Physalis alkekengi L. var. franchetii (Mast.) Makino: An ethnomedical, phytochemical and pharmacological review

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

Volumn 210, Issue , 2018, Pages 260-274

  Li, Ai Ling ^a   Chen, Bang Jiao ^b   Li, Guo Hui ^c   Zhou, Ming Xing ^a   Li, Yan Ru ^a   Ren, Dong Mei ^a   Lou, Hong Xiang ^a   Wang, Xiao Ning ^a   Shen, Tao ^a  

^a SHANDONG UNIVERSITY   (China)

^b Third Hospital of Jinan   (China)

^c JINAN MATERNITY AND CHILD CARE HOSPITAL   (China)

Author keywords

Ethnomedical uses; Pharmacology; Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii; Phytochemistry

Indexed keywords

ANTIDIABETIC AGENT; ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; ANTIOXIDANT; DIURETIC AGENT; FLAVONOID; PHYSALIS ALKEKENGI FRANCHETII EXTRACT; PLANT EXTRACT; STEROID; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY; ANTIINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY; ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; CELL PROLIFERATION; DIURETIC ACTIVITY; ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY; HUMAN; IMMUNOMODULATION; IN VITRO STUDY; IN VIVO STUDY; MEDLINE; PHARYNGITIS; PHYSALIS; PHYSALIS ALKEKENGI FRANCHETII; REVIEW; TRADITIONAL MEDICINE; TUMOR CELL; WEB OF SCIENCE; ANIMAL; CHEMISTRY; CHINESE MEDICINE; FLOWER; PHYTOTHERAPY; PROCEDURES;

ANIMALS; ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY; FLOWERS; HUMANS; MEDICINE, CHINESE TRADITIONAL; MEDICINE, TRADITIONAL; PHYSALIS; PHYTOTHERAPY; PLANT EXTRACTS;

EID: 85028893704     PISSN: 03788741     EISSN: 18727573     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.08.022     Document Type: Review

References (126)

1. Agrawal, A., Pharmacological activities of flavonoids: a review. Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Nanotechnol. 4 (2011), 1394–1398.
2. Asano, N., Kato, A., Kizu, H., Matsui, K., 1β-amino-2α, 3β, 5β-trihydroxycycloheptane from Physalis alkekengi var. francheti. Phytochemistry 42 (1996), 719–721.
3. Asano, N., Kato, A., Oseki, K., Kizu, H., Matsui, K., Calystegins of Physalts alkekengi var. francheti (Solanaceae). Eur. J. Biochem. 229 (1995), 369–376.
4. Bao, C.L., Curative effect of Chinese Physalis alkekengi on mice allergic asthuma. 2008, Yanbian University Thesis, Yanbian.
5. Basey, K., McGaw, B.A., Woolley, J.G., Phygrine, an alkaloid from Physalis species. Phytochemistry 31 (1992), 4173–4176.
6. Baytop, T., Therapy with Medicinal Plants in Turkey (Past and Present). 1999, Nobel Medical Publishers, Istanbul, 216.
7. Beijing Public Health Bureau, Beijing Shi Zhong Yao Cheng Fang Xuan Ji. 1961, People's Medical Publishing House, Beijing.
8. Birt, D.F., Hendrich, S., Wang, W., Dietary agents in cancer prevention: flavonoids and isoflavonoids. Pharmacol. Ther. 90 (2001), 157–177.
9. Brustolim, D., Vasconcelos, J.F., Freitas, L.A.R., Teixeira, M.M., Farias, M.T., Ribeiro, Y.M., Tomassini, T.C., Oliveira, G.G., Pontes-de-Carvalho, L.C., Ribeiro-dos-Santos, R., Activity of physalin F in a collagen-induced arthritis model. J. Nat. Prod. 73 (2010), 1323–1326.
10. Cai, Q., Liu, Y., Ma, Z., Isolation and identification of chemical constituents from the fruit and calyx of Physalis alkekengi L. var. franchetii (mast.) Makino. Shenyang Yao Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 26 (2009), 807–810.
