메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 48, Issue 3, 2004, Pages 852-859

Miltefosine Induces Apoptosis-Like Death in Leishmania donovani Promastigotes

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ASPARTIC ACID DERIVATIVE; BENZYLOXYCARBONYLVALYLALANYLASPARTYL FLUOROMETHYL KETONE; CASPASE INHIBITOR; DNA FRAGMENT; KETONE DERIVATIVE; MILTEFOSINE; PHOSPHATIDYLSERINE; PROTEINASE INHIBITOR;

EID: 1442349131     PISSN: 00664804     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/AAC.48.3.852-859.2004     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (293)

References (69)
  • 1
    • 0028817287 scopus 로고
    • Apoptosis in a unicellular eukaryotes (Trypanosoma cruzi): Implications for the evolutionary origin and role of programmed cell in the control of cell proliferation, differentiation and survival
    • Ameisen, J. C. 1995. Apoptosis in a unicellular eukaryotes (Trypanosoma cruzi): implications for the evolutionary origin and role of programmed cell in the control of cell proliferation, differentiation and survival. Cell Death Differ. 2:285-300.
    • (1995) Cell Death Differ. , vol.2 , pp. 285-300
    • Ameisen, J.C.1
  • 2
    • 0036311492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the origin, evolution, and nature of programmed cell death: A timeline of four billion years
    • Ameisen, J. C. 2002. On the origin, evolution, and nature of programmed cell death: a timeline of four billion years. Cell Death Differ. 9:367-393.
    • (2002) Cell Death Differ. , vol.9 , pp. 367-393
    • Ameisen, J.C.1
  • 3
    • 0035895540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apoptotic molecular machinery: Vastly increased complexity in vertebrates revealed by genome comparisons
    • Aravind, L., V. M. Dixit, and E. V. Koonin. 2001. Apoptotic molecular machinery: vastly increased complexity in vertebrates revealed by genome comparisons. Science 291:1279-1284.
    • (2001) Science , vol.291 , pp. 1279-1284
    • Aravind, L.1    Dixit, V.M.2    Koonin, E.V.3
  • 4
    • 0036142979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the evolution of programmed cell death: Apoptosis of the unicellular eukaryote Leishmania major involves cysteine proteinase activation and mitochondrion permeabilization
    • Arnoult, D., K. Akarid, A. Grodet, P. X. Petit, J. Estaquier, and J. C. Ameisen. 2002. On the evolution of programmed cell death: apoptosis of the unicellular eukaryote Leishmania major involves cysteine proteinase activation and mitochondrion permeabilization. Cell Death Differ. 9:65-81.
    • (2002) Cell Death Differ. , vol.9 , pp. 65-81
    • Arnoult, D.1    Akarid, K.2    Grodet, A.3    Petit, P.X.4    Estaquier, J.5    Ameisen, J.C.6
  • 5
    • 0032484590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The antiproliferative effect of hexadecylphosphocholine toward HL60 cells is prevented by exogenous lysophosphatidylcholine
    • Boggs, K., C. O. Rock, and S. Jackowski. 1998. The antiproliferative effect of hexadecylphosphocholine toward HL60 cells is prevented by exogenous lysophosphatidylcholine. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1389:1-12.
    • (1998) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1389 , pp. 1-12
    • Boggs, K.1    Rock, C.O.2    Jackowski, S.3
  • 7
    • 0023186694 scopus 로고
    • The activity of alkylphosphocholines and related derivatives against Leishmania donovani
    • Croft, S. L., R. A. Neal, W. Pendergast, and J. H. Chan. 1987. The activity of alkylphosphocholines and related derivatives against Leishmania donovani. Biochem. Pharmacol. 36:2633-2636.
    • (1987) Biochem. Pharmacol. , vol.36 , pp. 2633-2636
    • Croft, S.L.1    Neal, R.A.2    Pendergast, W.3    Chan, J.H.4
  • 8
    • 0030481123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The activities of four anticancer alkyllysophospholipids against Leishmania donovani, Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma brucei
    • Croft, S. L., D. Snowdon, and V. Yardley. 1996. The activities of four anticancer alkyllysophospholipids against Leishmania donovani, Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma brucei. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 38:1041-1047.
