Neuroscience at the end of the second millennium: Change in paradigms

Zhurnal Vysshei Nervnoi Deyatelnosti Imeni I.P. Pavlova

Volumn 50, Issue 5, 2000, Pages 761-774

  Vinogradova, O S ^a  

^a INSTITUTE OF THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BIOPHYSICS   (Russian Federation)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0041684954     PISSN: 00444677     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (310)

1. Agnati L.F., Cortelli P., Biagini G. et al. Different classes of volume transmission signals exist in the central nervous system and are affected by metabolic signals, temperature gradients and pressure waves // NeuroReport. 1994. V. 6. No. 1. P. 9-12.
2. Agnati L.F., Zol M., Stromberg I., Fuxe K. Intercellular communication in the brain: wiring versus volume transmission // Neuroscience. 1995. V. 69. No. 3. P. 711-726.
3. Akaneya Y., Tsumoto T., Hatanaka H. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor blocks long-term depression in rat visual cortex // J. Neurophysiol. 1996. V. 76. No. 6. P. 4198-4201.
4. Albeck D.S., Backman C., Veng L. et al. Acute application of NGF increases the firing rate of aged rat basal forebrain neurons // Europ. J. Neurosci. 1999. V. 11. No. 7. P. 2291-2304.
5. Alderson R.F., Wiegand S.J., Anderson K.D. et al. Neurotrophin-4/5 maintaines the cholinergic phenotype of axotomized septal neurons // Europ. J. Neurosci. 1996. V. 8. No. 2. P. 282-290.
6. Amino H., Saito H., Nishiyama N. Acidic and basic fibroblast growth factor improve spatial learning impaired by fimbria-fornix lesion in rat // Proc. Japan. Acad. 1996. V. 72 Ser. B. No. 4. P. 67-72.
7. Andreasen M., Lambert J.D.C. Factors, determining the efficacy of distal excitatory synapses in rat hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons // J. Physiol. 1998. V. 507. No. 2. P. 441-462.
8. Araque A., Purpura V., Sanzgiri K.P., Haydon P.G. Tripartite synapses: glia, the unacknowledged partner // Trends in Neurosci. 1999. V. 22. No. 5. P. 208-215.
9. Araujo D.M., Cotman C.W. Trophic effects of interleukin-4, -1 and 8 on hippocampal neuronal cultures: potential involvement of glial-derived factors // Brain Res. 1993. V. 600. No. 1. P. 49-55.
10. Araujo D.M., Lapchak P.A. Induction of immune system mediators in the hippocampal formation in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases: selective effects on specific interleukines and interleukin receptors // Nauroscience. 1994. V. 61. No. 4. P. 795-754.
11. Arimatsu Y., Miyamoto M. Survival-promoting effect of NGF on in vitro septohippocampal neurons with cholinergic and GABAergic phenotypes // Developm. Brain Res. 1991. V. 58. No. 2. P. 189-201.
12. Aszteley F., Erdemli G., Kullman D.M. Extrasynaptic glutamate spillover in the hippocampus: dependence on temperature and the role of active glutamate uptake // Neuron. 1997. V. 18. No. 2. P. 281-293.
13. Babb T.L., Pretorius J.K., Kupfer W.R., Crandall P.H. Glutamate decarboxylase-immunoreactive neurons are preserved in human epileptic hippocampus // J. Neurosci. 1989. V. 9. No. 7. P. 2562-2574.
14. Ban E., Milon G., Prudhomme N. et al. Receptors for interleukin-1 (α and ß) in mouse brain: mapnine and neuronal localization in hippocampus // Neuroscience. 1991. V. 43. No. 1. P. 21-30.
15. Barnea A., Aquila-Mansilla N., Lu G., Ho R. Opposite effects of astrocyte-derived soluble factor(s) on the functional expression of fetal peptidergic neurons in aggregate cultures: enhancement of neuropeptide Y and suppression of somatostatine // J. Neurosci. Res. 1997. V. 50. No. 4. P. 605-617.
16. Bartfai T., Iverfeldt K., Brodin E., Ogren S.O. Functional consequences of coexistence of classical and peptide neurotransmitters // Progr. Brain Res. 1986. V. 68. P. 328-330.
17. Baskerville K.A., Schweitzer J.B., Herron P. Effects of cholinergic depletion on experience-dependent plasticity in the cortex of the rat // Neuroscience. 1997. V. 80. No. 4. P. 1159-1169.
18. Batchelor P.E., Liberatore G.T., Wong J.Y. et al. Activated macrophages and microglia induce dopaminergic sprouting in the injured striatum and express brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glia-derived neurotrophic factor // J. Neurosci. 1999. V. 19. No. 5. P. 1708-1716.
19. Belin M.F., Nanopulos D., Didier M. et al. Immunohistochemical evidence for the presence of GABA and serotonin in one nerve cell. A study on the raphe nuclei of the rat using antibodies to glutamate decarboxylase and serotonin // Brain Res. 1983. V. 275. No. 2. P. 329-339.
20. Bellinger F.P., Madamba S., Siggins G.R. Interleukin-1β inhibits synaptic strength and long-term potentiation in the rat CA1 hippocampus // Brain Res. 1993. V. 628. No. 1/2. P. 227-234.
21. Bentivoglio M., Florenzano F., Reng Z.C., Kristenssion K. Neuronal IFN-γ in tuberomammillary neurons // Neuro Report. 1994. V. 5. No. 18. P. 2413-2416.
22. Bergles D.E., Jahr C.E. Synaptic activation of glutamate transporters in hippocampal astrocytes // Neuron. 1997. V. 19. No. 6. P. 1297-1308.
23. Berry M., Rees L., Hall S. et al. Optic axons regenerate into sciatic nerve isografts only in the presence of Schwann cells // Brain Res. Bull. 1988. V. 20. No. 2. P. 223-231.
24. Bezzi P., Carmignoto G., Pasti L. et al. Prostaglandins stimulate calcium-dependent glutamate release in astrocytes // Nature. 1998. V. 391. No. 6664. P. 281-285.
25. Bianchi M., Ferrario P., Clavenna A., Panerai A.E. Interleukin-6 affects scopolamine-induced amnesia, but not brain amino acid levels in mice // NeuroReport. 1997. V. 8. No. 7. P. 1775-1778.
26. Bjornson C.R., Rietze R.L., Reynolds B.A. et al. Turning brain into blood: a hematopoietic fate adopted by adult neural stem cells in vivo // Science. 1999. V. 283. No. 5401. P. 534-537.
27. Bonevento G., Borredon J., Seylaz J., Lacomb P. Cerebrovascular consequences of altering serotonergic transmission in conscious rat // Brain Res. 1997. V. 767. No. 2. P. 208-213.
28. Bovenkapm K.E., David D., Lapchak P.L. et al. 6-Hydroxydopamine induces the loss of dopaminergic phenotype in substantia nigra neurons of the rat: a possible mechanism for restoration of the nigrostriatal circuit meidated by glia-derived neurotrophic factor // Exptl. Brain Res. 1996. V. 111. No. 1. P. 1-7.
29. Bragin A.G., Zhadina S.D., Vinogradova O.S., Kozhechkin S.N. Topography and some characteristics of the dentate fascia - field CA3 relations investigated in hippocampal slices in vitro // Brain Res. 1977. V. 135. No. 1. P. 55-66.
30. Bramham C.R., Southard T., Sarvey J.M. et al. Unilateral LTP triggers bilateral increases in hippocampal neurotrophin and trk receptor mRNA expression in behaving rats: evidence for interhemispheric communication // J. Compar. Neurol. 1996. V. 368. No. 3. P. 371-382.
31. Brecha N., Johnson D., Peichl L., Wassle H. Cholinergic amacrine cells of the rabbit retina contain glutamate decarboxylase and γ-aminobutyrate immunoreactivity // Pros. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA. 1988. V. 85. No. 16. P. 6187-6191.
32. Brewer G.I. Regeneration and proliferation of embryonic and adult rat hippocampal neurons in culture // Exptl. Neurol. 1999. V. 159. No. 1. P. 237-247.
