메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 6, Issue 7, 2005, Pages 544-556

Circadian rhythms from multiple oscillators: Lessons from diverse organisms

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY; CIRCADIAN RHYTHM; GENE EXPRESSION; GENE FUNCTION; GENETIC ANALYSIS; GENOMICS; MOLECULAR GENETICS; NONHUMAN; OSCILLATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW;

EID: 21344470923     PISSN: 14710056     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nrg1633     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (1143)

References (143)
  • 1
    • 0037194790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coordination of circadian timing in mammals
    • Reppert, S. M. & Weaver, D. R. Coordination of circadian timing in mammals. Nature 418, 935-941 (2002).
    • (2002) Nature , vol.418 , pp. 935-941
    • Reppert, S.M.1    Weaver, D.R.2
  • 2
    • 0035458732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time zones: A comparative genetics of circadian clocks
    • Young, M. W. & Kay, S. A. Time zones: a comparative genetics of circadian clocks. Nature Rev. Genet. 2, 702-715 (2001).
    • (2001) Nature Rev. Genet. , vol.2 , pp. 702-715
    • Young, M.W.1    Kay, S.A.2
  • 3
    • 4544356423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcription regulation within the circadian clock: The E-box and beyond
    • Hardin, P. E. Transcription regulation within the circadian clock: the E-box and beyond. J. Biol. Rhythms 19, 348-360 (2004).
    • (2004) J. Biol. Rhythms , vol.19 , pp. 348-360
    • Hardin, P.E.1
  • 4
    • 4544329329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clock genes, oscillators, and cellular networks in the suprachiasmatic nuclei
    • Hastings, M. H. & Herzog, E. D. Clock genes, oscillators, and cellular networks in the suprachiasmatic nuclei. J. Biol. Rhythms 19, 400-413 (2004).
    • (2004) J. Biol. Rhythms , vol.19 , pp. 400-413
    • Hastings, M.H.1    Herzog, E.D.2
  • 5
    • 4544359281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Neurospora circadian system
    • Dunlap, J. C. & Loros, J. J. The Neurospora circadian system. J. Biol. Rhythms 19, 414-424 (2004).
    • (2004) J. Biol. Rhythms , vol.19 , pp. 414-424
    • Dunlap, J.C.1    Loros, J.J.2
  • 6
    • 0037118077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circadian rhythms from flies to human
    • Panda, S., Hogenesch, J. B. & Kay, S. A. Circadian rhythms from flies to human. Nature 417, 329-335 (2002).
    • (2002) Nature , vol.417 , pp. 329-335
    • Panda, S.1    Hogenesch, J.B.2    Kay, S.A.3
  • 7
    • 4544255715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Posttranscriptional and posttranslational regulation of clock genes
    • Harms, E., Kivimae, S., Young, M. W. & Saez, L. Posttranscriptional and posttranslational regulation of clock genes. J. Biol. Rhythms 19, 361-373 (2004).
    • (2004) J. Biol. Rhythms , vol.19 , pp. 361-373
    • Harms, E.1    Kivimae, S.2    Young, M.W.3    Saez, L.4
  • 8
    • 4544282973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Arabidopsis thaliana clock
    • Salome, P. A. & McClung, C. R. The Arabidopsis thaliana clock. J. Biol. Rhythms 19, 425-435 (2004).
    • (2004) J. Biol. Rhythms , vol.19 , pp. 425-435
    • Salome, P.A.1    McClung, C.R.2
  • 9
    • 4544254441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circadian timing mechanism in the prokaryotic clock system of cyanobacteria
    • Iwasaki, H. & Kondo, T. Circadian timing mechanism in the prokaryotic clock system of cyanobacteria. J. Biol. Rhythms 19, 436-444 (2004).
    • (2004) J. Biol. Rhythms , vol.19 , pp. 436-444
    • Iwasaki, H.1    Kondo, T.2
  • 10
    • 8644277897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circadian rhythms in microorganisms: New complexities
    • Lakin-Thomas, P. L. & Brody, S. Circadian rhythms in microorganisms: new complexities. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 58, 489-519 (2004).
    • (2004) Annu. Rev. Microbiol. , vol.58 , pp. 489-519
    • Lakin-Thomas, P.L.1    Brody, S.2
  • 11
    • 0027518499 scopus 로고
    • Circadian rhythm in membrane conductance expressed in isolated neurons
    • Michel, S., Geusz, M. E., Zatitsky, J. J. & Block, G. D. Circadian rhythm in membrane conductance expressed in isolated neurons. Science 259, 239-241 (1993).
    • (1993) Science , vol.259 , pp. 239-241
    • Michel, S.1    Geusz, M.E.2    Zatitsky, J.J.3    Block, G.D.4
  • 12
    • 0028904194 scopus 로고
    • Individual neurons dissociated from rat suprachiasmatic nucleus express independently phased circadian firing rhythms
    • Welsh, D. K., Logothetis, D. E., Meister, M. & Reppert, S. M. Individual neurons dissociated from rat suprachiasmatic nucleus express independently phased circadian firing rhythms. Neuron 14, 697-706 (1995).
    • (1995) Neuron , vol.14 , pp. 697-706
    • Welsh, D.K.1    Logothetis, D.E.2    Meister, M.3    Reppert, S.M.4
  • 13
    • 0030656411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Independent photoreceptive circadian clocks throughout Drosophila
    • Plautz, J. D., Kaneko, M., Hall, J. C. & Kay, S. A. Independent photoreceptive circadian clocks throughout Drosophila. Science 278, 1632-1635 (1997).
    • (1997) Science , vol.278 , pp. 1632-1635
    • Plautz, J.D.1    Kaneko, M.2    Hall, J.C.3    Kay, S.A.4
  • 14
    • 0033967217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transplanted Drosophila excretory tubules maintain circadian clock cycling out of phase with the host
    • Giebultowicz, J. M., Stanewsky, R., Hall, J. C. & Hege, D. M. Transplanted Drosophila excretory tubules maintain circadian clock cycling out of phase with the host. Curr. Biol. 10, 107-110 (2000).
    • (2000) Curr. Biol. , vol.10 , pp. 107-110
    • Giebultowicz, J.M.1    Stanewsky, R.2    Hall, J.C.3    Hege, D.M.4
  • 15
    • 0032511229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A serum shock induces circadian gene expression in mammalian tissue culture cells
    • Balsalobre, A., Damiola, F. & Schibler, U. A serum shock induces circadian gene expression in mammalian tissue culture cells. Cell 93, 929-937 (1998).
    • (1998) Cell , vol.93 , pp. 929-937
    • Balsalobre, A.1    Damiola, F.2    Schibler, U.3
  • 16
    • 11144311974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bioluminescence imaging of individual fibroblasts reveals persistent, independently phased circadian rhythms of clock gene expression
    • Welsh, D. K., Yoo, S. H., Liu, A. C., Takahashi, J. S. & Kay, S. A. Bioluminescence imaging of individual fibroblasts reveals persistent, independently phased circadian rhythms of clock gene expression. Curr. Biol. 14, 2289-2295 (2004).
    • (2004) Curr. Biol. , vol.14 , pp. 2289-2295
    • Welsh, D.K.1    Yoo, S.H.2    Liu, A.C.3    Takahashi, J.S.4    Kay, S.A.5
  • 17
    • 0032242758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clock controls circadian period in isolated suprachiasmatic nucleus neurons
    • Herzog, E. D., Takahashi, J. S. & Block, G. D. Clock controls circadian period in isolated suprachiasmatic nucleus neurons. Nature Neurosci 1, 708-713 (1998).
