메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 4485, Issue , 2002, Pages 405-416

Grating groove metrology and efficiency predictions from the soft x-ray to the fair infrared

Author keywords

Atomic force microscope; Diffraction gratings; Microinterferometer; Stylus profilometer

Indexed keywords

ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY; INTERFEROMETERS; INTERFEROMETRY; LITHOGRAPHY; PROFILOMETRY; SURFACE ROUGHNESS;

EID: 0036397883     PISSN: 0277786X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Conference Proceeding    
DOI: 10.1117/12.454276     Document Type: Conference Paper
Times cited : (12)

References (42)
  • 1
    • 0030408241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development and testing of diffraction gratings for the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS)
    • D. A. Content, R. A. Boucarut, C. W. Bowers, L.K. Huang, T. A. Norton, et al., "Development and testing of diffraction gratings for the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS)," Proc. SPIE 2807, 267-278 (1996).
    • (1996) Proc. SPIE , vol.2807 , pp. 267-278
    • Content, D.A.1    Boucarut, R.A.2    Bowers, C.W.3    Huang, L.K.4    Norton, T.A.5
  • 2
    • 0010934893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • All references to commercially available products are made with the understanding that such references do not constitute an endorsement of the product by the authors or by NASA
    • All references to commercially available products are made with the understanding that such references do not constitute an endorsement of the product by the authors or by NASA.
  • 3
    • 0010933376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Examples for sources for NIST-traceable height standards are VLSI Standards (http://www.vlsistd.com) and Ultrasharp (http://www.siliconmdt.com)
    • Examples for sources for NIST-traceable height standards are VLSI Standards (http://www.vlsistd.com) and Ultrasharp (http://www.siliconmdt.com).
  • 4
    • 0342725011 scopus 로고
    • Instrumental effects in surface finish estimation
    • E. L. Church, P. Z. Takacs, "Instrumental effects in surface finish estimation," SPIE 1009 46-55 (1988).
    • (1988) SPIE , vol.1009 , pp. 46-55
    • Church, E.L.1    Takacs, P.Z.2
  • 5
    • 8744234038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Algorithms for scanned probe microscope image simulation, surface reconstruction, and tip estimation
    • J. S. Vallarubia, "Algorithms for scanned probe microscope image simulation, surface reconstruction, and tip estimation," J. of Research of the Nat. Inst. Of Stds 102, 425-454 (1997).
    • (1997) J. of Research of the Nat. Inst. of Stds , vol.102 , pp. 425-454
    • Vallarubia, J.S.1
  • 6
    • 85044433829 scopus 로고
    • Performance of a variable line space master reflection grating for use in the reflection grating spectrometer on the X-ray multimirror mission
    • J. V. Bixler, C. J. Hailey, C. W. Mauche, P. F. Teague, R. S. Thoe, S. M. Kahn, F. B. S. Paerels, "Performance of a variable line space master reflection grating for use in the reflection grating spectrometer on the X-ray multimirror mission," Proc. SPIE 1549 420-428 (1991).
    • (1991) Proc. SPIE , vol.1549 , pp. 420-428
    • Bixler, J.V.1    Hailey, C.J.2    Mauche, C.W.3    Teague, P.F.4    Thoe, R.S.5    Kahn, S.M.6    Paerels, F.B.S.7
  • 8
    • 0029407418 scopus 로고
    • Polarization and efficiency of a concave multilayer grating in the 135-250 Å region and in normal-incidence and Seya-Namioka mounts
    • J. F. Seely, R. G. Curddace, M. P. Kowalski, W. R. Hunter, T. W. Barbee, Jr., J. S. Rife, R. Eby, K. G. Stolt, "Polarization and efficiency of a concave multilayer grating in the 135-250 Å region and in normal-incidence and Seya-Namioka mounts," Appl. Opt. 34, 7347-7354 (1995).
    • (1995) Appl. Opt. , vol.34 , pp. 7347-7354
    • Seely, J.F.1    Curddace, R.G.2    Kowalski, M.P.3    Hunter, W.R.4    Barbee T.W., Jr.5    Rife, J.S.6    Eby, R.7    Stolt, K.G.8
  • 9