33. Brezun J.M., Das Zuba A. Depletion in serotonin decreases neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus and the subventricular zone of adult rats // Neuroscience. 1999. V. 89. No. 4. P. 999-1002.
34. Buchs P.A., Muller D. Induction of long-term potentiation is associated with ultrastructural changes of activated synapses // Pros. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA. 1996. V. 93. No. 15. P. 8046-8045.
35. Buijs K.M., Wortel J., Hou Y.X. Colocalization of γ-aminobutyric acid with vasopressin, vasoactive intestinal peptide, and somatostatin in the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus // J. Compar. Neurol. 1995. V. 358. No. 3. P. 343-352.
36. Bunin M.A., Wightman K.M. Quantitative evaluation of serotonin neuronal release and uptake: an investigation of extrasynaptic transmission // J. Neurosci. 1998. V. 18. No. 13. P. 4854-4860.
37. Busto R., Dietrich W.D., Globus M.Y.T., Ginsberg M.D. Postischemic moderate hypothermia inhibits CA1 hippocampal ischemic neuronal injury // Neurosci. Lett. 1989. V. 101. No. 3. P. 299-304.
38. Butterworth N.J., Dragunow M. Medial septal cholinergic neurons express c-Jun, but do not undergo DNA fragmentation after fornix-fimbria transections // Mol. Brain Res. 1996. V. 43. No. 1/2. P. 1-12.
39. Buzsaki G., Kandel A. Somadendritic backpropagation of action potentials in cortical pyramidal cells of the awake rat // J. Neurophysiol. 1998. V. 79. No. 3. P. 1587-1591.
40. Byrne J.A., Calford M.B. Short-term expansion of receptive fields in rat primary somatosensory cortex after hindpaw digit denervation // Brain Res. 1991. V. 565. No. 2. P. 218-224.
41. Caffe A.R., Hawkins R.K.. Dezeeuw C.I. Coexistence of cholineacetyltransferase and GABA in axon terminals in the dorsal cap of the rat inferior olive // Brain Res. 1996. V. 724. No. 1. P. 136-140.
42. Calford M.B., Tweedale K. Immediate expansion of receptive fields of neurons in area 3b of macaque monkeys after digit denervation // Somatosensory Motor Res. 1991. V. 8. No. 3. P. 249-260.
43. Cameron H.A., McEwen B.S., Gould E. Regulation of adult neurogenesis by excitatory input and NMDA receptor activation in the dentate gyrus // J. Neurosci. 1995. V. 15. No. 6. P. 4687-4692.
44. Cao Y., Wilcox K.S., Martin C.E. et al. Presence of mRNA for glutamic acid decarboxylase in both excitatory and inhibitory neurons // Pros. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA. 1996. V. 93. No. 18. P. 9844-9849.
45. Carpenter M.K., Cui X., Xu Z. et al. In vitro expansion of a multipotent population of human neural progenitor cells // Exptl. Neurol. 1999. V. 158. No. 2. P. 265-278.
46. Ceranik K., Bender R., Geiger J.R.P. et al. A novel type of GABAergic interneuron connecting the input and the output regions of the hippocampus // J. Neurosci. 1997. V. 17. No. 14. P. 5380-5394.
47. Chang P.L., Isaacs K.R., Greenough W.T. Synapse formation occurs in association with the induction of long-term potentiation in two-years-old rat hippocampus in vitro // Neurobiol. Aging. 1991. V. 12. No. 5. P. 517-522.
48. Changeux J.P. Coexistence of neuronal messengers and molecular selection // Progr. Brain Res. 1986. V. 68. P. 373-403.
49. Cherkaoui J., Mayo W., Neveu P.J. et al. The nucleus basalis is involved in brain modulation of the immune system in rats // Brain Res. 1990. V. 516. No. 2. P. 345-348.
50. Chiasson B.J., Tropepe V., Morshead C.M., van der Kooy D. Adult mammalian forebriain ependymal and subependymal cells demonstrate proliferative potential, but only subependymal cells have neuronal stem cell characteristics // J. Neurosci. 1999. V. 19. No. 11. P. 4462-4471.
51. Clark G.D., Rothman S.M. Blockade of excitatory amino acid receptors protects anoxic hippocampal slices // Neuroscience. 1987. V. 21. No. 3. P. 665-671.
52. Clarke N.P., Bevan M.D., Cozzari C. et al. Glutamate-enriched cholinergic synaptic terminals in the endopeduncular nucleus and subthalamic nucleus of the rat // Neuroscience. 1997. V. 81. No. 2. P. 371-385.
53. Cohen L.G., Celnik P., Pascual-Leone A., Corwell B. Functional relevance of corss-modal plasticity in blind humans // Nautre. 1997. V. 389. No. 6647. P. 180-183.
54. Condorelli D.F., Parenti R., Spinella F. et al. Cloning of a new gap junction gene (Cx36) neurons // Europ. J. Neurosci. 1998. V. 10. No. 3. P. 1202-1208.
55. Conrad B., Benecke R., Goehmann M. Premovement silent period in fast movement initiation // Exptl. Brain Res. 1983. V. 51. No. 2. P. 310-313.
56. Corriveau R.A., Huh G.S., Shatz C.J. Regulation of class I MHC gene expression in the developing and mature CNS by neural activity // Neuron. 1998. V. 21. No. 3. P. 505-520.
57. Costa P., Castoldi A.F., Traver D.J., Costa L.G. Lack of m2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mRNA in rat lymphocytes // J. Neuroimmunol. 1994. V. 49. No. 1/2. P. 115-124.
58. Cog J.O., Xerri C. Environmental enrichment alters organizational features of the forepaw representation in the primary somatosensory cortex of adult rats // Exptl. Brain Res. 1998. V. 121. No. 2. P. 191-204.
59. Cucchiaro J.B., Bickford M.E., Sherman S.M. A GABAergic projection from the pretectum to the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus in the cat // Neuroscience. 1991. V. 41. No. 1. P. 213-226.
60. Cunningham E.T., Wada E., Carter D.B. et al. Localization of interleukin 1 receptor messenger RNA in murine hippocampus // Endocrinology. 1991. V. 128. No. 5. P. 2666-2668.
61. Cunnigham A.J., Murray C.A., O'Reill L.A.J. et al. IL-1β and TNF inhibit long-term potentiation in the rat dentate gyrus in vitro // Neurosci. Lett. 1996. V. 203. No. 1. P. 17-20.
62. Dafny N. Is interferon-alpha a neuromodulator? // Brain Res. Rev. 1998. V. 26. No. 1. P. 1-15.
63. Dafny N., Prieto-Gomez N., Dong W.Q., Reys-Vazquez C. Interferon modulates neuronal activity recorded from the hypothalamus, thalamus, hippocampus, amygdala and the somatosensory cortex // Brain Res. 1996. V. 734. No. 1/2. P. 269-274.
64. D'Arcangelo G., Grassi F., Ragozzino D. et al. Interferon inhibits synaptic potentiation in rat hippocampus // Brain Res. 1991. V. 564. No. 2. P. 245-248.
65. Deller T., Haas C.A., Naumann T. et al. Upregulation of astrocyte-derived tenascin-C correlates with neurite outgrowth in rat dentate gyrus after unilateral entorhinal cortex lesion // Neuroscience. 1997. V. 81. No. 3. P. 829-846.
66. Dermietzel R. Gap junction wiring: a "new" principle in cell-to-cell communication in the nervous system? // Brain Res. Rev. 1998. V. 26. No. 2/3. P. 176-183.
67. Desagher S., Glowinski J., Premont J. Astrocytes protect neurons from hydrogen-peroxide toxicity // J. Neurosci. 1996. V. 16. No. 8. P. 2553-2562.
68. Descarries L., Watkins K.C., Garcia S. et al. Dual character, asynaptic and synaptic, of the dopamine innervation in adult rat neostriatum: a quantitative autoradiographic and immunocytochemical analysis // J. Compar. Neurol. 1996. V. 375. No. 2. P. 167-186.
69. Descarries L., Gisiger V., Steriade M. Diffuse transmission by acetylcholine in the CNS // Progr. Neurobiol. 1997. V. 53. No. 5. P. 603-625.
