, and Kohno K. Differential innervation of specific motor neuron pools by serotoninergic fibers in the chick spinal cord. Neurosci Lett 94: 29-32, 1988.
    • (1988) Neurosci Lett , vol.94 , pp. 29-32
    • Okado, N.1    Homma, S.2    Ishihara, R.3    Sako, H.4    Kohno, K.5
  • 70
    • 0037096257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Postural modifications and neuronal excitability changes induced by a short-term serotonin depletion during neonatal development in the rat
    • Pflieger JF, Clarac F, and Vinay L. Postural modifications and neuronal excitability changes induced by a short-term serotonin depletion during neonatal development in the rat. J Neurosci 22: 5108-5117, 2002.
    • (2002) J Neurosci , vol.22 , pp. 5108-5117
    • Pflieger, J.F.1    Clarac, F.2    Vinay, L.3
  • 71
    • 0001396849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural control of stereotypic limb movements
    • edited by Rowell L and Shepard J. Oxford, UK: American Physiological Society
    • Rossignol S. Neural control of stereotypic limb movements. In: Integration of Motor, Circulatory, Respiratory and Metabolic Control During Exercise, edited by Rowell L and Shepard J. Oxford, UK: American Physiological Society, 1996, p. 173-216.
    • (1996) Integration of Motor, Circulatory, Respiratory and Metabolic Control during Exercise , pp. 173-216
    • Rossignol, S.1
  • 73
    • 0024444002 scopus 로고
    • Enkephalin-immunoreactive neuronal projections from the medulla oblongata to the intermediolateral cell column: Relationship to substance P-immunoreactive neurons
    • Sasek CA and Helke CJ. Enkephalin-immunoreactive neuronal projections from the medulla oblongata to the intermediolateral cell column: relationship to substance P-immunoreactive neurons. J Comp Neurol 287: 484-494, 1989.
    • (1989) J Comp Neurol , vol.287 , pp. 484-494
    • Sasek, C.A.1    Helke, C.J.2
  • 74
    • 0034668699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of serotonin in reflex modulation and locomotor rhythm production in the mammalian spinal cord
    • Schmidt BJ and Jordan LM. The role of serotonin in reflex modulation and locomotor rhythm production in the mammalian spinal cord. Brain Res Bull 53: 689-710, 2000.
    • (2000) Brain Res Bull , vol.53 , pp. 689-710
    • Schmidt, B.J.1    Jordan, L.M.2
  • 75
    • 0021856775 scopus 로고
    • Further studies on the use of the fluorescent retrograde tracer true blue in combination with monoamine histochemistry
    • Skagerberg G, Bjorklund A, and Lindvall O. Further studies on the use of the fluorescent retrograde tracer true blue in combination with monoamine histochemistry. J Neurosci Methods 14: 25-40, 1985.
    • (1985) J Neurosci Methods , vol.14 , pp. 25-40
    • Skagerberg, G.1    Bjorklund, A.2    Lindvall, O.3
  • 76
    • 0023231397 scopus 로고
    • In vitro brainstem-spinal cord preparations for study of motor systems for mammalian respiration and locomotion
    • Smith JC and Feldman JL. In vitro brainstem-spinal cord preparations for study of motor systems for mammalian respiration and locomotion. J Neurosci Methods 21:321-333, 1987.
    • (1987) J Neurosci Methods , vol.21 , pp. 321-333
    • Smith, J.C.1    Feldman, J.L.2
  • 77
    • 0023921214 scopus 로고
    • Neural mechanisms generating locomotion studied in mammalian brain stem-spinal cord in vitro
    • Smith JC, Feldman JL, and Schmidt BJ. Neural mechanisms generating locomotion studied in mammalian brain stem-spinal cord in vitro. FASEB J 2283-2288, 1988.
    • (1988) FASEB J , pp. 2283-2288
    • Smith, J.C.1    Feldman, J.L.2    Schmidt, B.J.3
  • 78
    • 0033959829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noradrenergic control of locomotor networks in the in vitro spinal cord of the neonatal rat
    • Sqalli-Houssaini Y and Cazalets JR. Noradrenergic control of locomotor networks in the in vitro spinal cord of the neonatal rat. Brain Res 852: 100-109, 2000.
