Regulation of helper T cell responses to staphylococcal superantigens

European Cytokine Network

Volumn 12, Issue 2, 2001, Pages 210-222

  Cameron, S B ^a   Nawijn, M C ^a   Kum, W W S ^a   Savelkoul, H F J ^a   Chow, A W ^a  

^a VANCOUVER HOSPITAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES CENTRE   (Canada)

Author keywords

Cytokines; IL 10; Staphylococcal superantigens; Th1; Th2; Tr1

Indexed keywords

BACTERIAL ANTIGEN; CYTOKINE; GAMMA INTERFERON; INTERLEUKIN 10; INTERLEUKIN 12; INTERLEUKIN 18; INTERLEUKIN 2; INTERLEUKIN 4; INTERLEUKIN 6; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN CLASS 2; STAPHYLOCOCCUS ENTEROTOXIN; STAPHYLOCOCCUS TOXIN; SUPERANTIGEN; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA;

CYTOKINE PRODUCTION; HELPER CELL; HUMAN; IMMUNOREGULATION; INFLAMMATION; LYMPHOCYTE DIFFERENTIATION; NONHUMAN; REVIEW; T LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION; T LYMPHOCYTE SUBPOPULATION; TH1 CELL; TH2 CELL; TOXIC SHOCK SYNDROME;

CYTOKINES; HUMANS; LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION; SHOCK, SEPTIC; STAPHYLOCOCCUS; SUPERANTIGENS; T-LYMPHOCYTES, HELPER-INDUCER;

BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); STAPHYLOCOCCUS;

EID: 0034987466     PISSN: 11485493     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (136)