70. Diamond M.E., Armstrong-James M., Ebner F.F. Experience-dependent plasticity in adult rat barrel cortex // Pros. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA. 1993. V. 90. No. 5. P. 2082-2086.
71. Do K.Q., Benz B., Sorg O. et al. β-Adrenergic stimulation promotes homocysteic acid release from astrocyte cultures // J. Neurochemistry. 1997. V. 68. No. 6. P. 2386-2394.
72. Doadi M.M., Weiss S. Generation of tyrosine-hydroxylase-producing neurons from precursors of the embryonic and adult forebrain // J. Neurosci. 1999. V. 19. No. 11. P. 4484-4497.
73. Dobbertin A., Schmid P., Gelman M. et al. Neurons promote macrophage proliferation by producing transforming growth factor-β2 // J. Neurosci. 1997. V. 17. No. 14. P. 5305-5315.
74. Doetsch G.S., Harrison T.A., MacDonald A.C., Litaker M.S. Short-term plasticity in primary somatosensory cortex of rat: rapid changes in magnitudes and latencies of neuronal responses following digit denervation // Exptl. Brain Res. 1996. V. 112. No. 3. P. 505-512.
75. Dusart I., Sotelo C. Lack of Purkinje cell loss in adult rat cerebellum following protracted axotomy: degenerative changes and regenerative attempts of the severed axons // J. Compar. Neurol. 1994. V. 347. No. 2. P. 211-232.
76. Eid T., Schwarcz R., Otterson O.P. Ultrastructure and immunocytochemical distribution of GABA in layer III of the rat medial entorhinal cortex following amynooxyacetic acid-induced seizures // Exptl Brain Res. 1999. V. 125. No. 4. P. 463-475.
77. Eilers J., Konnerth A. Dendritic signal integration // Current Opinion in Neurobiol. 1997. V. 7. No. 3. P. 385-390.
78. Engert F., Bonhoeffer T. Dendritic spine changes associated with hippocampal long-term synaptic plasticity // Nature. 1999. V. 399. No. 6731. P. 66-70.
79. Faggin B.M., Nguyen K.T., Nicolelis M.A. Immediate and simultaneous sensory reorganization at cortical and subcortical levels of the somatosensory system // Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA. 1997. V. 94. No. 17. P. 9428-9433.
80. Fan L., Young P.K., Barone F.C. et al. Experimental brain injury induces expression of interleukin-1β mRNA in the rat brain // Mol. Brain Res. 1995. V. 30. No. 1. P. 125-130.
81. Felten D.L., Felten S.Y., Bellinger D.L. et al. Noradrenergic sympathetic neural interactions with the immune system: structure and function // Immunol. Rev. 1987. No. 100. P. 225-260.
82. Figurov A., Pozzo-Miller L.D., Olafsson P. et al. Regulation of synaptic responses to high-frequency stimulation and LTP by neurotrophins in the hippocampus // Nature. 1996. V. 381. No. 6584. P. 706-709.
83. Fisher R.S., Levine M.S. Transmitter cosynthesis by corticopetal basal forebrain neurons // Brain Res. 1989. V. 491. No. 1. P. 163-168.
84. Ford B., Holmes C.J., Mainville L., Jones B.E. GABAergic neurons in the rat ponto-mesencephalic tegmentum: tegmental neurons projecting to the posterior lateral hypothalamus // J. Compar. Neurol. 1995. V. 363. No. 2. P. 177-196.
85. Frerking M., Malenka R.C., Nicoll R.A. BDNF modulates inhibitory, but not excitatory, transmission in the CA1 region of the hippocampus // J. Neurophysiol. 1998. V. 80. No. 6. P. 3383-3386.
86. Freund T.F., Meskenaite V. GABA-containing basal forebrain neurons innervate inhibitory interneurons in the neocortex // Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA. 1992. V. 89. No. 2. P. 738-742.
87. Freund T.F., Gulyas A.I. Inhibitory control of GABAergic interneurons in the hippocampus // Canad J. Physiol. and Pharmacol. 1997. V. 75. No. 5. P. 479-487.
88. Haas H.S., Schauenstein K. Neuroimmunomodulation via limbic structures: the neuroanatomy of psychoimmunology // Progr. Neurobiol. 1997. V. 51. No. 2. P. 195-222.
89. Hajos F., Staiger J.F., Halasy K. et al. Geniculo-cortical afferents form synaptc contacts with VIP immunoreactive neurons in the rat visual cortex // Neurosci. Lett. 1997. V. 228. No. 3. P. 173-182.
90. Hertz L., Dringen R., Schousboe A., Robinson S.R. Astrocytes: glutamate producers for neurons // Neurosci. Res. 1999. V. 57. No. 4. P. 417-428.
91. Hökfelt T., Holets V.B., Staines W. et al. Coexistence of neuronal messengers - an overview // Progr. Brain Res. 1986. V. 68. P. 33-70.
92. Hökfelt T. Neuropeptides in perspective: the last ten years // Neuron. 1991. V. 7. No. 6. P. 867-879.
93. Hull M., Strauss S., Berger M. et al. The participation of interleukin-6, a stress-induced cytokine, in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease // Behav. Brain Res. 1996. V. 78. No. 1. P. 37-41.
94. Gadient P.A., Otten U. Identification of interleukin-6 (IL-6)-expressing neurons in the cerebellum and hippocampus of normal adult rats // Neurosci. Lett. 1994. V. 182. No. 2. P. 243-246.
95. Gardiol A., Racca C., Triller A. Dendiritic and postsynaptic protein synthetic machinery // J. Neurosci. 1999. V. 19. No. 1. P. 168-179.
96. Gehrmann J., Matsumoto J., Kreutzberg G.W. Microglia: intrinsic immunoeffector cell of brain // Brain Res. Rev. 1995. V. 20. No. 3. P. 269-287.
97. Gilmor M.L., Counts S.E., Wiley R.G., Levey A.I. Coordinate expression of the vesicular acetylcholine transporter and choline acetyltransferase following septohippocampal pathway lesions // J. Neurochem. 1998. V. 71. No. 6. P. 2411-2420.
98. Glazewski S., Fox K. Time course of experience-dependent synaptic potentiation and depression in barrel cortex of adolescent rats // J. Neurophysiol. 1996. V. 75. No. 4. P. 1714-1729.
99. Golding N.L., Spruston N. Dendritic sodium spikes are variable triggers of axonal action potentials in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons // Neuron. 1998. V. 21. No. 5. P. 1189-1200.
100. Gonchar Y.A., Johnson P.B., Weingerg R.J. GABA-immunopositive neurons in rat neocortex with contralateral projections to SI // Brain Res. 1995. V. 637. No. 1/2. P. 27-34.
101. Gonzalo-Ruiz A., Sanz-Anquela J.M., Spencer R.F. Immunohistochemical localization of GABA in the mammillary complex of the rat // Neuroscience. 1993. V. 34. No. 1. P. 143-156.
102. Could E., Tanapat P., McEwen B.S. et al. Proliferation of granule cell precursors in the dentate gyrus of adult monkeys is diminished by stress // Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA. 1998. V. 95. No. 6. P. 3168-3171.
103. Gray W.P., Sundstrom L.E. Kainic acid increases proliferation of granule cell progenitors in the dentate gyrus of the adult rat // Brain Res. 1998. V. 790. No. 1/2. P. 52-59.
104. Gritti I., Mainville L., Jones B.E. Codistribution of GABA-with acetylcholine-synthesizing neurons in the basal forebrain of the rat // J. Compar. Neurol. 1993. V. 329. P. 438-457.
105. Gritti A., Parati E.A., Cova L. et al. Multipotential stem-cells from the adult mouse brain proliferate and selfrenew in response to basic fibroblast growth factor // J. Neurosci. 1996. V. 16. No. 3. P. 1091-1100.
106. Guizzetti M., Costa L.G. Inhibition of muscarinic receptor-stimulated glial cell proliferation by ethanol // J. Neurochem. 1996. V. 67. No. 6. P. 2236-2245.