    • (1998) Nature Neurosci , vol.1 , pp. 708-713
    • Herzog, E.D.1    Takahashi, J.S.2    Block, G.D.3
  • 18
    • 0041835846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The biological dock nucleus: A multiphasic oscillator network regulated by light
    • Quintero, J. E., Kuhlman, S. J. & McMahon, D. G. The biological dock nucleus: a multiphasic oscillator network regulated by light. J. Neurosci. 23, 8070-8076 (2003).
    • (2003) J. Neurosci. , vol.23 , pp. 8070-8076
    • Quintero, J.E.1    Kuhlman, S.J.2    McMahon, D.G.3
  • 19
    • 11144353910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PERIOD2::LUCIFERASE real-time reporting of circadian dynamics reveals persistent circadian oscillations in mouse peripheral tissues
    • Yoo, S. H. et al. PERIOD2::LUCIFERASE real-time reporting of circadian dynamics reveals persistent circadian oscillations in mouse peripheral tissues. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 101, 5339-5346 (2004). The authors demonstrate that peripheral tissues maintain circadian rhythms of gene expression in SCN-lesioned mice, but lose synchrony of phase among the tissues of individual animals and between animals.
    • (2004) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.101 , pp. 5339-5346
    • Yoo, S.H.1
  • 20
    • 0034724728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resetting central and peripheral circadian oscillators in transgenic rats
    • Yamazaki, S. et al. Resetting central and peripheral circadian oscillators in transgenic rats. Science 288, 682-685 (2000). This study led to the hypothesis that a self-sustained circadian pacemaker in the SCN entrains circadian oscillators in the periphery to maintain adaptive phase control.
    • (2000) Science , vol.288 , pp. 682-685
    • Yamazaki, S.1
  • 21
    • 0036138898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circadian rhythms in isolated brain regions
    • Abe, M. et al. Circadian rhythms in isolated brain regions. J. Neurosci. 22, 350-356 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Neurosci. , vol.22 , pp. 350-356
    • Abe, M.1
  • 22
    • 0029967843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circadian rhythms in cultured mammalian retina
    • Tosini, G. & Menaker, M. Circadian rhythms in cultured mammalian retina. Science 272, 419-421 (1996).
    • (1996) Science , vol.272 , pp. 419-421
    • Tosini, G.1    Menaker, M.2
  • 23
    • 0021065770 scopus 로고
    • Circadian clock in Xenopus eye controlling retinal serotonin N-acetyltransferase
    • Besharse, J. C. & Iuvone, P. M. Circadian clock in Xenopus eye controlling retinal serotonin N-acetyltransferase. Nature 305, 133-135 (1983).
    • (1983) Nature , vol.305 , pp. 133-135
    • Besharse, J.C.1    Iuvone, P.M.2
  • 24
    • 0018665850 scopus 로고
    • A circadian oscillator in cultured cells of chicken pineal gland
    • Deguchi, T. A circadian oscillator in cultured cells of chicken pineal gland. Nature 282, 94-96 (1979).
    • (1979) Nature , vol.282 , pp. 94-96
    • Deguchi, T.1
  • 25
    • 0028931204 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of tryptophan hydroxylase expression by a retinal circadian oscillator in vitro
    • Green, C. B., Cahill, G. M. & Besharse, J. C. Regulation of tryptophan hydroxylase expression by a retinal circadian oscillator in vitro. Brain Res. 677, 283-290 (1995).
    • (1995) Brain Res. , vol.677 , pp. 283-290
    • Green, C.B.1    Cahill, G.M.2    Besharse, J.C.3
  • 26
    • 0020432890 scopus 로고
    • Vertebrate circadian rhythms: Retinal and extraretinal photoreception
    • Underwood, H. & Groos, G. Vertebrate circadian rhythms: retinal and extraretinal photoreception. Experientia 38, 1013-1021 (1982).
    • (1982) Experientia , vol.38 , pp. 1013-1021
    • Underwood, H.1    Groos, G.2
  • 27
    • 0344500736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serotonin N-acetyltransferase mRNA levels in photoreceptor-enriched chicken retinal cell cultures: Elevation by cyclic AMP
    • Greve, P. et al. Serotonin N-acetyltransferase mRNA levels in photoreceptor-enriched chicken retinal cell cultures: elevation by cyclic AMP. J. Neurochem. 73, 1894-1900 (1999).
    • (1999) J. Neurochem. , vol.73 , pp. 1894-1900
    • Greve, P.1
  • 28
    • 0018270224 scopus 로고
    • The pineal gland: A biological clock in vitro
    • Binkley, S. A., Riebman, J. B. & Reilly, K. B. The pineal gland: a biological clock in vitro. Science 202, 1198-1120 (1978).
    • (1978) Science , vol.202 , pp. 1198-11120
    • Binkley, S.A.1    Riebman, J.B.2    Reilly, K.B.3
  • 29
    • 0018742943 scopus 로고
    • Circadian clock in culture: N-acetyltransferase activity of chick pineal glands oscillates in vitro
    • Kasal, C. A., Menaker, M. & Perez-Polo, J. R. Circadian clock in culture: N-acetyltransferase activity of chick pineal glands oscillates in vitro. Science 203, 656-658 (1979).
    • (1979) Science , vol.203 , pp. 656-658
    • Kasal, C.A.1    Menaker, M.2    Perez-Polo, J.R.3
  • 30
    • 0032234896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Zebrafish Clock rhythmic expression reveals independent peripheral circadian oscillators
    • Whitmore, D., Foulkes, N. S., Strahle, U. & Sassone-Corsi, P. Zebrafish Clock rhythmic expression reveals independent peripheral circadian oscillators. Nature Neurosci. 1, 701-707 (1998).
    • (1998) Nature Neurosci. , vol.1 , pp. 701-707
    • Whitmore, D.1    Foulkes, N.S.2    Strahle, U.3    Sassone-Corsi, P.4
  • 31
    • 0030021710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circadian regulation of melatonin production in cultured zebrafish pineal and retina
    • Cahill, G. M. Circadian regulation of melatonin production in cultured zebrafish pineal and retina. Brain Res. 708, 177-181 (1996).
    • (1996) Brain Res. , vol.708 , pp. 177-181
    • Cahill, G.M.1
  • 32
    • 0345575504 scopus 로고
    • The pineal gland: A pacemaker within the circadian system of the house sparrow
    • Zimmerman, N. H. & Menaker, M. The pineal gland: a pacemaker within the circadian system of the house sparrow. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 76, 999-1003 (1979).
    • (1979) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.76 , pp. 999-1003
    • Zimmerman, N.H.1    Menaker, M.2
  • 33
    • 0023869867 scopus 로고
    • Circadian clock in cell culture: I. Oscillation of melatonin release from dissociated chick pineal cells in flow-through microcarrier culture
    • Robertson, L. M. & Takahashi, J. S. Circadian clock in cell culture: I. Oscillation of melatonin release from dissociated chick pineal cells in flow-through microcarrier culture. J. Neurosci. 8, 12-21 (1988).
    • (1988) J. Neurosci. , vol.8 , pp. 12-21
    • Robertson, L.M.1    Takahashi, J.S.2
  • 34
    • 0031915848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multioscillatory circadian organization in a vertebrate, Iguana iguana
    • Tosini, G. & Menaker, M. Multioscillatory circadian organization in a vertebrate, Iguana iguana. J. Neurosci. 18, 1105-1114 (1998).