1. egc, a highly prevalent operon of enterotoxin gene, forms a putative nursery of superantigens in Staphylococcus aureus
2. Pyrogenic toxin superantigen site specificity in toxic shock syndrome and food poisoning in animals
3. Superantigens in human disease
4. The enterotoxin D plasmid of Staphylococcus aureus encodes a second enterotoxin determinant (sej)
5. Involvement of enterotoxins G and I in staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome and staphylococcal scarlet fever
6. Modulation of disease by superantigens
7. Pyrogenic toxins of Staphylococcus aureus in sudden unexpected nocturnal deaths in adults and older children: Factors influencing the control of inflammatory responses to toxic shock syndrome toxins
8. The staphylococcal enterotoxins and their relatives
9. Toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 as an inducer of human tumor necrosis factors and gamma interferon
10. Improved purification and biologic activities of staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome toxin 1
11. Mediators in the pathogenesis of toxic shock syndrome: Overview
12. Staphylococcal and streptococcal pyrogenic toxins involved in toxic shock syndrome and related illness
13. Invasive group A streptococcal infections in Ontario, Canada
14. Clinical spectrum of nonmenstrual toxic shock syndrome (TSS): Comparison with menstrual TSS by multivariate discriminate analyses
15. Superantigens and their potential role in human disease
16. Immunoregulatory role of IL-10 during superantigen-induced hyporesponsiveness in vivo
17. Human pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine patterns induced by Streptococcus pyrogenes erythrogenic (pyrogenic) exotoxin A and C superantigens
18. Microbial superantigens stimulate T cells by the superantigen bridge and independently by a cytokine pathway
19. Induction of a cytokine network by superantigens with parallel Th1 and Th2 stimulation
20. Superantigens - Powerful modifiers of the immune system
21. Toxic shock syndrome in the United States: Surveillance update, 1979-1996
22. Clinical manifestations of toxic shock syndrome
23. Toxic shock syndrome: Clinical and laboratory findings in 30 patients
24. Recurrent nonmenstrual toxic shock syndrome: Clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment
25. Superantigen-reactive T cells that display an anergic phenotype in vitro appear functional in vivo
26. Reactivity of mouse T cell hybridomas expressing human Vbeta gene segments with staphylococcal and streptococcal superantigens
27. Purification and purity assessment of toxic shock syndrome toxine 1
28. A rabbit model of toxic shock syndrome that uses a constant, subcutaneous infusion of toxic shock syndrome toxin 1
29. Interleukins-6 and -11 protect mice from mortality in a staphylococcal enterotoxin-induced toxic shock model
30. Interleukin-10 protects mice against staphylococcal enterotoxin B-induced lethal shock
31. Anti-gamma interferon and anti-interleukin-6 antibodies affect staphylococcal enterotoxin B-induced weight loss, hypoglycemia, and cytokine release in D-galactosamine-sensitized and unsensitized mice
32. T cell mediated lethal shock triggered in mice by the superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B: Critical role of tumor necrosis factor
33. Superantigen mediated shock: A cytokine release syndrome
34. Pathogenesis of the toxic shock syndrome: T cell mediated lethal shock caused by the superantigen TSST-1
35. Protection against lethal toxic shock by targeted disruption of the CD28 gene
36. Toxic shock syndrome toxin-1-induced death is prevented by CTLA4Ig
37. IL-12 rescues galactosamine-loaded mice from lethal shock triggered by staphylococcal enterotoxin
38. Galactosamine hepatitis: Key role of the nucleotide deficiency period in the pathogenesis of cell injury and cell death
39. Modification of the hepatotoxicity of D-galactosamine in the rat by cycloheximide
40. Glucocorticoid-mediated control of the activation and clonal deletion of peripheral T cells in vivo
41. Systemic release and protective role of IL-10 in staphyloccal enterotoxin B-induced shock in mice
42. The crucial role of IL-10 in the suppression of the immunological response in mice exposed to staphylococcal enterotoxin B
43. Vβ-specific stimulation of human T cells by staphylococcal toxins
44. Induction of tumour necrosis factor and interleukin-1 by purified staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 requires the presence of both monocytes and T lymphocytes
45. The structural basis of T cell activation by superantigens
46. Interactions between staphylococcal superantigens and MHC class II molecules
47. + T cells from tolerance induction by the superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B
48. B7.2 provides co-stimulatory functions in vivo in response to staphylococcal enterotoxin B
49. The superantigen toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 induces CD40 ligand expression and modulates IgE isotype switching
50. Synergistic effect between CD40 and class II signals overcome the requirement for class II dimerization in superantigen-induced cytokine gene expression
51. Role of the adhesion molecule lymphocyte function associated antigen 1 in toxic shock syndrome toxin 1-induced tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1β secretion by human monocytes
52. Induction of acute inflammation in vivo by staphylococcal superantigens. II. Critical role for chemokines, ICAM-1, and TNF-α
53. A kinetic comparative study on lymphocyte responses to superantigen and phytohemagglutinin: Reciprocal presentation of superantigen on the surface of activated lymphocytes
54. Superantigens: The paradox of T cell activation versus inactivation
55. Staphylococcal enterotoxin B primes cytokine secretion and lytic activity in response to native bacterial antigens
56. Two types of murine helper T cell clone. I. Definition according to profiles of lymphokine activities and secreted proteins
57. The absence of IL-6 does not affect Th2 cell development in vivo, but does lead to impaired proliferation, IL-2 receptor expression, and B cell responses
58. Interleukin-10
59. Functional diversity of helper T lymphocytes
60. Cytokines induce the development of functionally heterogeneous T helper cell subsets
61. + T cell subsets in autoimmunity
62. + T cell subset, inhibits antigen-specific T cell responses and prevents colitis
63. Anergy and cytokine-mediated suppression as distinct superantigen-induced tolerance mechanisms in vivo
64. Superantigens associated with staphylococcal and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome are potent inducers of tumour necrosis factor-B synthesis
65. Production of tumour necrosis factors by human T cells stimulated by a superantigen, toxic shock syndrome toxin-1
66. Bacterial superantigen-induced human lymphocyte responses are nitric oxide dependent and mediated by IL-12 and IFN-gamma
67. Persistent production of Th2-type cytokines and polyclonal B cell activation after chronic administration of staphylococcal enterotoxin B in mice
68. Expansion and clonal deletion of peripheral T cells induced by bacterial superantigen is independent of the interleukin-2 pathway
69. T cells made deficient in interleukin-2 production by exposure to staphylococcal enterotoxin B in vivo are primed for interferon-gamma and interleukin-10 secretion
70. Activation and re-activation potential of T cells responding to staphylococcal enterotoxin B
71. Prevention of superantigen-induced tolerance in vivo by interleukin-2 treatment