    • (1996) J. Antimicrob. Chemother. , vol.38 , pp. 1041-1047
    • Croft, S.L.1    Snowdon, D.2    Yardley, V.3
  • 9
    • 0034919499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrogen peroxide induces apoptosis-like death in Leishmania donovani promastigotes
    • Das, M., S. B. Mukherjee, and C. Shaha. 2001. Hydrogen peroxide induces apoptosis-like death in Leishmania donovani promastigotes. J. Cell Sci. 114: 2461-2469.
    • (2001) J. Cell Sci. , vol.114 , pp. 2461-2469
    • Das, M.1    Mukherjee, S.B.2    Shaha, C.3
  • 10
    • 0026470567 scopus 로고
    • Programmed nuclear death: Apoptotic-like degradation of specific nuclei in conjugating Tetrahymena
    • Davis, M. C., J. G. Ward, G. Herrick, and C. D. Allis. 1992. Programmed nuclear death: apoptotic-like degradation of specific nuclei in conjugating Tetrahymena. Dev. Biol. 154:419-432.
    • (1992) Dev. Biol. , vol.154 , pp. 419-432
    • Davis, M.C.1    Ward, J.G.2    Herrick, G.3    Allis, C.D.4
  • 11
    • 0030249268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leishmaniasis. Public health aspects and control
    • Desjeux, P. 1996. Leishmaniasis. Public health aspects and control. Clin. Dermatol. 14:417-423.
    • (1996) Clin. Dermatol. , vol.14 , pp. 417-423
    • Desjeux, P.1
  • 13
    • 0031888955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A caspase-activated DNase that degrades DNA during apoptosis, and its inhibitor ICAD
    • Enari, M., H. Sakahira, H. Yokoyama, K. Okawa, A. Iwamatsu, and S. Nagata. 1998. A caspase-activated DNase that degrades DNA during apoptosis, and its inhibitor ICAD. Nature 391:43-50.
    • (1998) Nature , vol.391 , pp. 43-50
    • Enari, M.1    Sakahira, H.2    Yokoyama, H.3    Okawa, K.4    Iwamatsu, A.5    Nagata, S.6
  • 14
    • 0030037465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early stage monitoring of miltefosine induced apoptosis in KB cells by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy
    • Engelmann, J., J. Henke, W. Willker, B. Kutscher, G. Nossner, J. Engel, and D. Leibfritz. 1996. Early stage monitoring of miltefosine induced apoptosis in KB cells by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy. Anticancer Res. 16:1429-1439.
    • (1996) Anticancer Res. , vol.16 , pp. 1429-1439
    • Engelmann, J.1    Henke, J.2    Willker, W.3    Kutscher, B.4    Nossner, G.5    Engel, J.6    Leibfritz, D.7
  • 16
    • 0035024396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activities of hexadecylphosphocholine (miltefosine), AmBisome, and sodium stibogluconate (Pentostam) against Leishmania donovani in immunodeficient scid mice
    • Escobar, P., V. Yardley, and S. L. Croft. 2001. Activities of hexadecylphosphocholine (miltefosine), AmBisome, and sodium stibogluconate (Pentostam) against Leishmania donovani in immunodeficient scid mice. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 45:1872-1875.
    • (2001) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.45 , pp. 1872-1875
    • Escobar, P.1    Yardley, V.2    Croft, S.L.3
  • 18
    • 0028010056 scopus 로고
    • Uptake, subcellular distribution and metabolism of the phospholipid analogue hexadecylphosphocholine in MDCK cells
    • Geilen, C. C., T. Wieder, A. Haase, W. Reutter, D. M. Morre, and D. J. Morre. 1994. Uptake, subcellular distribution and metabolism of the phospholipid analogue hexadecylphosphocholine in MDCK cells. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1211:14-22.
    • (1994) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.1211 , pp. 14-22
    • Geilen, C.C.1    Wieder, T.2    Haase, A.3    Reutter, W.4    Morre, D.M.5    Morre, D.J.6
  • 19
    • 0026726606 scopus 로고
    • Hexadecylphosphocholine inhibits translocation of CTP:choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells
    • Geilen, C. C., T. Wieder, and W. Reutter. 1992. Hexadecylphosphocholine inhibits translocation of CTP:choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. J. Biol. Chem. 267:6719-6724.
