메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 19, Issue 2, 2002, Pages 101-133

Age-related macular degeneration: Epidemiology and optimal treatment

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CAUCASIAN; DISEASE COURSE; FLUORESCENCE ANGIOGRAPHY; GENETIC PREDISPOSITION; HIGH RISK POPULATION; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; LASER COAGULATION; LASER SURGERY; NUTRITIONAL STATUS; PATHOGENESIS; PHENOTYPE; PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY; POPULATION RESEARCH; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RACE DIFFERENCE; RETINA FOVEA; RETINA MACULA AGE RELATED DEGENERATION; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; SMOKING; SUBRETINAL NEOVASCULARIZATION; VISUAL ACUITY; VISUAL IMPAIRMENT;

EID: 0036253277     PISSN: 1170229X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2165/00002512-200219020-00003     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (94)

References (350)
  • 1
    • 0035124965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Photodynamic therapy of subfoveal choroidal neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration with verteporfin: Two-year results of 2 randomized clinical trials-TAP report 2
    • (2001) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.119 , Issue.2 , pp. 198-207
  • 2
    • 0035009086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Verteporfin therapy of subfoveal choroidal neovascularization in age- related macular degeneration: Two-year results of a randomized clinical trial including lesions with occult with no classic choroidal neovascularization - Verteporfin in photodynamic therapy report 2
    • (2001) Am J Ophthalmol , vol.131 , Issue.5 , pp. 541-560
  • 4
    • 0019020390 scopus 로고
    • The Framingham Eye Study monograph: An ophthalmological and epidemiological study of cataract, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration, and visual acuity in a general population of 2631 adults, 1973-1975
    • (1980) Surv Ophthalmol , vol.24 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 335-610
    • Leibowitz, H.M.1    Krueger, D.E.2    Maunder, L.R.3
  • 5
    • 0029414991 scopus 로고
    • Age-related macular degeneration. An epidemiological study of 1000 elderly individuals. With reference to prevalence, funduscopic findings, visual impairment and risk factors
    • (1995) Acta Ophthalmol Scand Suppl , Issue.217 , pp. 1-32
    • Vinding, T.1
  • 6
    • 0028934221 scopus 로고
    • An international classification and grading system for age-related maculopathy and age-related macular degeneration
    • The International ARM Epidemiological Study Group
    • (1995) Surv Ophthalmol , vol.39 , Issue.5 , pp. 367-374
    • Bird, A.C.1    Bressler, N.M.2    Bressler, S.B.3
  • 18
    • 0025776268 scopus 로고
    • Subfoveal neovascular lesions in age-related macular degeneration. Guidelines for evaluation and treatment in the macular photocoagulation study
    • (1991) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.109 , Issue.9 , pp. 1242-1257
  • 27
    • 0028364033 scopus 로고
    • Clinicopathologic correlation of choroidal neovascularization demonstrated by indocyanine green angiography in a patient with retention of good vision for almost four years
    • (1994) Retina , vol.14 , Issue.2 , pp. 114-124
    • Chang, T.S.1    Freund, K.B.2    De la Cruz, Z.3
  • 35
  • 42
    • 0023426791 scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of blindness caused by senile macular degeneration in Greenland
    • (1987) Arctic Med Res , vol.46 , Issue.2 , pp. 64-70
    • Rosenberg, T.1
  • 57
    • 0025219503 scopus 로고
    • Visual impairment of age-related macular degeneration. An epidemiological study of 1000 aged individuals
    • (1990) Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh) , vol.68 , Issue.2 , pp. 162-167
    • Vinding, T.1
  • 62
    • 0027213771 scopus 로고
    • Five-year follow-up of fellow eyes of patients with age-related macular degeneration and unilateral extrafoveal choroidal neovascularization
    • (1993) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.111 , Issue.9 , pp. 1189-1199
  • 68
    • 0009039018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Laser treatment in eyes with large drusen. Short-term effects seen in a pilot randomized clinical trial
    • (1998) Ophthalmology , vol.105 , Issue.1 , pp. 11-23
  • 69