    • (1998) J. Neurosci. , vol.18 , pp. 1105-1114
    • Tosini, G.1    Menaker, M.2
  • 36
    • 0031615573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetics of biological rhythms in Drosophila
    • Hall, J. C. Genetics of biological rhythms in Drosophila. Adv. Genet. 38, 135-184 (1998).
    • (1998) Adv. Genet. , vol.38 , pp. 135-184
    • Hall, J.C.1
  • 38
    • 0034042294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular genetics of circadian rhythms in mammals
    • King, D. P. & Takahashi, J. S. Molecular genetics of circadian rhythms in mammals. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 23, 713-742 (2000).
    • (2000) Annu. Rev. Neurosci. , vol.23 , pp. 713-742
    • King, D.P.1    Takahashi, J.S.2
  • 39
    • 0035044054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endogenous timekeepers in photosynthetic organisms
    • Johnson, C. H. Endogenous timekeepers in photosynthetic organisms. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 63, 695-728 (2001).
    • (2001) Annu. Rev. Physiol. , vol.63 , pp. 695-728
    • Johnson, C.H.1
  • 40
  • 41
    • 12244296161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • No transcription-translation feedback in circadian rhythm of KaiC phosphorylation
    • Tomita, J., Nakajima, M., Kondo, T. & Iwasaki, H. No transcription-translation feedback in circadian rhythm of KaiC phosphorylation. Science 307, 251-254 (2004).
    • (2004) Science , vol.307 , pp. 251-254
    • Tomita, J.1    Nakajima, M.2    Kondo, T.3    Iwasaki, H.4
  • 42
    • 0141557951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA microarray analyses of circadian timing: The genomic basis of biological time
    • Duffield, G. E. DNA microarray analyses of circadian timing: the genomic basis of biological time. J. Neuroendocrinol. 15, 991-1002 (2003).
    • (2003) J. Neuroendocrinol. , vol.15 , pp. 991-1002
    • Duffield, G.E.1
  • 43
    • 4544362674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mammalian circadian biology: Elucidating genome-wide levels of temporal organization
    • Lowrey, P. L. & Takahashi, J. S. Mammalian circadian biology: elucidating genome-wide levels of temporal organization. Annu. Rev. Genomics Hum. Genet. 5, 407-441 (2004).
    • (2004) Annu. Rev. Genomics Hum. Genet. , vol.5 , pp. 407-441
    • Lowrey, P.L.1    Takahashi, J.S.2
  • 44
    • 0042490526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A clockwork web: Circadian timing in brain and periphery, in health and disease
    • Hastings, M. H., Reddy, A. B. & Maywood, E. S. A clockwork web: circadian timing in brain and periphery, in health and disease. Nature Rev. Neurosci. 4, 649-661 (2003).
    • (2003) Nature Rev. Neurosci. , vol.4 , pp. 649-661
    • Hastings, M.H.1    Reddy, A.B.2    Maywood, E.S.3
  • 45
    • 4544355300 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • It's all in the timing: Many clocks, many outputs
    • Panda, S. & Hogenesch, J. B. It's all in the timing: many clocks, many outputs. J. Biol. Rhythms 19, 374-387 (2004).
    • (2004) J. Biol. Rhythms , vol.19 , pp. 374-387
    • Panda, S.1    Hogenesch, J.B.2
  • 46
    • 0037134445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genome-wide transcriptional orchestration of circadian rhythms in Drosophila
    • Ueda, H. R. et al. Genome-wide transcriptional orchestration of circadian rhythms in Drosophila. J. Biol. Chem. 277, 14048-14052 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.277 , pp. 14048-14052
    • Ueda, H.R.1
  • 47
    • 0344823908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple oscillators regulate circadian gene expression in Neurospora
    • Correa, A. et al. Multiple oscillators regulate circadian gene expression in Neurospora. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 100, 13597-13602 (2003). The authors identify CCGs that maintain circadian rhythmicity in the absence of the FRQ/WC oscillator, confirming the existence of a second oscillator in N. crassa cells that is involved in regulating rhythmic gene expression.
    • (2003) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.100 , pp. 13597-13602
    • Correa, A.1
  • 48
    • 0035977158 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microarray analysis and organization of circadian gene expression in Drosophila
    • McDonald, M. J. & Rosbash, M. Microarray analysis and organization of circadian gene expression in Drosophila. Cell 107, 567-578 (2001).
    • (2001) Cell , vol.107 , pp. 567-578
    • McDonald, M.J.1    Rosbash, M.2
  • 49
    • 0035923746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circadian regulation of gene expression systems in the Drosophila head
    • Claridge-Chang, A. et al. Circadian regulation of gene expression systems in the Drosophila head. Neuron 32, 657-671 (2001).
    • (2001) Neuron , vol.32 , pp. 657-671
    • Claridge-Chang, A.1
  • 50
    • 17944372944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genome-wide epistatic interaction analysis reveals complex genetic determinants of circadian behavior in mice
    • Shimomura, K. et al. Genome-wide epistatic interaction analysis reveals complex genetic determinants of circadian behavior in mice. Genome Res. 11, 959-980 (2001).
    • (2001) Genome Res. , vol.11 , pp. 959-980
    • Shimomura, K.1
  • 51
    • 0028675032 scopus 로고
    • Different phase responses of the two circadian oscillators in Gonyaulax
    • Morse, D., Hastings, J. W. & Roenneberg, T. Different phase responses of the two circadian oscillators in Gonyaulax. J. Biol. Rhythms 9, 263-274 (1994).
    • (1994) J. Biol. Rhythms , vol.9 , pp. 263-274
    • Morse, D.1    Hastings, J.W.2    Roenneberg, T.3
  • 52
    • 0027349267 scopus 로고
    • Temporal organization: Reflections of a Darwinian clock-watcher
    • Pittendrigh, C. S. Temporal organization: reflections of a Darwinian clock-watcher. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 55, 16-54 (1993). A must-read for any student of circadian biology.
    • (1993) Annu. Rev. Physiol. , vol.55 , pp. 16-54
    • Pittendrigh, C.S.1
  • 53
    • 1842456940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cyanobacterial circadian clocks - Timing is everything
    • Golden, S. S. & Canales, S. R. Cyanobacterial circadian clocks - timing is everything. Nature Rev. Microbiol. 1, 191-199 (2003).
    • (2003) Nature Rev. Microbiol. , vol.1 , pp. 191-199
    • Golden, S.S.1    Canales, S.R.2
  • 54
    • 1942435934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Precise circadian clocks in prokaryotic cyanobacteria
    • Johnson, C. H. Precise circadian clocks in prokaryotic cyanobacteria. Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 6, 103-110 (2004).
    • (2004) Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. , vol.6 , pp. 103-110
    • Johnson, C.H.1
  • 55
    • 0031032072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circadian rhythms in rapidly dividing cyanobacteria
    • Kondo, T. et al. Circadian rhythms in rapidly dividing cyanobacteria. Science 275, 224-227 (1997).
    • (1997) Science , vol.275 , pp. 224-227
    • Kondo, T.1
  • 56
    • 0032483510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of a gene cluster kaiABC as a circadian feedback process in cyanobacteria
    • Ishiura, M. et al. Expression of a gene cluster kaiABC as a circadian feedback process in cyanobacteria. Science 281, 1519-1523 (1998).
