메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 170, Issue 4, 2003, Pages 1728-1736

Pertussis toxin enhances Th1 responses by stimulation of dendritic cells

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

B7 ANTIGEN; CD40 ANTIGEN; CD86 ANTIGEN; GAMMA INTERFERON; IMMUNOGLOBULIN G2A; INTERLEUKIN 12; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN CLASS 2; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE; PERTUSSIS TOXIN; RETINOID BINDING PROTEIN; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA;

EID: 0037442014     PISSN: 00221767     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.170.4.1728     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (89)

References (56)
  • 2
    • 0021592979 scopus 로고
    • Biology of disease: Analysis of autoimmune demyelination: Its impact upon multiple sclerosis
    • Raine, C. S. 1984. Biology of disease: analysis of autoimmune demyelination: its impact upon multiple sclerosis. Lab. Invest. 50:608.
    • (1984) Lab. Invest. , vol.50 , pp. 608
    • Raine, C.S.1
  • 3
    • 0028070413 scopus 로고
    • Peptide determinants of myelin proteolipid protein (PLP) in autoimmune demyelinating disease: A review
    • Tuohy, V. K. 1994. Peptide determinants of myelin proteolipid protein (PLP) in autoimmune demyelinating disease: a review. Neurochem. Res. 19:935.
    • (1994) Neurochem. Res. , vol.19 , pp. 935
    • Tuohy, V.K.1
  • 4
    • 0028965522 scopus 로고
    • Chronic relapsing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis with a delayed onset and an atypical clinical course, induced in PL/J mice by myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-derived peptide: Preliminary analysis of MOG T cell epitopes
    • Kerlero de Rosbo, N., I. Mendel, and A. Ben-Nun. 1995. Chronic relapsing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis with a delayed onset and an atypical clinical course, induced in PL/J mice by myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-derived peptide: preliminary analysis of MOG T cell epitopes. Eur. J. Immunol. 25:985.
    • (1995) Eur. J. Immunol. , vol.25 , pp. 985
    • Kerlero de Rosbo, N.1    Mendel, I.2    Ben-Nun, A.3
  • 5
    • 0029038922 scopus 로고
    • b mice: Fine specificity and T cell receptor Vβ expression of encephalitogenic T cells
    • b mice: fine specificity and T cell receptor Vβ expression of encephalitogenic T cells. Eur. J. Immunol. 25:1951.
    • (1995) Eur. J. Immunol. , vol.25 , pp. 1951
    • Mendel, I.1    Kerlero de Rosbo, N.2    Ben-Nun, A.3
  • 6
    • 0023912944 scopus 로고
    • A new model of autoimmune disease: Experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis induced in mice with two different retinal antigens
    • Caspi, R. R., F. G. Roberge, C. C. Chan, B. Wiggert, G. J. Chader, L. A. Rozenszajn, Z. Lando, and R. B. Nussenblatt. 1988. A new model of autoimmune disease: experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis induced in mice with two different retinal antigens. J. Immunol. 140:1490.
    • (1988) J. Immunol. , vol.140 , pp. 1490
    • Caspi, R.R.1    Roberge, F.G.2    Chan, C.C.3    Wiggert, B.4    Chader, G.J.5    Rozenszajn, L.A.6    Lando, Z.7    Nussenblatt, R.B.8
  • 8
    • 0020609121 scopus 로고
    • Enhancement of the intensity, persistence, and passive transfer of delayed-type hypersensitivity lesions by pertussigen in mice
    • Sewell, W. A., J. J. Munoz, and M. A. Vadas. 1983. Enhancement of the intensity, persistence, and passive transfer of delayed-type hypersensitivity lesions by pertussigen in mice. J. Exp. Med. 157:2087.
    • (1983) J. Exp. Med. , vol.157 , pp. 2087
    • Sewell, W.A.1    Munoz, J.J.2    Vadas, M.A.3
  • 9
    • 0034193331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • i protein signaling in the regulation of interleukin 12 production and the induction of T helper cell type 1 responses
    • i protein signaling in the regulation of interleukin 12 production and the induction of T helper cell type 1 responses. J. Exp. Med. 191:1605.