    • 0001604548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multilayer coated laminar grating with 16% normal-incidence efficiency in the 150-Å wavelength region
    • J. F. Seely, M. P. Kowalski, R. G. Cruddace, K. F. Heidemann, U. Heinzmann, et al., "Multilayer coated laminar grating with 16% normal-incidence efficiency in the 150-Å wavelength region," Appl. Opt. 36, 8206-8213 (1997).
    • (1997) Appl. Opt. , vol.36 , pp. 8206-8213
    • Seely, J.F.1    Kowalski, M.P.2    Cruddace, R.G.3    Heidemann, K.F.4    Heinzmann, U.5
  • 10
    • 0001446977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis and optimization of fabrication of continuous-relief diffractive optical elements
    • T. Hessler, M. Rossi, R. E. Hunz, M. T. Gale, "Analysis and optimization of fabrication of continuous-relief diffractive optical elements," Appl. Opt. 37, 4069-4079 (1998).
    • (1998) Appl. Opt. , vol.37 , pp. 4069-4079
    • Hessler, T.1    Rossi, M.2    Hunz, R.E.3    Gale, M.T.4
  • 11
    • 0010877785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Groove profile modification of blazed gratings by dip coating with hardenable liquids
    • K. Osterried, K. F. Heidermann, B. Nelles, "Groove profile modification of blazed gratings by dip coating with hardenable liquids," Appl. Opt. 37, 8002-8007 (1998).
    • (1998) Appl. Opt. , vol.37 , pp. 8002-8007
    • Osterried, K.1    Heidermann, K.F.2    Nelles, B.3
  • 12
    • 0032209614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Convex grating types for concentric imaging spectrometers
    • P. Mouroulis, D. Wilson, P. Maker, and R. Muller, "Convex grating types for concentric imaging spectrometers," Appl. Opt. 37, 7200-7208 (1998).
    • (1998) Appl. Opt. , vol.37 , pp. 7200-7208
    • Mouroulis, P.1    Wilson, D.2    Maker, P.3    Muller, R.4
  • 13
    • 0001534191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thin-film interference effects on the efficiency of a normal-incidence grating in the 100-350 Å wavelength region
    • J. F. Seely, L. I. Goray, W. R. Hunter, and J. C. Rife, Thin-film interference effects on the efficiency of a normal-incidence grating in the 100-350 Å wavelength region, Appl. Opt. 38, 1251-1258 (1999).
    • (1999) Appl. Opt. , vol.38 , pp. 1251-1258
    • Seely, J.F.1    Goray, L.I.2    Hunter, W.R.3    Rife, J.C.4
  • 14
    • 0010869369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effiency calibration of the first multilayer-coated holographic ion-etched flight grating for a sounding rocket high-resolution spectometer
    • M. P. Kowalski, T. W. Barbee, Jr., K. F. Heidermann, H. Gursky, J. C. Rife, W. R. Hunter, G.G. Fritz, R. G. Cruddace, "Effiency calibration of the first multilayer-coated holographic ion-etched flight grating for a sounding rocket high-resolution spectometer," Appl. Opt. 38, 6498-6493 (1999).
    • (1999) Appl. Opt. , vol.38 , pp. 6498-6493
    • Kowalski, M.P.1    Barbee T.W., Jr.2    Heidermann, K.F.3    Gursky, H.4    Rife, J.C.5    Hunter, W.R.6    Fritz, G.G.7    Cruddace, R.G.8
  • 15
    • 0000032193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electron-beam-fabricated asymmetric transmission gratings for microspectrometry
    • P. Laakkonen, M. Kuitten, J. Simonen, J. Turunen, "Electron-beam-fabricated asymmetric transmission gratings for microspectrometry," Appl. Opt. 39, 3187-3191 (2000).
    • (2000) Appl. Opt. , vol.39 , pp. 3187-3191
    • Laakkonen, P.1    Kuitten, M.2    Simonen, J.3    Turunen, J.4
  • 17
    • 0000016685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fabrication and testing of chemically micromachines silicon echelle gratings
    • L. D. Keller, D. T. Jaffe, O. E. Ershov, T. Benedict and U. U. Graf, "Fabrication and testing of chemically micromachines silicon echelle gratings," Appl. Opt. 39 (7), 1094-1105 (2000).
    • (2000) Appl. Opt. , vol.39 , Issue.7 , pp. 1094-1105
    • Keller, L.D.1    Jaffe, D.T.2    Ershov, O.E.3    Benedict, T.4    Graf, U.U.5
  • 18
