Liquid-Phase Combinatorial Synthesis of 1,4-Benzodiazepine-2,5-diones as the Candidates of Endothelin Receptor Antagonism

Journal of Combinatorial Chemistry

Volumn 6, Issue 1, 2004, Pages 99-104

  Cheng, Ming Fu ^a   Fang, Jim Min ^a  

^a NATIONAL TAIWAN UNIVERSITY   (Taiwan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

1 BENZYL 3 (METHOXYCARBONYL)METHYL 4 [3 (METHOXYCARBONYL)METHOXYBENZYL] 1,4 BENZODIAZEPINE 2,5 DIONE; 3 (2 CARBOXYMETHOXY 4 METHOXYPHENYL) 1 (3,4 METHYLENEDIOXYPHENYL) 5 PROPOXY 2 INDANCARBOXYLIC ACID; ALDEHYDE DERIVATIVE; ALPHA AMINO ACID; AMINO ACID; ASPARTIC ACID; BENZODIAZEPINE DERIVATIVE; BENZYL BROMIDE; CHLORIDE; DICARBOXYLIC ACID DERIVATIVE; ENDOTHELIN 1; ENDOTHELIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; ESTER; HYDROXYL GROUP; MACROGOL; NITRO DERIVATIVE; PHENYLALANINE; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON DERIVATIVE; POLYETHYLENE; RESIN; TYROSINE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ALKYLATION; AMIDATION; AMINO ACID SUBSTITUTION; ARTICLE; COMBINATORIAL CHEMISTRY; CYCLIZATION; DRUG PURITY; DRUG SYNTHESIS; HYDROLYSIS; LIQUID; MATERIALS;

BENZODIAZEPINONES; CHROMATOGRAPHY, HIGH PRESSURE LIQUID; CHROMATOGRAPHY, THIN LAYER; COMBINATORIAL CHEMISTRY TECHNIQUES; HYDROLYSIS; INDICATORS AND REAGENTS; MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; POLYETHYLENE GLYCOLS; POLYETHYLENES; RECEPTORS, ENDOTHELIN; SOLVENTS; SPECTROPHOTOMETRY, ULTRAVIOLET;

EID: 0942300602     PISSN: 15204766     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/cc030034d     Document Type: Article

References (91)

1. For recent reviews of endothelin-1, endothelin receptors, and biological activities, see (a) Ohlstein, E. H.; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr. In Endothelin Receptors; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr., Ed.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; 1-14. (b) Ohlstein, E. H.; Elliott, J. D.; Feuerstein, G. Z.; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr. Med. Res. Rev. 1996, 16, 365-390. (c) Mateo, A. O.; De Artinano, A. A. Pharmacol. Res. 1997, 36, 339-351. (d) Webb, M. L.; Krystek, S. R., Jr. In Endothelin Receptor Signaling Mechanisms; Pollock, D. M., Highsmith, R. F., Eds.; Springer: Berlin, 1998; pp 67-88. (e) Masaki, T.; Ninomiya, H.; Sakamoto, A.; Okamoto, Y. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 1999, 190, 153-156. (f) Hlavacek, J.; Marcova, R. Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun. 1999, 64, 1211-1252. (g) Goldie, R. G. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 1999, 26, 145-148. (h) Schiffrin, E. L. Am. J. Hypertension 2001, 14, 83S-89S. (i) Ergul, A. Pharmacotherapy 2002, 22, 54-65. (j) Greenberg, B. H. Congestive Heart Failure 2002, 8, 257-261.
2. For recent reviews of endothelin-1, endothelin receptors, and biological activities, see (a) Ohlstein, E. H.; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr. In Endothelin Receptors; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr., Ed.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; 1-14. (b) Ohlstein, E. H.; Elliott, J. D.; Feuerstein, G. Z.; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr. Med. Res. Rev. 1996, 16, 365-390. (c) Mateo, A. O.; De Artinano, A. A. Pharmacol. Res. 1997, 36, 339-351. (d) Webb, M. L.; Krystek, S. R., Jr. In Endothelin Receptor Signaling Mechanisms; Pollock, D. M., Highsmith, R. F., Eds.; Springer: Berlin, 1998; pp 67-88. (e) Masaki, T.; Ninomiya, H.; Sakamoto, A.; Okamoto, Y. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 1999, 190, 153-156. (f) Hlavacek, J.; Marcova, R. Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun. 1999, 64, 1211-1252. (g) Goldie, R. G. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 1999, 26, 145-148. (h) Schiffrin, E. L. Am. J. Hypertension 2001, 14, 83S-89S. (i) Ergul, A. Pharmacotherapy 2002, 22, 54-65. (j) Greenberg, B. H. Congestive Heart Failure 2002, 8, 257-261.
3. For recent reviews of endothelin-1, endothelin receptors, and biological activities, see (a) Ohlstein, E. H.; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr. In Endothelin Receptors; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr., Ed.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; 1-14. (b) Ohlstein, E. H.; Elliott, J. D.; Feuerstein, G. Z.; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr. Med. Res. Rev. 1996, 16, 365-390. (c) Mateo, A. O.; De Artinano, A. A. Pharmacol. Res. 1997, 36, 339-351. (d) Webb, M. L.; Krystek, S. R., Jr. In Endothelin Receptor Signaling Mechanisms; Pollock, D. M., Highsmith, R. F., Eds.; Springer: Berlin, 1998; pp 67-88. (e) Masaki, T.; Ninomiya, H.; Sakamoto, A.; Okamoto, Y. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 1999, 190, 153-156. (f) Hlavacek, J.; Marcova, R. Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun. 1999, 64, 1211-1252. (g) Goldie, R. G. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 1999, 26, 145-148. (h) Schiffrin, E. L. Am. J. Hypertension 2001, 14, 83S-89S. (i) Ergul, A. Pharmacotherapy 2002, 22, 54-65. (j) Greenberg, B. H. Congestive Heart Failure 2002, 8, 257-261.
4. For recent reviews of endothelin-1, endothelin receptors, and biological activities, see (a) Ohlstein, E. H.; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr. In Endothelin Receptors; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr., Ed.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; 1-14. (b) Ohlstein, E. H.; Elliott, J. D.; Feuerstein, G. Z.; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr. Med. Res. Rev. 1996, 16, 365-390. (c) Mateo, A. O.; De Artinano, A. A. Pharmacol. Res. 1997, 36, 339-351. (d) Webb, M. L.; Krystek, S. R., Jr. In Endothelin Receptor Signaling Mechanisms; Pollock, D. M., Highsmith, R. F., Eds.; Springer: Berlin, 1998; pp 67-88. (e) Masaki, T.; Ninomiya, H.; Sakamoto, A.; Okamoto, Y. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 1999, 190, 153-156. (f) Hlavacek, J.; Marcova, R. Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun. 1999, 64, 1211-1252. (g) Goldie, R. G. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 1999, 26, 145-148. (h) Schiffrin, E. L. Am. J. Hypertension 2001, 14, 83S-89S. (i) Ergul, A. Pharmacotherapy 2002, 22, 54-65. (j) Greenberg, B. H. Congestive Heart Failure 2002, 8, 257-261.
5. For recent reviews of endothelin-1, endothelin receptors, and biological activities, see (a) Ohlstein, E. H.; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr. In Endothelin Receptors; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr., Ed.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; 1-14. (b) Ohlstein, E. H.; Elliott, J. D.; Feuerstein, G. Z.; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr. Med. Res. Rev. 1996, 16, 365-390. (c) Mateo, A. O.; De Artinano, A. A. Pharmacol. Res. 1997, 36, 339-351. (d) Webb, M. L.; Krystek, S. R., Jr. In Endothelin Receptor Signaling Mechanisms; Pollock, D. M., Highsmith, R. F., Eds.; Springer: Berlin, 1998; pp 67-88. (e) Masaki, T.; Ninomiya, H.; Sakamoto, A.; Okamoto, Y. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 1999, 190, 153-156. (f) Hlavacek, J.; Marcova, R. Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun. 1999, 64, 1211-1252. (g) Goldie, R. G. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 1999, 26, 145-148. (h) Schiffrin, E. L. Am. J. Hypertension 2001, 14, 83S-89S. (i) Ergul, A. Pharmacotherapy 2002, 22, 54-65. (j) Greenberg, B. H. Congestive Heart Failure 2002, 8, 257-261.
6. For recent reviews of endothelin-1, endothelin receptors, and biological activities, see (a) Ohlstein, E. H.; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr. In Endothelin Receptors; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr., Ed.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; 1-14. (b) Ohlstein, E. H.; Elliott, J. D.; Feuerstein, G. Z.; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr. Med. Res. Rev. 1996, 16, 365-390. (c) Mateo, A. O.; De Artinano, A. A. Pharmacol. Res. 1997, 36, 339-351. (d) Webb, M. L.; Krystek, S. R., Jr. In Endothelin Receptor Signaling Mechanisms; Pollock, D. M., Highsmith, R. F., Eds.; Springer: Berlin, 1998; pp 67-88. (e) Masaki, T.; Ninomiya, H.; Sakamoto, A.; Okamoto, Y. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 1999, 190, 153-156. (f) Hlavacek, J.; Marcova, R. Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun. 1999, 64, 1211-1252. (g) Goldie, R. G. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 1999, 26, 145-148. (h) Schiffrin, E. L. Am. J. Hypertension 2001, 14, 83S-89S. (i) Ergul, A. Pharmacotherapy 2002, 22, 54-65. (j) Greenberg, B. H. Congestive Heart Failure 2002, 8, 257-261.
7. For recent reviews of endothelin-1, endothelin receptors, and biological activities, see (a) Ohlstein, E. H.; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr. In Endothelin Receptors; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr., Ed.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; 1-14. (b) Ohlstein, E. H.; Elliott, J. D.; Feuerstein, G. Z.; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr. Med. Res. Rev. 1996, 16, 365-390. (c) Mateo, A. O.; De Artinano, A. A. Pharmacol. Res. 1997, 36, 339-351. (d) Webb, M. L.; Krystek, S. R., Jr. In Endothelin Receptor Signaling Mechanisms; Pollock, D. M., Highsmith, R. F., Eds.; Springer: Berlin, 1998; pp 67-88. (e) Masaki, T.; Ninomiya, H.; Sakamoto, A.; Okamoto, Y. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 1999, 190, 153-156. (f) Hlavacek, J.; Marcova, R. Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun. 1999, 64, 1211-1252. (g) Goldie, R. G. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 1999, 26, 145-148. (h) Schiffrin, E. L. Am. J. Hypertension 2001, 14, 83S-89S. (i) Ergul, A. Pharmacotherapy 2002, 22, 54-65. (j) Greenberg, B. H. Congestive Heart Failure 2002, 8, 257-261.
8. For recent reviews of endothelin-1, endothelin receptors, and biological activities, see (a) Ohlstein, E. H.; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr. In Endothelin Receptors; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr., Ed.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; 1-14. (b) Ohlstein, E. H.; Elliott, J. D.; Feuerstein, G. Z.; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr. Med. Res. Rev. 1996, 16, 365-390. (c) Mateo, A. O.; De Artinano, A. A. Pharmacol. Res. 1997, 36, 339-351. (d) Webb, M. L.; Krystek, S. R., Jr. In Endothelin Receptor Signaling Mechanisms; Pollock, D. M., Highsmith, R. F., Eds.; Springer: Berlin, 1998; pp 67-88. (e) Masaki, T.; Ninomiya, H.; Sakamoto, A.; Okamoto, Y. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 1999, 190, 153-156. (f) Hlavacek, J.; Marcova, R. Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun. 1999, 64, 1211-1252. (g) Goldie, R. G. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 1999, 26, 145-148. (h) Schiffrin, E. L. Am. J. Hypertension 2001, 14, 83S-89S. (i) Ergul, A. Pharmacotherapy 2002, 22, 54-65. (j) Greenberg, B. H. Congestive Heart Failure 2002, 8, 257-261.
9. For recent reviews of endothelin-1, endothelin receptors, and biological activities, see (a) Ohlstein, E. H.; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr. In Endothelin Receptors; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr., Ed.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; 1-14. (b) Ohlstein, E. H.; Elliott, J. D.; Feuerstein, G. Z.; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr. Med. Res. Rev. 1996, 16, 365-390. (c) Mateo, A. O.; De Artinano, A. A. Pharmacol. Res. 1997, 36, 339-351. (d) Webb, M. L.; Krystek, S. R., Jr. In Endothelin Receptor Signaling Mechanisms; Pollock, D. M., Highsmith, R. F., Eds.; Springer: Berlin, 1998; pp 67-88. (e) Masaki, T.; Ninomiya, H.; Sakamoto, A.; Okamoto, Y. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 1999, 190, 153-156. (f) Hlavacek, J.; Marcova, R. Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun. 1999, 64, 1211-1252. (g) Goldie, R. G. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 1999, 26, 145-148. (h) Schiffrin, E. L. Am. J. Hypertension 2001, 14, 83S-89S. (i) Ergul, A. Pharmacotherapy 2002, 22, 54-65. (j) Greenberg, B. H. Congestive Heart Failure 2002, 8, 257-261.
10. For recent reviews of endothelin-1, endothelin receptors, and biological activities, see (a) Ohlstein, E. H.; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr. In Endothelin Receptors; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr., Ed.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; 1-14. (b) Ohlstein, E. H.; Elliott, J. D.; Feuerstein, G. Z.; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr. Med. Res. Rev. 1996, 16, 365-390. (c) Mateo, A. O.; De Artinano, A. A. Pharmacol. Res. 1997, 36, 339-351. (d) Webb, M. L.; Krystek, S. R., Jr. In Endothelin Receptor Signaling Mechanisms; Pollock, D. M., Highsmith, R. F., Eds.; Springer: Berlin, 1998; pp 67-88. (e) Masaki, T.; Ninomiya, H.; Sakamoto, A.; Okamoto, Y. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 1999, 190, 153-156. (f) Hlavacek, J.; Marcova, R. Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun. 1999, 64, 1211-1252. (g) Goldie, R. G. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 1999, 26, 145-148. (h) Schiffrin, E. L. Am. J. Hypertension 2001, 14, 83S-89S. (i) Ergul, A. Pharmacotherapy 2002, 22, 54-65. (j) Greenberg, B. H. Congestive Heart Failure 2002, 8, 257-261.
11. For recent reviews for the synthetic antagonists of endothelin receptors, see (a) Doherty, A. M. In Chemical Structures Approaches to Rational Drug Design; Weiner, D. B., Williams, W. V., Eds.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; pp 85-123. (b) Elliott, J. D.; Lago, M. A.; Peishoff, C. E. In Endothelin Receptors; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr., Ed.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; pp 79-107. (c) Walsh, T. F. Annu. Rep. Med. Chem. 1995, 30, 91-100. (d) Filep, J. G. Drugs Today 1995, 31, 155-171. (e) Doherty, A. M. Drug Discovery Today 1996, 1, 60-70. (f) Cheng, X.-M.; Ahn, K.; Haleen, S. J. Annu. Rep. Med. Chem. 1997, 32, 61-70. (g) Webb, M. L.; Meek, T. D. Med. Res. Rev. 1997, 17, 17. (h) Tasker, A. S.; Pollock, D. M. In Endothelin Receptor Signaling Mechanisms; Pollock, D. M., Highsmith, R. F., Eds.; Springer: Berlin, 1998; pp 3-15. (i) Elliott, J. D.; Ohlstein, E. H.; Peishoff, C. E.; Ellens, H. M.; Lago, M. A. Pharm. Biotechnol. 1998, 11, 113-129. (j) Benigni, A.; Remuzzi, G. Lancet 1999, 353, 133-138. (k) Dao, H. H.; Moreau, P. Exp. Opin. Invest. Drugs 1999, 8, 1807-1821. (l) Goddard, J.; Webb, D. J. Drugs R&D 1999, 2, 1-12. (m) Roux, S.; Breu, V.; Ertel, S. I.; Clozel, M. J. Mol. Med. 1999, 77, 364-376. (n) Subbiah, V.; Katwa, L. Drugs 2000, 3, 190-197. (o) Boss, C.; Bolli, M.; Weller, T. Curr. Med. Chem. 2002, 9, 349-383. (p) Dasgupta, F.; Mukherjee, A. K.; Gangadhar, N. Curr. Med. Chem. 2002, 9, 549-575.
12. For recent reviews for the synthetic antagonists of endothelin receptors, see (a) Doherty, A. M. In Chemical Structures Approaches to Rational Drug Design; Weiner, D. B., Williams, W. V., Eds.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; pp 85-123. (b) Elliott, J. D.; Lago, M. A.; Peishoff, C. E. In Endothelin Receptors; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr., Ed.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; pp 79-107. (c) Walsh, T. F. Annu. Rep. Med. Chem. 1995, 30, 91-100. (d) Filep, J. G. Drugs Today 1995, 31, 155-171. (e) Doherty, A. M. Drug Discovery Today 1996, 1, 60-70. (f) Cheng, X.-M.; Ahn, K.; Haleen, S. J. Annu. Rep. Med. Chem. 1997, 32, 61-70. (g) Webb, M. L.; Meek, T. D. Med. Res. Rev. 1997, 17, 17. (h) Tasker, A. S.; Pollock, D. M. In Endothelin Receptor Signaling Mechanisms; Pollock, D. M., Highsmith, R. F., Eds.; Springer: Berlin, 1998; pp 3-15. (i) Elliott, J. D.; Ohlstein, E. H.; Peishoff, C. E.; Ellens, H. M.; Lago, M. A. Pharm. Biotechnol. 1998, 11, 113-129. (j) Benigni, A.; Remuzzi, G. Lancet 1999, 353, 133-138. (k) Dao, H. H.; Moreau, P. Exp. Opin. Invest. Drugs 1999, 8, 1807-1821. (l) Goddard, J.; Webb, D. J. Drugs R&D 1999, 2, 1-12. (m) Roux, S.; Breu, V.; Ertel, S. I.; Clozel, M. J. Mol. Med. 1999, 77, 364-376. (n) Subbiah, V.; Katwa, L. Drugs 2000, 3, 190-197. (o) Boss, C.; Bolli, M.; Weller, T. Curr. Med. Chem. 2002, 9, 349-383. (p) Dasgupta, F.; Mukherjee, A. K.; Gangadhar, N. Curr. Med. Chem. 2002, 9, 549-575.