    • (2000) J. Exp. Med. , vol.191 , pp. 1605
    • He, J.1    Gurunathan, S.2    Iwasaki, A.3    Ash-Shaheed, B.4    Kelsall, B.L.5
  • 10
    • 0033838435 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The enhanced antigen-specific production of cytokines induced by pertussis toxin is due to clonal expansion of T cells and not to altered effector functions of long-term memory cells
    • Shive, C. L., H. Hofstetter, L. Arredondo, C. Shaw, and T. G. Forsthuber. 2000. The enhanced antigen-specific production of cytokines induced by pertussis toxin is due to clonal expansion of T cells and not to altered effector functions of long-term memory cells. Eur. J. Immunol. 30:2422.
    • (2000) Eur. J. Immunol. , vol.30 , pp. 2422
    • Shive, C.L.1    Hofstetter, H.2    Arredondo, L.3    Shaw, C.4    Forsthuber, T.G.5
  • 11
    • 0031920860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pertussis toxin potentiates Th1 and Th2 responses to co-injected antigen: Adjuvant action is associated with enhanced regulatory cytokine production and expression of the co-stimulatory molecules B7-1, B7-2 and CD28
    • Ryan, M., L. McCarthy, R. Rappuoli, B. P. Mahon, and K. H. G. Mills. 1998. Pertussis toxin potentiates Th1 and Th2 responses to co-injected antigen: adjuvant action is associated with enhanced regulatory cytokine production and expression of the co-stimulatory molecules B7-1, B7-2 and CD28. Int. Immunol. 10:651.
    • (1998) Int. Immunol. , vol.10 , pp. 651
    • Ryan, M.1    McCarthy, L.2    Rappuoli, R.3    Mahon, B.P.4    Mills, K.H.G.5
  • 13
    • 0025735629 scopus 로고
    • The dendritic cell system and its role in immunogenicity
    • Steinman, R. M. 1991. The dendritic cell system and its role in immunogenicity. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 9:271.
    • (1991) Annu. Rev. Immunol. , vol.9 , pp. 271
    • Steinman, R.M.1
  • 15
    • 0000060327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vivo microbial stimulation induces rapid CD40 ligand-independent production of interleukin 12 by dendritic cells and their redistribution to T cell areas
    • Sousa, C. R., S. Hieny, T. Scharton-Kersten, D. Jankovic, H. Charest, R. N. Germain, and A. Sher. 1997. In vivo microbial stimulation induces rapid CD40 ligand-independent production of interleukin 12 by dendritic cells and their redistribution to T cell areas. J. Exp. Med. 186:1819.
    • (1997) J. Exp. Med. , vol.186 , pp. 1819
    • Sousa, C.R.1    Hieny, S.2    Scharton-Kersten, T.3    Jankovic, D.4    Charest, H.5    Germain, R.N.6    Sher, A.7
  • 16
    • 0033178828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of dendritic cells in the induction and regulation of immunity to microbial infection
    • Reis e Sousa, C., A. Sher, and P. Kaye. 1999. The role of dendritic cells in the induction and regulation of immunity to microbial infection. Curr. Opin. Immunol. 11:392.
    • (1999) Curr. Opin. Immunol. , vol.11 , pp. 392
    • Reis e Sousa, C.1    Sher, A.2    Kaye, P.3
  • 17
    • 0033490502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-12: A cytokine at the interface of inflammation and immunity
    • Trinchieri, G. 1998. Interleukin-12: a cytokine at the interface of inflammation and immunity. Adv. Immunol. 70:83.