    • (1992) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.267 , pp. 6719-6724
    • Geilen, C.C.1    Wieder, T.2    Reutter, W.3
  • 21
    • 0025769543 scopus 로고
    • The phospholipid analogue hexadecylphosphocholine inhibits phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells
    • Haase, R., T. Wieder, C. C. Geilen, and W. Reutter. 1991. The phospholipid analogue hexadecylphosphocholine inhibits phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. FEBS Lett. 288:129-132.
    • (1991) FEBS Lett. , vol.288 , pp. 129-132
    • Haase, R.1    Wieder, T.2    Geilen, C.C.3    Reutter, W.4
  • 24
    • 0036081335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitric oxide-mediated proteasome-dependent oligonucleosomal DNA fragmentation in Leishmania amazonensis amastigotes
    • Holzmuller, P., D. Sereno, M. Cavaleyrz, I. Mangot, S. Daulouede, P. Vincendeau, and J. L. Lemesre. 2002. Nitric oxide-mediated proteasome-dependent oligonucleosomal DNA fragmentation in Leishmania amazonensis amastigotes. Infect. Immun. 70:3727-3735.
    • (2002) Infect. Immun. , vol.70 , pp. 3727-3735
    • Holzmuller, P.1    Sereno, D.2    Cavaleyrz, M.3    Mangot, I.4    Daulouede, S.5    Vincendeau, P.6    Lemesre, J.L.7
  • 26
    • 0033832629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noncaspase proteases in apoptosis
    • Johnson, D. E. 2000. Noncaspase proteases in apoptosis. Leukemia 14:1695-1703.
    • (2000) Leukemia , vol.14 , pp. 1695-1703
    • Johnson, D.E.1
  • 27
    • 0004190734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • December. [Online]
    • The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS. December 2002. AIDS epidemic update. [Online.] http://www.unaids.org.
    • (2002) AIDS Epidemic Update
  • 28
    • 0030893937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of anticancer alkylphosphocholines in Trypanosoma brucei subspecies
    • Konstantinov, S. M., R. Kaminsky, R. Brun, M. R. Berger, and U. Zillmann. 1997. Efficacy of anticancer alkylphosphocholines in Trypanosoma brucei subspecies. Acta Trop. 64:145-154.
    • (1997) Acta Trop. , vol.64 , pp. 145-154
    • Konstantinov, S.M.1    Kaminsky, R.2    Brun, R.3    Berger, M.R.4    Zillmann, U.5
  • 29
    • 0026625517 scopus 로고
    • Hexadecylphosphocholine: Oral treatment of visceral leishmaniasis in mice
    • Kuhlencord, A., T. Maniera, H. Eibl, and C. Unger. 1992. Hexadecylphosphocholine: oral treatment of visceral leishmaniasis in mice. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 36:1630-1634.
    • (1992) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.36 , pp. 1630-1634
    • Kuhlencord, A.1    Maniera, T.2    Eibl, H.3    Unger, C.4
  • 31
    • 0031895279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short- and long term-term efficacy of hexadecylphosphocholine against established Leishmania infantum infection in BALB/c mice
    • Le Fichoux, Y., D. Rousseau, B. Ferrua, S. Ruette, A. Lelievre, D. Grousson, and J. Kubar. 1998. Short- and long term-term efficacy of hexadecylphosphocholine against established Leishmania infantum infection in BALB/c mice. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 42:654-658.
    • (1998) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. , vol.42 , pp. 654-658
    • Le Fichoux, Y.1    Rousseau, D.2    Ferrua, B.3    Ruette, S.4    Lelievre, A.5    Grousson, D.6    Kubar, J.7
  • 32
    • 0035025017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of action of anti-proliferative lysophospholipid analogues against the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi: Potentiation of in vitro activity by the sterol biosynthesis inhibitor ketoconazole
    • Lira, R., L. M. Contreras, R. M. Santa-Rita, and J. A. Urbina. 2001. Mechanism of action of anti-proliferative lysophospholipid analogues against the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi: potentiation of in vitro activity by the sterol biosynthesis inhibitor ketoconazole. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 47: 537-546.
