Epidermal differentiation, apoptosis, and senescence: Common pathways?

Experimental Gerontology

Volumn 35, Issue 1, 2000, Pages 53-62

  Gandarillas, Alberto ^a  

^a CNRS   (France)

Author keywords

Bcl 2; Caspase; Integrins; Keratinocytes; Myc; p16; p21; p53; Telomerase; Transglutaminase

Indexed keywords

CASPASE; INTEGRIN; PROTEIN BCL 2; PROTEIN GLUTAMINE GAMMA GLUTAMYLTRANSFERASE; PROTEIN P16; PROTEIN P21; PROTEIN P53; TELOMERASE;

APOPTOSIS; CELL AGING; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELL PROLIFERATION; EPIDERMIS; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; KERATINOCYTE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SENESCENCE; TISSUE DIFFERENTIATION;

ANIMALS; APOPTOSIS; CELL AGING; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; EPIDERMIS; HUMANS; KERATINOCYTES;

EID: 0034141898     PISSN: 05315565     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0531-5565(99)00088-1     Document Type: Review

References (49)

1. Adams J.C., Watt F.M. Fibronectin inhibits the terminal differentiation of human keratinocytes. Nature. 340:1989;307-309.
2. Arnold R., Seifert M., Asadullah K., Volk H.D. Crosstalk between keratinocytes and T lymphocytes via Fas/Fas ligand interaction modulation by cytokines . J Immunol. 162:1999;7140-7147.
3. Bernerd F., Asselineau D. Successive alteration and recovery of epidermal differentiation and morphogenesis after specific UVB-damages in skin reconstructed in vitro. Dev Biol. 183:1997;123-138.
4. Campisi J. The role of cellular senescence in skin aging. J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc. 3:1998;1-5.
5. Dimri G.P., Lee X., Basile G., Acosta M., Scott G., Roskelley C., Medrano E.E., Linskens M., Rubelj I., Pereira-Smith O. A biomarker that identifies senescent human cells in culture and in aging skin in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 92:1995;9363-9367.
6. Frisch S.M., Ruoslahti E. Integrins and anoikis. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 9:1997;701-706.
7. Fuchs E., Byrne C. The epidermis rising to the surface . Curr Opin Genet Dev. 4:1994;725-736.
8. Gandarillas A., Goldsmith L.A., Gschmeissner S., Leigh I.M., Watt F.M. Evidence that apoptosis and terminal differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes are distinct processes. Exp Dermatol. 8:1999;71-79.
9. Gandarillas A., Watt F.M. c-Myc promotes differentiation of human epidermal stem cells. Genes Dev. 11:1997;2869-2882.
10. Green H. Terminal differentiation of cultured human epidermal cells. Cell. 11:1977;405-416.
11. Haake A.R., Cooklis M. Incomplete differentiation of fetal keratinocytes in the skin equivalent leads to the default pathway of apoptosis. Exp Cell Res. 231:1997;83-95.
12. Haake A.R., Roublevskaia I., Cooklis M. Apoptosis a role in skin aging? J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc. 3:1998;28-35.
13. Harada H., Mitsuyasu T., Seta Y., Maruoka Y., Toyoshima K., Yasumoto S. Overexpression of bcl-2 protein inhibits terminal differentiation of oral keratinocytes in vitro. J Oral Pathol Med. 27:1998;11-17.
14. Harle-Bachor C., Boukamp P. Telomerase activity in the regenerative basal layer of the epidermis inhuman skin and in immortal and carcinoma-derived skin keratinocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 93:1996;6476-6481.
15. Harvat B.L., Wang A., Seth P., Jetten A.M. Up-regulation of p27Kip1, p21WAF1/Cip1 and p16Ink4a is associated with, but not sufficient for, induction of squamous differentiation. J Cell Sci. 111:1998;1185-1196.
16. Hauser P.J., Agrawal D., Flanagan M., Pledger W.J. The role of p27kip1 in the in vitro differentiation of murine keratinocytes. Cell Growth Differ. 8:1997;203-211.
17. Hu Y., Baud V., Delhase M., Zhang P., Deerinck T., Ellisman M., Johnson R., Karin M. Abnormal morphogenesis but intact IKK activation in mice lacking the IKKalpha subunit of IkappaB kinase. Science. 284:1999;316-320.
18. Judware R., Culp L.A. Concomitant down-regulation of expression of integrin subunits by N-myc in human neuroblastoma cells differential regulation of alpha2, alpha3 a, alpha3, and beta1 . Oncogene. 14:1997;1341-1350.
19. Kerr J.F., Wyllie A.H., Currie A.R. Apoptosis a basic biological phenomenon with wide-ranging implications in tissue kinetics . Br J Cancer. 26:1972;239-257.
20. Kiyono T., Foster S.A., Koop J.I., McDougall J.K., Galloway D.A., Klingelhutz A.J. Both Rb/p16INK4a inactivation and telomerase activity are required to immortalize human epithelial cells. Nature. 396:1998;84-88.
21. Lu Q.L., Poulsom R., Wong L., Hanby A.M. Bcl-2 expression in adult and embryonic non-haematopoietic tissues. J Pathol. 169:1993;431-437.
22. Michel M., Torok N., Godbout M.J., Lussier M., Gaudreau P., Royal A., Germain L. Keratin 19 as a biochemical marker of skin stem cells in vivo and in vitro keratin 19 expressing cells are differentially localized in function of anatomic sites, and their number varies with donor age and culture stage . J Cell Sci. 109:1996;1017-1028.