    • 0011335034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Choroidal neovascularization in the Choroidal Neovascularization Prevention Trial
    • (1998) Ophthalmology , vol.105 , Issue.8 , pp. 1364-1372
  • 70
    • 8544234955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for choroidal neovascularization in the second eye of patients with juxtafoveal or subfoveal choroidal neovascularization secondary to age-related macular degeneration
    • (1997) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.115 , Issue.6 , pp. 741-747
  • 71
    • 0026409933 scopus 로고
    • Argon laser photocoagulation for neovascular maculopathy. Five-year results from randomized clinical trials
    • (1991) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.109 , Issue.8 , pp. 1109-1114
  • 73
    • 0027237206 scopus 로고
    • Laser photocoagulation of subfoveal neovascular lesions of age-related macular degeneration. Updated findings from two clinical trials
    • (1993) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.111 , Issue.9 , pp. 1200-1209
  • 74
    • 0342632445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Photodynamic therapy of subfoveal choroidal neovascularization in age- related macular degeneration with verteporfin: One-year results of 2 randomized clinical trials-TAP report
    • (1999) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.117 , Issue.10 , pp. 1329-1345
  • 75
    • 1942525885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occult choroidal neovascularization. Influence on visual outcome in patients with age-related macular degeneration
    • (1996) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.114 , Issue.4 , pp. 400-412
  • 78
    • 49949151727 scopus 로고
    • Pathogenesis of disciform detachment of the neuroepithelium. I general concepts and classifications
    • (1967) Am J Ophthalmol , vol.63 , pp. 573-712
    • Gass, J.D.1
  • 79
    • 0017078404 scopus 로고
    • Ageing and degeneration in the macular region: A clinico-pathological study
    • (1976) Br J Ophthalmol , vol.60 , Issue.5 , pp. 324-341
    • Sarks, S.H.1
  • 98
    • 0033859128 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Further evidence for an association of ABCR alleles with age-related macular degeneration. The International ABCR Screening Consortium
    • (2000) Am J Hum Genet , vol.67 , Issue.2 , pp. 487-491
    • Allikmets, R.1
  • 105
    • 0026439413 scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for neovascular age-related macular degeneration
    • (1992) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.110 , Issue.12 , pp. 1701-1708
  • 106
    • 0033652453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors associated with age-related macular degeneration: A case-control study in the age-related eye disease study: Age-related eye disease study report number 3
    • (2000) Ophthalmology , vol.107 , Issue.12 , pp. 2224-2232
  • 116
    • 0023813198 scopus 로고
    • Factors associated with age-related macular degeneration. An analysis of data from the first National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
    • (1988) Am J Epidemiol , vol.128 , Issue.4 , pp. 700-710
    • Goldberg, J.1    Flowerdew, G.2    Smith, E.3
  • 121
    • 0034102998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and age-related macular degeneration
    • Age-Related Macular Degeneration Risk Factors Study Group
    • (2000) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.118 , Issue.3 , pp. 351-358
    • Hyman, L.1    Schachat, A.P.2    He, Q.3
  • 122
    • 0031415654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relation of cardiovascular disease and its risk factors to the 5-year incidence of age-related maculopathy: The Beaver Dam Eye Study
    • (1997) Ophthalmology , vol.104 , Issue.11 , pp. 1804-1812
    • Klein, R.1    Klein, B.E.2    Jensen, S.C.3
  • 129
    • 0025174588 scopus 로고
    • Pigmentation of the eye and hair in relation to age-related macular degeneration. An epidemiological study of 1000 aged individuals
    • (1990) Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh) , vol.68 , Issue.1 , pp. 53-58
    • Vinding, T.1
  • 136
    • 0027946498 scopus 로고
    • Dietary carotenoids, vitamins A, C, and E, and advanced age-related macular degeneration
    • Eye Disease Case-Control Study Group
    • (1994) JAMA , vol.272 , Issue.18 , pp. 1413-1420
    • Seddon, J.M.1    Ajani, U.A.2    Sperduto, R.D.3
  • 137
    • 0027397668 scopus 로고