11. Chamberlain, J.M., Klein, B.L., A comprehensive review of naloxone for the emergency physician. Am. J. Emerg. Med. 12 (1994), 650–660.
12. Chen, C.-Y., Peng, W.-H., Tsai, K.-D., Hsu, S.-L., Luteolin suppresses inflammation-associated gene expression by blocking NF-κB and AP-1 activation pathway in mouse alveolar macrophages. Life Sci. 81 (2007), 1602–1614.
13. Chen, L.-X., Xia, G.-Y., Liu, Q.-Y., Xie, Y.-Y., Qiu, F., Chemical constituents from the calyces of Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 54 (2014), 31–35.
14. Chen, L., He, Y., Ning, L., Pang, M., Qiu, F., Zheng, F., 2012. The basis and mechanism of anti inflammatory effect of Physalis alkekengi L. var. franchetii (Mast.) Makino. In: Proceedings of the 2012 Chinese Pharmaceutical Congress, Chinese Pharmaceutical Association, Beijing.
15. Chen, R., Liang, J., Yang, Y., Liu, R., Chemical constituents from Physalis alkekengi and structural revision of Physalin G. Chin. J. Nat. Med. 5 (2007), 186–189.
16. Chen, R., Liang, J.Y., Liu, R., Two novel neophysalins from Physalis alkekengi L. var. franchetii. Helv. Chim. Acta 90 (2007), 963–966.
17. Editorial board of flora of China, Flora of China, 67, 1978, Science Press, Beijing, 54.
18. Funakoshi-Tago, M., Nakamura, K., Tago, K., Mashino, T., Kasahara, T., Anti-inflammatory activity of structurally related flavonoids, apigenin, luteolin and fisetin. Int. Immunopharmacol. 11 (2011), 1150–1159.
19. Gao, P., Jin, M., Du, C., Liu, X., Research progress of Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii. Shenyang Yao Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 31 (2014), 732–737.
20. Ge, Y., Duan, Y., Fang, G., Zhang, Y., Wang, S., Polysaccharides from fruit calyx of Physalis alkekengi var. francheti: isolation, purification, structural features and antioxidant activities. Carbohydr. Polym. 77 (2009), 188–193.
21. Gong, S., Shan, L.-D., Zhang, Y.-Y., Guo, S.-Y., Yu, G.-D., Experimental study on the analgesic effect of Physalis alkekengi L. Suzhou Univ. J. Med. Sci. 22 (2002), 380–382.
22. Gu, G.G., Yang, P.J., Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica. 2007, Academy Press, Beijing.
23. Guo, Y., Liu, J., Nie, L., Dai, Z., Lin, R., Research progress of Physalis alkekengi L var. franchetii (mast.) Makino. Zhong Yao Cai 35 (2012), 2039–2045.
24. Hämäläinen, M., Nieminen, R., Vuorela, P., Heinonen, M., Moilanen, E., Anti-inflammatory effects of flavonoids: genistein, kaempferol, quercetin, and daidzein inhibit STAT-1 and NF-κB activations, whereas flavone, isorhamnetin, naringenin, and pelargonidin inhibit only NF-κB activation along with their inhibitory effect on iNOS expression and NO production in activated macrophages. Mediat. Inflamm., 2007, 2007, 45673.
25. Han, A.-R., Shim, I., Seo, E.-K., Chemical constituents of Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii. Chem. Nat. Compd. 51 (2015), 1160–1161.
26. Han, X., Shen, T., Lou, H., Dietary polyphenols and their biological significance. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 8 (2007), 950–988.
27. Harborne, J.B., The Flavonoids: Advances in Research since 1980. 2013, Springer, Berlin.
28. Havsteen, B.H., The biochemistry and medical significance of the flavonoids. Pharmacol. Ther. 96 (2002), 67–202.
29. He, H., Zang, L.-H., Feng, Y.-S., Chen, L.-X., Kang, N., Tashiro, S.-i., Onodera, S., Qiu, F., Ikejima, T., Physalin A induces apoptosis via p53-Noxa-mediated ROS generation, and autophagy plays a protective role against apoptosis through p38-NF-κB survival pathway in A375-S2 cells. J. Ethnopharmacol. 148 (2013), 544–555.