13. For recent reviews for the synthetic antagonists of endothelin receptors, see (a) Doherty, A. M. In Chemical Structures Approaches to Rational Drug Design; Weiner, D. B., Williams, W. V., Eds.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; pp 85-123. (b) Elliott, J. D.; Lago, M. A.; Peishoff, C. E. In Endothelin Receptors; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr., Ed.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; pp 79-107. (c) Walsh, T. F. Annu. Rep. Med. Chem. 1995, 30, 91-100. (d) Filep, J. G. Drugs Today 1995, 31, 155-171. (e) Doherty, A. M. Drug Discovery Today 1996, 1, 60-70. (f) Cheng, X.-M.; Ahn, K.; Haleen, S. J. Annu. Rep. Med. Chem. 1997, 32, 61-70. (g) Webb, M. L.; Meek, T. D. Med. Res. Rev. 1997, 17, 17. (h) Tasker, A. S.; Pollock, D. M. In Endothelin Receptor Signaling Mechanisms; Pollock, D. M., Highsmith, R. F., Eds.; Springer: Berlin, 1998; pp 3-15. (i) Elliott, J. D.; Ohlstein, E. H.; Peishoff, C. E.; Ellens, H. M.; Lago, M. A. Pharm. Biotechnol. 1998, 11, 113-129. (j) Benigni, A.; Remuzzi, G. Lancet 1999, 353, 133-138. (k) Dao, H. H.; Moreau, P. Exp. Opin. Invest. Drugs 1999, 8, 1807-1821. (l) Goddard, J.; Webb, D. J. Drugs R&D 1999, 2, 1-12. (m) Roux, S.; Breu, V.; Ertel, S. I.; Clozel, M. J. Mol. Med. 1999, 77, 364-376. (n) Subbiah, V.; Katwa, L. Drugs 2000, 3, 190-197. (o) Boss, C.; Bolli, M.; Weller, T. Curr. Med. Chem. 2002, 9, 349-383. (p) Dasgupta, F.; Mukherjee, A. K.; Gangadhar, N. Curr. Med. Chem. 2002, 9, 549-575.
14. For recent reviews for the synthetic antagonists of endothelin receptors, see (a) Doherty, A. M. In Chemical Structures Approaches to Rational Drug Design; Weiner, D. B., Williams, W. V., Eds.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; pp 85-123. (b) Elliott, J. D.; Lago, M. A.; Peishoff, C. E. In Endothelin Receptors; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr., Ed.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; pp 79-107. (c) Walsh, T. F. Annu. Rep. Med. Chem. 1995, 30, 91-100. (d) Filep, J. G. Drugs Today 1995, 31, 155-171. (e) Doherty, A. M. Drug Discovery Today 1996, 1, 60-70. (f) Cheng, X.-M.; Ahn, K.; Haleen, S. J. Annu. Rep. Med. Chem. 1997, 32, 61-70. (g) Webb, M. L.; Meek, T. D. Med. Res. Rev. 1997, 17, 17. (h) Tasker, A. S.; Pollock, D. M. In Endothelin Receptor Signaling Mechanisms; Pollock, D. M., Highsmith, R. F., Eds.; Springer: Berlin, 1998; pp 3-15. (i) Elliott, J. D.; Ohlstein, E. H.; Peishoff, C. E.; Ellens, H. M.; Lago, M. A. Pharm. Biotechnol. 1998, 11, 113-129. (j) Benigni, A.; Remuzzi, G. Lancet 1999, 353, 133-138. (k) Dao, H. H.; Moreau, P. Exp. Opin. Invest. Drugs 1999, 8, 1807-1821. (l) Goddard, J.; Webb, D. J. Drugs R&D 1999, 2, 1-12. (m) Roux, S.; Breu, V.; Ertel, S. I.; Clozel, M. J. Mol. Med. 1999, 77, 364-376. (n) Subbiah, V.; Katwa, L. Drugs 2000, 3, 190-197. (o) Boss, C.; Bolli, M.; Weller, T. Curr. Med. Chem. 2002, 9, 349-383. (p) Dasgupta, F.; Mukherjee, A. K.; Gangadhar, N. Curr. Med. Chem. 2002, 9, 549-575.
15. For recent reviews for the synthetic antagonists of endothelin receptors, see (a) Doherty, A. M. In Chemical Structures Approaches to Rational Drug Design; Weiner, D. B., Williams, W. V., Eds.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; pp 85-123. (b) Elliott, J. D.; Lago, M. A.; Peishoff, C. E. In Endothelin Receptors; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr., Ed.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; pp 79-107. (c) Walsh, T. F. Annu. Rep. Med. Chem. 1995, 30, 91-100. (d) Filep, J. G. Drugs Today 1995, 31, 155-171. (e) Doherty, A. M. Drug Discovery Today 1996, 1, 60-70. (f) Cheng, X.-M.; Ahn, K.; Haleen, S. J. Annu. Rep. Med. Chem. 1997, 32, 61-70. (g) Webb, M. L.; Meek, T. D. Med. Res. Rev. 1997, 17, 17. (h) Tasker, A. S.; Pollock, D. M. In Endothelin Receptor Signaling Mechanisms; Pollock, D. M., Highsmith, R. F., Eds.; Springer: Berlin, 1998; pp 3-15. (i) Elliott, J. D.; Ohlstein, E. H.; Peishoff, C. E.; Ellens, H. M.; Lago, M. A. Pharm. Biotechnol. 1998, 11, 113-129. (j) Benigni, A.; Remuzzi, G. Lancet 1999, 353, 133-138. (k) Dao, H. H.; Moreau, P. Exp. Opin. Invest. Drugs 1999, 8, 1807-1821. (l) Goddard, J.; Webb, D. J. Drugs R&D 1999, 2, 1-12. (m) Roux, S.; Breu, V.; Ertel, S. I.; Clozel, M. J. Mol. Med. 1999, 77, 364-376. (n) Subbiah, V.; Katwa, L. Drugs 2000, 3, 190-197. (o) Boss, C.; Bolli, M.; Weller, T. Curr. Med. Chem. 2002, 9, 349-383. (p) Dasgupta, F.; Mukherjee, A. K.; Gangadhar, N. Curr. Med. Chem. 2002, 9, 549-575.
16. For recent reviews for the synthetic antagonists of endothelin receptors, see (a) Doherty, A. M. In Chemical Structures Approaches to Rational Drug Design; Weiner, D. B., Williams, W. V., Eds.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; pp 85-123. (b) Elliott, J. D.; Lago, M. A.; Peishoff, C. E. In Endothelin Receptors; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr., Ed.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; pp 79-107. (c) Walsh, T. F. Annu. Rep. Med. Chem. 1995, 30, 91-100. (d) Filep, J. G. Drugs Today 1995, 31, 155-171. (e) Doherty, A. M. Drug Discovery Today 1996, 1, 60-70. (f) Cheng, X.-M.; Ahn, K.; Haleen, S. J. Annu. Rep. Med. Chem. 1997, 32, 61-70. (g) Webb, M. L.; Meek, T. D. Med. Res. Rev. 1997, 17, 17. (h) Tasker, A. S.; Pollock, D. M. In Endothelin Receptor Signaling Mechanisms; Pollock, D. M., Highsmith, R. F., Eds.; Springer: Berlin, 1998; pp 3-15. (i) Elliott, J. D.; Ohlstein, E. H.; Peishoff, C. E.; Ellens, H. M.; Lago, M. A. Pharm. Biotechnol. 1998, 11, 113-129. (j) Benigni, A.; Remuzzi, G. Lancet 1999, 353, 133-138. (k) Dao, H. H.; Moreau, P. Exp. Opin. Invest. Drugs 1999, 8, 1807-1821. (l) Goddard, J.; Webb, D. J. Drugs R&D 1999, 2, 1-12. (m) Roux, S.; Breu, V.; Ertel, S. I.; Clozel, M. J. Mol. Med. 1999, 77, 364-376. (n) Subbiah, V.; Katwa, L. Drugs 2000, 3, 190-197. (o) Boss, C.; Bolli, M.; Weller, T. Curr. Med. Chem. 2002, 9, 349-383. (p) Dasgupta, F.; Mukherjee, A. K.; Gangadhar, N. Curr. Med. Chem. 2002, 9, 549-575.
17. For recent reviews for the synthetic antagonists of endothelin receptors, see (a) Doherty, A. M. In Chemical Structures Approaches to Rational Drug Design; Weiner, D. B., Williams, W. V., Eds.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; pp 85-123. (b) Elliott, J. D.; Lago, M. A.; Peishoff, C. E. In Endothelin Receptors; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr., Ed.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; pp 79-107. (c) Walsh, T. F. Annu. Rep. Med. Chem. 1995, 30, 91-100. (d) Filep, J. G. Drugs Today 1995, 31, 155-171. (e) Doherty, A. M. Drug Discovery Today 1996, 1, 60-70. (f) Cheng, X.-M.; Ahn, K.; Haleen, S. J. Annu. Rep. Med. Chem. 1997, 32, 61-70. (g) Webb, M. L.; Meek, T. D. Med. Res. Rev. 1997, 17, 17. (h) Tasker, A. S.; Pollock, D. M. In Endothelin Receptor Signaling Mechanisms; Pollock, D. M., Highsmith, R. F., Eds.; Springer: Berlin, 1998; pp 3-15. (i) Elliott, J. D.; Ohlstein, E. H.; Peishoff, C. E.; Ellens, H. M.; Lago, M. A. Pharm. Biotechnol. 1998, 11, 113-129. (j) Benigni, A.; Remuzzi, G. Lancet 1999, 353, 133-138. (k) Dao, H. H.; Moreau, P. Exp. Opin. Invest. Drugs 1999, 8, 1807-1821. (l) Goddard, J.; Webb, D. J. Drugs R&D 1999, 2, 1-12. (m) Roux, S.; Breu, V.; Ertel, S. I.; Clozel, M. J. Mol. Med. 1999, 77, 364-376. (n) Subbiah, V.; Katwa, L. Drugs 2000, 3, 190-197. (o) Boss, C.; Bolli, M.; Weller, T. Curr. Med. Chem. 2002, 9, 349-383. (p) Dasgupta, F.; Mukherjee, A. K.; Gangadhar, N. Curr. Med. Chem. 2002, 9, 549-575.
18. For recent reviews for the synthetic antagonists of endothelin receptors, see (a) Doherty, A. M. In Chemical Structures Approaches to Rational Drug Design; Weiner, D. B., Williams, W. V., Eds.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; pp 85-123. (b) Elliott, J. D.; Lago, M. A.; Peishoff, C. E. In Endothelin Receptors; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr., Ed.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; pp 79-107. (c) Walsh, T. F. Annu. Rep. Med. Chem. 1995, 30, 91-100. (d) Filep, J. G. Drugs Today 1995, 31, 155-171. (e) Doherty, A. M. Drug Discovery Today 1996, 1, 60-70. (f) Cheng, X.-M.; Ahn, K.; Haleen, S. J. Annu. Rep. Med. Chem. 1997, 32, 61-70. (g) Webb, M. L.; Meek, T. D. Med. Res. Rev. 1997, 17, 17. (h) Tasker, A. S.; Pollock, D. M. In Endothelin Receptor Signaling Mechanisms; Pollock, D. M., Highsmith, R. F., Eds.; Springer: Berlin, 1998; pp 3-15. (i) Elliott, J. D.; Ohlstein, E. H.; Peishoff, C. E.; Ellens, H. M.; Lago, M. A. Pharm. Biotechnol. 1998, 11, 113-129. (j) Benigni, A.; Remuzzi, G. Lancet 1999, 353, 133-138. (k) Dao, H. H.; Moreau, P. Exp. Opin. Invest. Drugs 1999, 8, 1807-1821. (l) Goddard, J.; Webb, D. J. Drugs R&D 1999, 2, 1-12. (m) Roux, S.; Breu, V.; Ertel, S. I.; Clozel, M. J. Mol. Med. 1999, 77, 364-376. (n) Subbiah, V.; Katwa, L. Drugs 2000, 3, 190-197. (o) Boss, C.; Bolli, M.; Weller, T. Curr. Med. Chem. 2002, 9, 349-383. (p) Dasgupta, F.; Mukherjee, A. K.; Gangadhar, N. Curr. Med. Chem. 2002, 9, 549-575.
19. For recent reviews for the synthetic antagonists of endothelin receptors, see (a) Doherty, A. M. In Chemical Structures Approaches to Rational Drug Design; Weiner, D. B., Williams, W. V., Eds.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; pp 85-123. (b) Elliott, J. D.; Lago, M. A.; Peishoff, C. E. In Endothelin Receptors; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr., Ed.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; pp 79-107. (c) Walsh, T. F. Annu. Rep. Med. Chem. 1995, 30, 91-100. (d) Filep, J. G. Drugs Today 1995, 31, 155-171. (e) Doherty, A. M. Drug Discovery Today 1996, 1, 60-70. (f) Cheng, X.-M.; Ahn, K.; Haleen, S. J. Annu. Rep. Med. Chem. 1997, 32, 61-70. (g) Webb, M. L.; Meek, T. D. Med. Res. Rev. 1997, 17, 17. (h) Tasker, A. S.; Pollock, D. M. In Endothelin Receptor Signaling Mechanisms; Pollock, D. M., Highsmith, R. F., Eds.; Springer: Berlin, 1998; pp 3-15. (i) Elliott, J. D.; Ohlstein, E. H.; Peishoff, C. E.; Ellens, H. M.; Lago, M. A. Pharm. Biotechnol. 1998, 11, 113-129. (j) Benigni, A.; Remuzzi, G. Lancet 1999, 353, 133-138. (k) Dao, H. H.; Moreau, P. Exp. Opin. Invest. Drugs 1999, 8, 1807-1821. (l) Goddard, J.; Webb, D. J. Drugs R&D 1999, 2, 1-12. (m) Roux, S.; Breu, V.; Ertel, S. I.; Clozel, M. J. Mol. Med. 1999, 77, 364-376. (n) Subbiah, V.; Katwa, L. Drugs 2000, 3, 190-197. (o) Boss, C.; Bolli, M.; Weller, T. Curr. Med. Chem. 2002, 9, 349-383. (p) Dasgupta, F.; Mukherjee, A. K.; Gangadhar, N. Curr. Med. Chem. 2002, 9, 549-575.
20. For recent reviews for the synthetic antagonists of endothelin receptors, see (a) Doherty, A. M. In Chemical Structures Approaches to Rational Drug Design; Weiner, D. B., Williams, W. V., Eds.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; pp 85-123. (b) Elliott, J. D.; Lago, M. A.; Peishoff, C. E. In Endothelin Receptors; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr., Ed.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; pp 79-107. (c) Walsh, T. F. Annu. Rep. Med. Chem. 1995, 30, 91-100. (d) Filep, J. G. Drugs Today 1995, 31, 155-171. (e) Doherty, A. M. Drug Discovery Today 1996, 1, 60-70. (f) Cheng, X.-M.; Ahn, K.; Haleen, S. J. Annu. Rep. Med. Chem. 1997, 32, 61-70. (g) Webb, M. L.; Meek, T. D. Med. Res. Rev. 1997, 17, 17. (h) Tasker, A. S.; Pollock, D. M. In Endothelin Receptor Signaling Mechanisms; Pollock, D. M., Highsmith, R. F., Eds.; Springer: Berlin, 1998; pp 3-15. (i) Elliott, J. D.; Ohlstein, E. H.; Peishoff, C. E.; Ellens, H. M.; Lago, M. A. Pharm. Biotechnol. 1998, 11, 113-129. (j) Benigni, A.; Remuzzi, G. Lancet 1999, 353, 133-138. (k) Dao, H. H.; Moreau, P. Exp. Opin. Invest. Drugs 1999, 8, 1807-1821. (l) Goddard, J.; Webb, D. J. Drugs R&D 1999, 2, 1-12. (m) Roux, S.; Breu, V.; Ertel, S. I.; Clozel, M. J. Mol. Med. 1999, 77, 364-376. (n) Subbiah, V.; Katwa, L. Drugs 2000, 3, 190-197. (o) Boss, C.; Bolli, M.; Weller, T. Curr. Med. Chem. 2002, 9, 349-383. (p) Dasgupta, F.; Mukherjee, A. K.; Gangadhar, N. Curr. Med. Chem. 2002, 9, 549-575.
21. For recent reviews for the synthetic antagonists of endothelin receptors, see (a) Doherty, A. M. In Chemical Structures Approaches to Rational Drug Design; Weiner, D. B., Williams, W. V., Eds.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; pp 85-123. (b) Elliott, J. D.; Lago, M. A.; Peishoff, C. E. In Endothelin Receptors; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr., Ed.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; pp 79-107. (c) Walsh, T. F. Annu. Rep. Med. Chem. 1995, 30, 91-100. (d) Filep, J. G. Drugs Today 1995, 31, 155-171. (e) Doherty, A. M. Drug Discovery Today 1996, 1, 60-70. (f) Cheng, X.-M.; Ahn, K.; Haleen, S. J. Annu. Rep. Med. Chem. 1997, 32, 61-70. (g) Webb, M. L.; Meek, T. D. Med. Res. Rev. 1997, 17, 17. (h) Tasker, A. S.; Pollock, D. M. In Endothelin Receptor Signaling Mechanisms; Pollock, D. M., Highsmith, R. F., Eds.; Springer: Berlin, 1998; pp 3-15. (i) Elliott, J. D.; Ohlstein, E. H.; Peishoff, C. E.; Ellens, H. M.; Lago, M. A. Pharm. Biotechnol. 1998, 11, 113-129. (j) Benigni, A.; Remuzzi, G. Lancet 1999, 353, 133-138. (k) Dao, H. H.; Moreau, P. Exp. Opin. Invest. Drugs 1999, 8, 1807-1821. (l) Goddard, J.; Webb, D. J. Drugs R&D 1999, 2, 1-12. (m) Roux, S.; Breu, V.; Ertel, S. I.; Clozel, M. J. Mol. Med. 1999, 77, 364-376. (n) Subbiah, V.; Katwa, L. Drugs 2000, 3, 190-197. (o) Boss, C.; Bolli, M.; Weller, T. Curr. Med. Chem. 2002, 9, 349-383. (p) Dasgupta, F.; Mukherjee, A. K.; Gangadhar, N. Curr. Med. Chem. 2002, 9, 549-575.