    • Antioxidant status and neovascular age-related macular degeneration
    • (1993) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.111 , Issue.1 , pp. 104-109
  • 152
    • 0027452475 scopus 로고
    • Age-related macular degeneration histopathologic studies. The 1992 Lorenz E. Zimmerman Lecture
    • (1993) Ophthalmology , vol.100 , Issue.10 , pp. 1519-1535
    • Green, W.R.1    Enger, C.2
  • 159
    • 0021824924 scopus 로고
    • Cellular mechanisms of resolution of drusen after laser coagulation. An experimental study
    • (1985) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.103 , Issue.5 , pp. 694-703
    • Duvall, J.1    Tso, M.O.2
  • 169
    • 0025350021 scopus 로고
    • Propagation of fetal human RPE cells: Preservation of original culture morphology after serial passage
    • (1990) J Cell Physiol , vol.143 , pp. 196-203
    • Song, M.K.1    Lui, G.M.2
  • 179
    • 0002514830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipofuscin and other lysosomal storage deposits in the retinal pigment epithelium
    • Marmor MF, Wolfensberger TJ, editors. New York: Oxford University Press
    • (1998) The retinal pigment epithelium , pp. 651-668
    • Eldred, G.E.1
  • 183
    • 0031230466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A photoreceptor cell-specific ATP-binding transporter gene (ABCR) is mutated in recessive Stargardt macular dystrophy
    • (1997) Nat Genet , vol.17 , Issue.1 , pp. 122
    • Allikmets, R.1
  • 185
    • 0000761427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retinal stimulates ATP hydrolysis by purified and reconstituted ABCR, the photoreceptor-specific ATP-binding cassette transporter responsible for Stargardt disease
    • (1999) J Biol Chem , vol.274 , Issue.12 , pp. 8269-8281
    • Sun, H.1    Molday, R.S.2    Nathans, J.3
  • 186
    • 0033165952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Photoreceptor 'retinoid pumps' in health and disease
    • (1999) Neuron , vol.23 , Issue.3 , pp. 412-414
    • Bok, D.1
  • 188
    • 0033538438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insights into the function of Rim protein in photoreceptors and etiology of Stargardt's disease from the phenotype in abcr knockout mice
    • (1999) Cell , vol.98 , Issue.1 , pp. 13-23
    • Weng, J.1    Mata, N.L.2    Azarian, S.M.3
  • 195
    • 0034650795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Macrophage infiltration correlates with tumor stage and angiogenesis in human malignant melanoma: Possible involvement of TNFalpha and IL-1 alpha
    • (2000) Int J Cancer , vol.85 , Issue.2 , pp. 182-188
    • Torisu, H.1    Ono, M.2    Kiryu, H.3
  • 201
    • 0032807809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polarized vascular endothelial growth factor secretion by human retinal pigment epithelium and localization of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors on the inner choriocapillaris. Evidence for a trophic paracrine relation
    • (1999) Am J Pathol , vol.155 , Issue.2 , pp. 421-428
    • Blaauwgeers, H.G.1    Holtkamp, G.M.2    Rutten, H.3
  • 202
    • 0035106148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intrachoroidal neovascularization in transgenic mice overexpressing vascular endothelial growth factor in the retinal pigment epithelium
    • (2001) Am J Pathol , vol.158 , Issue.3 , pp. 1161-1172
    • Schwesinger, C.1    Yee, C.2    Rohan, R.M.3
  • 206
    • 0031974713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presumed macular choroidal watershed vascular filling, choroidal neovascularization, and systemic vascular disease in patients with age-related macular degeneration
    • (1998) Am J Ophthalmol , vol.125 , Issue.1 , pp. 71-80
    • Ross, R.D.1    Barofsky, J.M.2    Cohen, G.3
  • 207
    • 0031278861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A hemodynamic model of the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration
    • (1997) Am J Ophthalmol , vol.124 , Issue.5 , pp. 677-682
    • Friedman, E.1
  • 216
    • 10344238570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene supplements and lung cancer incidence in the alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene cancer prevention study: Effects of base-line characteristics and study compliance
    • (1996) J Natl Cancer Inst , vol.88 , Issue.21 , pp. 1560-1570
    • Albanes, D.1    Heinonen, O.P.2    Taylor, P.R.3
  • 218
    • 0010607277 scopus 로고