30. He, H., Zang, L.-H., Feng, Y.-S., Wang, J., Liu, W.-W., Chen, L.-X., Kang, N., Tashiro, S.-i., Onodera, S., Qiu, F., Physalin A induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells. J. Nat. Prod. 76 (2013), 880–888.
31. He, Y., Wang, X., Studies on the chemical constituents of Physalis alkekengil L. var. francheti (mast.) injection. Beijing Zhong Yi Za Zhi 3 (1986), 31–32.
32. Guiyang Health Bureau, Gui Yang Min Jian Yao Cao. 1959, Guizhou People's Press, Guiyang.
33. Health Bureau of Shanxi Revolutionary Committee, Shanxi Zhong Cao Yao. 1972, Shanxi People's Publishing House, Taiyuan.
34. Hong, J.-M., Kwon, O.-K., Shin, I.-S., Song, H.-H., Shin, N.-R., Jeon, C.-M., Oh, S.-R., Han, S.-B., Ahn, K.-S., Anti-inflammatory activities of Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii extract through the inhibition of MMP-9 and AP-1 activation. Immunobiology 220 (2015), 1–9.
35. Hsu, C.-C., Wu, Y.-C., Farh, L., Du, Y.-C., Tseng, W.-K., Wu, C.-C., Chang, F.-R., Physalin B from Physalis angulata triggers the NOXA-related apoptosis pathway of human melanoma A375 cells. Food Chem. Toxicol. 50 (2012), 619–624.
36. Hu, J., Treatment of 160 cases of abscess around tonsil with detoxification and refreshing drink. Shandong Zhong Yi Za Zhi 16 (1997), 452–453.
37. Huang, M.T., Smart, R.C., Wong, C.Q., Conney, A.H., Inhibitory effect of curcumin, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, and ferulic acid on tumor promotion in mouse skin by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. Cancer Res. 48 (1988), 5941–5946.
38. Huxley, R., Lee, C.M.Y., Barzi, F., Timmermeister, L., Czernichow, S., Perkovic, V., Grobbee, D.E., Batty, D., Woodward, M., Coffee, decaffeinated coffee, and tea consumption in relation to incident type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Arch. Intern. Med. 169 (2009), 2053–2063.
39. Ji, L., Yuan, Y., Luo, L., Chen, Z., Ma, X., Ma, Z., Cheng, L., Physalins with anti-inflammatory activity are present in Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii and can function as Michael reaction acceptors. Steroids 77 (2012), 441–447.
40. Jiang, X., Hebei Zhong Cao Yao. 2001, Hebei Science Technology Press, Shijiazhuang.
41. Jin, U.-H., Lee, J.-Y., Kang, S.-K., Kim, J.-K., Park, W.-H., Kim, J.-G., Moon, S.-K., Kim, C.-H., A phenolic compound, 5-caffeoylquinic acid (chlorogenic acid), is a new type and strong matrix metalloproteinase-9 inhibitor: isolation and identification from methanol extract of Euonymus alatus. Life Sci. 77 (2005), 2760–2769.
42. Kang, N., Jian, J.-F., Cao, S.-J., Zhang, Q., Mao, Y.-W., Huang, Y.-Y., Peng, Y.-F., Qiu, F., Gao, X.-M., Physalin A induces G2/M phase cell cycle arrest in human non-small cell lung cancer cells: involvement of the p38 MAPK/ROS pathway. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 415 (2016), 145–155.
43. Kawabata, K., Yamamoto, T., Hara, A., Shimizu, M., Yamada, Y., Matsunaga, K., Tanaka, T., Mori, H., Modifying effects of ferulic acid on azoxymethane-induced colon carcinogenesis in F344 rats. Cancer Lett. 157 (2000), 15–21.