    • (2001) J. Antimicrob. Chemother. , vol.47 , pp. 537-546
    • Lira, R.1    Contreras, L.M.2    Santa-Rita, R.M.3    Urbina, J.A.4
  • 33
    • 0030995115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ether lipid metabolism, GPI anchor biosynthesis, and signal transduction are putative targets for anti-leishmanial alkyl phospholipid analogues
    • Lux, H., D. T. Hart, P. J. Parker, and T. Klenner. 1996. Ether lipid metabolism, GPI anchor biosynthesis, and signal transduction are putative targets for anti-leishmanial alkyl phospholipid analogues. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 416:201-211.
    • (1996) Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. , vol.416 , pp. 201-211
    • Lux, H.1    Hart, D.T.2    Parker, P.J.3    Klenner, T.4
  • 34
    • 0033758270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ether-lipid (alkyl-phospholipid) metabolism and the mechanism of action of ether-lipid analogues in Leishmania
    • Lux, H., N. Heise, T. Klenner, D. Hart, and F. R. Opperdoes. 2000. Ether-lipid (alkyl-phospholipid) metabolism and the mechanism of action of ether-lipid analogues in Leishmania. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 111:1-14.
    • (2000) Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. , vol.111 , pp. 1-14
    • Lux, H.1    Heise, N.2    Klenner, T.3    Hart, D.4    Opperdoes, F.R.5
  • 35
    • 0029919619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heat shock induction of apoptosis in promastigotes of the unicellular organism Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis
    • Moreira, M. E., H. A. Del Portillo, R. V. Milder, J. M. Balanco, and M. A. Barcinski. 1996. Heat shock induction of apoptosis in promastigotes of the unicellular organism Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis. J. Cell. Physiol. 167:305-313.
    • (1996) J. Cell. Physiol. , vol.167 , pp. 305-313
    • Moreira, M.E.1    Del Portillo, H.A.2    Milder, R.V.3    Balanco, J.M.4    Barcinski, M.A.5
  • 37
    • 0037024695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2+ levels through the activation of non-selective cation channels induced by oxidative stress causes mitochondrial depolarization leading to apoptosis-like death in Leishmania donovani promastigotes
    • 2+ levels through the activation of non-selective cation channels induced by oxidative stress causes mitochondrial depolarization leading to apoptosis-like death in Leishmania donovani promastigotes. J. Biol. Chem. 277:24717-24727.
    • (2002) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.277 , pp. 24717-24727
    • Mukherjee, S.B.1    Das, M.2    Sudhandiran, G.3    Shaha, C.4
  • 38
    • 0025726216 scopus 로고
    • A rapid and simple method for measuring thymocyte apoptosis by propidium iodide staining and flow cytometry
    • Nicoletti, I., G. Migliorati, M. C. Pagliacci, F. Grignani, and C. Riccardi. 1991. A rapid and simple method for measuring thymocyte apoptosis by propidium iodide staining and flow cytometry. J. Immunol. Methods 139: 271-279.
    • (1991) J. Immunol. Methods , vol.139 , pp. 271-279
    • Nicoletti, I.1    Migliorati, G.2    Pagliacci, M.C.3    Grignani, F.4    Riccardi, C.5
  • 41
    • 0026504147 scopus 로고
    • Social controls on cell survival and cell death
    • Raff, M. C. 1992. Social controls on cell survival and cell death. Nature 356:397-400.
    • (1992) Nature , vol.356 , pp. 397-400
    • Raff, M.C.1
  • 42
    • 0033563151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2+-dependent cell death pathway in the unicellular organism Trypanosoma brucei brucei
    • 2+-dependent cell death pathway in the unicellular organism Trypanosoma brucei brucei. Biochem. J. 340:33-40.
    • (1999) Biochem. J. , vol.340 , pp. 33-40
    • Ridgley, E.L.1    Xiong, Z.H.2    Ruben, L.3
  • 44
    • 0033563010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alkyl-lysophospholipids activate the SAPK/JNK pathway and enhance radiation-induced apoptosis
    • Ruiter, G. A., S. F. Zerp, H. Bartelink, W. J. Van Blitterswijk, and M. Verheij. 1999. Alkyl-lysophospholipids activate the SAPK/JNK pathway and enhance radiation-induced apoptosis. Cancer Res. 59:2457-2463.