    • 60949108848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Micromachined silicon diffraction gratings for infrared spectroscopy
    • D. T. Jaffe, L. D. Keller, O. Ershov, "Micromachined silicon diffraction gratings for infrared spectroscopy," Proc. SPIE 3354, 201-212 (1998).
    • (1998) Proc. SPIE , vol.3354 , pp. 201-212
    • Jaffe, D.T.1    Keller, L.D.2    Ershov, O.3
  • 21
    • 0029346243 scopus 로고
    • Metrology of subwavelength photoresist gratings using optical scatterometry
    • C. J. Raymond M. R. Murnane, S. S. H. Naqvi, J. R. McNeil, "Metrology of subwavelength photoresist gratings using optical scatterometry," J. Vac. Sci. Tech. B 13 (4) 1484-1495 (1995).
    • (1995) J. Vac. Sci. Tech. B , vol.13 , Issue.4 , pp. 1484-1495
    • Raymond, C.J.1    Murnane, M.R.2    Naqvi, S.S.H.3    McNeil, J.R.4
  • 23
    • 0000051473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resist and etched line profile characterization using scatterometry
    • C. J. Raymond, S. S. H. Naqvi, J. R. McNeil, "Resist and etched line profile characterization using scatterometry," SPIE 3050 476-486 (1997).
    • (1997) SPIE , vol.3050 , pp. 476-486
    • Raymond, C.J.1    Naqvi, S.S.H.2    McNeil, J.R.3
  • 24
    • 0029290065 scopus 로고
    • Echelles: Scalar, electromagnetic, and real-groove properties
    • E. Loewen, D. Maystre, E. Popov, L. Tsonev, "Echelles: scalar, electromagnetic, and real-groove properties," Appl. Opt. 34 (10) 1707-1727 (1995).
    • (1995) Appl. Opt. , vol.34 , Issue.10 , pp. 1707-1727
    • Loewen, E.1    Maystre, D.2    Popov, E.3    Tsonev, L.4
  • 25
    • 0032615347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integral method for echelles covered with lossless or absorbing thin dielectric layers
    • E. Popov, B. Bozhkov, D. Maystre, J. Hoose, "Integral method for echelles covered with lossless or absorbing thin dielectric layers," Appl. Opt. 38, 47-55 (1999).
    • (1999) Appl. Opt. , vol.38 , pp. 47-55
    • Popov, E.1    Bozhkov, B.2    Maystre, D.3    Hoose, J.4
  • 26
    • 0010803627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Information on Pc Grate™ is available at: http://www.pcgrate.com
  • 27
    • 0017954073 scopus 로고
    • A new general integral theory for dielectric coated gratings
    • D. Maystre, A new general integral theory for dielectric coated gratings, J. Opt. Soc. 68 490-495 (1978).
    • (1978) J. Opt. Soc. , vol.68 , pp. 490-495
    • Maystre, D.1
  • 28
    • 0029430651 scopus 로고
    • Rigorous integral method in application to computing diffraction on relief gratings working in wavelength range from microwaves to X-ray
    • L. I. Goray, "Rigorous integral method in application to computing diffraction on relief gratings working in wavelength range from microwaves to X-ray, Proc. SPIE 2532, 427-433 (1995).
    • (1995) Proc. SPIE , vol.2532 , pp. 427-433
    • Goray, L.I.1
  • 29
    • 85010094031 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of rigorous methods for X-ray and XUV grating diffraction analysis
    • L. I. Goray, B. C. Chernov, "Comparison of rigorous methods for X-ray and XUV grating diffraction analysis," Proc. SPIE 2515 240-245 (1995).
    • (1995) Proc. SPIE , vol.2515 , pp. 240-245
    • Goray, L.I.1    Chernov, B.C.2
  • 30
    • 0034934020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modified integral method for weak convergence problems of light scattering on relief grating
    • L. I. Goray, "Modified integral method for weak convergence problems of light scattering on relief grating," Proc. SPIE 4291, 1-12 (2001)
    • (2001) Proc. SPIE , vol.4291 , pp. 1-12
    • Goray, L.I.1
  • 31
    • 0034929421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modified integral method and real electromagnetic properties of echelles
    • L. I. Goray, "Modified integral method and real electromagnetic properties of echelles," Proc. SPIE 4291, 13-24 (2001).
    • (2001) Proc. SPIE , vol.4291 , pp. 13-24
    • Goray, L.I.1
  • 32
    • 0010935449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Information on GSolver™ is available at: http://www.gsolver.com