44. Kawai, M., Matsuura, T., The structure of Physalin C: a bitter principle of Physalis alkekengi var. francheti. Tetrahedron 26 (1970), 1743–1745.
45. Kawai, M., Matsuura, T., Kyuno, S., Matsuki, H., Takenaka, M., Katsuoka, T., Butsugan, Y., Saito, K., A new physalin from Physalis alkekengi: structure of hysalin L. Phytochemistry 26 (1987), 3313–3317.
46. Kawai, M., Ogura, T., Makino, B., Matsumoto, A., Yamamura, H., Butsugan, Y., Hayashi, M., Physalins N and O from Physalis alkekengi. Phytochemistry 31 (1992), 4299–4302.
47. Kawai, M., Yamamoto, T., Makino, B., Yamamura, H., Araki, S., Butsugan, Y., Saito, K., The structure of physalin t from Physalis alkekengi var. francheti. J. Asian Nat. Prod. Res. 3 (2001), 199–205.
48. Kim, C.M., Sin, M.K., Ahn, D.K., Lee, K.S., Dictionary of Chinese Materia Medica [in Korean]. 1997, Jungdam Publishing, Seoul.
49. Kim, H.P., Son, K.H., Chang, H.W., Kang, S.S., Anti-inflammatory plant flavonoids and cellular action mechanisms. J. Pharmacol. Sci. 96 (2004), 229–245.
50. Kwon, S.-H., Lee, H.-K., Kim, J.-A., Hong, S.-I., Kim, H.-C., Jo, T.-H., Park, Y.-I., Lee, C.-K., Kim, Y.-B., Lee, S.-Y., Neuroprotective effects of chlorogenic acid on scopolamine-induced amnesia via anti-acetylcholinesterase and anti-oxidative activities in mice. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 649 (2010), 210–217.
51. Li, J., Li, D., Studies on the chemical constituents of Physalis Alkekengil L.var.francheti (mast.) Makino (I). Zhong Cao Yao 33 (2002), 692–693.
52. Li, J., Li, J., Li, D., Studies on the chemical constituents of Physalis Alkekengil L.var.francheti (mast.) Makino (II). Zhong Cao Yao 33 (2002), 788–789.
53. Li, K., Diao, Y., Wang, M., Yang, S., Zhang, H., Huang, S., Yang, H., Chemical constituents of the fruits of Physalis alkekengi L var. franchetii (mast.) Makino. Chin. J. Org. Chem. 30 (2010), 128–131.
54. Li, L., Wang, J., Wang, Y., Wang, L., Wang, H., Ben, X., Anti-virus activities of the extract and effective components isolated from Senecio cannabifolius less. Chin. J. Basic Med. Tradit. Chin. Med. 11 (2005), 585–587.
55. Li, Q., Wen, Z., Liu, W., He, Y., Zhang, S., Wang, X., Clinical observation on treatment of 191 cases of upper respiratory tract infection in children with Physalis Alkekengil L. var. francheti (mast.) injection. Beijing Zhong Yi Za Zhi 3 (1986), 30–31.
56. Li, S.-Z., Ben Cao Gang Mu. 1978, People's Medical Publishing House, Beijing.
57. Li, X., Zhang, C., Li, W., Wu, D., Liu, J., Tang, L., Xin, Y., In vivo effects on the intestinal microflora of Physalis alkekengi var. francheti extracts. Fitoterapia 87 (2013), 43–48.
58. Li, X., Zhang, C., Wu, D., Tang, L., Cao, X., Xin, Y., In vitro effects on intestinal bacterium of physalins from Physalis alkekengi var. Francheti. Fitoterapia 83 (2012), 1460–1465.
59. Li, X., Zhao, J., Yang, M., Liu, Y., Li, Z., Li, R., Li, X., Li, N., Xu, Q., Khan, I.A., Physalins and withanolides from the fruits of Physalis alkekengi L. var. franchetii (Mast.) Makino and the inhibitory activities against human tumor cells. Phytochem. Lett. 10 (2014), 95–100.