    • The Alpha-Tocopherol BCCPSG. The effect of vitamin E and beta carotene on the incidence of lung cancer and other cancers in male smokers
    • (1994) N Engl J Med , vol.330 , Issue.15 , pp. 1029-1035
  • 224
    • 0033954030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Design of Physicians' Health Study II -a randomized trial of beta-carotene, vitamins E and C, and multivitamins, in prevention of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and eye disease, and review of results of completed trials
    • (2000) Ann Epidemiol , vol.10 , Issue.2 , pp. 125-134
    • Christen, W.G.1    Gaziano, J.M.2    Hennekens, C.H.3
  • 230
    • 0029682632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multicenter ophthalmic and nutritional age-related macular degeneration study -part 1: Design, subjects and procedures
    • (1996) J Am Optom Assoc , vol.67 , Issue.1 , pp. 12-29
    • Richer, S.1
  • 231
    • 0029680973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multicenter ophthalmic and nutritional age-related macular degeneration study -part 2: Antioxidant intervention and conclusions
    • (1996) J Am Optom Assoc , vol.67 , Issue.1 , pp. 30-49
    • Richer, S.1
  • 233
    • 0033436360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS): Design implications AREDS report no. 1
    • The Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group
    • (1999) Control Clin Trials , vol.20 , Issue.6 , pp. 573-600
  • 236
    • 0015816276 scopus 로고
    • Drusen and disciform macular detachment and degeneration
    • (1973) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.90 , Issue.3 , pp. 206-217
    • Gass, J.D.1
  • 239
    • 0029957537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Laser photocoagulation of soft drusen in early age-related maculopathy (ARM). The one-year results of a prospective, randomised trial
    • (1996) Eur J Ophthalmol , vol.6 , Issue.3 , pp. 307-314
    • Frennesson, I.C.1    Nilsson, S.E.2
  • 241
    • 0033511149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Laser-induced drusen reduction improves visual function at 1 year
    • Choroidal Neovascularization Prevention Trial Research Group
    • (1999) Ophthalmology , vol.106 , Issue.7 , pp. 1367-1373
    • Ho, A.C.1    Maguire, M.G.2    Yoken, J.3
  • 243
    • 0033504460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic benefits of infrared (810-nm) diode laser macular grid photocoagulation in prophylactic treatment of nonexudative age-related macular degeneration: Two-year results of a randomized pilot study
    • (1999) Ophthalmology , vol.106 , Issue.11 , pp. 2082-2090
    • Olk, R.J.1    Friberg, T.R.2    Stickney, K.L.3
  • 244
    • 0009050818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic benefits of diode laser grid photocoagulation in prophylactic treatment of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Long term (4-5 years) results of a randomized pilot study
    • ARVO abstract
    • (2000) Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci , vol.41 , Issue.4
    • Olk, R.J.1    Akduman, L.2    Wong, K.L.3
  • 245
    • 8544270082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interferon alfa-2a is ineffective for patients with choroidal neovascularization secondary to age-related macular degeneration. Results of a prospective randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial
    • (1997) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.115 , Issue.7 , pp. 865-872
  • 250
    • 4243307033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The safety of single intravitreal injection of triamcinolone among patients with age-related macular degeneration. One year results of a randomised clinical trial: IVTAS
    • ARVO abstract
    • (2001) Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci , vol.42 , Issue.4
    • Luo, W.1    Gillies, M.2    Simpson, J.3
  • 251
    • 0009080537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The efficacy of a single intravitreal injection of triamcinolone for neovascular age-related macular degeneration. One year results of a randomised clinical trial: IVTAS
    • ARVO abstract
    • (2001) Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci , vol.42 , Issue.4
    • Gillies, M.C.1    Luo, W.2    Chua, W.3
  • 254
    • 4243318956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sub-Tenon's retrobulbar anecortave acetate with and without Visudyne PDT in patients with subfoveal age-related macular degeneration (AMD) - A review of the emerging clinical safety profile of this new experimental treatment