107. Ikonomidou C., Bosch F., Miksa M. et al. Blockade of NMDA receptors and apoptotic neurodegeneration in the developing brain // Science. 1999. V. 283. No. 5398. P. 70-74.
108. Ino T., Matsuzaki S., Shinonaga Y. et al. Direct projections of non-pyramidal neurons of Ammon's horn to the amygdala and the entorhinal cortex // Neurosci. Lett. 1990. V. 115. No. 2/3. P. 161-166.
109. Ito J., Kawaguchi S., Nakajima K., Mori S. Axonal regeneration with functional restoration in the vestibulospinal tract in young rats // Neurosci. Res. 1998. V. 32. No. 2. P. 149-156.
110. Ito J., Murata M., Kawaguchi S. Spontaneous regeneration and recovery of hearing function of the central auditory pathway in young rats // Neurosci. Lett. 1999. V. 254. No. 3. P. 173-176.
111. Iversen L.L. Chemical signalling in the nervous system // Progr. Brain Res. 1986. V. 68. P. 15-21.
112. Jalonen T.O., Margraf R.R., Wielt D.B., et al. Serotonin induces inward potassium and calcium currents in rat cortical astrocytes // Brain Res. 1997. V. 758. No. 1/2. P. 69-82.
113. Johnsen F.F., Lin C.T., Schousboe A., Wu J.Y. Immunocytochemical investigation of L-glutamic acid decarboxylase in the rat hippocampal formation: the influence of transient cerebral ischemia // J. Compar. Neurol. 1989. V. 281. No. 1. P. 40-53.
114. Johansson C.B., Momma S., Clarke D.L. et al. Identification of a neural stem cells in the adult mammalian central nervous system // Cell. 1999. No. 96. No. 1. P. 25-34.
115. Kaas J.H. Plasticity of sensory and motor maps in adult mammals // Ann. Rev. Neurosci. 1991. V. 14. P. 137-167.
116. Kadota T., Mizote M., Kadota K. Synaptic spinules attendant on posttetanic potentiation in cat sympathetic ganglion // Proc. Japan Acad. 1996. V. 72. Ser. B, 3. P. 48-51.
117. Kandler K., Katz L.C. Coordination of neuronal activity in developing visual cortex by gap junction-mediated biochemical communication // J. Neurosci. 1998. V. 18. No. 4. P. 1419-1427.
118. Kanter E.D., Kapur A., Haberly L.B. A dendritic GABA-mediated IPSP regulates facilitation of NMDA-mediated responses to burst stimulation of afferent fibers in piriform cortex // J. Neurosci. 1996. V. 16. No. 1. P. 307-312.
119. Kass J.S., Lipton P. Protection of hippocampal slices from young rats against anoxic transmission damage is due to better maintenance of ATP // J. Physiol. 1989. V. 413. P. 1-11.
120. Kawai S., Yonetani M., Nakamura H., Okada Y. Effects of deprivation of oxygen and glucose on the neural activity and the level of high energy phosphates in the hippocampal slices of immature and adult rat // Developm. Brain Res. 1989. V. 48. No. 1. P. 11-18.
121. Kempermann G., Kuhn H.G., Gage F.H. More hippocampal neurons in adult mice living in an enriched environment // Nature. 1997. V. 386. No. 6624. P. 493-495.
122. Kempermann G., Kuhn H.G., Gage F.H. Experience-induced neurogenesis in the senescent dentate gyrus // J. Neurosci. 1998. V. 18. No. 9. P. 3206-3212.
123. Kesslak J.P., So V., Choi J. et al. Learning upregulates brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA: a mechanism to facilitate encoding and circuit maintenance? // Behav. Neurosci. 1998. V. 112. No. 4. P. 101-119.
124. Kettenmann H., Ransom B.R. (Eds.) Neuroglia // Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press. 1995. P. 1079.
125. Kikukawa S., Kawaguchi S., Mizoguchi A. et al. Regeneration of dorsal column axons after spinal cord injury in young rats // Neurosci. Lett. 1998. V. 24. No. 2/3. P. 135-138.
126. Kimura T., Ju J.G., Edvinssion L., Leo T.J.F. Cholinergic, nitric oxidergic innervation in cerebral arteries of the cat // Brain Res. 1997. V. 773. No. 1/2. P. 117-124.
127. Kirov S.A., Sorra K.E., Harris K.M. Slices have more synapses than perfusion-fixed hippocampus from both young and mature rats // J. Neurosci. 1999. V. 19. No. 7. P. 2876-2886.
128. Kiss J., Buzsaki G., Morrow J.S. et al. Entorhinal cortical innervation of parvalbumin-containing neurons (basket and chandellier cells) in the rat Ammon's horn // Hippocampus. 1996. V. 6. No. 3. P. 239-246.
129. Knipper M., Leung L.S., Zhao D., Rylett R.J. Short-term modulation of glutamatergic synapses in adult rat hippocampus by NGF // NeuroReport. 1994. V. 5. No. 18. P. 2433-2436.
130. Koenig E., Giuditta A. Protein-synthetizing machinery in the axon compartment // J. Neuroscience. 1999. V. 89. No. 1. P. 5-15.
131. Komuro H., Rakic P. Modulation of neuronal migration by NMDA receptors // Science. 1993. V. 260. No. 5104. P. 95-97.
132. Konishi Y., Komegai M., Tahohashi K. et al. Production of interleukin-3 by murine central nervous system neurons // Neurosci. Lett. 1994. V. 182. No. 2. P. 271-274.
133. Kordower J.H., Burke-Watson M., Roback J.D., Wainer B.H. Stability of septohippocampal neurons following excitotixic lesions of the rat hippocampus // Exptl. Neurol. 1992. V. 117. No. 1. P. 1-16.
134. Krimer L.S., Muly E.S., Williams G.V., Goldman-Rakic S.P. Dopaminergic regulation of cerebral cortical microcirculation // Nature Neurosci. 1999. V. 1. No. 4. P. 286-289.
135. Kujala T., Alho K., Kekoni J., Hämäläinen H. Auditory and somatosensory event-related brain potentials in early blind humans // Exptl Brain Res. 1995. V. 104. No. 3. P. 519-526.
136. Kukekov V.G., Laywell E.D., Suslov O. et al. Multipotent stem/progenitor cells with similar properties arise from two neurogenic regions of adult human brain // Exptl Neurol. 1999. V. 156. No. 2. P. 333-344.
137. Labeur M., Nahmod V.E., Finkielman S., Artz E. Lesions of medial septal nucleus produce a long-lasting inhibition of T lymphocyte proliferation // Neurosci. Lett. 1991. V. 125. No. 2. P. 129-132.
138. Lams B.E., Isacson O., Sofroniew M.V. Loss of transmitter-associated enzyme staining following axotomy does not indicate death of brainstem cholinergic neurons // Brain Res. 1988. V. 475. No. 2. P. 401-406.
139. Lapchak P.A., Araujo D.M., Quirion R., Beaudet A. Immunoautoradiographic localization of interleukin-2-like immunoreactivity and interleukin-2 receptors in the rat brain // Neuroscience. 1991. V. 44. No. 1. P. 173-184.
140. Larkum M.E., Rioult M.G., Lüscher H.R. Propagation of action potentials in the dendrites of neurons from rat spinal cord slice cultures // J. Neurophysiol. 1996. V. 75. No. 1. P. 154-170.
141. Lavdas A.A., Blue M.E., Lincoln J., Parnavelas J.G. Serotonin promotes the differentiation of glutamate neurons in organotypic slice cultures of the developing cerebral cortex // J. Neurosci. 1997. V. 19. No. 20. P. 7872-7880.
142. Lavoie B., Parent A. Pedunculopontine nucleus in the squirrel monkey: distribution of cholinergic and monoaminergic neurons in the mesopontine tegmentum with evidence for the presence of glutamate in cholinergic neurons // J. Compar. Neurol. 1994. V. 344. No. 2. P. 190-209.
143. Lehmann H., Ebert U., Loscher W. Immunocytochemical localization of GABA immunoreactivity in dentate granule cells of normal and kindled rats // Neurosci. Lett. 1996. V. 212. No. 1. P. 41-44.