  • 33
    • 0020192359 scopus 로고
    • Diffraction analysis of dielectric surface-relief gratings
    • M.G. Moharam, T.K. Gaylord, "Diffraction Analysis of Dielectric Surface-Relief Gratings," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 72, 1935 (1982).
    • (1982) J. Opt. Soc. Am. , vol.72 , pp. 1935
    • Moharam, M.G.1    Gaylord, T.K.2
  • 34
    • 0019586874 scopus 로고
    • Rigorous coupled-wave analysis of planar gratings
    • M.G. Moharam, T.K. Gaylord, "Rigorous Coupled-Wave Analysis of Planar Gratings," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 71, 811 (1981).
    • (1981) J. Opt. Soc. Am. , vol.71 , pp. 811
    • Moharam, M.G.1    Gaylord, T.K.2
  • 35
    • 84975564537 scopus 로고
    • Rigorous coupled-wave analysis of metallic surface-relief gratings
    • M.G. Moharam, T.K. Gaylord, "Rigorous Coupled-Wave Analysis of Metallic Surface-Relief Gratings," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 3, 1780, (1986).
    • (1986) J. Opt. Soc. Am. A , vol.3 , pp. 1780
    • Moharam, M.G.1    Gaylord, T.K.2
  • 36
    • 0020824090 scopus 로고
    • Three-dimensional vector coupled-wave analysis of planar grating diffraction
    • M.G. Moharam, T.K. Gaylord, "Three-Dimensional Vector Coupled-Wave Analysis of Planar Grating Diffraction," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 73, 1105 (1983).
    • (1983) J. Opt. Soc. Am. , vol.73 , pp. 1105
    • Moharam, M.G.1    Gaylord, T.K.2
  • 37
    • 0010878344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Volume-phase holographic gratings and the efficiency of three simple VPH gratings
    • Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, June
    • S.C. Barden, J.A. Arns, W.S. Colburn, J.B. Williams, 'Volume-Phase Holographic Gratings and the Efficiency of Three Simple VPH Gratings,' Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, June 2000,
    • (2000)
    • Barden, S.C.1    Arns, J.A.2    Colburn, W.S.3    Williams, J.B.4
  • 38
    • 0003923946 scopus 로고
    • R. Petit, ed.; Springer-Verlag, Berlin
    • R. Petit, ed.,; Electromagnetic Theory of Gratings, Springer-Verlag, Berlin (1980).
    • (1980) Electromagnetic Theory of Gratings
  • 39
    • 0033540126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rigorous and efficient grating-analysis method made easy for optical engineers
    • L. Li, J. Chandezon, G. Granet, J.-P. Plumey, 'Rigorous and efficient grating-analysis method made easy for optical engineers,' Appl. Opt. 38, 304-313 (1999).
    • (1999) Appl. Opt. , vol.38 , pp. 304-313
    • Li, L.1    Chandezon, J.2    Granet, G.3    Plumey, J.-P.4
  • 40
    • 0000047125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential theory for diffraction gratings: A new formulation for TM polarization with rapid convergence
    • E. Popov, M. Nevière, "Differential theory for diffraction gratings: a new formulation for TM polarization with rapid convergence," Opt. Lett.25 598-600 (2000).
    • (2000) Opt. Lett. , vol.25 , pp. 598-600
    • Popov, E.1    Nevière, M.2
  • 41
    • 0001493779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grating theory: New equations in Fourier space leading to fast converging results for TM polarization
    • E. Popov, M. Nevière, Grating theory: new equations in Fourier space leading to fast converging results for TM polarization," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 17 1773-1784 (2000).
    • (2000) J. Opt. Soc. Am. , vol.A17 , pp. 1773-1784
    • Popov, E.1    Nevière, M.2
  • 42
    • 0001060207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improvement of the coordinate transformation method for surface-relief gratings with sharp edges
    • L. Li, J. Chandezon, 'Improvement of the coordinate transformation method for surface-relief gratings with sharp edges,' J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 13, 2247-2255 (1996).
    • (1996) J. Opt. Soc. Am. , vol.A13 , pp. 2247-2255
    • Li, L.1    Chandezon, J.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.