메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 98, Issue 7, 2017, Pages 1363-1382

Observing and predicting the 2015/16 El Niño

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 85017520644     PISSN: 00030007     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/BAMS-D-16-0009.1     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (299)

References (56)
  • 2
    • 0031536347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Documentation of a highly ENSO-related SST region in the equatorial Pacific: Research note
    • Barnston, A. G., M. Chelliah, and S. B. Goldenberg, 1997: Documentation of a highly ENSO-related SST region in the equatorial Pacific: Research note. Atmos.-Ocean, 35, 367-383, doi:10.1080/07055900.1997.9649597.
    • (1997) Atmos.-Ocean , vol.35 , pp. 367-383
    • Barnston, A.G.1    Chelliah, M.2    Goldenberg, S.B.3
  • 3
    • 84861467685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Skill of real-time seasonal ENSO model predictions during 2002-11: Is our capability increasing?
    • - , M. K. Tippett, M. L. L'Heureux, S. Li, and D. G. DeWitt, 2012: Skill of real-time seasonal ENSO model predictions during 2002-11: Is our capability increasing? Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 93, 631-651, doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-11-00111.1.
    • (2012) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.93 , pp. 631-651
    • Barnston, A.G.1    Tippett, M.K.2    L'Heureux, M.L.3    Li, S.4    DeWitt, D.G.5
  • 4
    • 0000397542 scopus 로고
    • Atmospheric teleconnections from the equatorial Pacific
    • Bjerknes, J., 1969: Atmospheric teleconnections from the equatorial Pacific. Mon. Wea. Rev., 97, 163-172, doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1969)097<0163:ATFTEP>2.3.CO;2.
    • (1969) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.97 , pp. 163-172
    • Bjerknes, J.1
  • 5
    • 84957669689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relative contributions of mean-state shifts and ENSO-driven variability to precipitation changes in a warming climate
    • Bonfils, C. J. W., B. D. Santer, T. J. Phillips, K. Marvel, L. R. Leung, C. Doutriaux, and A. Capotondi, 2015: Relative contributions of mean-state shifts and ENSO-driven variability to precipitation changes in a warming climate. J. Climate, 28, 9997-10 013, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0341.1.
    • (2015) J. Climate , vol.28 , pp. 9997-10013
    • Bonfils, C.J.W.1    Santer, B.D.2    Phillips, T.J.3    Marvel, K.4    Leung, L.R.5    Doutriaux, C.6    Capotondi, A.7
  • 6
    • 77955504063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The steady-state atmospheric circulation response to climate change-like thermal forcings in a simple general circulation model
    • Butler, A. H., D. W. J. Thompson, and R. Heikes, 2010: The steady-state atmospheric circulation response to climate change-like thermal forcings in a simple general circulation model. J. Climate, 23, 3474-3496, doi:10.1175/2010JCLI3228.1.
    • (2010) J. Climate , vol.23 , pp. 3474-3496
    • Butler, A.H.1    Thompson, D.W.J.2    Heikes, R.3
  • 7
    • 84921587048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding ENSO diversity
    • Coauthors
    • Capotondi, A., and Coauthors, 2015: Understanding ENSO diversity. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 96, 921-938, doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00117.1.
    • (2015) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.96 , pp. 921-938
    • Capotondi, A.1
  • 8
    • 0035982882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global land precipitation: A 50-yr monthly analysis based on gauge observations
    • Chen, M., P. Xie, J. E. Janowiak, and P. A. Arkin, 2002: Global land precipitation: A 50-yr monthly analysis based on gauge observations. J. Hydrometeor., 3, 249-266, doi:10.1175/1525-7541(2002)003<0249:GLPAYM>2.0.CO;2.