144. Leonard B.W., Barnes C.A., Rao G. et al. The influence of postmortem delay on evoked hippocampal field potentials in the in vitro slice preparation // Exptl Neurol. 1991. V. 113. No. 3. P. 373-377.
145. Lessman V., Heumann R. Modulation of unitary glutamatergic synapses by neurotrophin 4/5 or brain-derived neurotrophic factor in hippocampal microcultures: presynaptic enhancement depends on pre-established paired-pulse facilitation // Neuroscience. 1998. V. 86. No. 2. P. 399-413.
146. Levine E.S., Dreyfus C.E., Black J.B., Plummer M.R. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor rapidly enhances synaptic transmission in hippocampal neurons via postsynaptic tyrosine kinase receptors // Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA. 1995. V. 92. No. 17. P. 8074-8077.
147. Levine E.S., Crozier R.A., Black J.B., Plummer M.R. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor modulates hippocampal synaptic transmission by increasing NMDA receptor activity // Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA. 1998. V. 95. No. 17. P. 10235-10239.
148. Li A.J., Katafuchi T., Oda S. et al. Interleukin-6 inhibits long-term potentiation in rat hippocampal slices // Brain Res. 1997. V. 748. No. 1/2. P. 30-38.
149. Li Y.X., Zhang J., Lester H.A. et al. Enhancement of neurotransmitter release induced by brain-derived neurotrophic factor in cultured hippocampal neurons // J. Neurosci. 1998. V. 18. No. 24. P. 10231-10240.
150. Lieske V., Bennet-Clarke C.A., Rhoades K.W. Effects of serotonin on neurite outgrowth from thalamic neurons in vitro // Neuroscience. 1999. V. 90. No. 3. P. 967-974.
151. Lin C.S., Nicolelis M.A.L., Schneider J.S., Chapin J.K. A major direct GABAergic pathway from zona incerta to neocortex // Science. 1990. V. 248. No. 4962. P. 1553-1556.
152. A receptors mediate trophic effects of GABA on embryonic brainstem monoamine neurons in vitro // J. Neurosci. 1997. V. 17. No. 7. P. 2420-2428.
153. Liu J., Solway K., Messing R.O., Sharp F.R. Increased neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus after transient global ischemia in gerbils // J. Neurosci. 1998. V. 18. No. 19. P. 7768-7778.
154. Liu S., Kadi K., Boisset N. et al. Reinnervation of denervated lumbar ventral roots and their target muscle by thoracic spinal motoneurons via an implanted nerve autograft in adult rats after spinal cord injury // J. Neurosci. Res. 1999. V. 56. No. 5. P. 506-517.
155. A current by astrocytes in cultured embryonic rat hippocampal neurons // J. Neurosci. 1996. V. 16. No. 9. P. 2912-2923.
156. Loevenstein W.R. The cell-to-cell channel of gap junctions // Cell. 1987. V. 48. No. 5. P. 425-426.
157. Lu X., Hagg T. Glia-derived neurotrophic factor prevents death, but not reductions in tyrosine hydroxylase, of injured nigrostriatal neurons in adult rats // J. Compar. Neurol. 1997. V. 388. No. 3. P. 484-494.
158. Lübbers K., Wolf J.R., Frotscher M. Neurogenesis of GABAergic neurons in the rat dentae gyrus: a combined autoradiographic and immunocytochemical study // Neurosci. Lett. 1985. V. 62. No. 3. P. 317-322.
159. Lujan R., Nusser Z., Roberts J.D.B. et al. Perisynaptic location of metabotropic glutamate receptors mGLU1 and mGLU5 on dendrites and dendritic spines in the rat hippocampus // Europ. J. Neurosci. 1996. V. 8. No. 7. P. 1488-1500.
160. Luk W.P., Zhang Y., White T.D. et al. Adenosine: a mediator of interleukin 1β-induced hippocampal synaptic inhibition // J. Neurosci. 1999. V. 19. No. 11. P. 4238-4244.
161. McAllisher A.M., Katz L.C., Lo D.C. Neurotrophins and synaptic plasticity // Ann. Rev. Neurosci. 1999. V. 22. P. 295-318.
162. McKay R. Stem cells in the central nervous system // Science. 1997. V. 276. No. 5309. P. 66-71.
163. Malonek D., Dirnagl U., Lindauer U. et al. Vascular imprints of neuronal activity: relationships between the dynamics of cortical blood flow, oxygenation, and volume changes following sensory stimulation // Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA. 1997. V. 94. No. 26. P. 14826-14831.
164. Markakis E.A., Gage F.H. Adult-generated neurons in the dentate gyrus send axonal projections to field CA3 and are surrounded by synaptic vesicles // J. Compar. Neurol. 1999. V. 406. No. 4. P. 449-460.
165. Mattson M.P. Neurotransmitters in the regulation of neuronal cytoarchitecture // Brain Res. Rev. 1988. V. 13. No. 2. P. 179-212.
166. Mednikova Y.S., Karnup S.V., Loseva E.V. Cholinergic excitation of dendrites in neocortical neurons // Neuroscience. 1998. V. 87. No. 4. P. 783-796.
167. Meier E., Hertz L., Schousboe A. Neurotransmitters as developmental signals // Neurochem. Intern. 1991. V. 19. No. 1/2. P. 1-15.
168. Meldrum B.S., Evans M.C., Swan J.H., Simon R.P. Protection against hypoxic/ischaemic brain damage with excitatory amino acid antagonists // Med. Biol. 1987. V. 65. No. 2/3. P. 153-157.
169. Minelli A., De Biasi S., Brecha N.C. et al. GAT-3, a high-affinity GABA plasma membrane transporter, is localized to astrocytic processes, and it is not confined to the vicinity of GABAergic synapses in the cerebral cortex // J. Neurosci. 1996. V. 16. No. 19. P. 6255-6264.
170. Moises H.C., Womble M.D., Washburn M.S., Williams L.R. Nervous growth factor facilitates cholinergic neurotransmission between nucleus basalis and the amygdala in rat: an electrophysiological analysis // J. Neurosci. 1995. V. 15. No. 12. P. 8131-8142.
171. Montaron M.F., Petry K.G., Rodriguez J.J. et al. Adrenalectomy increases neurogenesis but not PSA-NCAM expression in aged dentate gyrus // Europ. J. Neurosci. 1999. V. 11. No. 4. P. 1479-1485.
172. Moretto G., Walker D.G., Lanteri P. et al. Expression and regulation of GDNF mRNA in human astrocytes in vitro // Cell. Tiss. Res. 1996. V. 286. No. 2. P. 257-262.
173. Mufson E.J., Conner J.M., Varon S., Kordower J.H. Nervous growth factor-like immunoreactive profiles in the primate basal forebrain and hippocampal formation // J. Compar. Neurol. 1994. V. 341. No. 4. P. 507-519.
174. Murray C.A., McGaton B., McBennett S., Lynch MA. Interleukin-1β inhibits glutamate release in hippocampus of young, but not aged rats // Neurobiol. Aging. 1997. V. 18. No. 3. P. 343-348.
175. Nicolelis M.A.L., Chapin J.K., Lin R.C.S. Neonatal whisker removal in rats stabilizes a trasient projection from the auditory thalamus to the primary somatosensory cortex // Brain Res. 1991. V. 567. No. 1. P. 133-139.
176. Micolelis M.A.L., Lin R.C.S., Woodward D.J., Chapin J.K. Induction of immediate spatio-temporal changes in thalamic networks by peripheral block of ascending cutaneous information // Nature. 1993. V. 361. No. 6412. P. 533-536.
177. Nistico G., De Sarro G. Is interleukin 2 a neuromodulator in the brain? // Trends in Neurosci. 1991. V. 14. No. 4. P. 146-150.
178. Nitsch R., Leranth C. GABAergic neurons in the rat dentate gyrus are innervated by subcortical calretinin-containing afferents // J. Compar. Neurol. 1996. V. 364. No. 3. P. 425-438.