60. Li, Z., Zhou, Y., Zhang, N., Tang, N., Liu, B., Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory activity of luteolin in experimental animal models. Planta Med. 73 (2007), 221–226.
61. Liang, H., Cai, Q., Chemical constituents of the fruits of Physalis alkekengi L var. franchetii (mast.) Makino. Zhong Hua Zhong Yi Yao Xue Kan. 25 (2007), 1677–1679.
62. Liaoning College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Liaoning Chang Yong Zhong Cao Yao Shou Ce. 1973, Liaoning People's Publishing House, Shenyang.
63. Lin, F., Wang, J., Chemical constituents of physalins from dried calyx of Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii. Xian Dai Yao Wu Yu Lin Chuang 26 (2011), 469–472.
64. Lin, Y., Shi, R., Wang, X., Shen, H.-M., Luteolin, a Flavonoid with potential for cancer prevention and therapy. Curr. Cancer Drug Targets 8 (2008), 634–646.
65. Liu, X., Pan, Z., Zhuang, X., Liu, G., Niu, H., Lv, Y., Yang, B., Effect and mechanism of aqueous extract of Physalis Alkekengil L. var. francheti (mast.) on thoracic aorta in rats. Zhong Cao Yao 39 (2008), 1709–1712.
66. Liu, Y.-l., Han, S.-Y., Zhao, H., Liang, J., Li, Y.-G., Wang, G.-Y., Hypoglycemic activity of a saponin isolated from fruit calyx of Physalis alkekengi L. var. francheti (mast.) Makino. J. Northeast Norm. Univ. (Nat. Sci. Ed.) 42 (2010), 105–109.
67. Lou, Z., Wang, H., Zhu, S., Ma, C., Wang, Z., Antibacterial activity and mechanism of action of chlorogenic acid. J. Food Sci. 76 (2011), M398–M403.
68. Makino, B., Kawai, M., Iwata, Y., Yamamura, H., Butsugan, Y., Ogawa, K., Hayashi, M., Physalins possessing an endoperoxy structure from Physalis alkekengi var. francheti. structural revision of Physalin K. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 68 (1995), 219–226.
69. Makino, B., Kawai, M., Kito, K., Yamamura, H., Butsugan, Y., New physalins possessing an additional carbon-carbon bond from Physalis alkekengi var. francheti. Tetrahedron 51 (1995), 12529–12538.
70. Mancuso, C., Santangelo, R., Ferulic acid: pharmacological and toxicological aspects. Food Chem. Toxicol. 65 (2014), 185–195.
71. Matsuura, T., Kawai, M., Nakashima, R., Butsugan, Y., Bitter principles of Physalis alkekengi var Francheti: structure of Physalin A. Tetrahedron Lett. 10 (1969), 1083–1086.
72. Meng, S., Cao, J., Feng, Q., Peng, J., Hu, Y., Roles of chlorogenic acid on regulating glucose and lipids metabolism: a review. Evid. Based Complement. Altern. Med., 2013, 2013.
73. Miao, M., Yu, S., Wei, R., Effect of external application of Physalis alkekengi on eczema model. Zhong Yao Yao Li Yu Lin. Chuang 30 (2014), 108–111.
74. Moniruzzaman, M., Bose, S., Kim, Y.-M., Chin, Y.-W., Cho, J., The ethyl acetate fraction from Physalis alkekengi inhibits LPS-induced pro-inflammatory mediators in BV2 cells and inflammatory pain in mice. J. Ethnopharmacol. 181 (2016), 26–36.
75. Murakami, A., Ashida, H., Terao, J., Multitargeted cancer prevention by quercetin. Cancer Lett. 269 (2008), 315–325.
76. Ni, Z., Ge, Y., Qing Er decoction in the treatment of 82 cases of children with acute tonsillitis. Xinjiang Zhong Yi Yao, 22, 2004 (12-12).
77. Nijveldt, R.J., Van Nood, E., Van Hoorn, D.E., Boelens, P.G., Van Norren, K., Van Leeuwen, P.A., Flavonoids: a review of probable mechanisms of action and potential applications. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 74 (2001), 418–425.