    • (2002) J. Hydrometeor. , vol.3 , pp. 249-266
    • Chen, M.1    Xie, P.2    Janowiak, J.E.3    Arkin, P.A.4
  • 9
    • 84874793161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • El Niño impacts on seasonal U.S. Atmospheric circulation, temperature, and precipitation anomalies: The OLR-event perspective
    • Chiodi, A. M., and D. E. Harrison, 2013: El Niño impacts on seasonal U.S. atmospheric circulation, temperature, and precipitation anomalies: The OLR-event perspective. J. Climate, 26, 822-837, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00097.1.
    • (2013) J. Climate , vol.26 , pp. 822-837
    • Chiodi, A.M.1    Harrison, D.E.2
  • 10
    • 79955446270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ERA-Interim reanalysis: Configuration and performance of the data assimilation system
    • Coauthors
    • Dee, D. P., and Coauthors, 2011: The ERA-Interim reanalysis: Configuration and performance of the data assimilation system. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 137, 553-597, doi:10.1002/qj.828.
    • (2011) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.137 , pp. 553-597
    • Dee, D.P.1
  • 11
    • 84911381770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Skill improvement from increased ensemble size and model diversity
    • DelSole, T., J. Nattala, and M. K. Tippett, 2014: Skill improvement from increased ensemble size and model diversity. Geophys. Res. Lett., 41, 7331-7342, doi:10.1002/2014GL060133.
    • (2014) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.41 , pp. 7331-7342
    • DelSole, T.1    Nattala, J.2    Tippett, M.K.3
  • 12
    • 40949106039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A global monthly land surface air temperature analysis for 1948-present
    • Fan, Y., and H. Van den Dool, 2008: A global monthly land surface air temperature analysis for 1948-present. J. Geophys. Res., 113, D01103, doi:10.1029/2007JD008470.
    • (2008) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.113 , pp. D01103
    • Fan, Y.1    Van Den Dool, H.2
  • 13
    • 68249154886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Practical implications of uncertainty in observed SSTs
    • Goddard, L., D. G. DeWitt, and R. W. Reynolds, 2009: Practical implications of uncertainty in observed SSTs. Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L09710, doi:10.1029/2009GL037703.
    • (2009) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.36 , pp. L09710
    • Goddard, L.1    DeWitt, D.G.2    Reynolds, R.W.3
  • 14
    • 0001351087 scopus 로고
    • Surface temperature patterns associated with the Southern Oscillation
    • Halpert, M. S., and C. F. Ropelewski, 1992: Surface temperature patterns associated with the Southern Oscillation. J. Climate, 5, 577-593, doi:10.1175/1520-0442(1992)005<0577:STPAWT>2.0.CO;2.
    • (1992) J. Climate , vol.5 , pp. 577-593
    • Halpert, M.S.1    Ropelewski, C.F.2
  • 15
    • 0030801664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intraseasonal air-sea interaction in the tropical Indian and Pacific Oceans
    • Hendon, H. H., and J. Glick, 1997: Intraseasonal air-sea interaction in the tropical Indian and Pacific Oceans. J. Climate, 10, 647-661, doi:10.1175/1520-0442(1997)010<0647:IASIIT>2.0.CO;2.
    • (1997) J. Climate , vol.10 , pp. 647-661
    • Hendon, H.H.1    Glick, J.2
  • 16
    • 34250856833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Australian rainfall and surface temperature variations associated with the Southern Hemisphere annular mode
    • - , D. W. J. Thompson, and M. C. Wheeler, 2007: Australian rainfall and surface temperature variations associated with the Southern Hemisphere annular mode. J. Climate, 20, 2452-2467, doi:10.1175/JCLI4134.1.
    • (2007) J. Climate , vol.20 , pp. 2452-2467
    • Hendon, H.H.1    Thompson, D.W.J.2    Wheeler, M.C.3
  • 17
    • 0019655505 scopus 로고
    • Planetary-scale atmospheric phenomena associated with the Southern Oscillation
    • Horel, J. D., and J. M. Wallace, 1981: Planetary-scale atmospheric phenomena associated with the Southern Oscillation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 109, 813-829, doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1981)109<0813:PSAPAW>2.0.CO;2.