179. Niu H., Hinkle D.A., Wise P.M. Dexamethasone regulated basic fibroblast growth factor, nervous growth factor and S100β expression in cultured hippocampal astrocytes // Mol. Brain Res. 1997. V. 51. No. 1/2. P. 97-105.
180. Nudo R.J., Jenkins W.M., Merzenich M.M. Repetitive microstimulation alters the cortical representation of movements in adult rats // Somatosensory Motor Res. 1990. V. 7. No. 4. P. 463-483.
181. O'Connell C., O'Malley A., Regan C.M. Transient, learning-induced ultrastructural change in spatially-clusterd dentate granule cells of the adult rat hippocampus // Neuroscience. 1997. V. 76. No. 1. P. 55-62.
182. Oitzl M.S., van Oers H., Schöbitz B., de Kloet E.R. Interleukin-1β but not interleukin-6, impairs spatial navigation learning // Brain Res. 1993. V. 613. No. 1. P. 160-163.
183. Okada Y., Tanimoto M., Yoneda K. The protective effect of hypothermia on reversibility in the neuronal function of the hippocampal slices during long lasting anoxia // Neurosci. Lett. 1988. V. 84. No. 3. P. 277-282.
184. O'Malley A., O'Connel C., Regan C.M. Ultrastructural analysis reveals avoidance conditioning to induce a transient increase in hippocampal dentate spine density in the 6 hour post-training period of consolidation // Neuroscience. 1998. V. 87. No. 3. P. 607-613.
185. Orzylowska O., Oderfeld-Nowak B., Zaremba M. et al. Proponged and concomitant induction of astroglial immunoreactivity of IL-β and IL-6 in rat hippocampus after transient global ischemia // Neurosci. Lett. 1999. V. 263. No. 1. P. 72-76.
186. Pabbathi V.R., Brennan H., Muxworthy A. et al. Catecholaminergic regulation of proliferation and survival in rat forebrain paraventricular germinal cells // Brain Res. 1997. V. 760. No. 1/2. P. 22-23.
187. Pakhotin P.I., Belousov A.B., Otmakhov N.A. Functional stability of the brain slices of ground squirrels, Citellus undulatus, kept in conditions of prolonged deep periodic hypothermia: electrophysiological criteria // Neuroscience. 1990. V. 38. No. 3. P. 586-598.
188. Palazzolo D.L., Quadri S.K. Interleukin-1 stimulates catecholamine release from the hypothalamus // Life Science. 1990. V. 47. No. 23. P. 2105-2109.
189. Parent J.M., Yu T.W., Leibowitz R.T. et al. Dentate granule cells neurogenesis is increased by seizures and contributes to aberrant network reorganization in the adult rat hippocampus // J. Neurosci. 1997. V. 17. No. 10. P. 3727-3738.
190. Paspalas C.D., Papadopoulos G.C. Ultrastuctural evidence for combined action of noradrenaline and vasoactive intestinal peptide upon neurons, astrocytes, and blood vessels of the rat cerebral cortex // Brain Res. Bull. 1998. V. 45. No. 3. P. 247-259.
191. Peretto P., Merighi A., Fasolo A., Bonfanti L. The subependimal layer in rodents: a site of structural plasticity and cell migration in the adult mammalian brain // Brain Res. Bull. 1999. V. 49. No. 4. P. 221-243.
192. Petitto J.M., McNamura R.R., Gendreau P.L. et al. Impaired learning and memory and altered hippocampal neurodevelopment resulting from interleukin-2 gene deletion // J. Neurosci. Res. 1999. V. 56. No. 4. P. 441-446.
193. Pfrieger F.W., Barres B.A. Synaptic efficacy enhanced by glial cells in vitro // Science. 1997. V. 277. No. 5332. P. 1684-1687.
194. Philippe E., Gaulin F., Delagrave C., Geffard M. Expression of GABA-immunoreactivity by spinal motoneurons of some vertebrates // Neuroscience. 1990. V. 116. No. 1/2. P. 12-16.
195. Pimenta A.F., Zhukareva V., Barbe M.F. et al. The limbic-system-associated membrane protein is an Ig superfamily member that mediates selective neuronal growth and axon targeting // Neuron. 1995. V. 15. No. 2. P. 287-297.
196. Pinault D. Backpropagation of action potentials generated at ectopic axnal loci: hypothesis that axon terminals integrate local environmental signals // Brain Res. Rev. 1995. V. 21. No. 1. P. 42-92.
197. Porter J.T., McCarthy K.D. Hippocampal astrocytes in situ respond to glutamate released from synaptic terminals // J. Neurosci. 1996. V. 16. No. 16. P. 5073-5081.
198. Porter J.T., McCarthy K.D. Astrocytic neurotransmitter receptors in situ and in vivo // Progr. Neurobiol. 1997. V. 51. No. 4. P. 439-455.
199. Potter E.D., Ling L.D., Carvey P.M. Cytokine induced conversion of mesencephalic-derived progenitor cells into dopamine neurons // Cell. Tiss. Res. 1999. V. 296. No. 2. P. 296-346.
200. Rada P., Mark G.P., Vitek P. Interleukin-1β decreases acetylcholine measured by microdialysis in the hippocampus of freely moving rats // Brain Res. 1991. V. 550. No. 2. P. 287-290.
201. Raley-Susman K.M., Lipton P. In vitro ischemia and portein synthesis in the rat hippocampal slice: the role of calcium and NMDA receptor activation // Brain Res. 1990. V. 515. No. 1/2. P. 27-388.
202. Rameshwar P., Gascon P., Ganea D. Immunoregulatory effects of interleukin-2 production by substance P // J. Neuroimmunol. 1992. V. 37. No. 1/2. P. 65-74.
203. Ramon-y-Cajal S., May R.T. Degeneration and Regeneration of the Nervous System. V. II // N.Y.: Hatner. 1959. 750 p.
204. Ransell E., Jones E.G. Extent of intracortical arborization of thalamocortical axons as a determinant of representational plasticity in monkey somatic sensory cortex // J. Neurosci. 1995. V. 15. No. 6. P. 4270-4288.
205. Rauschecker J.P., Tian B., Korte M., Egert U. Crossmodal changes in the somatosensory vibrissa/barrel system of visually deprived animals // Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA. 1992. V. 89. No. 11. P. 5063-5067.
206. Rocha M., Sur M. Rapid acquisition of dendritic spines by visual thalamic neurons after blockade of NMDA receptors // Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA. 1995. V. 92. No. 17. P. 8026-8030.
207. Rodriguez M., Mantolan-Sarmiento B., Gonzalez-Hernandez T. Effects of ethylcholine mustard aziridinium ion (AF64A) on the choline acetyltransferase and nitric oxid synthase activities in mesopontine cholinergic neurons of the rat // Neuroscience. 1998. V. 82. No. 3. P. 853-866.
208. Rorig B., Sutor B. Regulation of gap junction coupling in the developing neocortex // Molec. Neurobiol. 1996. V. 12. No. 3. P. 225-249.
209. A receptors and glomerular geometry // Neuron. 1998. V. 20. No. 4. P. 783-795.
210. Roy S., Loh H.H. Effects of opioids on the immune system // Neurochem. Res. 1996. V. 21. No. 11. P. 1375-1386.
211. Ruberti F., Baretta N., Cattaneo A., Cherubini E. NGF antibodies impair long-term potentiation at the mossy fibre-CA3 synapse in the developing hippocampus // Developm. Brain Res. 1997. V. 101. No. 1/2. P. 295-297.
212. Rubio N. Mouse astrocytes store and deliver brain-derived neurotrophic factor using non-catalytic gp95 (trk B) receptor // Europ. J. Neurosci. 1997. V. 9. No. 9. P. 1847-1853.
213. Rudkin T.M., Sadikot A.F. Thalamic input to parvalbumine GABAergic interneurons: organization in normal striatum and effect of neonatal decortication // Neuroscience. 1999. V. 88. No. 4. P. 1165-1175.
214. Rusakov D.A., Kullmann D.M. Extrasynaptic glutamate diffusion in the hippocampus: ultrastructural constrains, uptake, and receptor activation // J. Neurosci. 1998. V. 18. No. 9. P. 3158-3170.