    • (1998) Adv. Immunol. , vol.70 , pp. 83
    • Trinchieri, G.1
  • 18
    • 0032547818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dendritic cells induce autoimmune diabetes and maintain disease via de novo formation of local lymphoid tissue
    • Ludewig, B., B. Odermatt, S. Landmann, H. Hengartner, and R. M. Zinkernagel. 1998. Dendritic cells induce autoimmune diabetes and maintain disease via de novo formation of local lymphoid tissue. J. Exp. Med. 188:1493.
    • (1998) J. Exp. Med. , vol.188 , pp. 1493
    • Ludewig, B.1    Odermatt, B.2    Landmann, S.3    Hengartner, H.4    Zinkernagel, R.M.5
  • 19
    • 0033168696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presentation of the self antigen myelin basic protein by dendritic cells leads to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
    • Dittel, B. N., I. Visintin, R. M. Merchant, and C. A. Janeway, Jr. 1999. Presentation of the self antigen myelin basic protein by dendritic cells leads to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J. Immunol. 163:32.
    • (1999) J. Immunol. , vol.163 , pp. 32
    • Dittel, B.N.1    Visintin, I.2    Merchant, R.M.3    Janeway C.A., Jr.4
  • 20
    • 0026481133 scopus 로고
    • Generation of large numbers of dendritic cells from mouse bone marrow cultures supplemented with granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor
    • Inaba, K., M. Inaba, N. Romani, H. Aya, M. Deguchi, S. Ikehara, S. Muramatsu, and R. M. Steinman. 1992. Generation of large numbers of dendritic cells from mouse bone marrow cultures supplemented with granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor. J. Exp. Med. 176:1693.
    • (1992) J. Exp. Med. , vol.176 , pp. 1693
    • Inaba, K.1    Inaba, M.2    Romani, N.3    Aya, H.4    Deguchi, M.5    Ikehara, S.6    Muramatsu, S.7    Steinman, R.M.8
  • 21
    • 0025869791 scopus 로고
    • Primary culture of adult mouse lung fibroblasts in serum-free medium: Responses to growth factors
    • Kumar, R. K., R. O'Grady, W. Li, L. W. Smith, and G. C. Rhodes. 1991. Primary culture of adult mouse lung fibroblasts in serum-free medium: responses to growth factors. Exp. Cell Res. 193:398.
    • (1991) Exp. Cell Res. , vol.193 , pp. 398
    • Kumar, R.K.1    O'Grady, R.2    Li, W.3    Smith, L.W.4    Rhodes, G.C.5
  • 22
    • 0017514892 scopus 로고
    • The effect of temperature during trypsin treatment on viability and multiplication potential of single normal human and chicken fibroblasts
    • McKeehan, W. L. 1977. The effect of temperature during trypsin treatment on viability and multiplication potential of single normal human and chicken fibroblasts. Cell Biol. Int. Rep. 1:335.
    • (1977) Cell Biol. Int. Rep. , vol.1 , pp. 335
    • McKeehan, W.L.1
  • 23
    • 0019978357 scopus 로고
    • Acute autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice. II. Susceptibility is controlled by the combination of H-2 and histamine sensitization genes
    • Linthicum, D. S., and J. A. Frelinger. 1982. Acute autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice. II. Susceptibility is controlled by the combination of H-2 and histamine sensitization genes. J. Exp. Med. 156:31.
    • (1982) J. Exp. Med. , vol.156 , pp. 31
    • Linthicum, D.S.1    Frelinger, J.A.2
  • 25
    • 0028965407 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of the interaction between Th1 and Th2 T cell clones to provide help for antibody production in vivo
    • Rizzo, L. V., R. H. DeKruyff, D. T. Umetsu, and R. R. Caspi. 1995. Regulation of the interaction between Th1 and Th2 T cell clones to provide help for antibody production in vivo. Eur. J. Immunol. 25:708.
    • (1995) Eur. J. Immunol. , vol.25 , pp. 708
    • Rizzo, L.V.1    DeKruyff, R.H.2    Umetsu, D.T.3    Caspi, R.R.4
  • 26
    • 0028262128 scopus 로고
    • Determination of lymphocyte division by flow cytometry
    • Lyons, A. B., and C. R. Parish. 1994. Determination of lymphocyte division by flow cytometry. J. Immunol. Methods 171:131.