22. For recent reviews for the synthetic antagonists of endothelin receptors, see (a) Doherty, A. M. In Chemical Structures Approaches to Rational Drug Design; Weiner, D. B., Williams, W. V., Eds.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; pp 85-123. (b) Elliott, J. D.; Lago, M. A.; Peishoff, C. E. In Endothelin Receptors; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr., Ed.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; pp 79-107. (c) Walsh, T. F. Annu. Rep. Med. Chem. 1995, 30, 91-100. (d) Filep, J. G. Drugs Today 1995, 31, 155-171. (e) Doherty, A. M. Drug Discovery Today 1996, 1, 60-70. (f) Cheng, X.-M.; Ahn, K.; Haleen, S. J. Annu. Rep. Med. Chem. 1997, 32, 61-70. (g) Webb, M. L.; Meek, T. D. Med. Res. Rev. 1997, 17, 17. (h) Tasker, A. S.; Pollock, D. M. In Endothelin Receptor Signaling Mechanisms; Pollock, D. M., Highsmith, R. F., Eds.; Springer: Berlin, 1998; pp 3-15. (i) Elliott, J. D.; Ohlstein, E. H.; Peishoff, C. E.; Ellens, H. M.; Lago, M. A. Pharm. Biotechnol. 1998, 11, 113-129. (j) Benigni, A.; Remuzzi, G. Lancet 1999, 353, 133-138. (k) Dao, H. H.; Moreau, P. Exp. Opin. Invest. Drugs 1999, 8, 1807-1821. (l) Goddard, J.; Webb, D. J. Drugs R&D 1999, 2, 1-12. (m) Roux, S.; Breu, V.; Ertel, S. I.; Clozel, M. J. Mol. Med. 1999, 77, 364-376. (n) Subbiah, V.; Katwa, L. Drugs 2000, 3, 190-197. (o) Boss, C.; Bolli, M.; Weller, T. Curr. Med. Chem. 2002, 9, 349-383. (p) Dasgupta, F.; Mukherjee, A. K.; Gangadhar, N. Curr. Med. Chem. 2002, 9, 549-575.
23. For recent reviews for the synthetic antagonists of endothelin receptors, see (a) Doherty, A. M. In Chemical Structures Approaches to Rational Drug Design; Weiner, D. B., Williams, W. V., Eds.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; pp 85-123. (b) Elliott, J. D.; Lago, M. A.; Peishoff, C. E. In Endothelin Receptors; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr., Ed.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; pp 79-107. (c) Walsh, T. F. Annu. Rep. Med. Chem. 1995, 30, 91-100. (d) Filep, J. G. Drugs Today 1995, 31, 155-171. (e) Doherty, A. M. Drug Discovery Today 1996, 1, 60-70. (f) Cheng, X.-M.; Ahn, K.; Haleen, S. J. Annu. Rep. Med. Chem. 1997, 32, 61-70. (g) Webb, M. L.; Meek, T. D. Med. Res. Rev. 1997, 17, 17. (h) Tasker, A. S.; Pollock, D. M. In Endothelin Receptor Signaling Mechanisms; Pollock, D. M., Highsmith, R. F., Eds.; Springer: Berlin, 1998; pp 3-15. (i) Elliott, J. D.; Ohlstein, E. H.; Peishoff, C. E.; Ellens, H. M.; Lago, M. A. Pharm. Biotechnol. 1998, 11, 113-129. (j) Benigni, A.; Remuzzi, G. Lancet 1999, 353, 133-138. (k) Dao, H. H.; Moreau, P. Exp. Opin. Invest. Drugs 1999, 8, 1807-1821. (l) Goddard, J.; Webb, D. J. Drugs R&D 1999, 2, 1-12. (m) Roux, S.; Breu, V.; Ertel, S. I.; Clozel, M. J. Mol. Med. 1999, 77, 364-376. (n) Subbiah, V.; Katwa, L. Drugs 2000, 3, 190-197. (o) Boss, C.; Bolli, M.; Weller, T. Curr. Med. Chem. 2002, 9, 349-383. (p) Dasgupta, F.; Mukherjee, A. K.; Gangadhar, N. Curr. Med. Chem. 2002, 9, 549-575.
24. For recent reviews for the synthetic antagonists of endothelin receptors, see (a) Doherty, A. M. In Chemical Structures Approaches to Rational Drug Design; Weiner, D. B., Williams, W. V., Eds.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; pp 85-123. (b) Elliott, J. D.; Lago, M. A.; Peishoff, C. E. In Endothelin Receptors; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr., Ed.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; pp 79-107. (c) Walsh, T. F. Annu. Rep. Med. Chem. 1995, 30, 91-100. (d) Filep, J. G. Drugs Today 1995, 31, 155-171. (e) Doherty, A. M. Drug Discovery Today 1996, 1, 60-70. (f) Cheng, X.-M.; Ahn, K.; Haleen, S. J. Annu. Rep. Med. Chem. 1997, 32, 61-70. (g) Webb, M. L.; Meek, T. D. Med. Res. Rev. 1997, 17, 17. (h) Tasker, A. S.; Pollock, D. M. In Endothelin Receptor Signaling Mechanisms; Pollock, D. M., Highsmith, R. F., Eds.; Springer: Berlin, 1998; pp 3-15. (i) Elliott, J. D.; Ohlstein, E. H.; Peishoff, C. E.; Ellens, H. M.; Lago, M. A. Pharm. Biotechnol. 1998, 11, 113-129. (j) Benigni, A.; Remuzzi, G. Lancet 1999, 353, 133-138. (k) Dao, H. H.; Moreau, P. Exp. Opin. Invest. Drugs 1999, 8, 1807-1821. (l) Goddard, J.; Webb, D. J. Drugs R&D 1999, 2, 1-12. (m) Roux, S.; Breu, V.; Ertel, S. I.; Clozel, M. J. Mol. Med. 1999, 77, 364-376. (n) Subbiah, V.; Katwa, L. Drugs 2000, 3, 190-197. (o) Boss, C.; Bolli, M.; Weller, T. Curr. Med. Chem. 2002, 9, 349-383. (p) Dasgupta, F.; Mukherjee, A. K.; Gangadhar, N. Curr. Med. Chem. 2002, 9, 549-575.
25. For recent reviews for the synthetic antagonists of endothelin receptors, see (a) Doherty, A. M. In Chemical Structures Approaches to Rational Drug Design; Weiner, D. B., Williams, W. V., Eds.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; pp 85-123. (b) Elliott, J. D.; Lago, M. A.; Peishoff, C. E. In Endothelin Receptors; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr., Ed.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; pp 79-107.(c) Walsh, T. F. Annu. Rep. Med. Chem. 1995, 30, 91-100. (d) Filep, J. G. Drugs Today 1995, 31, 155-171. (e) Doherty, A. M. Drug Discovery Today 1996, 1, 60-70. (f) Cheng, X.-M.; Ahn, K.; Haleen, S. J. Annu. Rep. Med. Chem. 1997, 32, 61-70. (g) Webb, M. L.; Meek, T. D. Med. Res. Rev. 1997, 17, 17. (h) Tasker, A. S.; Pollock, D. M. In Endothelin Receptor Signaling Mechanisms; Pollock, D. M., Highsmith, R. F., Eds.; Springer: Berlin, 1998; pp 3-15. (i) Elliott, J. D.; Ohlstein, E. H.; Peishoff, C. E.; Ellens, H. M.; Lago, M. A. Pharm. Biotechnol. 1998, 11, 113-129. (j) Benigni, A.; Remuzzi, G. Lancet 1999, 353, 133-138. (k) Dao, H. H.; Moreau, P. Exp. Opin. Invest. Drugs 1999, 8, 1807-1821. (l) Goddard, J.; Webb, D. J. Drugs R&D 1999, 2, 1-12. (m) Roux, S.; Breu, V.; Ertel, S. I.; Clozel, M. J. Mol. Med. 1999, 77, 364-376. (n) Subbiah, V.; Katwa, L. Drugs 2000, 3, 190-197. (o) Boss, C.; Bolli, M.; Weller, T. Curr. Med. Chem. 2002, 9, 349-383. (p) Dasgupta, F.; Mukherjee, A. K.; Gangadhar, N. Curr. Med. Chem. 2002, 9, 549-575.
26. For recent reviews for the synthetic antagonists of endothelin receptors, see (a) Doherty, A. M. In Chemical Structures Approaches to Rational Drug Design; Weiner, D. B., Williams, W. V., Eds.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; pp 85-123. (b) Elliott, J. D.; Lago, M. A.; Peishoff, C. E. In Endothelin Receptors; Ruffolo, R. R., Jr., Ed.; CRC: Boca Raton, FL, 1995; pp 79-107. (c) Walsh, T. F. Annu. Rep. Med. Chem. 1995, 30, 91-100. (d) Filep, J. G. Drugs Today 1995, 31, 155-171. (e) Doherty, A. M. Drug Discovery Today 1996, 1, 60-70. (f) Cheng, X.-M.; Ahn, K.; Haleen, S. J. Annu. Rep. Med. Chem. 1997, 32, 61-70. (g) Webb, M. L.; Meek, T. D. Med. Res. Rev. 1997, 17, 17. (h) Tasker, A. S.; Pollock, D. M. In Endothelin Receptor Signaling Mechanisms; Pollock, D. M., Highsmith, R. F., Eds.; Springer: Berlin, 1998; pp 3-15. (i) Elliott, J. D.; Ohlstein, E. H.; Peishoff, C. E.; Ellens, H. M.; Lago, M. A. Pharm. Biotechnol. 1998, 11, 113-129. (j) Benigni, A.; Remuzzi, G. Lancet 1999, 353, 133-138. (k) Dao, H. H.; Moreau, P. Exp. Opin. Invest. Drugs 1999, 8, 1807-1821. (l) Goddard, J.; Webb, D. J. Drugs R&D 1999, 2, 1-12. (m) Roux, S.; Breu, V.; Ertel, S. I.; Clozel, M. J. Mol. Med. 1999, 77, 364-376. (n) Subbiah, V.; Katwa, L. Drugs 2000, 3, 190-197. (o) Boss, C.; Bolli, M.; Weller, T. Curr. Med. Chem. 2002, 9, 349-383. (p) Dasgupta, F.; Mukherjee, A. K.; Gangadhar, N. Curr. Med. Chem. 2002, 9, 549-575.
27. For SB209670 and the related endothelin receptor antagonists, see (a) Elliott, J. D.; Lago, M. A.; Cousins, R. D.; Gao, A.; Leber, J. D.; Erhard, K. F.; Nambi, P.; Elshourbagy, N. A.; Kumar, C.; Lee, J. A.; Bean, J. W.; DeBrosse, C. W.; Eggleston, D. S.; Brooks, D. P.; Feuerstein, G.; Ruffolo, R. R.; Weinstock, J.; Gleason, J. G.; Peishoff, C. E.; Ohlstein, E. H. J. Med. Chem. 1994, 37, 1553-1557. (b) Clark, W. M.; Tickner-Eldridge, A. M.; Huang, G. K.; Pridgen, L. N.; Olsen, M. A.; Mills, R. J.; Lantos, I.; Baine, N. H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 720, 4550-4551. (c) Clark, W. M. Curr. Opin. Drug Discovery Dev. 1999, 2, 565-577. (d) Song, Z. J.; Zhao, M.; Desmond, R.; Devine, P.; Tschaen, D. M.; Tillyer, R.; Frey, L.; Held, R.; Xu, F.; Foster, B.; Li, J.; Reamer, R.; Volante, R.; Grabowski, E. J. J.; Dolling, U. H.; Reider, P. J.; Okada, S.; Kato, Y.; Mano, E. J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64, 9658-9667. (e) Zhang, J.; Didierlaurent, S.; Fortin, M.; Lefrancois, D.; Uridat, E.; Vevert, J. P. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2000, 10, 2575-2578. (f) Morimoto, H.; Fukushima, C.; Yamauchi, R.; Hosino, T.; Kikkawa, K.; Yasuda, K.; Yamada, K. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2001, 9, 255-268. (g) Haylor, J. L.; Morcos, S. K.; Nephrology, D. Transplantation 2001, 16, 1336-1337. (h) Niiyama, K.; Mase, T.; Takahashi, H.; Naya, A.; Katsuki, K.; Nagase, T.; Ito, S.; Hayama, T.; Hisaka, A.; Ozaki, S.; Ihara, M.; Yano, M.; Fukuroda, T.; Noguchi, K.; Nishikibe, M.; Ishikawa, K. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2002, 10, 2461-2470.
28. For SB209670 and the related endothelin receptor antagonists, see (a) Elliott, J. D.; Lago, M. A.; Cousins, R. D.; Gao, A.; Leber, J. D.; Erhard, K. F.; Nambi, P.; Elshourbagy, N. A.; Kumar, C.; Lee, J. A.; Bean, J. W.; DeBrosse, C. W.; Eggleston, D. S.; Brooks, D. P.; Feuerstein, G.; Ruffolo, R. R.; Weinstock, J.; Gleason, J. G.; Peishoff, C. E.; Ohlstein, E. H. J. Med. Chem. 1994, 37, 1553-1557. (b) Clark, W. M.; Tickner-Eldridge, A. M.; Huang, G. K.; Pridgen, L. N.; Olsen, M. A.; Mills, R. J.; Lantos, I.; Baine, N. H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 720, 4550-4551. (c) Clark, W. M. Curr. Opin. Drug Discovery Dev. 1999, 2, 565-577. (d) Song, Z. J.; Zhao, M.; Desmond, R.; Devine, P.; Tschaen, D. M.; Tillyer, R.; Frey, L.; Held, R.; Xu, F.; Foster, B.; Li, J.; Reamer, R.; Volante, R.; Grabowski, E. J. J.; Dolling, U. H.; Reider, P. J.; Okada, S.; Kato, Y.; Mano, E. J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64, 9658-9667. (e) Zhang, J.; Didierlaurent, S.; Fortin, M.; Lefrancois, D.; Uridat, E.; Vevert, J. P. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2000, 10, 2575-2578. (f) Morimoto, H.; Fukushima, C.; Yamauchi, R.; Hosino, T.; Kikkawa, K.; Yasuda, K.; Yamada, K. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2001, 9, 255-268. (g) Haylor, J. L.; Morcos, S. K.; Nephrology, D. Transplantation 2001, 16, 1336-1337. (h) Niiyama, K.; Mase, T.; Takahashi, H.; Naya, A.; Katsuki, K.; Nagase, T.; Ito, S.; Hayama, T.; Hisaka, A.; Ozaki, S.; Ihara, M.; Yano, M.; Fukuroda, T.; Noguchi, K.; Nishikibe, M.; Ishikawa, K. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2002, 10, 2461-2470.
29. For SB209670 and the related endothelin receptor antagonists, see (a) Elliott, J. D.; Lago, M. A.; Cousins, R. D.; Gao, A.; Leber, J. D.; Erhard, K. F.; Nambi, P.; Elshourbagy, N. A.; Kumar, C.; Lee, J. A.; Bean, J. W.; DeBrosse, C. W.; Eggleston, D. S.; Brooks, D. P.; Feuerstein, G.; Ruffolo, R. R.; Weinstock, J.; Gleason, J. G.; Peishoff, C. E.; Ohlstein, E. H. J. Med. Chem. 1994, 37, 1553-1557. (b) Clark, W. M.; Tickner-Eldridge, A. M.; Huang, G. K.; Pridgen, L. N.; Olsen, M. A.; Mills, R. J.; Lantos, I.; Baine, N. H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 720, 4550-4551. (c) Clark, W. M. Curr. Opin. Drug Discovery Dev. 1999, 2, 565-577. (d) Song, Z. J.; Zhao, M.; Desmond, R.; Devine, P.; Tschaen, D. M.; Tillyer, R.; Frey, L.; Held, R.; Xu, F.; Foster, B.; Li, J.; Reamer, R.; Volante, R.; Grabowski, E. J. J.; Dolling, U. H.; Reider, P. J.; Okada, S.; Kato, Y.; Mano, E. J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64, 9658-9667. (e) Zhang, J.; Didierlaurent, S.; Fortin, M.; Lefrancois, D.; Uridat, E.; Vevert, J. P. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2000, 10, 2575-2578. (f) Morimoto, H.; Fukushima, C.; Yamauchi, R.; Hosino, T.; Kikkawa, K.; Yasuda, K.; Yamada, K. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2001, 9, 255-268. (g) Haylor, J. L.; Morcos, S. K.; Nephrology, D. Transplantation 2001, 16, 1336-1337. (h) Niiyama, K.; Mase, T.; Takahashi, H.; Naya, A.; Katsuki, K.; Nagase, T.; Ito, S.; Hayama, T.; Hisaka, A.; Ozaki, S.; Ihara, M.; Yano, M.; Fukuroda, T.; Noguchi, K.; Nishikibe, M.; Ishikawa, K. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2002, 10, 2461-2470.