215. Sachdev R.N.S., Lu S.M., Wiley R.G., Ebner F.F. Role of the basal forebrain cholinergic projection in somatosensory cortical plasticity // J. Neurophysiol. 1998. V. 79. No. 6. P. 3216-3228.
216. Sala R., Viegi A., Rossi F.M. et al. Nervous growth factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor increase neurotransmitter release in the rat visual cortex // Europ. J. Neurosci. 1998. V. 10. No. 6. P. 2185-2191.
217. Sandler R., Smith A.D. Coexistence of GABA and glutamate in mossy fiber terminals of the primate hippocampus: an ultrastructural study // J. Compar. Neurol. 1991. V. 303. No. 2. P. 177-192.
218. Scanziani M., Gähwiler B.N., Charpak S. Target cell-specific modulation of transmitter release at terminals from a single axon // Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA. 1998. V. 95. No. 20. P. 12004-12009.
219. Schmid L.M., Rosa M.G.P., Calford M.B. Retinal detachment induces massive immediate reorganization in visual cortex // NeuroReport. 1995. V. 6. No. 9. P. 1349-1353.
220. Schuman E.M. Neurotrophin regulation of synaptic transmission // Current Opin. Neurobol. 1999. V. 9. No. 1. P. 105-109.
221. Schwartz M., Moalem G., Leibowitz-Amit R., Cohen J.R. Innate and adaptive immune responses can be beneficial for CNS repair // Trends in Neurosci. 1999. V. 22. No. 7. P. 295-299.
222. Schwindt P.C., Crill W.E. Synaptically evoked dendritic action potentials in rat neocortical pyramidal neurons // J. Neurophysiol. 1998. V. 79. No. 5. P. 2432-2446.
223. Scott B.W., Wong S., Burnham W.M., Wojtowicz J.M. Kindling-induced neurogenesis in the dentale gyrus of the rat // Neurosci. Lett. 1998. V. 248. No. 2. P. 73-76.
224. Sejnowski T.J. The year of the dendrite // Science. 1997. V. 275. No. 5297. P. 178-179.
225. Sher P.K., Hu S. GABA accumulating neurons are relatively resistant to chronic hypoxia in vitro: an autoradiographic study // Brain Res. Bull. 1990. V. 25. No. 5. P. 697-701.
226. Shin H.C., Park S., Son J., Sohn J.H. Responses from new receptive fields of VPL neurones following deafferentation // NeuroReport. 1995. V. 7. No. 1. P. 33-36.
227. Shitabuddin L.S., Ray J., Gage F.H. FGF-2 is sufficient to isolate progenitors found in the adult mammalian spinal cord // Exptl Neurol. 1997. V. 148. No. 2. P. 577-586.
228. Simmons M.L., Terman G.W., Gibbs S.M., Chavkin C. L-type calcium channels mediate dynorphin neuropeptide release from dendrites but not axons of hippocampal granule cells // Neuron. 1995. V. 14. No. 6. P. 1265-1272.
229. Simon A.M., Goodenough D.A. Diverse functions of vertebrate gap junctions // Trends Cell. Biol. 1998. V. 8. No. 12. P. 477-483.
230. Song D.K., Choe B., Bae J.H. et al. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor rapidly potentiates synaptic transmission through NMDA, but suppresses in through non-NMDA receptors in rat hippocampal neurons // Brain Res. 1998. V. 799. No. 1. P. 176-179.
231. Song C., Merali Z., Anisman H. Variations of nucleus accumbens dopamine and serotonin following systemic IL-1, IL-2 or IL-6 treatment // Neuroscience, 1999. V. 88. No. 3. P. 823-836.
232. Soriano E., Cobas A., Fairén A. Asynchronism in the neurogenesis of GABAergic and non-GABAergic neurons in the mouse hippocampus // Developm. Brain Res. 1986. V. 30. No. 1. P. 88-92.
233. Sossin W.S., Sweet-Cordero A., Scheller R.H. Dale's hypothesis revisited; differential neuropeptides derived from a common prohormone are targeted to different processes // Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA. 1990. V. 87. No. 12. P. 4845-4848.
234. Spengler F., Dinse H.R. Reversible relocation of representational boundaries of adult rats by intracortical microstimulation // NeuroReport. 1994. V. 5. No. 8. P. 949-953.
235. Spoerri P.E. Neurotrophic effects of GABA in cultures of embryonic chick brain and retina // Synapse. 1988. V. 1. P. 11-22.
236. Spray D.C., Dermietzel R. X-linked dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and other potential gap-junction diseases of the nervous system // Trends in Neurosci. 1995. V. 18. No. 6. P. 256-262.
237. Stamp Y.A., Semba K. Extent of colocalization of serotonin and GABA in the neurons of the rat raphe nuclei // Brain Res. 1955. V. 677. No. 1. P. 39-49.
238. Stichel C.C., Lips R., Wuderlich G., Müller H.W. Reconstruction of transected postocomissural fornix in adult rat by Shwann cell suspension grafts // Exptl Neurol. 1996. V. 140. No. 1. P. 21-36.
239. Stronetta K.L., Guyenet P.G. Distribution of glutamic acid decarboxylase mRNA-containing neurons in rat medulla projecting to thoracic spinal cord in relation to monoaminergic brainstem neurons // J. Compar. Neurol. 1999. V. 407. No. 3. P. 367-380.
240. Sugahara M., Shiraishi H. Synaptic density of the prefrontal cortex regulated by dopamine instead of serotonin in rats // Brain Res. 1998. V. 814. No. 1/2. P. 143-156.
241. Sulzer D., Joyce M.P., Lin L. et al. Dopamine neurons make glutamatergic synapses in vitro // J. Neurosci. 1998. V. 18. No. 12. P. 4588-4602.
242. Svendsen C.N. u Sofroniew M.V. Do CNS neurons require target-derived neurotrophic support for survival throughout adult life and aging? // Perspect Developm. Neurobiol. 1996. V. 3. No. 2. P. 133-142.
243. Svoboda K., Helmchen F., Denk W., Tank D.W. Spread of dendritic excitation in layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons in rat barrel crotex in vivo // Nature Neurosci. 1999. V. 2. No. 1. P. 65-73.
244. Takenaka T., Kawakami T., Hori H. et al. Axoplasmic transport and its signal transduction mechanism // Japan. J. Physiol. 1998. V. 48. No. 6. P. 413-420.
245. A synaptic responses by BDNF in rat hippocampus // J. Neurosci. V. 17. No. 9. P. 2959-2966.
246. Tanimoto M., Okada Y. The protective effect of hypothermia on hippocampal slices from guinea pig during deprivation of oxygen and glucose // Brain Res. 1987. V. 417. No. 2. P. 239-246.
247. Tchelingerian J.L., Lesaux F., Jacque C. Identification and topography of neuronal cell populations expressing TNF-α and IL-1α in response to hippocampal lesion // J. Neurosci. Res. 1996. V. 43. No. 1. P. 99-106.
248. Temple S., Alvarez-Buylla A. Stem cells in the adult mammalian central nervous system // Current. Opin. Neurobiol. 1999. V. 9. No. 1. P. 135-141.
249. Thomas W.E. Brain macrophages: evaluation of microglia and their functions // Brain Res. Rev. 1992. V. 17. No. 1. P. 61-74.
250. Todd A.J. Immunohistochemical evidence that acetylcholine and glycine exist in different populations of GABAergic neurons in lamina III of rat spinal dorsal horn // Neuroscience. 1991. V. 44. No. 3. P. 741-746.
251. Toldi J., Rojik I., Fehér O. Neonatal monocular enucleation-induced crossmodal effects observed in the cortex of adult rats // Neuroscience. 1994. V. 62. No. 1. P. 105-114.
252. 2+]i changes in the dendrites of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells // J. Neurophysiol. 1996. V. 76. No. 5. P. 2896-2906.
253. Tsubokawa H., Ross W.N. Muscarinic modulation of spike backpropagation in the apical dendrites of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons // J. Neurosci. 1997. V. 17. No. 15. P. 5782-5791.