    • (1994) J. Immunol. Methods , vol.171 , pp. 131
    • Lyons, A.B.1    Parish, C.R.2
  • 27
    • 0035876929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mammalian and viral IL-10 enhance C-C chemokine receptor 5 but down-regulate C-C chemokine receptor 7 expression by myeloid dendritic cells: Impact on chemotactic responses and in vivo homing ability
    • Takayama, T., A. E. Morelli, N. Onai, M. Hirao, K. Matsushima, H. Tahara, and A. W. Thomson. 2001. Mammalian and viral IL-10 enhance C-C chemokine receptor 5 but down-regulate C-C chemokine receptor 7 expression by myeloid dendritic cells: impact on chemotactic responses and in vivo homing ability. J. Immunol. 166:7136.
    • (2001) J. Immunol. , vol.166 , pp. 7136
    • Takayama, T.1    Morelli, A.E.2    Onai, N.3    Hirao, M.4    Matsushima, K.5    Tahara, H.6    Thomson, A.W.7
  • 29
    • 0031570957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic susceptibility to experimental autoimmune uveitis involves more than a predisposition to generate a T helper-1-like or a T helper-2-like response
    • Sun, B., L. V. Rizzo, S. H. Sun, C. C. Chan, B. Wiggert, R. L. Wilder, and R. R. Caspi. 1997. Genetic susceptibility to experimental autoimmune uveitis involves more than a predisposition to generate a T helper-1-like or a T helper-2-like response. J. Immunol. 159:1004.
    • (1997) J. Immunol. , vol.159 , pp. 1004
    • Sun, B.1    Rizzo, L.V.2    Sun, S.H.3    Chan, C.C.4    Wiggert, B.5    Wilder, R.L.6    Caspi, R.R.7
  • 30
    • 0032754609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The requirement for pertussis to induce EAU is strain-dependent: B10.RIII, but not B10.A mice, develop EAU and Th1 responses to IRBP without pertussis treatment
    • Silver, P. B., C. C. Chan, B. Wiggert, and R. R. Caspi. 1999. The requirement for pertussis to induce EAU is strain-dependent: B10.RIII, but not B10.A mice, develop EAU and Th1 responses to IRBP without pertussis treatment. Invest. Ophthalmol. Visual Sci. 40:2898.
    • (1999) Invest. Ophthalmol. Visual Sci. , vol.40 , pp. 2898
    • Silver, P.B.1    Chan, C.C.2    Wiggert, B.3    Caspi, R.R.4
  • 31
    • 0032546352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dendritic cells and the control of immunity
    • Banchereau, J., and R. M. Steinman. 1998. Dendritic cells and the control of immunity. Nature 392:245.
    • (1998) Nature , vol.392 , pp. 245
    • Banchereau, J.1    Steinman, R.M.2
  • 35
    • 0033486007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • T-cell priming by type-1 and type-2 polarized dendritic cells: The concept of a third signal
    • Kalinski, P., C. M. Hilkens, E. A. Wierenga, and M. L. Kapsenberg. 1999. T-cell priming by type-1 and type-2 polarized dendritic cells: the concept of a third signal. Immunol. Today 20:561.
    • (1999) Immunol. Today , vol.20 , pp. 561
    • Kalinski, P.1    Hilkens, C.M.2    Wierenga, E.A.3    Kapsenberg, M.L.4
  • 36
    • 0036681655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Native and genetically inactivated pertussis toxins induce human dendritic cell maturation and synergize with lipopolysaccharide in promoting T helper type 1 responses
    • Ausiello, C. M., G. Fedele, F. Urbani, R. Lande, B. Di Carlo, and A. Cassone. 2002. Native and genetically inactivated pertussis toxins induce human dendritic cell maturation and synergize with lipopolysaccharide in promoting T helper type 1 responses. J. Infect. Dis. 186:351.