    • ARVO abstract
    • (2001) Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci , vol.42 , Issue.4
    • D'Amico, D.J.1    Adamis, A.P.2    Duker, J.3
  • 258
    • 0000379427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dramatic inhibition of retinal and choroidal neovascularization by oral administration of a kinase inhibitor
    • (1999) Am J Pathol , vol.154 , Issue.6 , pp. 1743-1753
    • Seo, M.S.1    Kwak, N.2    Ozaki, H.3
  • 265
    • 0032978668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of age-related subfoveal neovascular membranes by teletherapy: Results of a non-randomized study
    • (1999) Radiat Med , vol.17 , Issue.2 , pp. 169-173
    • Subasi, M.1    Akmansu, M.2    Or, M.3
  • 269
    • 0031464687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • External beam radiotherapy (20 Gy, 2 Gy fractions) fails to control the growth of choroidal neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration: A review of 111 cases
    • (1997) Retina , vol.17 , Issue.6 , pp. 481-492
    • Stalmans, P.1    Leys, A.2    Van Limbergen, E.3
  • 270
    • 0033511146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective, randomized, double-masked trial on radiation therapy for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (RAD Study)
    • (1999) Ophthalmology , vol.106 , Issue.12 , pp. 2239-2247
  • 279
    • 0026041727 scopus 로고
    • Clinicopathologic studies of treated choroidal neovascular membranes. A review and report of two cases
    • (1991) Retina , vol.11 , Issue.3 , pp. 328-356
    • Green, W.R.1
  • 280
    • 0025372067 scopus 로고
    • Persistent and recurrent neovascularization after krypton laser photocoagulation for neovascular lesions of age-related macular degeneration
    • (1990) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.108 , Issue.6 , pp. 825-831
  • 281
    • 0025887896 scopus 로고
    • Laser photocoagulation of subfoveal recurrent neovascular lesions in age-related macular degeneration. Results of a randomized clinical trial
    • (1991) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.109 , Issue.9 , pp. 1232-1241
  • 282
    • 0026409933 scopus 로고
    • Argon laser photocoagulation for neovascular maculopathy. Five-year results from randomized clinical trials
    • (1991) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.109 , Issue.8 , pp. 1109-1114
  • 283
    • 0028349664 scopus 로고
    • Persistent and recurrent neovascularization after laser photocoagulation for subfoveal choroidal neovascularization of age-related macular degeneration
    • (1994) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.112 , Issue.4 , pp. 489-499
  • 284
    • 0028295691 scopus 로고
    • Visual outcome after laser photocoagulation for subfoveal choroidal neovascularization secondary to age-related macular degeneration. The influence of initial lesion size and initial visual acuity
    • (1994) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.112 , Issue.4 , pp. 480-488
  • 285
    • 0028001631 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of argon green vs krypton red laser for photocoagulation of subfoveal choroidal neovascularization in the macular photocoagulation study
    • (1994) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.112 , Issue.9 , pp. 1176-1184
  • 286
    • 0028347341 scopus 로고
    • Laser photocoagulation for juxtafoveal choroidal neovascularization. Five-year results from randomized clinical trials
    • (1994) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.112 , Issue.4 , pp. 500-509
  • 287
    • 4243333294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Choroidal neovascularization. Treatment guidelines for age-related macular degeneration based upon results from the macular photocoagulation study
    • Quiroz-Mercado H, Alfaro DV, Liggett PE, et al., editors. Philadelphia (PA): Lippincott
    • (2000) Macular surgery , pp. 201-212
    • Weisz, J.M.1    O'Connell, S.R.2    Bressler, N.M.3
  • 290
    • 0020027985 scopus 로고
    • Argon laser photocoagulation for senile macular degeneration. Results of a randomized clinical trial
    • (1982) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.100 , Issue.6 , pp. 912-918
  • 291
    • 0025837828 scopus 로고
    • Laser photocoagulation of subfoveal neovascular lesions in age-related macular degeneration. Results of a randomized clinical trial