    • (1998) Science , vol.281 , pp. 1519-1523
    • Ishiura, M.1
  • 57
    • 17244373578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reconstitution of circadian oscillation of cyanobacterial KaiC phosphorylation in vitro
    • Nakajima, M. et al. Reconstitution of circadian oscillation of cyanobacterial KaiC phosphorylation in vitro. Science 308, 414-415 (2005). The authors show that a mixture of KaiA, KaiB, KaiC and ATP can reconstitute a temperature-compensated circadian rhythm of KaiC phosphorylation in vitro.
    • (2005) Science , vol.308 , pp. 414-415
    • Nakajima, M.1
  • 58
    • 0035783051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circadian programming in cyanobacteria
    • Mori, T. & Johnson, C. H. Circadian programming in cyanobacteria. Semin. Cell Dev. Biol. 12, 271-278 (2001).
    • (2001) Semin. Cell Dev. Biol. , vol.12 , pp. 271-278
    • Mori, T.1    Johnson, C.H.2
  • 59
    • 0029042379 scopus 로고
    • Circadian orchestration of gene expression in cyanobacteria
    • Liu, Y. et al. Circadian orchestration of gene expression in cyanobacteria. Genes Dev. 9, 1469-1478 (1995).
    • (1995) Genes Dev. , vol.9 , pp. 1469-1478
    • Liu, Y.1
  • 60
    • 17144372902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • LdpA: A component of the circadian clock senses redox state of the cell
    • Ivleva, N.B., Bramlett, M. R., Lindahl, P. A. & Golden, S. S. LdpA: a component of the circadian clock senses redox state of the cell. EMBO J. (2005).
    • (2005) EMBO J.
    • Ivleva, N.B.1    Bramlett, M.R.2    Lindahl, P.A.3    Golden, S.S.4
  • 61
    • 1642555774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global gene repression by KaiC as a master process of prokaryotic circadian system
    • Nakahira, Y. et al. Global gene repression by KaiC as a master process of prokaryotic circadian system. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 101, 881-885 (2004).
    • (2004) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.101 , pp. 881-885
    • Nakahira, Y.1
  • 62
    • 0036285605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Roles for sigma factors in global circadian regulation of the cyanobacterial genome
    • Nair, U., Ditty, J. L., Min, H. & Golden, S. S. Roles for sigma factors in global circadian regulation of the cyanobacterial genome. J. Bacteriol. 184, 3530-3538 (2002). This paper shows that separate timing circuits with different periods coexist in cyanobacterial cells.
    • (2002) J. Bacteriol. , vol.184 , pp. 3530-3538
    • Nair, U.1    Ditty, J.L.2    Min, H.3    Golden, S.S.4
  • 63
    • 3042810019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resilient circadian oscillator revealed in individual cyanobacteria
    • Mihalcescu, I., Hsing, W. & Leibler, S. Resilient circadian oscillator revealed in individual cyanobacteria. Nature 430, 81-85 (2004).
    • (2004) Nature , vol.430 , pp. 81-85
    • Mihalcescu, I.1    Hsing, W.2    Leibler, S.3
  • 64
    • 0028258994 scopus 로고
    • Negative feedback defining a circadian clock: Autoregulation of the clock gene frequency
    • Aronson, B. D., Johnson, K. A., Loros, J. J. & Dunlap, J. C. Negative feedback defining a circadian clock: autoregulation of the clock gene frequency. Science 263, 1578-1584 (1994).
    • (1994) Science , vol.263 , pp. 1578-1584
    • Aronson, B.D.1    Johnson, K.A.2    Loros, J.J.3    Dunlap, J.C.4
  • 65
    • 0029047917 scopus 로고
    • Light-induced resetting of a circadian clock is mediated by a rapid increase in frequency transcript
    • Crosthwaite, S. K., Loros, J. J. & Dunlap, J. C. Light-induced resetting of a circadian clock is mediated by a rapid increase in frequency transcript. Cell 81, 1003-1012 (1995).
    • (1995) Cell , vol.81 , pp. 1003-1012
    • Crosthwaite, S.K.1    Loros, J.J.2    Dunlap, J.C.3
  • 66
    • 0032493875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How temperature changes reset a circadian oscillator
    • Liu, Y., Merrow, M., Loros, J. J. & Dunlap, J. C. How temperature changes reset a circadian oscillator. Science 281, 825-829 (1998).
    • (1998) Science , vol.281 , pp. 825-829
    • Liu, Y.1    Merrow, M.2    Loros, J.J.3    Dunlap, J.C.4
  • 67
    • 0035047711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic and molecular analysis of circadian rhythms in Neurospora
    • Loros, J. J. & Dunlap, J. C. Genetic and molecular analysis of circadian rhythms in Neurospora. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 63, 757-794 (2001).
    • (2001) Annu. Rev. Physiol. , vol.63 , pp. 757-794
    • Loros, J.J.1    Dunlap, J.C.2
  • 68
    • 0022769996 scopus 로고
    • Loss of temperature compensation of circadian period length in the frq-9 mutant of Neurospora crassa
    • Loros, J. J. & Feldman, J. F. Loss of temperature compensation of circadian period length in the frq-9 mutant of Neurospora crassa. J. Biol. Rhythms 1, 187-198 (1986).
    • (1986) J. Biol. Rhythms , vol.1 , pp. 187-198
    • Loros, J.J.1    Feldman, J.F.2
  • 69
    • 0027994487 scopus 로고
    • Circadian clock locus frequency: Protein encoded by a single open reading frame defines period length and temperature compensation
    • Aronson, B. D., Johnson, K. A. & Dunlap, J. C. Circadian clock locus frequency: protein encoded by a single open reading frame defines period length and temperature compensation. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 91, 7683-7687 (1994).
    • (1994) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.91 , pp. 7683-7687
    • Aronson, B.D.1    Johnson, K.A.2    Dunlap, J.C.3
  • 70
    • 0141732272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circadian rhythms in Neurospora crassa: Farnesol or geraniol allow expression of rhythmicity in the otherwise arrhythmic strains frq10, wc-1, and wc-2
    • Granshaw, T., Tsukamoto, M. & Brody, S. Circadian rhythms in Neurospora crassa: farnesol or geraniol allow expression of rhythmicity in the otherwise arrhythmic strains frq10, wc-1, and wc-2. J. Biol. Rhythms 18, 287-296 (2003).
    • (2003) J. Biol. Rhythms , vol.18 , pp. 287-296
    • Granshaw, T.1    Tsukamoto, M.2    Brody, S.3
  • 71
    • 0033542410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assignment of circadian function for the Neurospora clock gene frequency
    • Merrow, M., Brunner, M. & Roenneberg, T. Assignment of circadian function for the Neurospora clock gene frequency. Nature 399, 584-586 (1999).
    • (1999) Nature , vol.399 , pp. 584-586
    • Merrow, M.1    Brunner, M.2    Roenneberg, T.3
  • 72
    • 13844321721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assignment of an essential role for the Neurospora frequency gene in circadian entrainment to temperature cycles
    • Pregueiro, A. M. et al. Assignment of an essential role for the Neurospora frequency gene in circadian entrainment to temperature cycles. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 102 2210-2215 (2005).
    • (2005) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.102 , pp. 2210-2215
    • Pregueiro, A.M.1
  • 73
    • 3242740966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A nitrate-induced frq-less oscillator in Neurospora crassa
    • Christensen, M. K. et al. A nitrate-induced frq-less oscillator in Neurospora crassa. J. Biol. Rhythms 19, 280-286 (2004).