    • (1999) Cancer Res. , vol.59 , pp. 2457-2463
    • Ruiter, G.A.1    Zerp, S.F.2    Bartelink, H.3    Van Blitterswijk, W.J.4    Verheij, M.5
  • 45
    • 0035885286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of miltefosine on various biochemical parameters in a panel of tumor cell lines with different sensitivities
    • Rybczynska, M., M. Spitaler, N. G. Knebel, G. Boeck, H. Grunicke, and J. Hofmann. 2001. Effects of miltefosine on various biochemical parameters in a panel of tumor cell lines with different sensitivities. Biochem. Pharmacol. 62:765-772.
    • (2001) Biochem. Pharmacol. , vol.62 , pp. 765-772
    • Rybczynska, M.1    Spitaler, M.2    Knebel, N.G.3    Boeck, G.4    Grunicke, H.5    Hofmann, J.6
  • 46
    • 0034712428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of the alkyl-lysophospholipids on the proliferation and differentiation of Trypanosoma cruzi
    • Santa-Rita, R. M., H. Santos Barbosa, M. N. Meirelles, and S. L. De Castro. 2000. Effect of the alkyl-lysophospholipids on the proliferation and differentiation of Trypanosoma cruzi. Acta Trop. 75:219-228.
    • (2000) Acta Trop. , vol.75 , pp. 219-228
    • Santa-Rita, R.M.1    Santos Barbosa, H.2    Meirelles, M.N.3    De Castro, S.L.4
  • 52
    • 0034780949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug resistance in Indian visceral leishmaniasis
    • Sundar, S. 2001. Drug resistance in Indian visceral leishmaniasis. Trop. Med. Int. Health 6:849-854.
    • (2001) Trop. Med. Int. Health , vol.6 , pp. 849-854
    • Sundar, S.1
  • 56
    • 0037165647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A metacaspase of Trypanosoma brucei causes loss of respiration competence and clonal death in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    • Szallies, A., B. K. Kubata, and M. Duszenko. 2002. A metacaspase of Trypanosoma brucei causes loss of respiration competence and clonal death in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. FEBS Lett. 517:144-150.
    • (2002) FEBS Lett. , vol.517 , pp. 144-150
    • Szallies, A.1    Kubata, B.K.2    Duszenko, M.3
  • 57
    • 0032575750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Caspases: Enemies within
    • Thornberry, N. A., and Y. Lazebnik. 1998. Caspases: enemies within. Science 281:1312-1316.
    • (1998) Science , vol.281 , pp. 1312-1316
    • Thornberry, N.A.1    Lazebnik, Y.2
  • 58
    • 0032418802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vivo antileishmanial activity of hexadecylphosphocholine and other alkylphosphocholines
    • Unger, C., T. Maniera, P. Kaufmann-Kolle, and H. Eibl. 1998. In vivo antileishmanial activity of hexadecylphosphocholine and other alkylphosphocholines. Drugs Today 34:133-140.
    • (1998) Drugs Today , vol.34 , pp. 133-140
    • Unger, C.1    Maniera, T.2    Kaufmann-Kolle, P.3    Eibl, H.4
  • 59
    • 0025667697 scopus 로고
    • Hexadecylphosphocholine in the topical treatment of skin metastases in breast cancer patients
    • Unger, C., M. Peukert, H. Sindermann, P. Hilgard, G. Nagel, and H. Eibl. 1990. Hexadecylphosphocholine in the topical treatment of skin metastases in breast cancer patients. Cancer Treat. Rev. 17:243-246.
    • (1990) Cancer Treat. Rev. , vol.17 , pp. 243-246
    • Unger, C.1    Peukert, M.2    Sindermann, H.3    Hilgard, P.4    Nagel, G.5    Eibl, H.6
  • 60
    • 0033638182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of paracaspases and metacaspases: Two ancient families of caspase-like proteins, one of which plays a key role in MALT lymphoma
    • Uren, A. G., K. O'Rourke, L. A. Aravind, M. T. Pisabarro, S. Seshagiri, E. V. Koonin, and V. M. Dixit. 2000. Identification of paracaspases and metacaspases: two ancient families of caspase-like proteins, one of which plays a key role in MALT lymphoma, Mol. Cell 6:961-967.