78. Ou, S., Kwok, K.-C., Ferulic acid: pharmaceutical functions, preparation and applications in foods. J. Sci. Food Agric. 84 (2004), 1261–1269.
79. Ozawa, M., Morita, M., Hirai, G., Tamura, S., Kawai, M., Tsuchiya, A., Oonuma, K., Maruoka, K., Sodeoka, M., Contribution of cage-shaped structure of physalins to their mode of action in inhibition of NF-κB activation. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. 4 (2013), 730–735.
80. Pharmacopoeia Commission of PRC, Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China, 2015ed., 2015, China Medical Science Press, Beijing, China.
81. Pinto, N.B., Morais, T.C., Carvalho, K., Silva, C.R., Andrade, G.Md, Brito, G.Ad.C., Veras, M.L., Pessoa, O.D.L., Rao, V.S., Santos, F.A., Topical anti-inflammatory potential of Physalin E from Physalis angulata on experimental dermatitis in mice. Phytomedicine 17 (2010), 740–743.
82. Qiu, L., Jiang, Z.-H., Liu, H.-X., Chen, L.-X., Yao, X.-S., Qiu, F., A pair of 3-epimeric physalins from Physalis alkekengi L. var. franchetii. J. Asian Nat. Prod. Res. 10 (2008), 881–885.
83. Qiu, L., Jiang, Z., Liu, H., Chen, L., Qu, G., Qiu, F., Flavonoid glycosides of the calyx Physalis. Shenyang Yao Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 24 (2007), 744–747.
84. Qiu, L., Liu, H., Jiang, Z., Tan, G., Chen, L., Qiu, F., Megastigmane glucosides from the stems and leaves of the Physalis alkekengi L. var. francheti. Shenyang Yao Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 25 (2008), 956–959.
85. Qiu, L., Zhao, F., Jiang, Z.-H., Chen, L.-X., Zhao, Q., Liu, H.-X., Yao, X.-S., Qiu, F., Steroids and flavonoids from Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii and their inhibitory effects on nitric oxide production. J. Nat. Prod. 71 (2008), 642–646.
86. Qiu, L., Zhao, F., Liu, H., Chen, L., Jiang, Z., Liu, H., Wang, N., Yao, X., Qiu, F., Two new megastigmane glycosides, physanosides A and B, from Physalis alkekengi L. var. franchetii, and their effect on NO release in macrophages. Chem. Biodivers. 5 (2008), 758–763.
87. Sá, M.S., de Menezes, M.N., Krettli, A.U., Ribeiro, I.M., Tomassini, T.C., Ribeiro dos Santos, R., de Azevedo, W.F. Jr, Soares, M.B., Antimalarial activity of physalins B, D, F, and G. J. Nat. Prod. 74 (2011), 2269–2272.
88. Sakai, S., Kawamata, H., Kogure, T., Mantani, N., Terasawa, K., Umatake, M., Ochiai, H., Inhibitory effect of ferulic acid and isoferulic acid on the production of macrophage inflammatory protein-2 in response to respiratory syncytial virus infection in RAW264.7 cells. Mediat. Inflamm. 8 (1999), 173–175.
89. Sakai, S., Ochiai, H., Nakajima, K., Terasawa, K., Inhibitory effect of ferulic acid on macrophage inflammatory protein-2 production in a murine macrophage cell line, RAW264.7. Cytokine 9 (1997), 242–248.
90. Shang, D., Zhang, L., Han, S., Wang, G., Adjuvant effect of a novel water-soluble polysaccharide isolated from the stem of Physalis alkekengi L. var. francheti (mast.) Makino. J. Med. Plants Res. 5 (2011), 3814–3818.
91. Sharma, N.K., Kulshreshitha, D.K., Tandon, J.S., Bhakuni, D.S., Dhar, M.M., Two new sterols from Physalis franchetii fruit. Phytochemistry 13 (1974), 2239–2245.