    • (2004) J. Biol. Rhythms , vol.19 , pp. 280-286
    • Christensen, M.K.1
  • 74
    • 0034623057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SN-1,2-diacylglycerol levels in the fungus Neurospora crassa display circadian rhythmicity
    • Ramsdale, M. & Lakin-Thomas, P. L. SN-1,2-diacylglycerol levels in the fungus Neurospora crassa display circadian rhythmicity. J. Biol. Chem. 275, 27541-27550 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.275 , pp. 27541-27550
    • Ramsdale, M.1    Lakin-Thomas, P.L.2
  • 75
    • 0042709612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The frequency gene is required for temperature-dependent regulation of many clock-controlled genes in Neurospora crassa
    • Nowrousian, M., Duffield, G. E., Loros, J. J. & Dunlap, J. C. The frequency gene is required for temperature-dependent regulation of many clock-controlled genes in Neurospora crassa. Genetics 164, 923-933 (2003).
    • (2003) Genetics , vol.164 , pp. 923-933
    • Nowrousian, M.1    Duffield, G.E.2    Loros, J.J.3    Dunlap, J.C.4
  • 76
    • 0021894459 scopus 로고
    • Circadian neural rhythms in mammals
    • Turek, F. W. Circadian neural rhythms in mammals. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 47, 49-64 (1985).
    • (1985) Annu. Rev. Physiol. , vol.47 , pp. 49-64
    • Turek, F.W.1
  • 77
    • 0025021084 scopus 로고
    • Transplanted suprachiasmatic nucleus determines circadian period
    • Ralph, M. R., Foster, R. G., Davis, F. C. & Menaker, M. Transplanted suprachiasmatic nucleus determines circadian period. Science 247, 975-978 (1990). The authors show that the period of behavioural rhythms in rats is determined by cells of the SCN.
    • (1990) Science , vol.247 , pp. 975-978
    • Ralph, M.R.1    Foster, R.G.2    Davis, F.C.3    Menaker, M.4
  • 79
    • 0023807125 scopus 로고
    • Loss of entrainment and anatomical plasticity after lesions of the hamster retinohypothalamic tract
    • Johnson, R. F., Moore, R. Y. & Morin, L. P. Loss of entrainment and anatomical plasticity after lesions of the hamster retinohypothalamic tract. Brain Res. 460, 297-313 (1988).
    • (1988) Brain Res. , vol.460 , pp. 297-313
    • Johnson, R.F.1    Moore, R.Y.2    Morin, L.P.3
  • 80
    • 4143142003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A functional genomics strategy reveals RORa as a component of the mammalian circadian clock
    • Sato, T. K. et al. A functional genomics strategy reveals RORa as a component of the mammalian circadian clock. Neuron 43, 527-537 (2004).
    • (2004) Neuron , vol.43 , pp. 527-537
    • Sato, T.K.1
  • 81
    • 0037178787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The orphan nuclear receptor REV-ERBα controls circadian transcription within the positive limb of the mammalian circadian oscillator
    • Preitner, N. et al. The orphan nuclear receptor REV-ERBα controls circadian transcription within the positive limb of the mammalian circadian oscillator. Cell 110, 251-260 (2002).
    • (2002) Cell , vol.110 , pp. 251-260
    • Preitner, N.1
  • 82
    • 0031472474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two period homologs: Circadian expression and photic regulation in the suprachiasmatic nuclei
    • Shearman, L. P., Zylka, M. J., Weaver, D. R., Kolakowski, L. F., Jr & Reppert, S. M. Two period homologs: circadian expression and photic regulation in the suprachiasmatic nuclei. Neuron 19, 1261-1269 (1997).
    • (1997) Neuron , vol.19 , pp. 1261-1269
    • Shearman, L.P.1    Zylka, M.J.2    Weaver, D.R.3    Kolakowski Jr., L.F.4    Reppert, S.M.5
  • 83
    • 0032102386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three period homologs in mammals: Differential light responses in the suprachiasmatic circadian clock and oscillating transcripts outside of brain
    • Zylka, M. J., Shearman, L. P., Weaver, D. R. & Reppert, S. M. Three period homologs in mammals: differential light responses in the suprachiasmatic circadian clock and oscillating transcripts outside of brain. Neuron 20, 1103-1110 (1998). These are the first experiments to show that circadian oscillators in mammals exist in tissues outside the brain and retina.
    • (1998) Neuron , vol.20 , pp. 1103-1110
    • Zylka, M.J.1    Shearman, L.P.2    Weaver, D.R.3    Reppert, S.M.4
  • 84
    • 0034730493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resetting of circadian time in peripheral tissues by glucocorticoid signaling
    • Balsalobre, A. et al. Resetting of circadian time in peripheral tissues by glucocorticoid signaling. Science 289, 2344-2347 (2000).
    • (2000) Science , vol.289 , pp. 2344-2347
    • Balsalobre, A.1
  • 85
    • 1942533607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circadian lessons from peripheral clocks: Is the time of the mammalian pacemaker up?
    • Brandstaetter, R. Circadian lessons from peripheral clocks: is the time of the mammalian pacemaker up? Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 101, 5699-5700 (2004).
    • (2004) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.101 , pp. 5699-5700
    • Brandstaetter, R.1
  • 86
    • 0037446846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suprachiasmatic nucleus grafts restore circadian behavioural rhythms of genetically arrhythmic mice
    • Sujino, M. et al. Suprachiasmatic nucleus grafts restore circadian behavioural rhythms of genetically arrhythmic mice. Curr. Biol. 13, 664-668 (2003).
    • (2003) Curr. Biol. , vol.13 , pp. 664-668
    • Sujino, M.1
  • 87
    • 0025885238 scopus 로고
    • Transplantation; a new tool in the analysis of the mammalian hypothalamic circadian pacemaker
    • Ralph, M. R. & Lehman, M. N. Transplantation; a new tool in the analysis of the mammalian hypothalamic circadian pacemaker. Trends Neurosci. 14, 362-366 (1991).
    • (1991) Trends Neurosci. , vol.14 , pp. 362-366
    • Ralph, M.R.1    Lehman, M.N.2
  • 88
    • 0032994518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Establishment and characterization of adenoviral E1A immortalized cell lines derived from the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus
    • Earnest, D. J. et al. Establishment and characterization of adenoviral E1A immortalized cell lines derived from the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus. J. Neurobiol. 39, 1-13 (1999).
    • (1999) J. Neurobiol. , vol.39 , pp. 1-13
    • Earnest, D.J.1
  • 89
    • 0033613828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immortal time: Circadian clock properties of rat suprachiasmatic cell lines
    • Earnest, D. J., Liang, F. Q., Ratcliff, M. & Cassone, V. M. Immortal time: circadian clock properties of rat suprachiasmatic cell lines. Science 283, 693-695 (1999).
    • (1999) Science , vol.283 , pp. 693-695
    • Earnest, D.J.1    Liang, F.Q.2    Ratcliff, M.3    Cassone, V.M.4
  • 90
    • 0035888014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oscillating on borrowed time: Diffusible signals from immortalized suprachiasmatic nucleus cells regulate circadian rhythmicity in cultured fibroblasts
    • Allen, G., Rappe, J., Earnest, D. J. & Cassone, V. M. Oscillating on borrowed time: diffusible signals from immortalized suprachiasmatic nucleus cells regulate circadian rhythmicity in cultured fibroblasts. J. Neurosci. 21, 7937-7943 (2001). The capacity to generate circadian rhythms endogenously and to confer this rhythmicity to other cells was compared in immortalized cells derived from the SCN and a fibroblast line. This allowed differentiation between SCN pacemaker properties and the oscillatory behaviour of non-clock tissues.