    • (2000) Mol. Cell , vol.6 , pp. 961-967
    • Uren, A.G.1    O'Rourke, K.2    Aravind, L.A.3    Pisabarro, M.T.4    Seshagiri, S.5    Koonin, E.V.6    Dixit, V.M.7
  • 61
    • 0023501959 scopus 로고
    • Accumulation of an alkyl lysophospholipid in tumor cell membranes affects membrane fluidity and tumor cell invasion
    • Van Blitterswijk, W. J., H. Hilkmann, and G. A. Storme. 1987. Accumulation of an alkyl lysophospholipid in tumor cell membranes affects membrane fluidity and tumor cell invasion. Lipids 22:820-823.
    • (1987) Lipids , vol.22 , pp. 820-823
    • Van Blitterswijk, W.J.1    Hilkmann, H.2    Storme, G.A.3
  • 63
    • 0029043888 scopus 로고
    • A novel assay for apoptosis. Flow cytometry detection of phosphatidylserine expression on early apoptotic cells using fluorescein labeled annexin V
    • Vermes, I., C. Haanen, H. Steffens-Nakken, and C. Reutelingsperger. 1995. A novel assay for apoptosis. Flow cytometry detection of phosphatidylserine expression on early apoptotic cells using fluorescein labeled annexin V. J. Immunol. Methods 184:39-51.
    • (1995) J. Immunol. Methods , vol.184 , pp. 39-51
    • Vermes, I.1    Haanen, C.2    Steffens-Nakken, H.3    Reutelingsperger, C.4
  • 65
    • 0032439709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The interference effects of hexadecylphosphocholine on proliferation and membrane phospholipid metabolism in human myeloid leukaemia cell lines
    • Wang, Y. Z., Y. B. Chang, C. Xing, and D. Fu. 1998. The interference effects of hexadecylphosphocholine on proliferation and membrane phospholipid metabolism in human myeloid leukaemia cell lines. Int. J. Tissue React. 20:101-107.
    • (1998) Int. J. Tissue React. , vol.20 , pp. 101-107
    • Wang, Y.Z.1    Chang, Y.B.2    Xing, C.3    Fu, D.4
  • 66
    • 0033092973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Programmed cell death in procyclic form Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense: Identification of differentially expressed genes during Con A induced death
    • Welburn, S. C., S. Lillico, and N. B. Murphy. 1999. Programmed cell death in procyclic form Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense: identification of differentially expressed genes during Con A induced death. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz 94:229-234.
    • (1999) Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz , vol.94 , pp. 229-234
    • Welburn, S.C.1    Lillico, S.2    Murphy, N.B.3
  • 67
    • 0032079477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of ceramide-mediated apoptosis by the anticancer phospholipid analog, hexadecylphosphocholine
    • Wieder, T., C. E. Orfanos, and C. C. Geilen. 1998. Induction of ceramide-mediated apoptosis by the anticancer phospholipid analog, hexadecylphosphocholine. J. Biol. Chem. 273:11025-11031.
    • (1998) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.273 , pp. 11025-11031
    • Wieder, T.1    Orfanos, C.E.2    Geilen, C.C.3
  • 68
    • 0018830636 scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticoid-induced thymocyte apoptosis is associated with endogenous endonuclease activation
    • Wyllie, A. H. 1980. Glucocorticoid-induced thymocyte apoptosis is associated with endogenous endonuclease activation. Nature 284:555-556.
    • (1980) Nature , vol.284 , pp. 555-556
    • Wyllie, A.H.1
  • 69
    • 0036792472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell death in Leishmania induced by stress and differentiation: Programmed cell death or necrosis?
    • Zangger, H., J. C. Mottram, and N. Fasel. 2002. Cell death in Leishmania induced by stress and differentiation: programmed cell death or necrosis? Cell Death Differ. 9:1126-1139.
    • (2002) Cell Death Differ. , vol.9 , pp. 1126-1139
    • Zangger, H.1    Mottram, J.C.2    Fasel, N.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.