    • (1981) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.109 , pp. 813-829
    • Horel, J.D.1    Wallace, J.M.2
  • 18
    • 84877835915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weakened interannual variability in the tropical Pacific Ocean since 2000
    • Hu, Z.-Z., A. Kumar, H.-L. Ren, H. Wang, M. L. Heureux, and F.-F. Jin, 2013: Weakened interannual variability in the tropical Pacific Ocean since 2000. J. Climate, 26, 2601-2613, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00265.1.
    • (2013) J. Climate , vol.26 , pp. 2601-2613
    • Hu, Z.-Z.1    Kumar, A.2    Ren, H.-L.3    Wang, H.4    Heureux, M.L.5    Jin, F.-F.6
  • 20
    • 84923008551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extended Reconstructed Sea Surface Temperature version 4 (ERSST.v4). Part I: Upgrades and intercomparisons
    • and Coauthors
    • - , and Coauthors, 2015b: Extended Reconstructed Sea Surface Temperature version 4 (ERSST.v4). Part I: Upgrades and intercomparisons. J. Climate, 28, 911-930, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00006.1.
    • (2015) J. Climate , vol.28 , pp. 911-930
    • Huang, B.1    Wang, W.2    Liu, C.3    Banzon, V.4    Zhang, H.-M.5    Lawrimore, J.6
  • 21
    • 84987677288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ranking the strongest ENSO events while incorporating SST uncertainty
    • - , M. L'Heureux, Z.-Z. Hu, and H.-M. Zhang, 2016: Ranking the strongest ENSO events while incorporating SST uncertainty. Geophys. Res. Lett., 43, 9165-9172, doi:10.1002/2016GL070888.
    • (2016) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.43 , pp. 9165-9172
    • Huang, B.1    L'Heureux, M.2    Hu, Z.-Z.3    Zhang, H.-M.4
  • 22
    • 21344436150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Objective analyses of sea-surface temperature and marine meteorological variables for the 20th century using ICOADS and the Kobe collection
    • Ishii, M., A. Shouji, S. Sugimoto, and T. Matsumoto, 2005: Objective analyses of sea-surface temperature and marine meteorological variables for the 20th century using ICOADS and the Kobe collection. Int. J. Climatol., 25, 865-879, doi:10.1002/joc.1169.
    • (2005) Int. J. Climatol. , vol.25 , pp. 865-879
    • Ishii, M.1    Shouji, A.2    Sugimoto, S.3    Matsumoto, T.4
  • 23
    • 0029768948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The NCEP/NCAR 40-Year Reanalysis Project
    • Coauthors
    • Kalnay, E., and Coauthors, 1996: The NCEP/NCAR 40-Year Reanalysis Project. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 77, 437-471, doi:10.1175/1520-0477(1996)077<0437:TNYRP>2.0.CO;2.
    • (1996) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.77 , pp. 437-471
    • Kalnay, E.1
  • 25
    • 84885653293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The North American Multimodel Ensemble: Phase-1 seasonal-to-interannual prediction; Phase-2 toward developing intraseasonal prediction
    • Coauthors
    • Kirtman, B. P., and Coauthors, 2014: The North American Multimodel Ensemble: Phase-1 seasonal-to-interannual prediction; phase-2 toward developing intraseasonal prediction. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 95, 585-601, doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00050.1.
    • (2014) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.95 , pp. 585-601
    • Kirtman, B.P.1
  • 26
    • 84920667419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The JRA-55 reanalysis: General specifications and basic characteristics
    • Coauthors
    • Kobayashi, S., and Coauthors, 2015: The JRA-55 reanalysis: General specifications and basic characteristics. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 93, 5-48, doi:10.2151/jmsj.2015-001.
    • (2015) J. Meteor. Soc. Japan , vol.93 , pp. 5-48
    • Kobayashi, S.1
  • 27
    • 84896953494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How variable is the uncertainty in ENSO sea surface temperature prediction?