    • (2001) J. Neurosci. , vol.21 , pp. 7937-7943
    • Allen, G.1    Rappe, J.2    Earnest, D.J.3    Cassone, V.M.4
  • 91
    • 0033534628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A molecular mechanism regulating rhythmic output from the suprachiasmatic circadian clock
    • Jin, X. et al. A molecular mechanism regulating rhythmic output from the suprachiasmatic circadian clock. Cell 96, 57-68 (1999).
    • (1999) Cell , vol.96 , pp. 57-68
    • Jin, X.1
  • 92
    • 0033637383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Restricted feeding uncouples circadian oscillators in peripheral tissues from the central pacemaker in the suprachiasmatic nucleus
    • Damiola, F. et al. Restricted feeding uncouples circadian oscillators in peripheral tissues from the central pacemaker in the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Genes Dev. 14, 2950-2961 (2000).
    • (2000) Genes Dev. , vol.14 , pp. 2950-2961
    • Damiola, F.1
  • 93
    • 0035910387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Entrainment of the circadian clock in the liver by feeding
    • Stokkan, K. A., Yamazaki, S., Tei, H., Sakaki, Y. & Menaker M. Entrainment of the circadian clock in the liver by feeding. Science 291, 490-493 (2001).
    • (2001) Science , vol.291 , pp. 490-493
    • Stokkan, K.A.1    Yamazaki, S.2    Tei, H.3    Sakaki, Y.4    Menaker, M.5
  • 94
    • 0141509017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peripheral circadian oscillators in mammals: Time and food
    • Schibler, U., Ripperger, J. & Brown, S. A. Peripheral circadian oscillators in mammals: time and food. J. Biol. Rhythms 18, 250-260 (2003).
    • (2003) J. Biol. Rhythms , vol.18 , pp. 250-260
    • Schibler, U.1    Ripperger, J.2    Brown, S.A.3
  • 95
    • 0037161808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prokineticin 2 transmits the behavioural circadian rhythm of the suprachiasmatic nucleus
    • Cheng, M. Y. et al. Prokineticin 2 transmits the behavioural circadian rhythm of the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Nature 417, 405-410 (2002).
    • (2002) Nature , vol.417 , pp. 405-410
    • Cheng, M.Y.1
  • 96
    • 0035930732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of daily locomotor activity and sleep by hypothalamic EGF receptor signaling
    • Kramer, A. et al. Regulation of daily locomotor activity and sleep by hypothalamic EGF receptor signaling. Science 294, 2511-2515 (2001).
    • (2001) Science , vol.294 , pp. 2511-2515
    • Kramer, A.1
  • 97
    • 0142056949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcriptional profiling of the chick pineal gland, a photoreceptive circadian oscillator and pacemaker
    • Bailey, M. J. et al. Transcriptional profiling of the chick pineal gland, a photoreceptive circadian oscillator and pacemaker. Mol. Endocrinol. 17, 2084-2095 (2003).
    • (2003) Mol. Endocrinol. , vol.17 , pp. 2084-2095
    • Bailey, M.J.1
  • 98
    • 10644287532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcriptional profiling of circadian patterns of mRNA expression in the chick retina
    • Bailey, M. J. et al. Transcriptional profiling of circadian patterns of mRNA expression in the chick retina. J. Biol. Chem. 279, 52247-52254 (2004).
    • (2004) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.279 , pp. 52247-52254
    • Bailey, M.J.1
  • 99
    • 0043167122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA arrays: Applications and implications for circadian biology
    • Sato, T. K., Panda, S., Kay, S. A. & Hogenesch, J. B. DNA arrays: applications and implications for circadian biology. J. Biol. Rhythms 18, 96-105 (2003).
    • (2003) J. Biol. Rhythms , vol.18 , pp. 96-105
    • Sato, T.K.1    Panda, S.2    Kay, S.A.3    Hogenesch, J.B.4
  • 100
    • 1442284354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of clock gene products in the suprachiasmatic nucleus in relation to circadian behaviour
    • Hastings, M. H. et al. Expression of clock gene products in the suprachiasmatic nucleus in relation to circadian behaviour. Novartis Found. Symp. 253, 203-217 (2003).
    • (2003) Novartis Found. Symp. , vol.253 , pp. 203-217
    • Hastings, M.H.1
  • 101
    • 0035983268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ups and downs of daily life: Profiling circadian gene expression in Drosophila
    • Etter, P. D. & Ramaswami, M. The ups and downs of daily life: profiling circadian gene expression in Drosophila. Bioessays 24, 494-498 (2002).
    • (2002) Bioessays , vol.24 , pp. 494-498
    • Etter, P.D.1    Ramaswami, M.2
  • 102
    • 0037047054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of the period-dependent circadian clock on diurnal, circadian, and aperiodic gene expression in Drosophila melanogaster
    • Lin, Y. et al. Influence of the period-dependent circadian clock on diurnal, circadian, and aperiodic gene expression in Drosophila melanogaster. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 99, 9562-9567 (2002).
    • (2002) Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , vol.99 , pp. 9562-9567
    • Lin, Y.1
  • 104
    • 0037007625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extensive and divergent circadian gene expression in liver and heart
    • Storch, K. F. et al. Extensive and divergent circadian gene expression in liver and heart. Nature 417, 78-83 (2002).
    • (2002) Nature , vol.417 , pp. 78-83
    • Storch, K.F.1
  • 105
    • 0023622030 scopus 로고
    • Retinohypothalamic projection and suprachiasmatic nucleus of the house sparrow, Passer domesticus
    • Cassone, V. M. & Moore, R. Y. Retinohypothalamic projection and suprachiasmatic nucleus of the house sparrow, Passer domesticus. J. Comp. Neurol. 266, 171-182 (1987).
    • (1987) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.266 , pp. 171-182
    • Cassone, V.M.1    Moore, R.Y.2
  • 106
    • 0042490763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypothalamic circadian organization in birds. I. Anatomy, functional morphology, and terminology of the suprachiasmatic region
    • Brandstatter, R. & Abraham, U. Hypothalamic circadian organization in birds. I. Anatomy, functional morphology, and terminology of the suprachiasmatic region. Chronobiol. Int. 20, 637-655 (2003).
    • (2003) Chronobiol. Int. , vol.20 , pp. 637-655
    • Brandstatter, R.1    Abraham, U.2
  • 108
    • 0021688858 scopus 로고
    • Is the avian circadian system a neuroendocrine loop?
    • Cassone, V. M. & Menaker, M. Is the avian circadian system a neuroendocrine loop? J. Exp. Zool. 232, 539-549 (1984). This paper provides evidence for the neuroendocrine loop model in birds.
    • (1984) J. Exp. Zool. , vol.232 , pp. 539-549
    • Cassone, V.M.1    Menaker, M.2
  • 110
    • 0029781519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A diffusible coupling signal from the transplanted suprachiasmatic nucleus controlling circadian locomotor rhythms
    • Silver, R., LeSauter, J., Tresco, P. A. & Lehman, M. N. A diffusible coupling signal from the transplanted suprachiasmatic nucleus controlling circadian locomotor rhythms. Nature 382, 810-813 (1996).
    • (1996) Nature , vol.382 , pp. 810-813
    • Silver, R.1    Lesauter, J.2    Tresco, P.A.3    Lehman, M.N.4
  • 111
    • 0025075236 scopus 로고
    • Hypothalamic regulation of circadian noradrenergic input to the chick pineal gland
    • Cassone, V. M., Forsyth, A. M. & Woodlee, G. L. Hypothalamic regulation of circadian noradrenergic input to the chick pineal gland. J. Comp. Physiol. A 167, 187-192 (1990).
