More hippocampal neurons in adult mice living in an enriched environment

Nature

Volumn 386, Issue 6624, 1997, Pages 493-495

  Kempermann, Gerd ^a   Kuhn, H Georg ^a   Gage, Fred H ^a  

^a SALK INSTITUTE FOR BIOLOGICAL STUDIES   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ARTICLE; DENTATE GYRUS; ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR; GRANULE CELL; HIPPOCAMPUS; MOUSE; NERVOUS SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

ANIMALS; BROMODEOXYURIDINE; CELL COUNT; CELL DIVISION; DENTATE GYRUS; ENVIRONMENT; FEMALE; HOUSING, ANIMAL; MAZE LEARNING; MICE; NEURONS;

EID: 0030937293     PISSN: 00280836     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/386493a0     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. Altman, J. & Das, G. D. Autoradiographic and histologic evidence of postnatal neurogenesis in rats. J. Comp. Neurol. 124, 319-335 (1965).
2. Kaplan, M. S. & Hinds, J. W. Neurogenesis in the adult rat: electron microscopic analysis of light radioautographs. Science 197, 1092-1094 (1977).
3. Cameron, H. A. et al. Differentiation of newly born neurons and glia in the dentate gyrus of the adult rat. Neuroscience 56, 337-344 (1993).
4. Kuhn, H. G. et al. Neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the adult rat: age-related decrease of neuronal progenitor proliferation. J. Neurosci. 16, 2027-2033 (1996).
5. Rosenzweig, M. R. et al. Effects of environmental complexity and training on brain chemistry and anatomy. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 55, 429-437 (1962).
6. Altman, J. & Das, G. D. Autoradiographic examination of the effects of enriched environment on the rate of glial multiplication in the adult rat brain. Nature 204, 1161-1163 (1964).
7. Cummins, R. A. et al. Environmentally induced changes in the brains of elderly rats. Nature 243, 516-518 (1973).
8. Greenough, W. T. Experiential modificaition of the developing brain. Am. Sci. 63, 37-46 (1975).
9. Meaney, M. J. et al. Effect of neonatal handling on age-related impairments associated with the hippocampus. Science 239, 766-768 (1988).
10. Rosenzweig, M. R. et al. Social grouping cannot account for cerebral effects of enriched environments. Brain Res. 153, 563-576 (1978).
11. Rosenzweig, M. R. Environmental complexity, cerebral change, and behavior. Am. Psychol. 21, 321-332 (1966).
12. Walsh, R. N. et al. The effects of environmental complexity on the histology of the rat hippocampus. J. Comp. Neurol. 137, 361-366 (1969).
13. Fiala, B. A. et al. Environmental complexity modulates growth of granule cell dendrites in developing but not adult hippocampus of rats. Exp. Neurol. 59, 372-383 (1978).
14. Cummins, R. A. et al. A developmental theory of environmental enrichment. Science 197, 692-694 (1977).
15. del Rio, J. A. & Soriano, E. Immunocytochemical detection of 5′-bromodeoxyuridine incorporation in the central nervous system of the mouse. Dev. Brain Res. 49, 311-317 (1989).
16. Sloviter, R. S. Calcium-binding protein (calbindin-D28k) and parvalbumin immunocytochemistry: localization in the rat hippocampus with specific reference to the selective vulnerability of hippocampal neurons to seizure activity. J. Comp. Neurol. 280, 183-196 (1989).
17. Walsh, R. N. & Cummins, R. A. Changes in hippocampal neuronal nuclei in response to environmental stimulation. Int. J. Neurosci. 9, 209-212 (1979).
18. Wimer, R. E. et al. The genetic organization of neuron number in the granule cell layer of the area dentata in house mice. Brain Res. 157, 105-122 (1978).
19. Cameron, H. A. et al. Regulation of adult neurogenesis by excitatory input and NMDA receptor activation in the dentate gyrus. J. Neurosci. 15, 4687-4692 (1995).
20. McEwen, B. S. Gonadal and adrenal steroids regulate neurochemical and structural plasticity of the hippocampus via cellular mechanisms involving NMDA receptors. Cell. Mol. Neurobiol. 16, 103-116 (1996).
21. Reynolds, B. A. et al. A multipotent EGF-responsive striatal embryonic progenitor cell produces neurons and astrocytes. J. Neurosci. 12, 4565-4574 (1992).
22. Palmer, T. D. et al. FGF-2-responsive neuronal progenitors reside in proliferative and quiescent regions of the adult rodent brain. Mol. Cell. Neurosci. 6, 474-486 (1995).
23. Craig, C. G. et al. In vivo growth factor expansion of endogenous subependymal neural precursor cell populations in the adult mouse brain. J. Neurosci. 16, 2649-2658 (1996).
24. Wainwright, P. E. et al. The effects of dietary fatty acid composition combined with environmental enrichment on brain and behavior in mice. Behav. Brain Res. 60, 125-136 (1994).
25. Pacteau, C. et al. Early rearing environment and dorsal hippocampal ibotenic acid lesions: long-term influences on spatial learning and alternation in the rat. Behav. Brain Res. 34, 79-96 (1989).
26. Gundersen, H. J. et al. The new stereological tools: disector, fractionator, nucleator and point sampled intercepts and their use in pathological research and diagnosis. Acta Pathol. Microbiol. Immunol. Scand. 96, 857-881 (1988).
27. West, M. J. New sterological methods for counting neurons. Neurobiol. Aging 14, 275-285 (1993).
28. Coggeshall, R. E. & Lekan, H. A. Methods for determining numbers of cells and synapses: a case for more uniform standards for review. J. Comp. Neurol. 364, 6-15 (1996).