    • (2000) Brain Res , vol.852 , pp. 100-109
    • Sqalli-Houssaini, Y.1    Cazalets, J.R.2
  • 79
    • 0019464864 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of serotonin-immunoreactivity in the central nervous system of the rat-cell bodies and terminals
    • Steinbusch HWM. Distribution of serotonin-immunoreactivity in the central nervous system of the rat-cell bodies and terminals. Neuroscience 6: 557-618, 1981.
    • (1981) Neuroscience , vol.6 , pp. 557-618
    • Steinbusch, H.W.M.1
  • 80
    • 0025250233 scopus 로고
    • Direct excitation of rat spinal motoneurones by serotonin
    • Takahashi T and Berger AJ. Direct excitation of rat spinal motoneurones by serotonin. J Physiol 423: 63-76, 1990.
    • (1990) J Physiol , vol.423 , pp. 63-76
    • Takahashi, T.1    Berger, A.J.2
  • 81
    • 0026427253 scopus 로고
    • Cloning of the gene for a human dopamine D4 receptor with high affinity for the antipsychotic clozapine
    • van Tol HHM, Bunzow JR, Guan, H.-C, Sunahara RK, Seeman P, Niznik HB, and Civelli O. Cloning of the gene for a human dopamine D4 receptor with high affinity for the antipsychotic clozapine. Nature 350: 610-614, 1991.
    • (1991) Nature , vol.350 , pp. 610-614
    • Van Tol, H.H.M.1    Bunzow, J.R.2    Guan, H.-C.3    Sunahara, R.K.4    Seeman, P.5    Niznik, H.B.6    Civelli, O.7
  • 82
    • 0029051506 scopus 로고
    • Response of serotonergic caudal raphe neurons in relation to specific motor activities in freely moving cats
    • Veasey SC, Fornal CA, Metzler CW, and Jacobs BL. Response of serotonergic caudal raphe neurons in relation to specific motor activities in freely moving cats. J Neurosci 15: 5346-5359, 1995.
    • (1995) J Neurosci , vol.15 , pp. 5346-5359
    • Veasey, S.C.1    Fornal, C.A.2    Metzler, C.W.3    Jacobs, B.L.4
  • 83
    • 0025059607 scopus 로고
    • 5-Hydroxytryptamine responses in neoenate rat mononeurons in vitro
    • Wang MY and Dun NJ. 5-Hydroxytryptamine responses in neoenate rat mononeurons in vitro. J Physiol 430: 87-103, 1990.
    • (1990) J Physiol , vol.430 , pp. 87-103
    • Wang, M.Y.1    Dun, N.J.2
  • 85
    • 0033638778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Properties of rhythmic activity generated by the isolated spinal cord of the neonatal mouse
    • Whelan P, Bonnot A, and O'Donovan MJ. Properties of rhythmic activity generated by the isolated spinal cord of the neonatal mouse. J Neurophysiol 84: 2821-2833, 2000.
    • (2000) J Neurophysiol , vol.84 , pp. 2821-2833
    • Whelan, P.1    Bonnot, A.2    O'Donovan, M.J.3
  • 86
    • 4043143154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A reliable technique for the induction of locomotor-like activity in the in vitro neonatal rat spinal cord using brainstem electrical stimulation
    • Zaporozhets E, Cowley KC, and Schmidt BJ. A reliable technique for the induction of locomotor-like activity in the in vitro neonatal rat spinal cord using brainstem electrical stimulation. J Neurosci Methods 139: 33-41, 2004.
    • (2004) J Neurosci Methods , vol.139 , pp. 33-41
    • Zaporozhets, E.1    Cowley, K.C.2    Schmidt, B.J.3
  • 87
    • 0001772613 scopus 로고
    • Circular distribution
    • edited by McElroy WD and Swanson CP. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall
    • Zar JH. Circular distribution. In: Biostatistical Analysis, edited by McElroy WD and Swanson CP. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1974, p. 310-327.
    • (1974) Biostatistical Analysis , pp. 310-327
    • Zar, J.H.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.