    • (2002) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.186 , pp. 351
    • Ausiello, C.M.1    Fedele, G.2    Urbani, F.3    Lande, R.4    Di Carlo, B.5    Cassone, A.6
  • 37
    • 0037083298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbial compounds selectively induce Th1 cell-promoting or Th2 cell-promoting dendritic cells in vitro with diverse Th cell-polarizing signals
    • Jong, E. C., P. L. Vieira, P. Kalinski, J. H. N. Schuitemaker, Y. Tanaka, E. A. Wierenga, M. Yazdanbakhsh, and M. L. Kapsenberg. 2002. Microbial compounds selectively induce Th1 cell-promoting or Th2 cell-promoting dendritic cells in vitro with diverse Th cell-polarizing signals. J. Immunol. 168:1704.
    • (2002) J. Immunol. , vol.168 , pp. 1704
    • Jong, E.C.1    Vieira, P.L.2    Kalinski, P.3    Schuitemaker, J.H.N.4    Tanaka, Y.5    Wierenga, E.A.6    Yazdanbakhsh, M.7    Kapsenberg, M.L.8
  • 38
    • 0036644294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pertussis toxin modulates the immune response to neuroantigens injected in incomplete Freund's adjuvant: Induction of Th1 cells and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in the presence of high frequencies of Th2 cells
    • Hofstetter, H. H., C. L. Shive, and T. G. Forsthuber. 2002. Pertussis toxin modulates the immune response to neuroantigens injected in incomplete Freund's adjuvant: induction of Th1 cells and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in the presence of high frequencies of Th2 cells. J. Immunol. 169:117.
    • (2002) J. Immunol. , vol.169 , pp. 117
    • Hofstetter, H.H.1    Shive, C.L.2    Forsthuber, T.G.3
  • 39
    • 0031803057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endogenous IL-12 required for induction and expression of experimental autoimmune uveitis
    • Tarrant, T. K., P. S. Silver, C. C. Chan, B. Wiggert, and R. R. Caspi. 1998. Endogenous IL-12 required for induction and expression of experimental autoimmune uveitis. J. Immunol. 161:122.
    • (1998) J. Immunol. , vol.161 , pp. 122
    • Tarrant, T.K.1    Silver, P.S.2    Chan, C.C.3    Wiggert, B.4    Caspi, R.R.5
  • 40
    • 0031046301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis by monclonal antibody to interleukin-12
    • Yokoi, H., K. Kato, T. Kezuka, and J. I. Sakai. 1997. Prevention of experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis by monclonal antibody to interleukin-12. Eur. J. Immunol. 27:641.
    • (1997) Eur. J. Immunol. , vol.27 , pp. 641
    • Yokoi, H.1    Kato, K.2    Kezuka, T.3    Sakai, J.I.4
  • 41
    • 0031864498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IL-12 increases CD80 expression and the stimulatory capacity of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells
    • Kelleher, P., and S. C. Knight. 1998. IL-12 increases CD80 expression and the stimulatory capacity of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells. Int. Immunol. 10:749.
    • (1998) Int. Immunol. , vol.10 , pp. 749
    • Kelleher, P.1    Knight, S.C.2
  • 42
    • 0037017377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dendritic and natural killer cells cooperate in the control/ switch of innate immunity
    • Zitvogel, L. 2002. Dendritic and natural killer cells cooperate in the control/ switch of innate immunity. J. Exp. Med. 195:F9.
    • (2002) J. Exp. Med. , vol.195
    • Zitvogel, L.1
  • 43
    • 0032960197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generation of tumor immunity by bone marrow-derived dendritic cells correlates with dendritic cell maturation stage
    • Labeur, M. S., B. Roters, B. Pers, A. Mehling, T. A. Luger, T. Schwarz, and S. Grabbe. 1999. Generation of tumor immunity by bone marrow-derived dendritic cells correlates with dendritic cell maturation stage. J. Immunol. 162:168.