30. For SB209670 and the related endothelin receptor antagonists, see (a) Elliott, J. D.; Lago, M. A.; Cousins, R. D.; Gao, A.; Leber, J. D.; Erhard, K. F.; Nambi, P.; Elshourbagy, N. A.; Kumar, C.; Lee, J. A.; Bean, J. W.; DeBrosse, C. W.; Eggleston, D. S.; Brooks, D. P.; Feuerstein, G.; Ruffolo, R. R.; Weinstock, J.; Gleason, J. G.; Peishoff, C. E.; Ohlstein, E. H. J. Med. Chem. 1994, 37, 1553-1557. (b) Clark, W. M.; Tickner-Eldridge, A. M.; Huang, G. K.; Pridgen, L. N.; Olsen, M. A.; Mills, R. J.; Lantos, I.; Baine, N. H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 720, 4550-4551. (c) Clark, W. M. Curr. Opin. Drug Discovery Dev. 1999, 2, 565-577. (d) Song, Z. J.; Zhao, M.; Desmond, R.; Devine, P.; Tschaen, D. M.; Tillyer, R.; Frey, L.; Held, R.; Xu, F.; Foster, B.; Li, J.; Reamer, R.; Volante, R.; Grabowski, E. J. J.; Dolling, U. H.; Reider, P. J.; Okada, S.; Kato, Y.; Mano, E. J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64, 9658-9667. (e) Zhang, J.; Didierlaurent, S.; Fortin, M.; Lefrancois, D.; Uridat, E.; Vevert, J. P. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2000, 10, 2575-2578. (f) Morimoto, H.; Fukushima, C.; Yamauchi, R.; Hosino, T.; Kikkawa, K.; Yasuda, K.; Yamada, K. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2001, 9, 255-268. (g) Haylor, J. L.; Morcos, S. K.; Nephrology, D. Transplantation 2001, 16, 1336-1337. (h) Niiyama, K.; Mase, T.; Takahashi, H.; Naya, A.; Katsuki, K.; Nagase, T.; Ito, S.; Hayama, T.; Hisaka, A.; Ozaki, S.; Ihara, M.; Yano, M.; Fukuroda, T.; Noguchi, K.; Nishikibe, M.; Ishikawa, K. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2002, 10, 2461-2470.
31. For SB209670 and the related endothelin receptor antagonists, see (a) Elliott, J. D.; Lago, M. A.; Cousins, R. D.; Gao, A.; Leber, J. D.; Erhard, K. F.; Nambi, P.; Elshourbagy, N. A.; Kumar, C.; Lee, J. A.; Bean, J. W.; DeBrosse, C. W.; Eggleston, D. S.; Brooks, D. P.; Feuerstein, G.; Ruffolo, R. R.; Weinstock, J.; Gleason, J. G.; Peishoff, C. E.; Ohlstein, E. H. J. Med. Chem. 1994, 37, 1553-1557. (b) Clark, W. M.; Tickner-Eldridge, A. M.; Huang, G. K.; Pridgen, L. N.; Olsen, M. A.; Mills, R. J.; Lantos, I.; Baine, N. H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 720, 4550-4551. (c) Clark, W. M. Curr. Opin. Drug Discovery Dev. 1999, 2, 565-577. (d) Song, Z. J.; Zhao, M.; Desmond, R.; Devine, P.; Tschaen, D. M.; Tillyer, R.; Frey, L.; Held, R.; Xu, F.; Foster, B.; Li, J.; Reamer, R.; Volante, R.; Grabowski, E. J. J.; Dolling, U. H.; Reider, P. J.; Okada, S.; Kato, Y.; Mano, E. J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64, 9658-9667. (e) Zhang, J.; Didierlaurent, S.; Fortin, M.; Lefrancois, D.; Uridat, E.; Vevert, J. P. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2000, 10, 2575-2578. (f) Morimoto, H.; Fukushima, C.; Yamauchi, R.; Hosino, T.; Kikkawa, K.; Yasuda, K.; Yamada, K. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2001, 9, 255-268. (g) Haylor, J. L.; Morcos, S. K.; Nephrology, D. Transplantation 2001, 16, 1336-1337. (h) Niiyama, K.; Mase, T.; Takahashi, H.; Naya, A.; Katsuki, K.; Nagase, T.; Ito, S.; Hayama, T.; Hisaka, A.; Ozaki, S.; Ihara, M.; Yano, M.; Fukuroda, T.; Noguchi, K.; Nishikibe, M.; Ishikawa, K. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2002, 10, 2461-2470.
32. For SB209670 and the related endothelin receptor antagonists, see (a) Elliott, J. D.; Lago, M. A.; Cousins, R. D.; Gao, A.; Leber, J. D.; Erhard, K. F.; Nambi, P.; Elshourbagy, N. A.; Kumar, C.; Lee, J. A.; Bean, J. W.; DeBrosse, C. W.; Eggleston, D. S.; Brooks, D. P.; Feuerstein, G.; Ruffolo, R. R.; Weinstock, J.; Gleason, J. G.; Peishoff, C. E.; Ohlstein, E. H. J. Med. Chem. 1994, 37, 1553-1557. (b) Clark, W. M.; Tickner-Eldridge, A. M.; Huang, G. K.; Pridgen, L. N.; Olsen, M. A.; Mills, R. J.; Lantos, I.; Baine, N. H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 720, 4550-4551. (c) Clark, W. M. Curr. Opin. Drug Discovery Dev. 1999, 2, 565-577. (d) Song, Z. J.; Zhao, M.; Desmond, R.; Devine, P.; Tschaen, D. M.; Tillyer, R.; Frey, L.; Held, R.; Xu, F.; Foster, B.; Li, J.; Reamer, R.; Volante, R.; Grabowski, E. J. J.; Dolling, U. H.; Reider, P. J.; Okada, S.; Kato, Y.; Mano, E. J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64, 9658-9667. (e) Zhang, J.; Didierlaurent, S.; Fortin, M.; Lefrancois, D.; Uridat, E.; Vevert, J. P. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2000, 10, 2575-2578. (f) Morimoto, H.; Fukushima, C.; Yamauchi, R.; Hosino, T.; Kikkawa, K.; Yasuda, K.; Yamada, K. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2001, 9, 255-268. (g) Haylor, J. L.; Morcos, S. K.; Nephrology, D. Transplantation 2001, 16, 1336-1337. (h) Niiyama, K.; Mase, T.; Takahashi, H.; Naya, A.; Katsuki, K.; Nagase, T.; Ito, S.; Hayama, T.; Hisaka, A.; Ozaki, S.; Ihara, M.; Yano, M.; Fukuroda, T.; Noguchi, K.; Nishikibe, M.; Ishikawa, K. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2002, 10, 2461-2470.
33. For SB209670 and the related endothelin receptor antagonists, see (a) Elliott, J. D.; Lago, M. A.; Cousins, R. D.; Gao, A.; Leber, J. D.; Erhard, K. F.; Nambi, P.; Elshourbagy, N. A.; Kumar, C.; Lee, J. A.; Bean, J. W.; DeBrosse, C. W.; Eggleston, D. S.; Brooks, D. P.; Feuerstein, G.; Ruffolo, R. R.; Weinstock, J.; Gleason, J. G.; Peishoff, C. E.; Ohlstein, E. H. J. Med. Chem. 1994, 37, 1553-1557. (b) Clark, W. M.; Tickner-Eldridge, A. M.; Huang, G. K.; Pridgen, L. N.; Olsen, M. A.; Mills, R. J.; Lantos, I.; Baine, N. H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 720, 4550-4551. (c) Clark, W. M. Curr. Opin. Drug Discovery Dev. 1999, 2, 565-577. (d) Song, Z. J.; Zhao, M.; Desmond, R.; Devine, P.; Tschaen, D. M.; Tillyer, R.; Frey, L.; Held, R.; Xu, F.; Foster, B.; Li, J.; Reamer, R.; Volante, R.; Grabowski, E. J. J.; Dolling, U. H.; Reider, P. J.; Okada, S.; Kato, Y.; Mano, E. J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64, 9658-9667. (e) Zhang, J.; Didierlaurent, S.; Fortin, M.; Lefrancois, D.; Uridat, E.; Vevert, J. P. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2000, 10, 2575-2578. (f) Morimoto, H.; Fukushima, C.; Yamauchi, R.; Hosino, T.; Kikkawa, K.; Yasuda, K.; Yamada, K. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2001, 9, 255-268. (g) Haylor, J. L.; Morcos, S. K.; Nephrology, D. Transplantation 2001, 16, 1336-1337. (h) Niiyama, K.; Mase, T.; Takahashi, H.; Naya, A.; Katsuki, K.; Nagase, T.; Ito, S.; Hayama, T.; Hisaka, A.; Ozaki, S.; Ihara, M.; Yano, M.; Fukuroda, T.; Noguchi, K.; Nishikibe, M.; Ishikawa, K. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2002, 10, 2461-2470.
34. For SB209670 and the related endothelin receptor antagonists, see (a) Elliott, J. D.; Lago, M. A.; Cousins, R. D.; Gao, A.; Leber, J. D.; Erhard, K. F.; Nambi, P.; Elshourbagy, N. A.; Kumar, C.; Lee, J. A.; Bean, J. W.; DeBrosse, C. W.; Eggleston, D. S.; Brooks, D. P.; Feuerstein, G.; Ruffolo, R. R.; Weinstock, J.; Gleason, J. G.; Peishoff, C. E.; Ohlstein, E. H. J. Med. Chem. 1994, 37, 1553-1557. (b) Clark, W. M.; Tickner-Eldridge, A. M.; Huang, G. K.; Pridgen, L. N.; Olsen, M. A.; Mills, R. J.; Lantos, I.; Baine, N. H. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 720, 4550-4551. (c) Clark, W. M. Curr. Opin. Drug Discovery Dev. 1999, 2, 565-577. (d) Song, Z. J.; Zhao, M.; Desmond, R.; Devine, P.; Tschaen, D. M.; Tillyer, R.; Frey, L.; Held, R.; Xu, F.; Foster, B.; Li, J.; Reamer, R.; Volante, R.; Grabowski, E. J. J.; Dolling, U. H.; Reider, P. J.; Okada, S.; Kato, Y.; Mano, E. J. Org. Chem. 1999, 64, 9658-9667. (e) Zhang, J.; Didierlaurent, S.; Fortin, M.; Lefrancois, D.; Uridat, E.; Vevert, J. P. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2000, 10, 2575-2578. (f) Morimoto, H.; Fukushima, C.; Yamauchi, R.; Hosino, T.; Kikkawa, K.; Yasuda, K.; Yamada, K. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2001, 9, 255-268. (g) Haylor, J. L.; Morcos, S. K.; Nephrology, D. Transplantation 2001, 16, 1336-1337. (h) Niiyama, K.; Mase, T.; Takahashi, H.; Naya, A.; Katsuki, K.; Nagase, T.; Ito, S.; Hayama, T.; Hisaka, A.; Ozaki, S.; Ihara, M.; Yano, M.; Fukuroda, T.; Noguchi, K.; Nishikibe, M.; Ishikawa, K. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2002, 10, 2461-2470.
35. (4) For recent articles on the syntheses and bioactivities of 1,4-benzodiazepine-2,5-diones, see (a) McDowell, R. S.; Gadek, T. R.; Barker, P. L.; Burdick, D. J.; Chan, K. S.; Quan, C. L.; Skelton, N.; Strumble, M.; Thorsett, E. D.; Tischler, M.; Tom, J. Y. K.; Webb, T. R.; Burnier, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 5069-5076. (b) McDowell, R. S.; Blackburn, B. K.; Gadek, T. R.; McGee, L. R.; Rawson, T.; Reynolds, M.; Robarge, K. D.; Somers, T. C.; Thorsett, E. D.; Tischler, M.; Webb, R. R.; Venuti, M. C. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 5077-5083. (c) Webb, R. R.; Barker, P. R.; Baier, M.; Reynolds, M. E.; Robarge, K. D.; Blackburn, B. K.; Tichler, M. H.; Weese, K. J. Tetrahedron Lett. 1994, 35, 2113-2116. (d) Armstrong, R.; Combs, A.; Tempest, P.; Brown, D. ; Keating, T. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 123-131. (e) Ellman, J. A. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 9, 132-143. (f) Moroder, L.; Lutz, J.; Grams, F.; Rudolph-Böhner, S.; Ösapay, G.; Goodman, M.; Kolbeck, W. Biopolymers 1996, 38, 295-300. (g) Hulme, C.; Cherrier, M.-P. Tetrahedron Lett. 1999, 40, 5295-5299. (h) Cutler, S. J.; Cutler, H. G.; Hamdy, M. K. Proc. Plant Growth Regul. Soc. Am. 27th 2000, 33-41. (i) Osman, A. N.; El-Gendy, A. A.; Omar, R. H.; Wagdy, L.; Omar, A. H. Indian J. Chem., B 2002, 41B, 871-874. (j) Kamal, A. ; Nallan, C. L.; Gujjar, R.; Poddutoori, R.; Olepu, S. U.S. Patent 6362331 B1, 2002.
36. For recent articles on the syntheses and bioactivities of 1,4-benzodiazepine-2,5-diones, see (a) McDowell, R. S.; Gadek, T. R.; Barker, P. L.; Burdick, D. J.; Chan, K. S.; Quan, C. L.; Skelton, N.; Strumble, M.; Thorsett, E. D.; Tischler, M.; Tom, J. Y. K.; Webb, T. R.; Burnier, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 5069-5076. (b) McDowell, R. S.; Blackburn, B. K.; Gadek, T. R.; McGee, L. R.; Rawson, T.; Reynolds, M.; Robarge, K. D.; Somers, T. C.; Thorsett, E. D.; Tischler, M.; Webb, R. R.; Venuti, M. C. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 5077-5083. (c) Webb, R. R.; Barker, P. R.; Baier, M.; Reynolds, M. E.; Robarge, K. D.; Blackburn, B. K.; Tichler, M. H.; Weese, K. J. Tetrahedron Lett. 1994, 35, 2113-2116. (d) Armstrong, R.; Combs, A.; Tempest, P.; Brown, D. ; Keating, T. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 123-131. (e) Ellman, J. A. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 9, 132-143. (f) Moroder, L.; Lutz, J.; Grams, F.; Rudolph-Böhner, S.; Ösapay, G.; Goodman, M.; Kolbeck, W. Biopolymers 1996, 38, 295-300. (g) Hulme, C.; Cherrier, M.-P. Tetrahedron Lett. 1999, 40, 5295-5299. (h) Cutler, S. J.; Cutler, H. G.; Hamdy, M. K. Proc. Plant Growth Regul. Soc. Am. 27th 2000, 33-41. (i) Osman, A. N.; El-Gendy, A. A.; Omar, R. H.; Wagdy, L.; Omar, A. H. Indian J. Chem., B 2002, 41B, 871-874. (j) Kamal, A. ; Nallan, C. L.; Gujjar, R.; Poddutoori, R.; Olepu, S. U.S. Patent 6362331 B1, 2002.
37. For recent articles on the syntheses and bioactivities of 1,4-benzodiazepine-2,5-diones, see (a) McDowell, R. S.; Gadek, T. R.; Barker, P. L.; Burdick, D. J.; Chan, K. S.; Quan, C. L.; Skelton, N.; Strumble, M.; Thorsett, E. D.; Tischler, M.; Tom, J. Y. K.; Webb, T. R.; Burnier, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 5069-5076. (b) McDowell, R. S.; Blackburn, B. K.; Gadek, T. R.; McGee, L. R.; Rawson, T.; Reynolds, M.; Robarge, K. D.; Somers, T. C.; Thorsett, E. D.; Tischler, M.; Webb, R. R.; Venuti, M. C. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 5077-5083. (c) Webb, R. R.; Barker, P. R.; Baier, M.; Reynolds, M. E.; Robarge, K. D.; Blackburn, B. K.; Tichler, M. H.; Weese, K. J. Tetrahedron Lett. 1994, 35, 2113-2116. (d) Armstrong, R.; Combs, A.; Tempest, P.; Brown, D. ; Keating, T. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 123-131. (e) Ellman, J. A. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 9, 132-143. (f) Moroder, L.; Lutz, J.; Grams, F.; Rudolph-Böhner, S.; Ösapay, G.; Goodman, M.; Kolbeck, W. Biopolymers 1996, 38, 295-300. (g) Hulme, C.; Cherrier, M.-P. Tetrahedron Lett. 1999, 40, 5295-5299. (h) Cutler, S. J.; Cutler, H. G.; Hamdy, M. K. Proc. Plant Growth Regul. Soc. Am. 27th 2000, 33-41. (i) Osman, A. N.; El-Gendy, A. A.; Omar, R. H.; Wagdy, L.; Omar, A. H. Indian J. Chem., B 2002, 41B, 871-874. (j) Kamal, A. ; Nallan, C. L.; Gujjar, R.; Poddutoori, R.; Olepu, S. U.S. Patent 6362331 B1, 2002.