92. Shu, Z., Xing, N., Wang, Q., Li, X., Xu, B., Li, Z., Kuang, H., Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities of Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii and its main constituents. Evid. Based Complement. Altern. Med., 2016, 2016, 4359394.
93. Shu, Z., Xu, B., Xing, N., Li, X., Wang, Q., Yang, B., Kuang, H., Chemical constituents of Physalis calyx seu fructus. Zhong Guo Shi Yan Fang. Ji Xue Za Zhi 20 (2014), 99–102.
94. Soares, M.B.P., Brustolim, D., Santos, L.A., Bellintani, M.C., Paiva, F., Ribeiro, Y.M., Tomassini, T.C.B., Dos Santos, R.R., Physalins B, F and G, seco-steroids purified from Physalis angulata L., inhibit lymphocyte function and allogeneic transplant rejection. Int. Immunopharmacol. 6 (2006), 408–414.
95. Srinivasan, M., Sudheer, A.R., Menon, V.P., Ferulic acid: therapeutic potential through its antioxidant property. J. Clin. Biochem. Nutr. 40 (2007), 92–100.
96. Sunayama, R., Kuroyanagi, M., Umehara, K., Ueno, A., Physalin and neophysalins from Physalis alkekengi var. francheti and their differentiation inducing activity. Phytochemistry 34 (1993), 529–533.
97. Tao, H., Shang, Z., Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing Ji Zhu. 1987, Zhong Yi Gu Ji Press, Beijing.
98. The Plant List, 2017. Version 1.1. Published on the Internet; 〈 〈http://www.theplantlist.org/〉〉 (Accessed 21 January).
99. Tong, H., Liang, Z., Wang, G., Structural characterization and hypoglycemic activity of a polysaccharide isolated from the fruit of Physalis alkekengi L. Carbohydr. Polym. 71 (2008), 316–323.
100. Vandenberghe, I., Créancier, L., Vispé, S., Annereau, J.-P., Barret, J.-M., Pouny, I., Samson, A., Aussagues, Y., Massiot, G., Ausseil, F., Physalin B, a novel inhibitor of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, triggers NOXA-associated apoptosis. Biochem. Pharmacol. 76 (2008), 453–462.
101. Vessal, M., Mehrani, H., Omrani, G.H., Effects of an aqueous extract of Physalis alkekengi fruit on estrus cycle, reproduction and uterine creatine kinase BB-isozyme in rats. J. Ethnopharmacol. 34 (1991), 69–78.
102. Vieira, A.T., Pinho, V., Lepsch, L.B., Scavone, C., Ribeiro, I.M., Tomassini, T., Ribeiro‐dos‐Santos, R., Soares, M.B., Teixeira, M.M., Souza, D.G., Mechanisms of the anti‐inflammatory effects of the natural secosteroids physalins in a model of intestinal ischaemia and reperfusion injury. Br. J. Pharmacol. 146 (2005), 244–251.
103. Wang, C., Wang, X., Cao, X., Xin, Y., Li, X., Prevention effects of Physalis alkekengi extract against antibiotic-induced intestinal microflora imbalance of mice. Zhongguo Yao Fang 25 (2014), 3282–3284.
104. Wang, H.-P., Xu, M.-S., Sun, L., Song, X.-B., Study on the decreasing blood glucose effect of Jindenglong. Zhong Yi Yao Xin Xi 21 (2004), 53–54.
105. Wang, G.-F., Shi, L.-P., Ren, Y.-D., Liu, Q.-F., Liu, H.-F., Zhang, R.-J., Li, Z., Zhu, F.-H., He, P.-L., Tang, W., Anti-hepatitis B virus activity of chlorogenic acid, quinic acid and caffeic acid in vivo and in vitro. Antivir. Res. 83 (2009), 186–190.
106. Wang, X., Zhang, L., Ren, S., Studies on the antioxidant activity of Physalis alkekengi calyx. Zhongguo Shi Pin Xue Bao 10 (2010), 136–140.
107. Wu, l., Cai, Y., Chang, L., Study on the diuresis of alcohol extractive of calyx seu fructus Physalis. J. Mudanjiang Med. Univ. 33 (2012), 5–6.