254. Tsukada H., Kakiuchi T., Shizuno H., Noshiyama S. Interaction of cholinergic and glutamatergic neuronal systems in the functional activation of cerebral blood flow response: a PET study in unanaesthetized monkeys // Brain Res. 1998. V. 796. No. 1/2. P. 82-90.
255. Tuba A., Kalman M. The early phase of vascularization in intraocular telencephalic transplants // J. Neurol. Transpl. Plasticity. 1996. V. 6. No. 1. P. 97-103.
256. Uchida S., Kagitani F., Nahayama H., Sato A. Effects of stimulation of nicotinic cholinergic receptors on cortical cerebral blood flow and changes in the effect during aging in anesthetized rats // Neurosci. Lett. 1997. V. 228. No. 3. P. 203-206.
257. Valouškova V., Geschanes A. Effects of NGF, b-FGF and cerebrolysine on water maze performance and on motor activity of rats: short- and long-term study // Neurobiol. Learn. Memory. 1999. V. 71. No. 2. P. 132-149.
258. Vees A.M., Micheva K.D., Beaulieu C., Descarries L. Increased number and size of dendritic spines in ipsilateral barrel field cortex following unilateral wisker trimming in postnatal rat // J. Compar. Neurol. 1998. V. 400. No. 1. P. 110-124.
259. Velazquez J.L.P., Han D., Carlen P.L. Neurotransmitter modulation of gap junctional communication in the rat hippocampus // Europ. J. Neurosci. 1997. V. 9. No. 12. P. 2522-2531.
260. Verhage M., McMahon H.T., Ghijsen W.E. et al. Differential release of amino acids, neuropeptides, and catecholamines from isolated nerve terminals // Neuron. 1991. V. 6. No. 4. P. 517-524.
261. Vescovi A.L., Parati E.A., Gritti A. et al. Isolation and cloning of multipotential stem cells from the embryonic human CNS and establishment of transplantable human neural stem cell lines by epigenetic stimulation // Europ. J. Neurol. 1999. V. 156. No. 1. P. 71-83.
262. Villa A.E.P., Lorensana V.M.B., Vantini G. NGF modulates information-processing in the auditory thalamus // Brain Res. Bull. 1996. V. 39. No. 3. P. 139-147.
263. Vincent S.R., Hökfelt T., Skirboll L.R., Wu J.Y. Hypothalamic GABA neurons project to the neocortex // Science. 1983. V. 220. No. 4603. P. 1309-1310.
264. Vizi E.S., Lábos E. Non-synaptic interactions at presynaptic level // Progr. Neurobiol. 1991. V. 37. No. 2. P. 145-163.
265. Vizi E.S., Kiss J.P. Neurochemistry and pharamcology of the major hippocampal transmitter systems: synaptic and nonsynaptic interactions // Hippocampus. 1998. V. 8. No. 6. P. 566-607.
266. Waite J.J., Holschneider D.P., Scremin O.U. Selective immunotoxin-induced cholinergic deafferentation alters blood flow distribution in the cerebral cortex // Brain Res. 1999. V. 818. No. 1. P. 1-11.
267. Walker R.F., Codd E.E. Neuroimmunomodulatory interactions of norepinephrine and serotonin // J. Neuroimniunol. 1985. V. 10. No. 1. P. 41-58.
268. Wang X., Merzenich M.M., Sameshima K., Jenkins W.M. Remodelling of hand representation in adult cortex determined by timing of tactile stimulation // Nature. 1995. V. 378. No. 6552. P. 71-75.
269. Watanabe M., Sowai H., Fukuda Y. Survival of axotomized retinal ganglion cells in adult mammals // Clin. Neurosci. 1997. V. 4. No. 5. P. 233-239.
270. Weinberger N.M., Javid R., Lepan B. Long-term retention of learning-induced receptive-field plasticity in the auditory cortex // Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA. 1993. V. 90. No. 6. P. 2394-2398.
271. Weiss S., Dunne C., Hewson J. et al. Multipotent CNS stem cells are present in the adult mammalian spinal cord and ventricular neuroaxis // J. Neurosci. 1996. V. 16. No. 23. P. 7599-7609.
272. Whim M.D., Lloyd P.E. Frequency-dependent release of peptide cotransmitters from identified cholinergic motor neurons in Aplysia // Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA. 1989. V. 86. No. 22. P. 9034-9038.
273. Whitaker-Azmitia P.M. Role of serotonine and ofher neurotransmitter receptors in brain development: basis for developmental pharmacology // Pharmacol. Rev. 1991.
274. Wilson M.T., Keith C.H. Glutamate modulation of dendrite outgrowth: alterations in the distribution of dendritic microtubules // J. Neurosci. Res. 1998. V. 52. No. 5. P. 599-611.
275. Woicechowsky C., Asadullah K., Nestler D. et al. Sympathetic activation triggers systemic interleukin-10 release in immunodepression induced by brain injury // Nature Medicine. 1998. V. 4. No. 7. P. 808-813.
276. Won C., Park H.J., Shin H.C. Interleukin-1β facilitates afferent sensory transmission in the primary somatosensory cortex of anesthetized rats // Neurosci. Lett. 1995. V. 201. No. 3. P. 255-258.
277. Wu K., Xu J., Suen P. et al. Functional trkB neurotrophin receptors are intrinsic components of the adult brain postsynaptic density // Mol. Brain Res. 1996. V. 43. No. 1/2. P. 286-290.
278. Xu J., Wall J.T. Rapid changes in brainstem maps of adult primates after peripheral injury // Brain Res. 1997. V. 774. No. 1/2. P. 211-215.
279. Yamada M., Hatanaka H. Interleukin-6 protects cultured rat hippocampal neurons against glutamate-induced cell death // Brain Res. 1993. V. 643. No. 1/2. P. 173-180.
280. 1a receptors mediate the neurotrophic effect of serotonin on developing dentate granule cells // Developm. Brain Res. 1997. V. 98. No. 2. P. 185-190.
281. Yan X.V., Zheng D.S., Garey L.J. Prenatal development of GABA-immunoreactive neurons in the human striate cortex // Developm. Brain Res. 1992. V. 65. No. 2. P. 191-204.
282. Yanovsky Y., Sergeeva O.A., Freund T.F., Haas H.L. Activation of interneurons at the stratum oriens/alveus border supresses excitatory transmission to apical dendrites in the CA1 area of the mouse hippocampus // Neuroscience. 1997. V. 77. No. 1. P. 87-96.
283. Yoneda K., Okada Y. Effects of anoxia and recovery the neurotransmission and level of high-energy phosphates in thin hippocampal slices from the guinea pig // Neuroscience. 1989. V. 28. No. 2. P. 401-407.
284. Young G.M., Levison S.W. Persistence of multipotential progenitors in the juvenile rat subventricular zone // Developm. Neurosci. 1996. V. 18. No. 4. P. 255-265.
285. Zagon I.S., McLaughlin P.J. Endogenous opioid sytems regulate cell proliferation in the developing rat brain // Brain Res. 1987. V. 412. No. 1. P. 68-72.
286. Zeise M.L., Madamba S., Siggins G.R. Interleukin-1β increases synaptic inhibition in rat hippocampal pyramidal neurons in vitro // Regul. Peptides. 1992. V. 39. No. 1. P. 1-7.
287. Zhang S.C., Ge B., Duncan I.D. Adult brain retains the potential to generate oligodendroglial progenitors with extencive myelination capacity // Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA. 1999. V. 96. No. 7. P. 4089-4094.
288. Zhou J.W., Bradford H.F. Neuronal growth factor and the control of neurotransmitter phenotype selection in the mammalian central nervous system // Progr. Neutorbiol. 1997. V. 53. No. 1. P. 27-43.
289. Zhu P.J., Krnjevic K. Persistent block of CA1 synaptic function by prolonged hypoxia // Neuroscience. 1999. V. 90. No. 3. P. 759-770.
290. Zoli M., Agnati L.F. Wiring and volume transmission in the central nervous system: the concept of closed and open synapses // Progr. Neurobiol. 1996. V. 49. No. 4. P. 363-380.