38. For recent articles on the syntheses and bioactivities of 1,4-benzodiazepine-2,5-diones, see (a) McDowell, R. S.; Gadek, T. R.; Barker, P. L.; Burdick, D. J.; Chan, K. S.; Quan, C. L.; Skelton, N.; Strumble, M.; Thorsett, E. D.; Tischler, M.; Tom, J. Y. K.; Webb, T. R.; Burnier, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 5069-5076. (b) McDowell, R. S.; Blackburn, B. K.; Gadek, T. R.; McGee, L. R.; Rawson, T.; Reynolds, M.; Robarge, K. D.; Somers, T. C.; Thorsett, E. D.; Tischler, M.; Webb, R. R.; Venuti, M. C. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 5077-5083. (c) Webb, R. R.; Barker, P. R.; Baier, M.; Reynolds, M. E.; Robarge, K. D.; Blackburn, B. K.; Tichler, M. H.; Weese, K. J. Tetrahedron Lett. 1994, 35, 2113-2116. (d) Armstrong, R.; Combs, A.; Tempest, P.; Brown, D. ; Keating, T. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 123-131. (e) Ellman, J. A. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 9, 132-143. (f) Moroder, L.; Lutz, J.; Grams, F.; Rudolph-Böhner, S.; Ösapay, G.; Goodman, M.; Kolbeck, W. Biopolymers 1996, 38, 295-300. (g) Hulme, C.; Cherrier, M.-P. Tetrahedron Lett. 1999, 40, 5295-5299. (h) Cutler, S. J.; Cutler, H. G.; Hamdy, M. K. Proc. Plant Growth Regul. Soc. Am. 27th 2000, 33-41. (i) Osman, A. N.; El-Gendy, A. A.; Omar, R. H.; Wagdy, L.; Omar, A. H. Indian J. Chem., B 2002, 41B, 871-874. (j) Kamal, A. ; Nallan, C. L.; Gujjar, R.; Poddutoori, R.; Olepu, S. U.S. Patent 6362331 B1, 2002.
39. For recent articles on the syntheses and bioactivities of 1,4-benzodiazepine-2,5-diones, see (a) McDowell, R. S.; Gadek, T. R.; Barker, P. L.; Burdick, D. J.; Chan, K. S.; Quan, C. L.; Skelton, N.; Strumble, M.; Thorsett, E. D.; Tischler, M.; Tom, J. Y. K.; Webb, T. R.; Burnier, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 5069-5076. (b) McDowell, R. S.; Blackburn, B. K.; Gadek, T. R.; McGee, L. R.; Rawson, T.; Reynolds, M.; Robarge, K. D.; Somers, T. C.; Thorsett, E. D.; Tischler, M.; Webb, R. R.; Venuti, M. C. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 5077-5083. (c) Webb, R. R.; Barker, P. R.; Baier, M.; Reynolds, M. E.; Robarge, K. D.; Blackburn, B. K.; Tichler, M. H.; Weese, K. J. Tetrahedron Lett. 1994, 35, 2113-2116. (d) Armstrong, R.; Combs, A.; Tempest, P.; Brown, D. ; Keating, T. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 123-131. (e) Ellman, J. A. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 9, 132-143. (f) Moroder, L.; Lutz, J.; Grams, F.; Rudolph-Böhner, S.; Ösapay, G.; Goodman, M.; Kolbeck, W. Biopolymers 1996, 38, 295-300. (g) Hulme, C.; Cherrier, M.-P. Tetrahedron Lett. 1999, 40, 5295-5299. (h) Cutler, S. J.; Cutler, H. G.; Hamdy, M. K. Proc. Plant Growth Regul. Soc. Am. 27th 2000, 33-41. (i) Osman, A. N.; El-Gendy, A. A.; Omar, R. H.; Wagdy, L.; Omar, A. H. Indian J. Chem., B 2002, 41B, 871-874. (j) Kamal, A. ; Nallan, C. L.; Gujjar, R.; Poddutoori, R.; Olepu, S. U.S. Patent 6362331 B1, 2002.
40. For recent articles on the syntheses and bioactivities of 1,4-benzodiazepine-2,5-diones, see (a) McDowell, R. S.; Gadek, T. R.; Barker, P. L.; Burdick, D. J.; Chan, K. S.; Quan, C. L.; Skelton, N.; Strumble, M.; Thorsett, E. D.; Tischler, M.; Tom, J. Y. K.; Webb, T. R.; Burnier, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 5069-5076. (b) McDowell, R. S.; Blackburn, B. K.; Gadek, T. R.; McGee, L. R.; Rawson, T.; Reynolds, M.; Robarge, K. D.; Somers, T. C.; Thorsett, E. D.; Tischler, M.; Webb, R. R.; Venuti, M. C. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 5077-5083. (c) Webb, R. R.; Barker, P. R.; Baier, M.; Reynolds, M. E.; Robarge, K. D.; Blackburn, B. K.; Tichler, M. H.; Weese, K. J. Tetrahedron Lett. 1994, 35, 2113-2116. (d) Armstrong, R.; Combs, A.; Tempest, P.; Brown, D. ; Keating, T. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 123-131. (e) Ellman, J. A. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 9, 132-143. (f) Moroder, L.; Lutz, J.; Grams, F.; Rudolph-Böhner, S.; Ösapay, G.; Goodman, M.; Kolbeck, W. Biopolymers 1996, 38, 295-300. (g) Hulme, C.; Cherrier, M.-P. Tetrahedron Lett. 1999, 40, 5295-5299. (h) Cutler, S. J.; Cutler, H. G.; Hamdy, M. K. Proc. Plant Growth Regul. Soc. Am. 27th 2000, 33-41. (i) Osman, A. N.; El-Gendy, A. A.; Omar, R. H.; Wagdy, L.; Omar, A. H. Indian J. Chem., B 2002, 41B, 871-874. (j) Kamal, A. ; Nallan, C. L.; Gujjar, R.; Poddutoori, R.; Olepu, S. U.S. Patent 6362331 B1, 2002.
41. For recent articles on the syntheses and bioactivities of 1,4-benzodiazepine-2,5-diones, see (a) McDowell, R. S.; Gadek, T. R.; Barker, P. L.; Burdick, D. J.; Chan, K. S.; Quan, C. L.; Skelton, N.; Strumble, M.; Thorsett, E. D.; Tischler, M.; Tom, J. Y. K.; Webb, T. R.; Burnier, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 5069-5076. (b) McDowell, R. S.; Blackburn, B. K.; Gadek, T. R.; McGee, L. R.; Rawson, T.; Reynolds, M.; Robarge, K. D.; Somers, T. C.; Thorsett, E. D.; Tischler, M.; Webb, R. R.; Venuti, M. C. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 5077-5083. (c) Webb, R. R.; Barker, P. R.; Baier, M.; Reynolds, M. E.; Robarge, K. D.; Blackburn, B. K.; Tichler, M. H.; Weese, K. J. Tetrahedron Lett. 1994, 35, 2113-2116. (d) Armstrong, R.; Combs, A.; Tempest, P.; Brown, D. ; Keating, T. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 123-131. (e) Ellman, J. A. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 9, 132-143. (f) Moroder, L.; Lutz, J.; Grams, F.; Rudolph-Böhner, S.; Ösapay, G.; Goodman, M.; Kolbeck, W. Biopolymers 1996, 38, 295-300. (g) Hulme, C.; Cherrier, M.-P. Tetrahedron Lett. 1999, 40, 5295-5299. (h) Cutler, S. J.; Cutler, H. G.; Hamdy, M. K. Proc. Plant Growth Regul. Soc. Am. 27th 2000, 33-41. (i) Osman, A. N.; El-Gendy, A. A.; Omar, R. H.; Wagdy, L.; Omar, A. H. Indian J. Chem., B 2002, 41B, 871-874. (j) Kamal, A. ; Nallan, C. L.; Gujjar, R.; Poddutoori, R.; Olepu, S. U.S. Patent 6362331 B1, 2002.
42. For recent articles on the syntheses and bioactivities of 1,4-benzodiazepine-2,5-diones, see (a) McDowell, R. S.; Gadek, T. R.; Barker, P. L.; Burdick, D. J.; Chan, K. S.; Quan, C. L.; Skelton, N.; Strumble, M.; Thorsett, E. D.; Tischler, M.; Tom, J. Y. K.; Webb, T. R.; Burnier, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 5069-5076. (b) McDowell, R. S.; Blackburn, B. K.; Gadek, T. R.; McGee, L. R.; Rawson, T.; Reynolds, M.; Robarge, K. D.; Somers, T. C.; Thorsett, E. D.; Tischler, M.; Webb, R. R.; Venuti, M. C. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 5077-5083. (c) Webb, R. R.; Barker, P. R.; Baier, M.; Reynolds, M. E.; Robarge, K. D.; Blackburn, B. K.; Tichler, M. H.; Weese, K. J. Tetrahedron Lett. 1994, 35, 2113-2116. (d) Armstrong, R.; Combs, A.; Tempest, P.; Brown, D. ; Keating, T. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 123-131. (e) Ellman, J. A. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 9, 132-143. (f) Moroder, L.; Lutz, J.; Grams, F.; Rudolph-Böhner, S.; Ösapay, G.; Goodman, M.; Kolbeck, W. Biopolymers 1996, 38, 295-300. (g) Hulme, C.; Cherrier, M.-P. Tetrahedron Lett. 1999, 40, 5295-5299. (h) Cutler, S. J.; Cutler, H. G.; Hamdy, M. K. Proc. Plant Growth Regul. Soc. Am. 27th 2000, 33-41. (i) Osman, A. N.; El-Gendy, A. A.; Omar, R. H.; Wagdy, L.; Omar, A. H. Indian J. Chem., B 2002, 41B, 871-874. (j) Kamal, A. ; Nallan, C. L.; Gujjar, R.; Poddutoori, R.; Olepu, S. U.S. Patent 6362331 B1, 2002.
43. For recent articles on the syntheses and bioactivities of 1,4-benzodiazepine-2,5-diones, see (a) McDowell, R. S.; Gadek, T. R.; Barker, P. L.; Burdick, D. J.; Chan, K. S.; Quan, C. L.; Skelton, N.; Strumble, M.; Thorsett, E. D.; Tischler, M.; Tom, J. Y. K.; Webb, T. R.; Burnier, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 5069-5076. (b) McDowell, R. S.; Blackburn, B. K.; Gadek, T. R.; McGee, L. R.; Rawson, T.; Reynolds, M.; Robarge, K. D.; Somers, T. C.; Thorsett, E. D.; Tischler, M.; Webb, R. R.; Venuti, M. C. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 5077-5083. (c) Webb, R. R.; Barker, P. R.; Baier, M.; Reynolds, M. E.; Robarge, K. D.; Blackburn, B. K.; Tichler, M. H.; Weese, K. J. Tetrahedron Lett. 1994, 35, 2113-2116. (d) Armstrong, R.; Combs, A.; Tempest, P.; Brown, D. ; Keating, T. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 123-131. (e) Ellman, J. A. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 9, 132-143. (f) Moroder, L.; Lutz, J.; Grams, F.; Rudolph-Böhner, S.; Ösapay, G.; Goodman, M.; Kolbeck, W. Biopolymers 1996, 38, 295-300. (g) Hulme, C.; Cherrier, M.-P. Tetrahedron Lett. 1999, 40, 5295-5299. (h) Cutler, S. J.; Cutler, H. G.; Hamdy, M. K. Proc. Plant Growth Regul. Soc. Am. 27th 2000, 33-41. (i) Osman, A. N.; El-Gendy, A. A.; Omar, R. H.; Wagdy, L.; Omar, A. H. Indian J. Chem., B 2002, 41B, 871-874. (j) Kamal, A. ; Nallan, C. L.; Gujjar, R.; Poddutoori, R.; Olepu, S. U.S. Patent 6362331 B1, 2002.
44. For recent articles on the syntheses and bioactivities of 1,4-benzodiazepine-2,5-diones, see (a) McDowell, R. S.; Gadek, T. R.; Barker, P. L.; Burdick, D. J.; Chan, K. S.; Quan, C. L.; Skelton, N.; Strumble, M.; Thorsett, E. D.; Tischler, M.; Tom, J. Y. K.; Webb, T. R.; Burnier, J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 5069-5076. (b) McDowell, R. S.; Blackburn, B. K.; Gadek, T. R.; McGee, L. R.; Rawson, T.; Reynolds, M.; Robarge, K. D.; Somers, T. C.; Thorsett, E. D.; Tischler, M.; Webb, R. R.; Venuti, M. C. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1994, 116, 5077-5083. (c) Webb, R. R.; Barker, P. R.; Baier, M.; Reynolds, M. E.; Robarge, K. D.; Blackburn, B. K.; Tichler, M. H.; Weese, K. J. Tetrahedron Lett. 1994, 35, 2113-2116. (d) Armstrong, R.; Combs, A.; Tempest, P.; Brown, D. ; Keating, T. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 123-131. (e) Ellman, J. A. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 9, 132-143. (f) Moroder, L.; Lutz, J.; Grams, F.; Rudolph-Böhner, S.; Ösapay, G.; Goodman, M.; Kolbeck, W. Biopolymers 1996, 38, 295-300. (g) Hulme, C.; Cherrier, M.-P. Tetrahedron Lett. 1999, 40, 5295-5299. (h) Cutler, S. J.; Cutler, H. G.; Hamdy, M. K. Proc. Plant Growth Regul. Soc. Am. 27th 2000, 33-41. (i) Osman, A. N.; El-Gendy, A. A.; Omar, R. H.; Wagdy, L.; Omar, A. H. Indian J. Chem., B 2002, 41B, 871-874. (j) Kamal, A. ; Nallan, C. L.; Gujjar, R.; Poddutoori, R.; Olepu, S. U.S. Patent 6362331 B1, 2002.
45. (5) For solid-phase synthesis of 1,4-benzodiazepine-2,5-diones, see (a) Boojamra, C. G.; Burow, K. M.; Ellman, J. A. J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 5742-5743. (b) Boojamra, C. G.; Burow, K. M.; Thompson, L. A.; Ellman, J. A. J. Org. Chem. 1997, 62, 1240-1256. (c) Goff, D. A.; Zuckermann, R. N. J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 5744-5745. (d) Mayer, J. P.; Zhang, J.; Bjergarde, K.; Lenz, D. M.; Gaudino, J. J. Tetrahedron Lett. 1996, 37, 8081-8084. (e) Hulme, C.; Peng, J.; Morton, G.; Salvino, J. M.; Herpin, T.; Labaudiniere, R. Tetrahedron Lett. 1998, 39, 7227-7230. (f) Kennedy, A. L.; Fryer, A. M.; Josey, J. A. Org. Lett. 2002, 4, 1167-1170.
46. For solid-phase synthesis of 1,4-benzodiazepine-2,5-diones, see (a) Boojamra, C. G.; Burow, K. M.; Ellman, J. A. J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 5742-5743. (b) Boojamra, C. G.; Burow, K. M.; Thompson, L. A.; Ellman, J. A. J. Org. Chem. 1997, 62, 1240-1256. (c) Goff, D. A.; Zuckermann, R. N. J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 5744-5745. (d) Mayer, J. P.; Zhang, J.; Bjergarde, K.; Lenz, D. M.; Gaudino, J. J. Tetrahedron Lett. 1996, 37, 8081-8084. (e) Hulme, C.; Peng, J.; Morton, G.; Salvino, J. M.; Herpin, T.; Labaudiniere, R. Tetrahedron Lett. 1998, 39, 7227-7230. (f) Kennedy, A. L.; Fryer, A. M.; Josey, J. A. Org. Lett. 2002, 4, 1167-1170.
47. For solid-phase synthesis of 1,4-benzodiazepine-2,5-diones, see (a) Boojamra, C. G.; Burow, K. M.; Ellman, J. A. J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 5742-5743. (b) Boojamra, C. G.; Burow, K. M.; Thompson, L. A.; Ellman, J. A. J. Org. Chem. 1997, 62, 1240-1256. (c) Goff, D. A.; Zuckermann, R. N. J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 5744-5745. (d) Mayer, J. P.; Zhang, J.; Bjergarde, K.; Lenz, D. M.; Gaudino, J. J. Tetrahedron Lett. 1996, 37, 8081-8084. (e) Hulme, C.; Peng, J.; Morton, G.; Salvino, J. M.; Herpin, T.; Labaudiniere, R. Tetrahedron Lett. 1998, 39, 7227-7230. (f) Kennedy, A. L.; Fryer, A. M.; Josey, J. A. Org. Lett. 2002, 4, 1167-1170.
48. For solid-phase synthesis of 1,4-benzodiazepine-2,5-diones, see (a) Boojamra, C. G.; Burow, K. M.; Ellman, J. A. J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 5742-5743. (b) Boojamra, C. G.; Burow, K. M.; Thompson, L. A.; Ellman, J. A. J. Org. Chem. 1997, 62, 1240-1256. (c) Goff, D. A.; Zuckermann, R. N. J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 5744-5745. (d) Mayer, J. P.; Zhang, J.; Bjergarde, K.; Lenz, D. M.; Gaudino, J. J. Tetrahedron Lett. 1996, 37, 8081-8084. (e) Hulme, C.; Peng, J.; Morton, G.; Salvino, J. M.; Herpin, T.; Labaudiniere, R. Tetrahedron Lett. 1998, 39, 7227-7230. (f) Kennedy, A. L.; Fryer, A. M.; Josey, J. A. Org. Lett. 2002, 4, 1167-1170.
49. For solid-phase synthesis of 1,4-benzodiazepine-2,5-diones, see (a) Boojamra, C. G.; Burow, K. M.; Ellman, J. A. J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 5742-5743. (b) Boojamra, C. G.; Burow, K. M.; Thompson, L. A.; Ellman, J. A. J. Org. Chem. 1997, 62, 1240-1256. (c) Goff, D. A.; Zuckermann, R. N. J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 5744-5745. (d) Mayer, J. P.; Zhang, J.; Bjergarde, K.; Lenz, D. M.; Gaudino, J. J. Tetrahedron Lett. 1996, 37, 8081-8084. (e) Hulme, C.; Peng, J.; Morton, G.; Salvino, J. M.; Herpin, T.; Labaudiniere, R. Tetrahedron Lett. 1998, 39, 7227-7230. (f) Kennedy, A. L.; Fryer, A. M.; Josey, J. A. Org. Lett. 2002, 4, 1167-1170.