    • (1990) J. Comp. Physiol. A , vol.167 , pp. 187-192
    • Cassone, V.M.1    Forsyth, A.M.2    Woodlee, G.L.3
  • 112
    • 0022558409 scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of noradrenergic circadian input to the chicken pineal gland
    • Cassone, V. M., Takahashi, J. S., Blaha, C. D., Lane, R. F. & Menaker, M. Dynamics of noradrenergic circadian input to the chicken pineal gland. Brain Res. 384, 334-341 (1986).
    • (1986) Brain Res. , vol.384 , pp. 334-341
    • Cassone, V.M.1    Takahashi, J.S.2    Blaha, C.D.3    Lane, R.F.4    Menaker, M.5
  • 113
    • 0037573540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temporal-spatial characterization of chicken clock genes: Circadian expression in retina, pineal gland, and peripheral tissues
    • Chong, N. W., Chaurasia, S. S., Hague, R., Klein, D. C. & Iuvone, P. M. Temporal-spatial characterization of chicken clock genes: circadian expression in retina, pineal gland, and peripheral tissues. J. Neurochem. 85, 851-860 (2003).
    • (2003) J. Neurochem. , vol.85 , pp. 851-860
    • Chong, N.W.1    Chaurasia, S.S.2    Hague, R.3    Klein, D.C.4    Iuvone, P.M.5
  • 114
    • 0036484812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular cloning and circadian regulation of cryptochrome genes in Japanese quail (Coturnix cotumix japonica)
    • Fu, Z., Inaba, M., Noguchi, T. & Kato, H. Molecular cloning and circadian regulation of cryptochrome genes in Japanese quail (Coturnix cotumix japonica). J. Biol. Rhythms 17, 14-27 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Biol. Rhythms , vol.17 , pp. 14-27
    • Fu, Z.1    Inaba, M.2    Noguchi, T.3    Kato, H.4
  • 115
    • 0034738152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular analysis of avian circadian clock genes
    • Yoshimura, T. et al. Molecular analysis of avian circadian clock genes. Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 78, 207-215 (2000).
    • (2000) Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. , vol.78 , pp. 207-215
    • Yoshimura, T.1
  • 116
    • 0037181154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chickens' Cry2: Molecular analysis of an avian cryptochrome in retinal and pineal photoreceptors
    • Bailey, M. J., Chong, N. W., Xiong, J. & Cassone, V. M. Chickens' Cry2: molecular analysis of an avian cryptochrome in retinal and pineal photoreceptors. FEBS Lett. 513, 169-174 (2002).
    • (2002) FEBS Lett. , vol.513 , pp. 169-174
    • Bailey, M.J.1    Chong, N.W.2    Xiong, J.3    Cassone, V.M.4
  • 117
    • 0031661551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Melatonin's role in vertebrate circadian rhythms
    • Cassone, V. M. Melatonin's role in vertebrate circadian rhythms. Chronobiol. Int. 15, 457-473 (1998).
    • (1998) Chronobiol. Int. , vol.15 , pp. 457-473
    • Cassone, V.M.1
  • 118
    • 0042991477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypothalamic circadian organization in birds. II. Clock gene expression
    • Abraham, U., Albrecht, U. & Brandstatter, R. Hypothalamic circadian organization in birds. II. Clock gene expression. Chronobiol. Int. 20, 657-669 (2003).
    • (2003) Chronobiol. Int. , vol.20 , pp. 657-669
    • Abraham, U.1    Albrecht, U.2    Brandstatter, R.3
  • 119
    • 0036428711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of melatonin administration on qPer2, qPer3, and qClock gene expression in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of Japanese quail
    • Yasuo, S. et al. Effect of melatonin administration on qPer2, qPer3, and qClock gene expression in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of Japanese quail. Eur. J. Neurosci. 16, 1541-1546 (2002).
    • (2002) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.16 , pp. 1541-1546
    • Yasuo, S.1
  • 120
    • 0036460656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial and temporal variation of Passer Per2 gene expression in two distinct cell groups of the suprachiasmatic hypothalamus in the house sparrow (Passer domesticus)
    • Abraham, U., Albrecht, U., Gwinner, E. & Brandstatter, R. Spatial and temporal variation of Passer Per2 gene expression in two distinct cell groups of the suprachiasmatic hypothalamus in the house sparrow (Passer domesticus). Eur. J. Neurosci. 16, 429-436 (2002).
    • (2002) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.16 , pp. 429-436
    • Abraham, U.1    Albrecht, U.2    Gwinner, E.3    Brandstatter, R.4
  • 121
  • 122
    • 0025617149 scopus 로고
    • Melatonin: Time in a bottle
    • Cassone, V. M. Melatonin: time in a bottle. Oxf. Rev. Reprod. Biol. 12, 319-367 (1990).
    • (1990) Oxf. Rev. Reprod. Biol. , vol.12 , pp. 319-367
    • Cassone, V.M.1
  • 123
    • 0031304819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time and time again: The phylogeny of melatonin as a transducer of biological time
    • Cassone, V. M. & Natesan, A. K. Time and time again: the phylogeny of melatonin as a transducer of biological time. J. Biol. Rhythms 12, 489-497 (1997).
    • (1997) J. Biol. Rhythms , vol.12 , pp. 489-497
    • Cassone, V.M.1    Natesan, A.K.2
  • 124
    • 0025483161 scopus 로고
    • Optimization, constraint, and history in the evolution of eyes
    • Goldsmith, T. H. Optimization, constraint, and history in the evolution of eyes. Q. Rev. Biol. 65, 281-322 (1990).
    • (1990) Q. Rev. Biol. , vol.65 , pp. 281-322
    • Goldsmith, T.H.1
  • 125
    • 0035201828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic inferences from molecular sequences: Review and critique
    • Brocchieri, L. Phylogenetic inferences from molecular sequences: review and critique. Theor. Popul. Biol. 59, 27-40 (2001).
    • (2001) Theor. Popul. Biol. , vol.59 , pp. 27-40
    • Brocchieri, L.1
  • 126
    • 0033595790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interlocked feedback loops within the Drosophila circadian oscillator
    • Glossop, N. R., Lyons, L. C. & Hardin, P. E. Interlocked feedback loops within the Drosophila circadian oscillator. Science 286, 766-768 (1999).
    • (1999) Science , vol.286 , pp. 766-768
    • Glossop, N.R.1    Lyons, L.C.2    Hardin, P.E.3
  • 127
    • 0037461716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • VRILLE feeds back to control circadian transcription of Clock in the Drosophila circadian oscillator
    • Glossop, N. R. et al. VRILLE feeds back to control circadian transcription of Clock in the Drosophila circadian oscillator. Neuron 37, 249-261 (2003).
    • (2003) Neuron , vol.37 , pp. 249-261
    • Glossop, N.R.1
  • 128
    • 0037423224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vrille, Pdp1, and dClock form a second feedback loop in the Drosophila circadian clock
    • Cyran, S. A. et al. vrille, Pdp1, and dClock form a second feedback loop in the Drosophila circadian clock. Cell 112, 329-341 (2003).
    • (2003) Cell , vol.112 , pp. 329-341
    • Cyran, S.A.1
  • 129
    • 0032486432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Closing the circadian loop: CLOCK-induced transcription of its own inhibitors per and tim
    • Darlington, T. K. et al. Closing the circadian loop: CLOCK-induced transcription of its own inhibitors per and tim. Science 280, 1599-1603 (1998).