    • (1991) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.109 , Issue.9 , pp. 1220-1231
  • 292
    • 0025368325 scopus 로고
    • Krypton laser photocoagulation for neovascular lesions of age-related macular degeneration. Results of a randomized clinical trial
    • (1990) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.108 , Issue.6 , pp. 816-824
  • 293
    • 0033808222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Submacular surgery trials randomized pilot trial of laser photocoagulation versus surgery for recurrent choroidal neovascularization secondary to age-related macular degeneration: I. Ophthalmic outcomes. Submacular surgery trials pilot study report number 1(2)
    • (2000) Am J Ophthalmol , vol.130 , Issue.4 , pp. 387-407
  • 294
    • 0029960640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Macular scatter ('grid') laser treatment of poorly demarcated subfoveal choroidal neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration. Results of a randomized pilot trial
    • (1996) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.114 , Issue.12 , pp. 1456-1464
    • Bressler, N.M.1    Maguire, M.G.2    Murphy, P.L.3
  • 301
    • 0009006570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Photodynamic therapy for choroidal neovascularization and age-related macular degeneration
    • Quiroz-Mercado H, Alfaro DV, Liggett PE, et al., editors. Philadelphia (PA): Lippincott
    • (2000) Macular surgery , pp. 240-250
    • Miller, J.M.1    Gragoudas, E.S.2
  • 304
    • 0029864913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liposomal benzoporphyrin derivative verteporfin photodynamic therapy. Selective treatment of choroidal neovascularization in monkeys
    • (1996) Ophthalmology , vol.103 , Issue.3 , pp. 427-438
    • Kramer, M.1    Miller, J.W.2    Michaud, N.3
  • 311
    • 0035038772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Photodynamic therapy of subfoveal choroidal neovascularization in pathologic myopia with verteporfin. 1-Year results of a randomized clinical trial -VIP report no. 1
    • (2001) Ophthalmology , vol.108 , Issue.5 , pp. 841-852
  • 313
    • 0035258974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Update in retina: Photodynamic therapy for the treatment of subfoveal choroidal neovascularization secondary to age-related macular degeneration
    • (2001) Can J Ophthalmol , vol.36 , Issue.1 , pp. 7-10
    • Sharma, S.1
  • 314
    • 0000762368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence of predominantly classic choroidal neovascular membranes (CNV) in exudative age related macular degeneration (AMD): Percentage of new patients eligible for photodynamic therapy with verteporfin
    • ARVO abstract
    • (2001) Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci , vol.42 , Issue.4
    • Baudo, T.A.1    Velez, G.2    Luu, J.K.3
  • 320
    • 0033802879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Submacular surgery trials randomized pilot trial of laser photocoagulation versus surgery for recurrent choroidal neovascularization secondary to age-related macular degeneration: II Quality of life outcomes. Submacular surgery trials pilot study report number 2
    • (2000) Am J Ophthalmol , vol.130 , Issue.4 , pp. 408-418
  • 327
  • 338
    • 0033429689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A study of the ability of tissue plasminogen activator to diffuse into the subretinal space after intravitreal injection in rabbits
    • (1999) Am J Ophthalmol , vol.128 , Issue.6 , pp. 739-746
    • Kamei, M.1    Misono, K.2    Lewis, H.3
  • 347
    • 0033801201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Macular translocation
    • (2000) Ophthalmology , vol.107 , Issue.5 , pp. 1015-1018
  • 349
    • 0033208781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transpupillary thermotherapy of occult subfoveal choroidal neovascularization in patients with age-related macular degeneration
    • (1999) Ophthalmology , vol.106 , Issue.10 , pp. 1908-1914
    • Reichel, E.1    Berrocal, A.M.2    Ip, M.3
  • 350
    • 0034800655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial of high dose supplementation with vitamins C and E, beta carotene, and zinc for age-related macular degeneration and vision loss
    • (2001) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.119 , Issue.10 , pp. 1417-1436


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.