108. Wei, X.-X., Zhong Yi Tong Zheng Zhen Liao Da Quan. 1992, China Press of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing.
109. Writing Group of Shandong Zhong Cao Yao Shou Ce, Shandong Zhong Cao Yao Shou Ce. 1970, Shandong People's Publishing House, Jinan.
110. Xin, X., Liu, F., Huang, S., Wang, Y., Yu, D., In vitro anti lung cancer effect of Physalis Alkekengil L. var. francheti (mast.). Zhongguo Lao Nian Yi Xue Za Zhi 30 (2010), 2486–2487.
111. Xing, F., Jiang, J., Chemical constituents in the calyx of Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii. Yao Xue Yu Lin. Chuang Yan Jiu 21 (2013), 344–346.
112. Xu, D., Wang, B., Zhou, L., Kang, T., Chemical constituents of Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii. Zhong Cao Yao 40 (2009), 175–178.
113. Xu, J.-G., Hu, Q.-P., Liu, Y., Antioxidant and DNA-protective activities of chlorogenic acid isomers. J. Agric. Food Chem. 60 (2012), 11625–11630.
114. Xu, W.-X., Chen, J.-C., Liu, J.-Q., Zhou, L., Wang, Y.-F., Qiu, M.-H., Three new physalins from Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii. Nat. Prod. Bioprospect. 3 (2013), 103–106.
115. Yamaguchi, H., Nishimoto, K., Studies on the alkaloids of the root of Physalis alkekengi.(1). Isolation of 3α-tigloyloxytropane. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 13 (1965), 217–220.
116. Yang, H., Han, S., Zhao, D., Wang, G., Adjuvant effect of polysaccharide from fruits of Physalis alkekengi L. in DNA vaccine against systemic candidiasis. Carbohydr. Polym. 109 (2014), 77–84.
117. Yang, Y.-K., Xu, W.-x., Nian, Y., Liu, X.-L., Peng, X.-R., Ding, Z.-T., Qiu, M.-H., Six new physalins from Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii and their cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity. Fitoterapia 112 (2016), 144–152.
118. Yao, L.H., Jiang, Y., Shi, J., Tomas-Barberan, F., Datta, N., Singanusong, R., Chen, S., Flavonoids in food and their health benefits. Plant Foods Hum. Nutr. 59 (2004), 113–122.
119. Ye, J., Clinical diagnosis and treatment of pertussis. Jiangxi Zhong Yi Yao, 3, 1953, 006.
120. 1H NMR spectroscopy-guided isolation of new sucrose esters from Physalis alkekengi var. franchetii and their antibacterial activity. Fitoterapia 114 (2016), 138–143.
121. Zhang, C.H., Wang, Z.T., Yang, Y.P., Sun, Q.S., A novel cytotoxic neophysalin from Physalis alkekengi var. francheti. Chin. Chem. Lett. 20 (2009), 1327–1330.
122. Zhang, X.-Z., Study on the Anti-inflaminatory Effect of Effective Ingredients in PAFM. 2008, Jilin University Thesis, Changchun.
123. Zhang, Z.-Y., Lu, A.-M., William, G.D., Solanaceae. Wu, Z., Raven, P.H., (eds.) Flora of China (English Edition), 17, 1994, Science Press&Missouri Botancial Garden Press, Beijing&St. Louis, 300–332.
124. Zhao, B., Zhao Bing Nan Lin Chuang Jing Yan Ji. 2006, People's Medical Publishing House, Beijing.
125. Zhao, Z., Moghadasian, M.H., Chemistry, natural sources, dietary intake and pharmacokinetic properties of ferulic acid: a review. Food Chem. 109 (2008), 691–702.
126. Zhu, F., Dai, C., Fu, Y., Loo, J.F., Xia, D., Gao, S.P., Ma, Z., Chen, Z., Physalin A exerts anti-tumor activity in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines by suppressing JAK/STAT3 signaling. Oncotarget 7 (2016), 9462–9476.