23. Mitra R.S., Wrone-Smith T., Simonian P., Foreman K.E., Nunez G., Nickoloff B.J. Apoptosis in keratinocytes is not dependent on induction of differentiation. Lab Invest. 76:1997;99-107.
24. Munro J., Stott F.J., Vousden K.H., Peters G., Parkinson E.K. Role of the alternative INK4A proteins in human keratinocyte senescence evidence for the specific inactivation of p16INK4A upon immortalization . Cancer Res. 59:1999;2516-2521.
25. Norsgaard H., Clark B.F., Rattan S.I. Distinction between differentiation and senescence and the absence of increased apoptosis in human keratinocytes undergoing cellular aging in vitro. Exp Gerontol. 31:1996;563-570.
26. Olson R.L., Everett M.A. Epidermal apoptosis cell deletion by phagocytosis . J Cutan Pathol. 2:1975;53-57.
27. Packham G., Cleveland J.L. c-Myc and apoptosis. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1242:1995;11-28.
28. Pelengaris S., Littlewood T., Khan M., Elia G., Evan G. Reversible activation of c-Myc in skin induction of a complex neoplastic phenotype by a single oncogenic lesion . Mol Cell. 3:1999;565-577.
29. Pena J.C., Fuchs E., Thompson C.B. Bcl-x expression influences keratinocyte cell survival but not terminal differentiation. Cell Growth Differ. 8:1997;619-629.
30. Polakowska R.R., Piacentini M., Bartlett R., Goldsmith L.A., Haake A.R. Apoptosis in human skin development morphogenesis, periderm, and stem cells . Dev Dyn. 199:1994;176-188.
31. Raff M.C., Barres B.A., Burne J.F., Coles H.S., Ishizaki Y., Jacobson M.D. Programmed cell death and the control of cell survival lessons from the nervous system . Science. 262:1993;695-700.
32. Rodriguez-Villanueva J., Greenhalgh D., Wang X.J., Bundman D., Cho S., Delehedde M., Roop D., McDonnell T.J. Human keratin-1.bcl-2 transgenic mice aberrantly express keratin 6, exhibit reduced sensitivity to keratinocyte cell death induction, and are susceptible to skin tumor formation. Oncogene. 16:1998;853-863.
33. Schwartz L.M., Smith S.W., Jones M.E., Osborne B.A. Do all programmed cell deaths occur via apoptosis? Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 90:1993;980-984.
34. Sedman S.A., Hubbert N.L., Vass W.C., Lowy D.R., Schiller J.T. Mutant p53 can substitute for human papillomavirus type 16 E6 in immortalization of human keratinocytes but does not have E6-associated trans-activation or transforming activity. J Virol. 66:1992;4201-4208.
35. Stoll S.W., Benedict M., Mitra R., Hiniker A., Elder J.T., Nunez G. EGF receptor signaling inhibits keratinocyte apoptosis evidence for mediation by Bcl-XL . Oncogene. 16:1998;1493-1499.
36. Takeda K., Takeuchi O., Tsujimura T., Itami S., Adachi O., Kawai T., Sanjo H., Yoshikawa K., Terada N., Akira S. Limb and skin abnormalities in mice lacking IKKalpha. Science. 284:1999;313-316.
37. Tamada Y., Takama H., Kitamura T., Yokochi K., Nitta Y., Ikeya T., Matsumoto Y. Identification of programmed cell death in normal human skin tissues by using specific labeling of fragmented DNA. Br J Dermatol. 131:1994;521-524.
38. Topley G.I., Okuyama R., Gonzales J.G., Conti C., Dotto G.P. p21(WAF1/Cip1) functions as a suppressor of malignant skin tumor formation and a determinant of keratinocyte stem-cell potential. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 96:1999;9089-9094.
39. Vaux D.L., Korsmeyer S.J. Cell death in development. Cell. 96:1999;245-254.
40. Watt F.M. Terminal differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 1:1989;1107-1115.
41. Weil M., Raff M.C., Braga V.M. Caspase activation in the terminal differentiation of human epidermal keratinocytes. Curr Biol. 9:1999;361-364.
42. Weinberg W.C., Azzoli C.G., Chapman K., Levine A.J., Yuspa S. H. p53-mediated transcriptional activity increases in differentiating epidermal keratinocytes in association with decreased p53 protein. Oncogene. 10:1995;2271-2279.
43. Weinberg R.A. Telomeres. Bumps on the road to immortality. Nature. 396:1998;23-24.
44. White E. Life, death, and the pursuit of apoptosis. Genes Dev. 10:1996;1-15.
45. Woodworth C.D., Wang H., Simpson S., Alvarez-Salas L.M., Notario V. Overexpression of wild-type p53 alters growth and differentiation of normal human keratinocytes but not human papillomavirus-expressing cell lines. Cell Growth Differ. 4:1993;367-376.
46. Wrone-Smith T., Johnson T., Nelson B., Boise L.H., Thompson C.B., Nunez G., Nickoloff B.J. Discordant expression of Bcl-x and Bcl-2 by keratinocytes in vitro and psoriatic keratinocytes in vivo. Am J Pathol. 146:1995;1079-1088.
47. Wrone-Smith T., Mitra R.S., Thompson C.B., Jasty R., Castle V.P., Nickoloff B.J. Keratinocytes derived from psoriatic plaques are resistant to apoptosis compared with normal skin. Am J Pathol. 151:1997;1321-1329.
48. Yaar M., Gilchrest B.A. Aging versus photoaging postulated mechanisms and effectors . J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc. 3:1998;47-51.
49. Ziegler A., Jonason A.S., Leffell D.J., Simon J.A., Sharma H.W., Kimmelman J., Remington L., Jacks T., Brash D.E. Sunburn and p53 in the onset of skin cancer. Nature. 372:1994;773-776.