72. Induction of human interleukin-1 by a product of Staphylococcus aureus associated with toxic shock syndrome
73. Interleukin-8 production by human monocytic cells in response to staphylococcal exotoxins is direct and independent of interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha
74. IL-10-induced anergy in peripheral T cell and reactivation by microenvironmental cytokines: Two key steps in specific immunotherapy
75. + T cells induces functional but non-proliferative T cells in vivo
76. Effect of staphylococcal enterotoxin B-induced anergy on cytokine gene expression: Anergy-sensitive and resistant mRNA expression
77. Unique cytokine production profile of anergic human T cells in SCID-hu mice after staphylococcal enterotoxin B administration
78. Distribution and kinetics of superantigen-induced cytokine gene expression in mouse spleen
79. Hepatic injury and lethal shock in galactosamine-sensitized mice induced by the superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B
80. Immunomodulatory properties of interferon-gamma. An update
81. Dendritic cells are potent antigen-presenting cells for microbial superantigens
82. Transforming growth factor-beta
83. Minimal tumor necrosis factor receptor binding protein: Optimum biological activity of a truncated p55 soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor-IgG fusion protein
84. Effects of IL-12 on helper T cell-dependent immune responses in vivo
85. Effects of IL-12 on immune responses to microbial infections: A key mediator in regulating disease outcome
86. An interleukin (IL)-10/IL-12 immunoregulatory circuit controls susceptiblity to autoimmune diseases
87. + thymocytes into functionally mature Th2 cells. Exogenous interleukin-12 is required for priming thymocytes to produce both Th1 cytokines and interleukin-10
88. IL-12-induced IL-10 production by human T cells as a negative feedback for IL-12 induced immune responses
89. IL-18: A TH1-inducing, proinflammatory cytokine and new member of the IL-1 family
90. Role of interleukin-18 (IL-18) during lethal shock: Decreased lipopolysaccharide sensitivity but normal superantigen reaction in IL-18-deficient mice
91. Inhibition of toxic shock syndrome toxin-1-induced cytokine production and T cell activation by interleukin-10, interleukin-4, and dexamethasone
92. Interleukin-4 and interferon-gamma: The quintessence of a mutual antagonistic relationship
93. Differential inhibitory effects of interleukin-10, interleukin-4, and dexamethasone on staphylococcal enterotoxin-induced cytokine production and T cell activation
94. B cell stimulatory factor-1/interleukin-4
95. IL-4 inhibits the production of TNF-α and IL-12 by STAT6-dependent and -independent mechanisms
96. + T cells
97. + T cell lines
98. IL-2, IL-4, and IFN-γ gene expression versus secretion in superantigen-activated T cells. Distinct requirement for costimulatory signals through adhesion molecules
99. Sequential production of IL-2, IFN-γ and IL-10 by individual staphylococcal enterotoxin B-activated T helper lymphocytes
100. A sigma ligand, SR 31747A, potently modulates staphylococcal enterotoxin B-induced cytokine production in mice
101. Leukemia inhibitory factor, interleukin-6, and other cytokines using the GP130 transducing receptor: Roles in inflammation and injury
102. IL-6 is an antiinflammatory cytokine required for controlling local or systemic acute inflammatory responses
103. + T cells
104. High amounts of circulating interleukin (IL)-6 in the form of monomeric immune complexes during anti-IL-6 therapy. Towards a new methodology for measuring overall cytokine production in humans in vivo
105. Increased circulating interleukin-6 (IL-6) activity in endotoxin-challenged mice pretreated with anti-IL-6 antibody is due to IL-6 accumulated in antigen-antibody complexes
106. The role of different subsets of T regulatory cells in controlling autoimmunity
107. T-regulatory 1 cells: A novel subset of CD4 T cells with immunoregulatory properties
108. + immunoregulatory T cells is antigen nonspecific
109. Activated self-MHC-reactive T cells have the cytokine phenotype of Th3/T regulatory cell 1 T cells
110. Regulatory T cells and inflammatory bowel disease
111. High levels of interleukin-10 production in vivo are associated with tolerance in SCID patients transplanted with HLA mismatched hemapoetic stem cells
112. Cytokine secretion profile of myelin basic protein-specific T cells in multiple sclerosis
113. Activation of regulatory cells suppresses experimental allergic encephalomyelitis via secretion of IL-10
114. What is the role of regulatory T cells in transplant tolerance?
115. Tolerance towards resident intestinal flora in mice is abrogated in experimental colitis and restored by treatment with interleukin-10 or antibodies to interleukin-12
116. + T cells
117. High-sensitivity immunofluorescence for detection of the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines gamma interferon and interleukin-10 on the surface of cytokine-secreting cells
118. Preincubation of human resting T cell clones with interleukin-10 strongly enhances their ability to produce cytokines after stimulation
119. STAT3-dependent induction of p19INK4D by IL-10 contributes to inhibition of macrophage proliferation
120. IL-10 inhibits human T cell proliferation and IL-2 production
121. Mechanism of interleukin-10 inhibition of T-helper cell activation by superantigen at the level of the cell cycle
122. + T cell clones and resting T cells
123. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) inhibits cytokine synthesis by human monocytes: An autoregulatory role of IL-10 produced by monocytes
124. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) and viral IL-10 strongly reduce antigen-specific human T cell proliferation by diminishing the antigen-presentation capacity of monocytes via down-regulation of class II major histocompatibility complex expression
125. IL-10 augments CD23 expression on U937 cells and down-regulates IL-4-driven CD23 expression on cultured human blood monocytes: Effects of IL-10 and other cytokines on cell phenotype and phagocytosis
126. Regulation of T helper cell responses in experimental murine schistosomiasis by IL-10. Effect on expression of B7 and B7-2 costimulatory molecules by macrophages
127. Interleukin-10 inhibits B7 and intracellular adhesion moelcule-1 expression on human monocytes
128. Molecular mechanisms of the induction of IL-12 and its inhibition by IL-10
129. Transforming growth factor beta and cyclosporin A inhibit the inducible activity of the interleukin-2 gene in T cells through a non-canonical octamer-binding site
130. Mechanisims of TGF-beta-induced cell cycle arrest
131. Suppressor T cells generated by oral tolerization to myelin basic protein suppresses both in vitro and in vivo immune responses by the release of transforming growth factor β after antigen specific triggering
132. + T cells that prevent diabetes onset in nonobese diabetic mice
133. TGF-beta1 down-regulates Th2 development and results in decreased IL-4-induced STAT6 activation and GATA-3 expression
134. Transforming growth factor-beta-induced expression of CD94/NKG2A inhibitory receptors in human T lymphocytes
135. Staphylococcal enterotoxin B and tumor-necrosis factor-alpha-induced relapses of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis: Protection by transforming growth factor-beta and interleukin-10
136. Effect of treatments with cyclosporin A and anti-interferon-gamma antibodies on the mechanisms of immune tolerance in staphylococcal enterotoxin B primed mice