    • (1998) Science , vol.280 , pp. 1599-1603
    • Darlington, T.K.1
  • 130
    • 0032191902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Drosophila CLOCK protein undergoes daily rhythms in abundance, phosphorylation, and interactions with the PER-TIM complex
    • Lee, C., Bae, K. & Edery, I. The Drosophila CLOCK protein undergoes daily rhythms in abundance, phosphorylation, and interactions with the PER-TIM complex. Neuron 21, 857-867 (1998).
    • (1998) Neuron , vol.21 , pp. 857-867
    • Lee, C.1    Bae, K.2    Edery, I.3
  • 131
    • 0032778040 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PER and TIM inhibit the DNA binding activity of a Drosophila CLOCK-CYC/dBMAL1 heterodimer without disrupting formation of the heterodimer: A basis for circadian transcription
    • Lee, C., Bae, K. & Edery, I. PER and TIM inhibit the DNA binding activity of a Drosophila CLOCK-CYC/dBMAL1 heterodimer without disrupting formation of the heterodimer: a basis for circadian transcription. Mol. Cell. Biol. 19, 5316-5325 (1999).
    • (1999) Mol. Cell. Biol. , vol.19 , pp. 5316-5325
    • Lee, C.1    Bae, K.2    Edery, I.3
  • 132
    • 0037686260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetics and molecular biology of rhythms in Drosophila and other insects
    • Hall, J. C. Genetics and molecular biology of rhythms in Drosophila and other insects. Adv. Genet. 48, 1-280 (2003).
    • (2003) Adv. Genet. , vol.48 , pp. 1-280
    • Hall, J.C.1
  • 133
    • 0036713612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Central and peripheral circadian oscillator mechanisms in flies and mammals
    • Glossop, N. R. & Hardin, P. E. Central and peripheral circadian oscillator mechanisms in flies and mammals. J. Cell Sci. 115, 3369-3377 (2002).
    • (2002) J. Cell Sci. , vol.115 , pp. 3369-3377
    • Glossop, N.R.1    Hardin, P.E.2
  • 134
    • 7244252844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morning and evening peaks of activity rely on different clock neurons of the Drosophila brain
    • Grima, B., Chelot, E., Xia, R. & Rouyer, F. Morning and evening peaks of activity rely on different clock neurons of the Drosophila brain. Nature 431, 869-873 (2004).
    • (2004) Nature , vol.431 , pp. 869-873
    • Grima, B.1    Chelot, E.2    Xia, R.3    Rouyer, F.4
  • 135
    • 0028314111 scopus 로고
    • A promoterless period gene mediates behavioral rhythmicity and cyclical per expression in a restricted subset of the Drosophila nervous system
    • Frisch, B., Hardin, P. E., Hamblen-Coyle, M. J., Rosbash, M. & Hall, J. C. A promoterless period gene mediates behavioral rhythmicity and cyclical per expression in a restricted subset of the Drosophila nervous system. Neuron 12, 555-570 (1994).
    • (1994) Neuron , vol.12 , pp. 555-570
    • Frisch, B.1    Hardin, P.E.2    Hamblen-Coyle, M.J.3    Rosbash, M.4    Hall, J.C.5
  • 136
    • 0033599009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A pdf neuropeptide gene mutation and ablation of PDF neurons each cause severe abnormalities of behavioral circadian rhythms in Drosophila
    • Renn, S. C., Park, J. H., Rosbash, M., Hall, J. C. & Taghert, P. H. A pdf neuropeptide gene mutation and ablation of PDF neurons each cause severe abnormalities of behavioral circadian rhythms in Drosophila. Cell 99, 791-802 (1999).
    • (1999) Cell , vol.99 , pp. 791-802
    • Renn, S.C.1    Park, J.H.2    Rosbash, M.3    Hall, J.C.4    Taghert, P.H.5
  • 137
    • 0033595225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circadian rhythms in olfactory responses of Drosophila melanogaster
    • Krishnan, B., Dryer, S. E. & Hardin, P. E. Circadian rhythms in olfactory responses of Drosophila melanogaster. Nature 400, 375-378 (1999).
    • (1999) Nature , vol.400 , pp. 375-378
    • Krishnan, B.1    Dryer, S.E.2    Hardin, P.E.3
  • 138
    • 1942541215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circadian clocks in antennal neurons are necessary and sufficient for olfaction rhythms in Drosophila
    • Tanoue, S., Krishnan, P., Krishnan, B., Dryer, S. E. & Hardin, P. E. Circadian clocks in antennal neurons are necessary and sufficient for olfaction rhythms in Drosophila. Curr. Biol. 14, 638-649 (2004). This is a demonstration that antennal neurons are both necessary and sufficient for olfaction rhythms, showing for the first time that a peripheral tissue can function as an autonomous pacemaker in D. melanogaster.
    • (2004) Curr. Biol. , vol.14 , pp. 638-649
    • Tanoue, S.1    Krishnan, P.2    Krishnan, B.3    Dryer, S.E.4    Hardin, P.E.5
  • 139
    • 0031196646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rhythmic expression of a PER-reporter in the Malpighian tubules of decapitated Drosophila: Evidence for a brain-independent circadian clock
    • Hege, D. M., Stanewsky, R., Hall, J. C. & Giebultowicz, J. M. Rhythmic expression of a PER-reporter in the Malpighian tubules of decapitated Drosophila: evidence for a brain-independent circadian clock. J. Biol. Rhythms 12, 300-308 (1997).
    • (1997) J. Biol. Rhythms , vol.12 , pp. 300-308
    • Hege, D.M.1    Stanewsky, R.2    Hall, J.C.3    Giebultowicz, J.M.4
  • 140
    • 7244242193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coupled oscillators control morning and evening locomotor behaviour of Drosophila
    • Stoleru, D., Peng, Y., Agosto, J. & Rosbash, M. Coupled oscillators control morning and evening locomotor behaviour of Drosophila. Nature 431, 862-868 (2004).
    • (2004) Nature , vol.431 , pp. 862-868
    • Stoleru, D.1    Peng, Y.2    Agosto, J.3    Rosbash, M.4
  • 141
    • 4243112662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drosophila free-running rhythms require intercellular communication
    • Peng, Y., Stoleru, D., Levine, J. D., Hall, J. C. & Rosbash, M. Drosophila free-running rhythms require intercellular communication. PLoS Biol. 1, e13 (2003).
    • (2003) PLoS Biol. , vol.1
    • Peng, Y.1    Stoleru, D.2    Levine, J.D.3    Hall, J.C.4    Rosbash, M.5
  • 142
    • 0033793919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A clockwork organ
    • Whitmore, D. et al. A clockwork organ. Biol. Chem. 381, 793-800 (2000).
    • (2000) Biol. Chem. , vol.381 , pp. 793-800
    • Whitmore, D.1
  • 143
    • 0036740834 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The circadian clock that controls gene expression in Arabidopsis is tissue specific
    • Thain, S. C., Murtas, G., Lynn, J. R., McGrath, R. B. & Millar, A. J. The circadian clock that controls gene expression in Arabidopsis is tissue specific. Plant Physiol. 130, 102-110 (2002).
    • (2002) Plant Physiol. , vol.130 , pp. 102-110
    • Thain, S.C.1    Murtas, G.2    Lynn, J.R.3    McGrath, R.B.4    Millar, A.J.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.