50. For solid-phase synthesis of 1,4-benzodiazepine-2,5-diones, see (a) Boojamra, C. G.; Burow, K. M.; Ellman, J. A. J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 5742-5743. (b) Boojamra, C. G.; Burow, K. M.; Thompson, L. A.; Ellman, J. A. J. Org. Chem. 1997, 62, 1240-1256. (c) Goff, D. A.; Zuckermann, R. N. J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 5744-5745. (d) Mayer, J. P.; Zhang, J.; Bjergarde, K.; Lenz, D. M.; Gaudino, J. J. Tetrahedron Lett. 1996, 37, 8081-8084. (e) Hulme, C.; Peng, J.; Morton, G.; Salvino, J. M.; Herpin, T.; Labaudiniere, R. Tetrahedron Lett. 1998, 39, 7227-7230. (f) Kennedy, A. L.; Fryer, A. M.; Josey, J. A. Org. Lett. 2002, 4, 1167-1170.
51. (6) For recent reviews of combinatorial and parallel syntheses of organic molecules, see (a) Thompson, L. A.; Ellman, J. A. Chem. Rev. 1996, 96, 555-600. (b) Gordon, E. M.; Gallop, M. A.; Patel, D. V. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 144-154. (c) Balkenhohl, F.; von dem Bussche-Huennefeld, C.; Lansky, A.; Zechel, C. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 2289-2337. (d) Wilson, S. R., Czarnik, A. W., Eds.; Combinatorial Chemistry, Synthesis and Application; Wiley: New York, 1997. (e) Obrecht, D.; Villalgordo, J. M. In Solid-Supported Combinatorial and Parallel Synthesis of Small-Molecular-Weight Compound Libraries; Baldwin, J. E., Williams, R. M., Eds.; Elsevier Science: Oxford, U.K., 1998. (f) Kerwin, J. F. In Combinatorial Chemistry and Molecular Diversity in Drug Discovery; Gordon, E. M., Kerwin, J. F., Eds.; Wiley-Liss: New York, 1998; p 475. (g) Booth, R. J.; Hodges, J. C. Acc. Chem. Res. 1999, 32, 18-26. (h) Franzen, R. G. J. Comb. Chem. 2000, 2, 195-214. (i) Kirschning, A.; Monenschein, H.; Wittenberg, R. Chem. Eur. J. 2000, 6, 4445-4450. (j) Bhattacharyya, S. Curr. Med. Chem. 2001, 8, 1383-1404. (k) Bräse, S.; Gil, C.; Knepper, K. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2002, 10, 2415-2437. (l) Ganesan, A. Drug Discovery Today 2002, 7, 47-55. (m) Boyle, N. A.; Janda, K. D. Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 2002, 6, 339-346. (n) Sun, C.-M. Comb. Chem. High Throughput Screening 1999, 2, 299-318. (o) Wentworth, P. Trends Biotechnol. 1999, 17, 448-452. (p) Boger, D. L.; Goldberg, J. In Combinatorial Chemistry; Fenniri, H., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2000; pp 303-326. (q) Sugawara, T.; Cork, D. G. In Combinatorial Chemistry; Fenniri, H., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2000; pp 373-400. (r) Bhattacharyya, S. Indian J. Chem., B 2001, 40B, 878-890. (s) Weinbrenner, S. Methods Principles Med. Chem. 2000, 9, 22-46. (t) Krepinsky, J. J.; Douglas, S. P. In Solid Support Oligosaccharide Synthesis and Combinatorial Carbohydrate Libraries; Seeberger, P. H., Ed.; Wiley: New York, 2001; pp 175-199. (u) Kirschning, A.; Monenschein, H.; Wittenberg, R. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2001, 40, 650-679. (v) Hird, N.; Itoh, K. Yuki Gosei Kagaku Kyokaishi 2002, 60, 508-509.
52. For recent reviews of combinatorial and parallel syntheses of organic molecules, see (a) Thompson, L. A.; Ellman, J. A. Chem. Rev. 1996, 96, 555-600. (b) Gordon, E. M.; Gallop, M. A.; Patel, D. V. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 144-154. (c) Balkenhohl, F.; von dem Bussche-Huennefeld, C.; Lansky, A.; Zechel, C. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 2289-2337. (d) Wilson, S. R., Czarnik, A. W., Eds.; Combinatorial Chemistry, Synthesis and Application; Wiley: New York, 1997. (e) Obrecht, D.; Villalgordo, J. M. In Solid-Supported Combinatorial and Parallel Synthesis of Small-Molecular-Weight Compound Libraries; Baldwin, J. E., Williams, R. M., Eds.; Elsevier Science: Oxford, U.K., 1998. (f) Kerwin, J. F. In Combinatorial Chemistry and Molecular Diversity in Drug Discovery; Gordon, E. M., Kerwin, J. F., Eds.; Wiley-Liss: New York, 1998; p 475. (g) Booth, R. J.; Hodges, J. C. Acc. Chem. Res. 1999, 32, 18-26. (h) Franzen, R. G. J. Comb. Chem. 2000, 2, 195-214. (i) Kirschning, A.; Monenschein, H.; Wittenberg, R. Chem. Eur. J. 2000, 6, 4445-4450. (j) Bhattacharyya, S. Curr. Med. Chem. 2001, 8, 1383-1404. (k) Bräse, S.; Gil, C.; Knepper, K. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2002, 10, 2415-2437. (l) Ganesan, A. Drug Discovery Today 2002, 7, 47-55. (m) Boyle, N. A.; Janda, K. D. Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 2002, 6, 339-346. (n) Sun, C.-M. Comb. Chem. High Throughput Screening 1999, 2, 299-318. (o) Wentworth, P. Trends Biotechnol. 1999, 17, 448-452. (p) Boger, D. L.; Goldberg, J. In Combinatorial Chemistry; Fenniri, H., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2000; pp 303-326. (q) Sugawara, T.; Cork, D. G. In Combinatorial Chemistry; Fenniri, H., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2000; pp 373-400. (r) Bhattacharyya, S. Indian J. Chem., B 2001, 40B, 878-890. (s) Weinbrenner, S. Methods Principles Med. Chem. 2000, 9, 22-46. (t) Krepinsky, J. J.; Douglas, S. P. In Solid Support Oligosaccharide Synthesis and Combinatorial Carbohydrate Libraries; Seeberger, P. H., Ed.; Wiley: New York, 2001; pp 175-199. (u) Kirschning, A.; Monenschein, H.; Wittenberg, R. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2001, 40, 650-679. (v) Hird, N.; Itoh, K. Yuki Gosei Kagaku Kyokaishi 2002, 60, 508-509.
53. For recent reviews of combinatorial and parallel syntheses of organic molecules, see (a) Thompson, L. A.; Ellman, J. A. Chem. Rev. 1996, 96, 555-600. (b) Gordon, E. M.; Gallop, M. A.; Patel, D. V. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 144-154. (c) Balkenhohl, F.; von dem Bussche-Huennefeld, C.; Lansky, A.; Zechel, C. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 2289-2337. (d) Wilson, S. R., Czarnik, A. W., Eds.; Combinatorial Chemistry, Synthesis and Application; Wiley: New York, 1997. (e) Obrecht, D.; Villalgordo, J. M. In Solid-Supported Combinatorial and Parallel Synthesis of Small-Molecular-Weight Compound Libraries; Baldwin, J. E., Williams, R. M., Eds.; Elsevier Science: Oxford, U.K., 1998. (f) Kerwin, J. F. In Combinatorial Chemistry and Molecular Diversity in Drug Discovery; Gordon, E. M., Kerwin, J. F., Eds.; Wiley-Liss: New York, 1998; p 475. (g) Booth, R. J.; Hodges, J. C. Acc. Chem. Res. 1999, 32, 18-26. (h) Franzen, R. G. J. Comb. Chem. 2000, 2, 195-214. (i) Kirschning, A.; Monenschein, H.; Wittenberg, R. Chem. Eur. J. 2000, 6, 4445-4450. (j) Bhattacharyya, S. Curr. Med. Chem. 2001, 8, 1383-1404. (k) Bräse, S.; Gil, C.; Knepper, K. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2002, 10, 2415-2437. (l) Ganesan, A. Drug Discovery Today 2002, 7, 47-55. (m) Boyle, N. A.; Janda, K. D. Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 2002, 6, 339-346. (n) Sun, C.-M. Comb. Chem. High Throughput Screening 1999, 2, 299-318. (o) Wentworth, P. Trends Biotechnol. 1999, 17, 448-452. (p) Boger, D. L.; Goldberg, J. In Combinatorial Chemistry; Fenniri, H., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2000; pp 303-326. (q) Sugawara, T.; Cork, D. G. In Combinatorial Chemistry; Fenniri, H., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2000; pp 373-400. (r) Bhattacharyya, S. Indian J. Chem., B 2001, 40B, 878-890. (s) Weinbrenner, S. Methods Principles Med. Chem. 2000, 9, 22-46. (t) Krepinsky, J. J.; Douglas, S. P. In Solid Support Oligosaccharide Synthesis and Combinatorial Carbohydrate Libraries; Seeberger, P. H., Ed.; Wiley: New York, 2001; pp 175-199. (u) Kirschning, A.; Monenschein, H.; Wittenberg, R. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2001, 40, 650-679. (v) Hird, N.; Itoh, K. Yuki Gosei Kagaku Kyokaishi 2002, 60, 508-509.
54. For recent reviews of combinatorial and parallel syntheses of organic molecules, see (a) Thompson, L. A.; Ellman, J. A. Chem. Rev. 1996, 96, 555-600. (b) Gordon, E. M.; Gallop, M. A.; Patel, D. V. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 144-154. (c) Balkenhohl, F.; von dem Bussche-Huennefeld, C.; Lansky, A.; Zechel, C. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 2289-2337. (d) Wilson, S. R., Czarnik, A. W., Eds.; Combinatorial Chemistry, Synthesis and Application; Wiley: New York, 1997. (e) Obrecht, D.; Villalgordo, J. M. In Solid-Supported Combinatorial and Parallel Synthesis of Small-Molecular-Weight Compound Libraries; Baldwin, J. E., Williams, R. M., Eds.; Elsevier Science: Oxford, U.K., 1998. (f) Kerwin, J. F. In Combinatorial Chemistry and Molecular Diversity in Drug Discovery; Gordon, E. M., Kerwin, J. F., Eds.; Wiley-Liss: New York, 1998; p 475. (g) Booth, R. J.; Hodges, J. C. Acc. Chem. Res. 1999, 32, 18-26. (h) Franzen, R. G. J. Comb. Chem. 2000, 2, 195-214. (i) Kirschning, A.; Monenschein, H.; Wittenberg, R. Chem. Eur. J. 2000, 6, 4445-4450. (j) Bhattacharyya, S. Curr. Med. Chem. 2001, 8, 1383-1404. (k) Bräse, S.; Gil, C.; Knepper, K. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2002, 10, 2415-2437. (l) Ganesan, A. Drug Discovery Today 2002, 7, 47-55. (m) Boyle, N. A.; Janda, K. D. Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 2002, 6, 339-346. (n) Sun, C.-M. Comb. Chem. High Throughput Screening 1999, 2, 299-318. (o) Wentworth, P. Trends Biotechnol. 1999, 17, 448-452. (p) Boger, D. L.; Goldberg, J. In Combinatorial Chemistry; Fenniri, H., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2000; pp 303-326. (q) Sugawara, T.; Cork, D. G. In Combinatorial Chemistry; Fenniri, H., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2000; pp 373-400. (r) Bhattacharyya, S. Indian J. Chem., B 2001, 40B, 878-890. (s) Weinbrenner, S. Methods Principles Med. Chem. 2000, 9, 22-46. (t) Krepinsky, J. J.; Douglas, S. P. In Solid Support Oligosaccharide Synthesis and Combinatorial Carbohydrate Libraries; Seeberger, P. H., Ed.; Wiley: New York, 2001; pp 175-199. (u) Kirschning, A.; Monenschein, H.; Wittenberg, R. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2001, 40, 650-679. (v) Hird, N.; Itoh, K. Yuki Gosei Kagaku Kyokaishi 2002, 60, 508-509.
55. For recent reviews of combinatorial and parallel syntheses of organic molecules, see (a) Thompson, L. A.; Ellman, J. A. Chem. Rev. 1996, 96, 555-600. (b) Gordon, E. M.; Gallop, M. A.; Patel, D. V. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 144-154. (c) Balkenhohl, F.; von dem Bussche-Huennefeld, C.; Lansky, A.; Zechel, C. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 2289-2337. (d) Wilson, S. R., Czarnik, A. W., Eds.; Combinatorial Chemistry, Synthesis and Application; Wiley: New York, 1997. (e) Obrecht, D.; Villalgordo, J. M. In Solid-Supported Combinatorial and Parallel Synthesis of Small-Molecular-Weight Compound Libraries; Baldwin, J. E., Williams, R. M., Eds.; Elsevier Science: Oxford, U.K., 1998. (f) Kerwin, J. F. In Combinatorial Chemistry and Molecular Diversity in Drug Discovery; Gordon, E. M., Kerwin, J. F., Eds.; Wiley-Liss: New York, 1998; p 475. (g) Booth, R. J.; Hodges, J. C. Acc. Chem. Res. 1999, 32, 18-26. (h) Franzen, R. G. J. Comb. Chem. 2000, 2, 195-214. (i) Kirschning, A.; Monenschein, H.; Wittenberg, R. Chem. Eur. J. 2000, 6, 4445-4450. (j) Bhattacharyya, S. Curr. Med. Chem. 2001, 8, 1383-1404. (k) Bräse, S.; Gil, C.; Knepper, K. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2002, 10, 2415-2437. (l) Ganesan, A. Drug Discovery Today 2002, 7, 47-55. (m) Boyle, N. A.; Janda, K. D. Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 2002, 6, 339-346. (n) Sun, C.-M. Comb. Chem. High Throughput Screening 1999, 2, 299-318. (o) Wentworth, P. Trends Biotechnol. 1999, 17, 448-452. (p) Boger, D. L.; Goldberg, J. In Combinatorial Chemistry; Fenniri, H., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2000; pp 303-326. (q) Sugawara, T.; Cork, D. G. In Combinatorial Chemistry; Fenniri, H., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2000; pp 373-400. (r) Bhattacharyya, S. Indian J. Chem., B 2001, 40B, 878-890. (s) Weinbrenner, S. Methods Principles Med. Chem. 2000, 9, 22-46. (t) Krepinsky, J. J.; Douglas, S. P. In Solid Support Oligosaccharide Synthesis and Combinatorial Carbohydrate Libraries; Seeberger, P. H., Ed.; Wiley: New York, 2001; pp 175-199. (u) Kirschning, A.; Monenschein, H.; Wittenberg, R. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2001, 40, 650-679. (v) Hird, N.; Itoh, K. Yuki Gosei Kagaku Kyokaishi 2002, 60, 508-509.
56. For recent reviews of combinatorial and parallel syntheses of organic molecules, see (a) Thompson, L. A.; Ellman, J. A. Chem. Rev. 1996, 96, 555-600. (b) Gordon, E. M.; Gallop, M. A.; Patel, D. V. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 144-154. (c) Balkenhohl, F.; von dem Bussche-Huennefeld, C.; Lansky, A.; Zechel, C. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 2289-2337. (d) Wilson, S. R., Czarnik, A. W., Eds.; Combinatorial Chemistry, Synthesis and Application; Wiley: New York, 1997. (e) Obrecht, D.; Villalgordo, J. M. In Solid-Supported Combinatorial and Parallel Synthesis of Small-Molecular-Weight Compound Libraries; Baldwin, J. E., Williams, R. M., Eds.; Elsevier Science: Oxford, U.K., 1998. (f) Kerwin, J. F. In Combinatorial Chemistry and Molecular Diversity in Drug Discovery; Gordon, E. M., Kerwin, J. F., Eds.; Wiley-Liss: New York, 1998; p 475. (g) Booth, R. J.; Hodges, J. C. Acc. Chem. Res. 1999, 32, 18-26. (h) Franzen, R. G. J. Comb. Chem. 2000, 2, 195-214. (i) Kirschning, A.; Monenschein, H.; Wittenberg, R. Chem. Eur. J. 2000, 6, 4445-4450. (j) Bhattacharyya, S. Curr. Med. Chem. 2001, 8, 1383-1404. (k) Bräse, S.; Gil, C.; Knepper, K. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2002, 10, 2415-2437. (l) Ganesan, A. Drug Discovery Today 2002, 7, 47-55. (m) Boyle, N. A.; Janda, K. D. Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 2002, 6, 339-346. (n) Sun, C.-M. Comb. Chem. High Throughput Screening 1999, 2, 299-318. (o) Wentworth, P. Trends Biotechnol. 1999, 17, 448-452. (p) Boger, D. L.; Goldberg, J. In Combinatorial Chemistry; Fenniri, H., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2000; pp 303-326. (q) Sugawara, T.; Cork, D. G. In Combinatorial Chemistry; Fenniri, H., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2000; pp 373-400. (r) Bhattacharyya, S. Indian J. Chem., B 2001, 40B, 878-890. (s) Weinbrenner, S. Methods Principles Med. Chem. 2000, 9, 22-46. (t) Krepinsky, J. J.; Douglas, S. P. In Solid Support Oligosaccharide Synthesis and Combinatorial Carbohydrate Libraries; Seeberger, P. H., Ed.; Wiley: New York, 2001; pp 175-199. (u) Kirschning, A.; Monenschein, H.; Wittenberg, R. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2001, 40, 650-679. (v) Hird, N.; Itoh, K. Yuki Gosei Kagaku Kyokaishi 2002, 60, 508-509.