    • (1999) J. Immunol. , vol.162 , pp. 168
    • Labeur, M.S.1    Roters, B.2    Pers, B.3    Mehling, A.4    Luger, T.A.5    Schwarz, T.6    Grabbe, S.7
  • 46
    • 0034769286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional antigen-independent synapses formed between T cells and dendritic cells
    • Revy, P., M. Sospedra, B. Barbour, and A. Trautmann. 2001. Functional antigen-independent synapses formed between T cells and dendritic cells. Nat. Immun. 2:925.
    • (2001) Nat. Immun. , vol.2 , pp. 925
    • Revy, P.1    Sospedra, M.2    Barbour, B.3    Trautmann, A.4
  • 48
    • 0033074360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • + dendritic cells generate an immune response after subcutaneous injection without homing to the draining lymph node
    • + dendritic cells generate an immune response after subcutaneous injection without homing to the draining lymph node. J. Exp. Med. 189:593.
    • (1999) J. Exp. Med. , vol.189 , pp. 593
    • Smith, A.L.1    De St. Groth, B.F.2
  • 49
    • 0026634286 scopus 로고
    • Pertussis toxin and target eukaryotic cells: Binding, entry, and activation
    • Kaslow, H. R., and D. L. Burns. 1992. Pertussis toxin and target eukaryotic cells: binding, entry, and activation. FASEB J. 6:2684.
    • (1992) FASEB J. , vol.6 , pp. 2684
    • Kaslow, H.R.1    Burns, D.L.2
  • 50
    • 0027412445 scopus 로고
    • Evidence that lipopolysaccharide and pertussis toxin bind to different domains on the same p73 receptor on murine splenocytes
    • Lei, M. G., and D. C. Morrison. 1993. Evidence that lipopolysaccharide and pertussis toxin bind to different domains on the same p73 receptor on murine splenocytes. Infect. Immun. 61:1359.
    • (1993) Infect. Immun. , vol.61 , pp. 1359
    • Lei, M.G.1    Morrison, D.C.2
  • 51
    • 0033854453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of pertussis toxin-induced myelomonocytic cell adhesion: Role of CD14 and urokinase receptor
    • Li, H., and W. S. Wong. 2000. Mechanisms of pertussis toxin-induced myelomonocytic cell adhesion: role of CD14 and urokinase receptor. Immunology 100:502.
    • (2000) Immunology , vol.100 , pp. 502
    • Li, H.1    Wong, W.S.2
  • 52
    • 0035104119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • LPS induction of gene expression in human monocytes
    • Guha, M., and N. Mackman. 2001. LPS induction of gene expression in human monocytes. Cell. Signal. 13:85.
    • (2001) Cell. Signal. , vol.13 , pp. 85
    • Guha, M.1    Mackman, N.2
  • 54
    • 0035887503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A DAP12-mediated pathway regulates expression of CC chemokine receptor 7 and maturation of human dendritic cells
    • Bouchon, A., C. Hernández-Munain, M. Cella, and M. Colonna. 2001. A DAP12-mediated pathway regulates expression of CC chemokine receptor 7 and maturation of human dendritic cells. J. Exp. Med. 194:1111.
    • (2001) J. Exp. Med. , vol.194 , pp. 1111
    • Bouchon, A.1    Hernández-Munain, C.2    Cella, M.3    Colonna, M.4
  • 55
    • 0026616876 scopus 로고
    • Induction of Th1 and Th2 responses: A key role for the "natural" immune responses?
    • Romagnani, S. 1992. Induction of Th1 and Th2 responses: a key role for the "natural" immune responses? Immunol. Today 13:379.
    • (1992) Immunol. Today , vol.13 , pp. 379
    • Romagnani, S.1
  • 56
    • 0029987839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The instructive role of innate immunity in the acquired immune response
    • Douglas, T. F. 1996. The instructive role of innate immunity in the acquired immune response. Science 272:50.
    • (1996) Science , vol.272 , pp. 50
    • Douglas, T.F.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.