57. For recent reviews of combinatorial and parallel syntheses of organic molecules, see (a) Thompson, L. A.; Ellman, J. A. Chem. Rev. 1996, 96, 555-600. (b) Gordon, E. M.; Gallop, M. A.; Patel, D. V. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 144-154. (c) Balkenhohl, F.; von dem Bussche-Huennefeld, C.; Lansky, A.; Zechel, C. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 2289-2337. (d) Wilson, S. R., Czarnik, A. W., Eds.; Combinatorial Chemistry, Synthesis and Application; Wiley: New York, 1997. (e) Obrecht, D.; Villalgordo, J. M. In Solid-Supported Combinatorial and Parallel Synthesis of Small-Molecular-Weight Compound Libraries; Baldwin, J. E., Williams, R. M., Eds.; Elsevier Science: Oxford, U.K., 1998. (f) Kerwin, J. F. In Combinatorial Chemistry and Molecular Diversity in Drug Discovery; Gordon, E. M., Kerwin, J. F., Eds.; Wiley-Liss: New York, 1998; p 475. (g) Booth, R. J.; Hodges, J. C. Acc. Chem. Res. 1999, 32, 18-26. (h) Franzen, R. G. J. Comb. Chem. 2000, 2, 195-214. (i) Kirschning, A.; Monenschein, H.; Wittenberg, R. Chem. Eur. J. 2000, 6, 4445-4450. (j) Bhattacharyya, S. Curr. Med. Chem. 2001, 8, 1383-1404. (k) Bräse, S.; Gil, C.; Knepper, K. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2002, 10, 2415-2437. (l) Ganesan, A. Drug Discovery Today 2002, 7, 47-55. (m) Boyle, N. A.; Janda, K. D. Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 2002, 6, 339-346. (n) Sun, C.-M. Comb. Chem. High Throughput Screening 1999, 2, 299-318. (o) Wentworth, P. Trends Biotechnol. 1999, 17, 448-452. (p) Boger, D. L.; Goldberg, J. In Combinatorial Chemistry; Fenniri, H., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2000; pp 303-326. (q) Sugawara, T.; Cork, D. G. In Combinatorial Chemistry; Fenniri, H., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2000; pp 373-400. (r) Bhattacharyya, S. Indian J. Chem., B 2001, 40B, 878-890. (s) Weinbrenner, S. Methods Principles Med. Chem. 2000, 9, 22-46. (t) Krepinsky, J. J.; Douglas, S. P. In Solid Support Oligosaccharide Synthesis and Combinatorial Carbohydrate Libraries; Seeberger, P. H., Ed.; Wiley: New York, 2001; pp 175-199. (u) Kirschning, A.; Monenschein, H.; Wittenberg, R. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2001, 40, 650-679. (v) Hird, N.; Itoh, K. Yuki Gosei Kagaku Kyokaishi 2002, 60, 508-509.
58. For recent reviews of combinatorial and parallel syntheses of organic molecules, see (a) Thompson, L. A.; Ellman, J. A. Chem. Rev. 1996, 96, 555-600. (b) Gordon, E. M.; Gallop, M. A.; Patel, D. V. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 144-154. (c) Balkenhohl, F.; von dem Bussche-Huennefeld, C.; Lansky, A.; Zechel, C. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 2289-2337. (d) Wilson, S. R., Czarnik, A. W., Eds.; Combinatorial Chemistry, Synthesis and Application; Wiley: New York, 1997. (e) Obrecht, D.; Villalgordo, J. M. In Solid-Supported Combinatorial and Parallel Synthesis of Small-Molecular-Weight Compound Libraries; Baldwin, J. E., Williams, R. M., Eds.; Elsevier Science: Oxford, U.K., 1998. (f) Kerwin, J. F. In Combinatorial Chemistry and Molecular Diversity in Drug Discovery; Gordon, E. M., Kerwin, J. F., Eds.; Wiley-Liss: New York, 1998; p 475. (g) Booth, R. J.; Hodges, J. C. Acc. Chem. Res. 1999, 32, 18-26. (h) Franzen, R. G. J. Comb. Chem. 2000, 2, 195-214. (i) Kirschning, A.; Monenschein, H.; Wittenberg, R. Chem. Eur. J. 2000, 6, 4445-4450. (j) Bhattacharyya, S. Curr. Med. Chem. 2001, 8, 1383-1404. (k) Bräse, S.; Gil, C.; Knepper, K. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2002, 10, 2415-2437. (l) Ganesan, A. Drug Discovery Today 2002, 7, 47-55. (m) Boyle, N. A.; Janda, K. D. Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 2002, 6, 339-346. (n) Sun, C.-M. Comb. Chem. High Throughput Screening 1999, 2, 299-318. (o) Wentworth, P. Trends Biotechnol. 1999, 17, 448-452. (p) Boger, D. L.; Goldberg, J. In Combinatorial Chemistry; Fenniri, H., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2000; pp 303-326. (q) Sugawara, T.; Cork, D. G. In Combinatorial Chemistry; Fenniri, H., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2000; pp 373-400. (r) Bhattacharyya, S. Indian J. Chem., B 2001, 40B, 878-890. (s) Weinbrenner, S. Methods Principles Med. Chem. 2000, 9, 22-46. (t) Krepinsky, J. J.; Douglas, S. P. In Solid Support Oligosaccharide Synthesis and Combinatorial Carbohydrate Libraries; Seeberger, P. H., Ed.; Wiley: New York, 2001; pp 175-199. (u) Kirschning, A.; Monenschein, H.; Wittenberg, R. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2001, 40, 650-679. (v) Hird, N.; Itoh, K. Yuki Gosei Kagaku Kyokaishi 2002, 60, 508-509.
59. For recent reviews of combinatorial and parallel syntheses of organic molecules, see (a) Thompson, L. A.; Ellman, J. A. Chem. Rev. 1996, 96, 555-600. (b) Gordon, E. M.; Gallop, M. A.; Patel, D. V. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 144-154. (c) Balkenhohl, F.; von dem Bussche-Huennefeld, C.; Lansky, A.; Zechel, C. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 2289-2337. (d) Wilson, S. R., Czarnik, A. W., Eds.; Combinatorial Chemistry, Synthesis and Application; Wiley: New York, 1997. (e) Obrecht, D.; Villalgordo, J. M. In Solid-Supported Combinatorial and Parallel Synthesis of Small-Molecular-Weight Compound Libraries; Baldwin, J. E., Williams, R. M., Eds.; Elsevier Science: Oxford, U.K., 1998. (f) Kerwin, J. F. In Combinatorial Chemistry and Molecular Diversity in Drug Discovery; Gordon, E. M., Kerwin, J. F., Eds.; Wiley-Liss: New York, 1998; p 475. (g) Booth, R. J.; Hodges, J. C. Acc. Chem. Res. 1999, 32, 18-26. (h) Franzen, R. G. J. Comb. Chem. 2000, 2, 195-214. (i) Kirschning, A.; Monenschein, H.; Wittenberg, R. Chem. Eur. J. 2000, 6, 4445-4450. (j) Bhattacharyya, S. Curr. Med. Chem. 2001, 8, 1383-1404. (k) Bräse, S.; Gil, C.; Knepper, K. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2002, 10, 2415-2437. (l) Ganesan, A. Drug Discovery Today 2002, 7, 47-55. (m) Boyle, N. A.; Janda, K. D. Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 2002, 6, 339-346. (n) Sun, C.-M. Comb. Chem. High Throughput Screening 1999, 2, 299-318. (o) Wentworth, P. Trends Biotechnol. 1999, 17, 448-452. (p) Boger, D. L.; Goldberg, J. In Combinatorial Chemistry; Fenniri, H., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2000; pp 303-326. (q) Sugawara, T.; Cork, D. G. In Combinatorial Chemistry; Fenniri, H., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2000; pp 373-400. (r) Bhattacharyya, S. Indian J. Chem., B 2001, 40B, 878-890. (s) Weinbrenner, S. Methods Principles Med. Chem. 2000, 9, 22-46. (t) Krepinsky, J. J.; Douglas, S. P. In Solid Support Oligosaccharide Synthesis and Combinatorial Carbohydrate Libraries; Seeberger, P. H., Ed.; Wiley: New York, 2001; pp 175-199. (u) Kirschning, A.; Monenschein, H.; Wittenberg, R. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2001, 40, 650-679. (v) Hird, N.; Itoh, K. Yuki Gosei Kagaku Kyokaishi 2002, 60, 508-509.
60. For recent reviews of combinatorial and parallel syntheses of organic molecules, see (a) Thompson, L. A.; Ellman, J. A. Chem. Rev. 1996, 96, 555-600. (b) Gordon, E. M.; Gallop, M. A.; Patel, D. V. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 144-154. (c) Balkenhohl, F.; von dem Bussche-Huennefeld, C.; Lansky, A.; Zechel, C. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 2289-2337. (d) Wilson, S. R., Czarnik, A. W., Eds.; Combinatorial Chemistry, Synthesis and Application; Wiley: New York, 1997. (e) Obrecht, D.; Villalgordo, J. M. In Solid-Supported Combinatorial and Parallel Synthesis of Small-Molecular-Weight Compound Libraries; Baldwin, J. E., Williams, R. M., Eds.; Elsevier Science: Oxford, U.K., 1998. (f) Kerwin, J. F. In Combinatorial Chemistry and Molecular Diversity in Drug Discovery; Gordon, E. M., Kerwin, J. F., Eds.; Wiley-Liss: New York, 1998; p 475. (g) Booth, R. J.; Hodges, J. C. Acc. Chem. Res. 1999, 32, 18-26. (h) Franzen, R. G. J. Comb. Chem. 2000, 2, 195-214. (i) Kirschning, A.; Monenschein, H.; Wittenberg, R. Chem. Eur. J. 2000, 6, 4445-4450. (j) Bhattacharyya, S. Curr. Med. Chem. 2001, 8, 1383-1404. (k) Bräse, S.; Gil, C.; Knepper, K. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2002, 10, 2415-2437. (l) Ganesan, A. Drug Discovery Today 2002, 7, 47-55. (m) Boyle, N. A.; Janda, K. D. Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 2002, 6, 339-346. (n) Sun, C.-M. Comb. Chem. High Throughput Screening 1999, 2, 299-318. (o) Wentworth, P. Trends Biotechnol. 1999, 17, 448-452. (p) Boger, D. L.; Goldberg, J. In Combinatorial Chemistry; Fenniri, H., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2000; pp 303-326. (q) Sugawara, T.; Cork, D. G. In Combinatorial Chemistry; Fenniri, H., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2000; pp 373-400. (r) Bhattacharyya, S. Indian J. Chem., B 2001, 40B, 878-890. (s) Weinbrenner, S. Methods Principles Med. Chem. 2000, 9, 22-46. (t) Krepinsky, J. J.; Douglas, S. P. In Solid Support Oligosaccharide Synthesis and Combinatorial Carbohydrate Libraries; Seeberger, P. H., Ed.; Wiley: New York, 2001; pp 175-199. (u) Kirschning, A.; Monenschein, H.; Wittenberg, R. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2001, 40, 650-679. (v) Hird, N.; Itoh, K. Yuki Gosei Kagaku Kyokaishi 2002, 60, 508-509.
61. For recent reviews of combinatorial and parallel syntheses of organic molecules, see (a) Thompson, L. A.; Ellman, J. A. Chem. Rev. 1996, 96, 555-600. (b) Gordon, E. M.; Gallop, M. A.; Patel, D. V. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 144-154. (c) Balkenhohl, F.; von dem Bussche-Huennefeld, C.; Lansky, A.; Zechel, C. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 2289-2337. (d) Wilson, S. R., Czarnik, A. W., Eds.; Combinatorial Chemistry, Synthesis and Application; Wiley: New York, 1997. (e) Obrecht, D.; Villalgordo, J. M. In Solid-Supported Combinatorial and Parallel Synthesis of Small-Molecular-Weight Compound Libraries; Baldwin, J. E., Williams, R. M., Eds.; Elsevier Science: Oxford, U.K., 1998. (f) Kerwin, J. F. In Combinatorial Chemistry and Molecular Diversity in Drug Discovery; Gordon, E. M., Kerwin, J. F., Eds.; Wiley-Liss: New York, 1998; p 475. (g) Booth, R. J.; Hodges, J. C. Acc. Chem. Res. 1999, 32, 18-26. (h) Franzen, R. G. J. Comb. Chem. 2000, 2, 195-214. (i) Kirschning, A.; Monenschein, H.; Wittenberg, R. Chem. Eur. J. 2000, 6, 4445-4450. (j) Bhattacharyya, S. Curr. Med. Chem. 2001, 8, 1383-1404. (k) Bräse, S.; Gil, C.; Knepper, K. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2002, 10, 2415-2437. (l) Ganesan, A. Drug Discovery Today 2002, 7, 47-55. (m) Boyle, N. A.; Janda, K. D. Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 2002, 6, 339-346. (n) Sun, C.-M. Comb. Chem. High Throughput Screening 1999, 2, 299-318. (o) Wentworth, P. Trends Biotechnol. 1999, 17, 448-452. (p) Boger, D. L.; Goldberg, J. In Combinatorial Chemistry; Fenniri, H., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2000; pp 303-326. (q) Sugawara, T.; Cork, D. G. In Combinatorial Chemistry; Fenniri, H., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2000; pp 373-400. (r) Bhattacharyya, S. Indian J. Chem., B 2001, 40B, 878-890. (s) Weinbrenner, S. Methods Principles Med. Chem. 2000, 9, 22-46. (t) Krepinsky, J. J.; Douglas, S. P. In Solid Support Oligosaccharide Synthesis and Combinatorial Carbohydrate Libraries; Seeberger, P. H., Ed.; Wiley: New York, 2001; pp 175-199. (u) Kirschning, A.; Monenschein, H.; Wittenberg, R. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2001, 40, 650-679. (v) Hird, N.; Itoh, K. Yuki Gosei Kagaku Kyokaishi 2002, 60, 508-509.
62. For recent reviews of combinatorial and parallel syntheses of organic molecules, see (a) Thompson, L. A.; Ellman, J. A. Chem. Rev. 1996, 96, 555-600. (b) Gordon, E. M.; Gallop, M. A.; Patel, D. V. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 144-154. (c) Balkenhohl, F.; von dem Bussche-Huennefeld, C.; Lansky, A.; Zechel, C. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 2289-2337. (d) Wilson, S. R., Czarnik, A. W., Eds.; Combinatorial Chemistry, Synthesis and Application; Wiley: New York, 1997. (e) Obrecht, D.; Villalgordo, J. M. In Solid-Supported Combinatorial and Parallel Synthesis of Small-Molecular-Weight Compound Libraries; Baldwin, J. E., Williams, R. M., Eds.; Elsevier Science: Oxford, U.K., 1998. (f) Kerwin, J. F. In Combinatorial Chemistry and Molecular Diversity in Drug Discovery; Gordon, E. M., Kerwin, J. F., Eds.; Wiley-Liss: New York, 1998; p 475. (g) Booth, R. J.; Hodges, J. C. Acc. Chem. Res. 1999, 32, 18-26. (h) Franzen, R. G. J. Comb. Chem. 2000, 2, 195-214. (i) Kirschning, A.; Monenschein, H.; Wittenberg, R. Chem. Eur. J. 2000, 6, 4445-4450. (j) Bhattacharyya, S. Curr. Med. Chem. 2001, 8, 1383-1404. (k) Bräse, S.; Gil, C.; Knepper, K. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2002, 10, 2415-2437. (l) Ganesan, A. Drug Discovery Today 2002, 7, 47-55. (m) Boyle, N. A.; Janda, K. D. Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 2002, 6, 339-346. (n) Sun, C.-M. Comb. Chem. High Throughput Screening 1999, 2, 299-318. (o) Wentworth, P. Trends Biotechnol. 1999, 17, 448-452. (p) Boger, D. L.; Goldberg, J. In Combinatorial Chemistry; Fenniri, H., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2000; pp 303-326. (q) Sugawara, T.; Cork, D. G. In Combinatorial Chemistry; Fenniri, H., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2000; pp 373-400. (r) Bhattacharyya, S. Indian J. Chem., B 2001, 40B, 878-890. (s) Weinbrenner, S. Methods Principles Med. Chem. 2000, 9, 22-46. (t) Krepinsky, J. J.; Douglas, S. P. In Solid Support Oligosaccharide Synthesis and Combinatorial Carbohydrate Libraries; Seeberger, P. H., Ed.; Wiley: New York, 2001; pp 175-199. (u) Kirschning, A.; Monenschein, H.; Wittenberg, R. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2001, 40, 650-679. (v) Hird, N.; Itoh, K. Yuki Gosei Kagaku Kyokaishi 2002, 60, 508-509.
63. For recent reviews of combinatorial and parallel syntheses of organic molecules, see (a) Thompson, L. A.; Ellman, J. A. Chem. Rev. 1996, 96, 555-600. (b) Gordon, E. M.; Gallop, M. A.; Patel, D. V. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 144-154. (c) Balkenhohl, F.; von dem Bussche-Huennefeld, C.; Lansky, A.; Zechel, C. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 2289-2337. (d) Wilson, S. R., Czarnik, A. W., Eds.; Combinatorial Chemistry, Synthesis and Application; Wiley: New York, 1997. (e) Obrecht, D.; Villalgordo, J. M. In Solid-Supported Combinatorial and Parallel Synthesis of Small-Molecular-Weight Compound Libraries; Baldwin, J. E., Williams, R. M., Eds.; Elsevier Science: Oxford, U.K., 1998. (f) Kerwin, J. F. In Combinatorial Chemistry and Molecular Diversity in Drug Discovery; Gordon, E. M., Kerwin, J. F., Eds.; Wiley-Liss: New York, 1998; p 475. (g) Booth, R. J.; Hodges, J. C. Acc. Chem. Res. 1999, 32, 18-26. (h) Franzen, R. G. J. Comb. Chem. 2000, 2, 195-214. (i) Kirschning, A.; Monenschein, H.; Wittenberg, R. Chem. Eur. J. 2000, 6, 4445-4450. (j) Bhattacharyya, S. Curr. Med. Chem. 2001, 8, 1383-1404. (k) Bräse, S.; Gil, C.; Knepper, K. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2002, 10, 2415-2437. (l) Ganesan, A. Drug Discovery Today 2002, 7, 47-55. (m) Boyle, N. A.; Janda, K. D. Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 2002, 6, 339-346. (n) Sun, C.-M. Comb. Chem. High Throughput Screening 1999, 2, 299-318. (o) Wentworth, P. Trends Biotechnol. 1999, 17, 448-452. (p) Boger, D. L.; Goldberg, J. In Combinatorial Chemistry; Fenniri, H., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2000; pp 303-326. (q) Sugawara, T.; Cork, D. G. In Combinatorial Chemistry; Fenniri, H., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2000; pp 373-400. (r) Bhattacharyya, S. Indian J. Chem., B 2001, 40B, 878-890. (s) Weinbrenner, S. Methods Principles Med. Chem. 2000, 9, 22-46. (t) Krepinsky, J. J.; Douglas, S. P. In Solid Support Oligosaccharide Synthesis and Combinatorial Carbohydrate Libraries; Seeberger, P. H., Ed.; Wiley: New York, 2001; pp 175-199. (u) Kirschning, A.; Monenschein, H.; Wittenberg, R. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2001, 40, 650-679. (v) Hird, N.; Itoh, K. Yuki Gosei Kagaku Kyokaishi 2002, 60, 508-509.
64. For recent reviews of combinatorial and parallel syntheses of organic molecules, see (a) Thompson, L. A.; Ellman, J. A. Chem. Rev. 1996, 96, 555-600. (b) Gordon, E. M.; Gallop, M. A.; Patel, D. V. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 144-154. (c) Balkenhohl, F.; von dem Bussche-Huennefeld, C.; Lansky, A.; Zechel, C. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 2289-2337. (d) Wilson, S. R., Czarnik, A. W., Eds.; Combinatorial Chemistry, Synthesis and Application; Wiley: New York, 1997. (e) Obrecht, D.; Villalgordo, J. M. In Solid-Supported Combinatorial and Parallel Synthesis of Small-Molecular-Weight Compound Libraries; Baldwin, J. E., Williams, R. M., Eds.; Elsevier Science: Oxford, U.K., 1998. (f) Kerwin, J. F. In Combinatorial Chemistry and Molecular Diversity in Drug Discovery; Gordon, E. M., Kerwin, J. F., Eds.; Wiley-Liss: New York, 1998; p 475. (g) Booth, R. J.; Hodges, J. C. Acc. Chem. Res. 1999, 32, 18-26. (h) Franzen, R. G. J. Comb. Chem. 2000, 2, 195-214. (i) Kirschning, A.; Monenschein, H.; Wittenberg, R. Chem. Eur. J. 2000, 6, 4445-4450. (j) Bhattacharyya, S. Curr. Med. Chem. 2001, 8, 1383-1404. (k) Bräse, S.; Gil, C.; Knepper, K. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2002, 10, 2415-2437. (l) Ganesan, A. Drug Discovery Today 2002, 7, 47-55. (m) Boyle, N. A.; Janda, K. D. Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 2002, 6, 339-346. (n) Sun, C.-M. Comb. Chem. High Throughput Screening 1999, 2, 299-318. (o) Wentworth, P. Trends Biotechnol. 1999, 17, 448-452. (p) Boger, D. L.; Goldberg, J. In Combinatorial Chemistry; Fenniri, H., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2000; pp 303-326. (q) Sugawara, T.; Cork, D. G. In Combinatorial Chemistry; Fenniri, H., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2000; pp 373-400. (r) Bhattacharyya, S. Indian J. Chem., B 2001, 40B, 878-890. (s) Weinbrenner, S. Methods Principles Med. Chem. 2000, 9, 22-46. (t) Krepinsky, J. J.; Douglas, S. P. In Solid Support Oligosaccharide Synthesis and Combinatorial Carbohydrate Libraries; Seeberger, P. H., Ed.; Wiley: New York, 2001; pp 175-199. (u) Kirschning, A.; Monenschein, H.; Wittenberg, R. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2001, 40, 650-679. (v) Hird, N.; Itoh, K. Yuki Gosei Kagaku Kyokaishi 2002, 60, 508-509.
65. For recent reviews of combinatorial and parallel syntheses of organic molecules, see (a) Thompson, L. A.; Ellman, J. A. Chem. Rev. 1996, 96, 555-600. (b) Gordon, E. M.; Gallop, M. A.; Patel, D. V. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 144-154. (c) Balkenhohl, F.; von dem Bussche-Huennefeld, C.; Lansky, A.; Zechel, C. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 2289-2337. (d) Wilson, S. R., Czarnik, A. W., Eds.; Combinatorial Chemistry, Synthesis and Application; Wiley: New York, 1997. (e) Obrecht, D.; Villalgordo, J. M. In Solid-Supported Combinatorial and Parallel Synthesis of Small-Molecular-Weight Compound Libraries; Baldwin, J. E., Williams, R. M., Eds.; Elsevier Science: Oxford, U.K., 1998. (f) Kerwin, J. F. In Combinatorial Chemistry and Molecular Diversity in Drug Discovery; Gordon, E. M., Kerwin, J. F., Eds.; Wiley-Liss: New York, 1998; p 475. (g) Booth, R. J.; Hodges, J. C. Acc. Chem. Res. 1999, 32, 18-26. (h) Franzen, R. G. J. Comb. Chem. 2000, 2, 195-214. (i) Kirschning, A.; Monenschein, H.; Wittenberg, R. Chem. Eur. J. 2000, 6, 4445-4450. (j) Bhattacharyya, S. Curr. Med. Chem. 2001, 8, 1383-1404. (k) Bräse, S.; Gil, C.; Knepper, K. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2002, 10, 2415-2437. (l) Ganesan, A. Drug Discovery Today 2002, 7, 47-55. (m) Boyle, N. A.; Janda, K. D. Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 2002, 6, 339-346. (n) Sun, C.-M. Comb. Chem. High Throughput Screening 1999, 2, 299-318. (o) Wentworth, P. Trends Biotechnol. 1999, 17, 448-452. (p) Boger, D. L.; Goldberg, J. In Combinatorial Chemistry; Fenniri, H., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2000; pp 303-326. (q) Sugawara, T.; Cork, D. G. In Combinatorial Chemistry; Fenniri, H., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2000; pp 373-400. (r) Bhattacharyya, S. Indian J. Chem., B 2001, 40B, 878-890. (s) Weinbrenner, S. Methods Principles Med. Chem. 2000, 9, 22-46. (t) Krepinsky, J. J.; Douglas, S. P. In Solid Support Oligosaccharide Synthesis and Combinatorial Carbohydrate Libraries; Seeberger, P. H., Ed.; Wiley: New York, 2001; pp 175-199. (u) Kirschning, A.; Monenschein, H.; Wittenberg, R. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2001, 40, 650-679. (v) Hird, N.; Itoh, K. Yuki Gosei Kagaku Kyokaishi 2002, 60, 508-509.
66. For recent reviews of combinatorial and parallel syntheses of organic molecules, see (a) Thompson, L. A.; Ellman, J. A. Chem. Rev. 1996, 96, 555-600. (b) Gordon, E. M.; Gallop, M. A.; Patel, D. V. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 144-154. (c) Balkenhohl, F.; von dem Bussche-Huennefeld, C.; Lansky, A.; Zechel, C. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 2289-2337. (d) Wilson, S. R., Czarnik, A. W., Eds.; Combinatorial Chemistry, Synthesis and Application; Wiley: New York, 1997. (e) Obrecht, D.; Villalgordo, J. M. In Solid-Supported Combinatorial and Parallel Synthesis of Small-Molecular-Weight Compound Libraries; Baldwin, J. E., Williams, R. M., Eds.; Elsevier Science: Oxford, U.K., 1998. (f) Kerwin, J. F. In Combinatorial Chemistry and Molecular Diversity in Drug Discovery; Gordon, E. M., Kerwin, J. F., Eds.; Wiley-Liss: New York, 1998; p 475. (g) Booth, R. J.; Hodges, J. C. Acc. Chem. Res. 1999, 32, 18-26. (h) Franzen, R. G. J. Comb. Chem. 2000, 2, 195-214. (i) Kirschning, A.; Monenschein, H.; Wittenberg, R. Chem. Eur. J. 2000, 6, 4445-4450. (j) Bhattacharyya, S. Curr. Med. Chem. 2001, 8, 1383-1404. (k) Bräse, S.; Gil, C.; Knepper, K. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2002, 10, 2415-2437. (l) Ganesan, A. Drug Discovery Today 2002, 7, 47-55. (m) Boyle, N. A.; Janda, K. D. Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 2002, 6, 339-346. (n) Sun, C.-M. Comb. Chem. High Throughput Screening 1999, 2, 299-318. (o) Wentworth, P. Trends Biotechnol. 1999, 17, 448-452. (p) Boger, D. L.; Goldberg, J. In Combinatorial Chemistry; Fenniri, H., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2000; pp 303-326. (q) Sugawara, T.; Cork, D. G. In Combinatorial Chemistry; Fenniri, H., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2000; pp 373-400. (r) Bhattacharyya, S. Indian J. Chem., B 2001, 40B, 878-890. (s) Weinbrenner, S. Methods Principles Med. Chem. 2000, 9, 22-46. (t) Krepinsky, J. J.; Douglas, S. P. In Solid Support Oligosaccharide Synthesis and Combinatorial Carbohydrate Libraries; Seeberger, P. H., Ed.; Wiley: New York, 2001; pp 175-199. (u) Kirschning, A.; Monenschein, H.; Wittenberg, R. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2001, 40, 650-679. (v) Hird, N.; Itoh, K. Yuki Gosei Kagaku Kyokaishi 2002, 60, 508-509.
67. For recent reviews of combinatorial and parallel syntheses of organic molecules, see (a) Thompson, L. A.; Ellman, J. A. Chem. Rev. 1996, 96, 555-600. (b) Gordon, E. M.; Gallop, M. A.; Patel, D. V. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 144-154. (c) Balkenhohl, F.; von dem Bussche-Huennefeld, C.; Lansky, A.; Zechel, C. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 2289-2337. (d) Wilson, S. R., Czarnik, A. W., Eds.; Combinatorial Chemistry, Synthesis and Application; Wiley: New York, 1997. (e) Obrecht, D.; Villalgordo, J. M. In Solid-Supported Combinatorial and Parallel Synthesis of Small-Molecular-Weight Compound Libraries; Baldwin, J. E., Williams, R. M., Eds.; Elsevier Science: Oxford, U.K., 1998. (f) Kerwin, J. F. In Combinatorial Chemistry and Molecular Diversity in Drug Discovery; Gordon, E. M., Kerwin, J. F., Eds.; Wiley-Liss: New York, 1998; p 475. (g) Booth, R. J.; Hodges, J. C. Acc. Chem. Res. 1999, 32, 18-26. (h) Franzen, R. G. J. Comb. Chem. 2000, 2, 195-214. (i) Kirschning, A.; Monenschein, H.; Wittenberg, R. Chem. Eur. J. 2000, 6, 4445-4450. (j) Bhattacharyya, S. Curr. Med. Chem. 2001, 8, 1383-1404. (k) Bräse, S.; Gil, C.; Knepper, K. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2002, 10, 2415-2437. (l) Ganesan, A. Drug Discovery Today 2002, 7, 47-55. (m) Boyle, N. A.; Janda, K. D. Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 2002, 6, 339-346. (n) Sun, C.-M. Comb. Chem. High Throughput Screening 1999, 2, 299-318. (o) Wentworth, P. Trends Biotechnol. 1999, 17, 448-452. (p) Boger, D. L.; Goldberg, J. In Combinatorial Chemistry; Fenniri, H., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2000; pp 303-326. (q) Sugawara, T.; Cork, D. G. In Combinatorial Chemistry; Fenniri, H., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2000; pp 373-400. (r) Bhattacharyya, S. Indian J. Chem., B 2001, 40B, 878-890. (s) Weinbrenner, S. Methods Principles Med. Chem. 2000, 9, 22-46. (t) Krepinsky, J. J.; Douglas, S. P. In Solid Support Oligosaccharide Synthesis and Combinatorial Carbohydrate Libraries; Seeberger, P. H., Ed.; Wiley: New York, 2001; pp 175-199. (u) Kirschning, A.; Monenschein, H.; Wittenberg, R. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2001, 40, 650-679. (v) Hird, N.; Itoh, K. Yuki Gosei Kagaku Kyokaishi 2002, 60, 508-509.
68. For recent reviews of combinatorial and parallel syntheses of organic molecules, see (a) Thompson, L. A.; Ellman, J. A. Chem. Rev. 1996, 96, 555-600. (b) Gordon, E. M.; Gallop, M. A.; Patel, D. V. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 144-154. (c) Balkenhohl, F.; von dem Bussche-Huennefeld, C.; Lansky, A.; Zechel, C. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 2289-2337. (d) Wilson, S. R., Czarnik, A. W., Eds.; Combinatorial Chemistry, Synthesis and Application; Wiley: New York, 1997. (e) Obrecht, D.; Villalgordo, J. M. In Solid-Supported Combinatorial and Parallel Synthesis of Small-Molecular-Weight Compound Libraries; Baldwin, J. E., Williams, R. M., Eds.; Elsevier Science: Oxford, U.K., 1998. (f) Kerwin, J. F. In Combinatorial Chemistry and Molecular Diversity in Drug Discovery; Gordon, E. M., Kerwin, J. F., Eds.; Wiley-Liss: New York, 1998; p 475. (g) Booth, R. J.; Hodges, J. C. Acc. Chem. Res. 1999, 32, 18-26. (h) Franzen, R. G. J. Comb. Chem. 2000, 2, 195-214. (i) Kirschning, A.; Monenschein, H.; Wittenberg, R. Chem. Eur. J. 2000, 6, 4445-4450. (j) Bhattacharyya, S. Curr. Med. Chem. 2001, 8, 1383-1404. (k) Bräse, S.; Gil, C.; Knepper, K. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2002, 10, 2415-2437. (l) Ganesan, A. Drug Discovery Today 2002, 7, 47-55. (m) Boyle, N. A.; Janda, K. D. Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 2002, 6, 339-346. (n) Sun, C.-M. Comb. Chem. High Throughput Screening 1999, 2, 299-318. (o) Wentworth, P. Trends Biotechnol. 1999, 17, 448-452. (p) Boger, D. L.; Goldberg, J. In Combinatorial Chemistry; Fenniri, H., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2000; pp 303-326. (q) Sugawara, T.; Cork, D. G. In Combinatorial Chemistry; Fenniri, H., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2000; pp 373-400. (r) Bhattacharyya, S. Indian J. Chem., B 2001, 40B, 878-890. (s) Weinbrenner, S. Methods Principles Med. Chem. 2000, 9, 22-46. (t) Krepinsky, J. J.; Douglas, S. P. In Solid Support Oligosaccharide Synthesis and Combinatorial Carbohydrate Libraries; Seeberger, P. H., Ed.; Wiley: New York, 2001; pp 175-199. (u) Kirschning, A.; Monenschein, H.; Wittenberg, R. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2001, 40, 650-679. (v) Hird, N.; Itoh, K. Yuki Gosei Kagaku Kyokaishi 2002, 60, 508-509.
69. For recent reviews of combinatorial and parallel syntheses of organic molecules, see (a) Thompson, L. A.; Ellman, J. A. Chem. Rev. 1996, 96, 555-600. (b) Gordon, E. M.; Gallop, M. A.; Patel, D. V. Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 144-154. (c) Balkenhohl, F.; von dem Bussche-Huennefeld, C.; Lansky, A.; Zechel, C. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1996, 35, 2289-2337. (d) Wilson, S. R., Czarnik, A. W., Eds.; Combinatorial Chemistry, Synthesis and Application; Wiley: New York, 1997. (e) Obrecht, D.; Villalgordo, J. M. In Solid-Supported Combinatorial and Parallel Synthesis of Small-Molecular-Weight Compound Libraries; Baldwin, J. E., Williams, R. M., Eds.; Elsevier Science: Oxford, U.K., 1998. (f) Kerwin, J. F. In Combinatorial Chemistry and Molecular Diversity in Drug Discovery; Gordon, E. M., Kerwin, J. F., Eds.; Wiley-Liss: New York, 1998; p 475. (g) Booth, R. J.; Hodges, J. C. Acc. Chem. Res. 1999, 32, 18-26. (h) Franzen, R. G. J. Comb. Chem. 2000, 2, 195-214. (i) Kirschning, A.; Monenschein, H.; Wittenberg, R. Chem. Eur. J. 2000, 6, 4445-4450. (j) Bhattacharyya, S. Curr. Med. Chem. 2001, 8, 1383-1404. (k) Bräse, S.; Gil, C.; Knepper, K. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2002, 10, 2415-2437. (l) Ganesan, A. Drug Discovery Today 2002, 7, 47-55. (m) Boyle, N. A.; Janda, K. D. Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 2002, 6, 339-346. (n) Sun, C.-M. Comb. Chem. High Throughput Screening 1999, 2, 299-318. (o) Wentworth, P. Trends Biotechnol. 1999, 17, 448-452. (p) Boger, D. L.; Goldberg, J. In Combinatorial Chemistry; Fenniri, H., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2000; pp 303-326. (q) Sugawara, T.; Cork, D. G. In Combinatorial Chemistry; Fenniri, H., Ed.; Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2000; pp 373-400. (r) Bhattacharyya, S. Indian J. Chem., B 2001, 40B, 878-890. (s) Weinbrenner, S. Methods Principles Med. Chem. 2000, 9, 22-46. (t) Krepinsky, J. J.; Douglas, S. P. In Solid Support Oligosaccharide Synthesis and Combinatorial Carbohydrate Libraries; Seeberger, P. H., Ed.; Wiley: New York, 2001; pp 175-199. (u) Kirschning, A.; Monenschein, H.; Wittenberg, R. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2001, 40, 650-679. (v) Hird, N.; Itoh, K. Yuki Gosei Kagaku Kyokaishi 2002, 60, 508-509.
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