    • Kumar, A., and Z.-Z. Hu, 2014: How variable is the uncertainty in ENSO sea surface temperature prediction? J. Climate, 27, 2779-2788, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00576.1.
    • (2014) J. Climate , vol.27 , pp. 2779-2788
    • Kumar, A.1    Hu, Z.-Z.2
  • 28
    • 0034277373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in the spread of the variability of the seasonal mean atmospheric states associated with ENSO
    • - , A. G. Barnston, P. Peng, M. P. Hoerling, and L. Goddard, 2000: Changes in the spread of the variability of the seasonal mean atmospheric states associated with ENSO. J. Climate, 13, 3139-3151, doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2000)013<3139:CITSOT>2.0.CO;2.
    • (2000) J. Climate , vol.13 , pp. 3139-3151
    • Kumar, A.1    Barnston, A.G.2    Peng, P.3    Hoerling, M.P.4    Goddard, L.5
  • 29
    • 38549181922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of the HIRS outgoing longwave radiation climate dataset
    • Lee, H.-T., A. Gruber, R. G. Ellingson, and I. Laszlo, 2007: Development of the HIRS outgoing longwave radiation climate dataset. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 24, 2029-2047, doi:10.1175/2007JTECHA989.1.
    • (2007) J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol. , vol.24 , pp. 2029-2047
    • Lee, H.-T.1    Gruber, A.2    Ellingson, R.G.3    Laszlo, I.4
  • 30
    • 77955185595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increasing intensity of El Niño in the central-equatorial Pacific
    • Lee, T., and M. J. McPhaden, 2010: Increasing intensity of El Niño in the central-equatorial Pacific. Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L14603, doi:10.1029/2010GL044007.
    • (2010) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.37 , pp. L14603
    • Lee, T.1    McPhaden, M.J.2
  • 31
    • 33644696208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observed relationships between the El Niño-Southern Oscillation and the extratropical zonal-mean circulation
    • L'Heureux, M. L., and D. W. J. Thompson, 2006: Observed relationships between the El Niño-Southern Oscillation and the extratropical zonal-mean circulation. J. Climate, 19, 276-287, doi:10.1175/JCLI3617.1.
    • (2006) J. Climate , vol.19 , pp. 276-287
    • L'Heureux, M.L.1    Thompson, D.W.J.2
  • 32
    • 84874299327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linear trends in sea surface temperature of the tropical Pacific Ocean and implications for the El Niño-Southern Oscillation
    • - , D. C. Collins, and Z.-Z. Hu, 2013: Linear trends in sea surface temperature of the tropical Pacific Ocean and implications for the El Niño-Southern Oscillation. Climate Dyn., 40, 1223-1236, doi:10.1007/s00382-012-1331-2.
    • (2013) Climate Dyn. , vol.40 , pp. 1223-1236
    • L'Heureux, M.L.1    Collins, D.C.2    Hu, Z.-Z.3
  • 33
    • 84988924598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterizing ENSO coupled variability and its impact on North American seasonal precipitation and temperature
    • - , M. K. Tippett, and A. G. Barnston, 2015: Characterizing ENSO coupled variability and its impact on North American seasonal precipitation and temperature. J. Climate, 28, 4231-4245, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00508.1.
    • (2015) J. Climate , vol.28 , pp. 4231-4245
    • L'Heureux, M.L.1    Tippett, M.K.2    Barnston, A.G.3
  • 34
    • 0001600664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Description of a complete (interpolated) outgoing longwave radiation dataset
    • Liebmann, B., and C. A. Smith, 1996: Description of a complete (interpolated) outgoing longwave radiation dataset. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 77, 1275-1277.
    • (1996) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.77 , pp. 1275-1277
    • Liebmann, B.1    Smith, C.A.2
  • 35
    • 84953402317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interaction of the recent 50 year SST trend and la Niña 2010: Amplification of the Southern Annular Mode and Australian springtime rainfall
    • Lim, E.-P., H. H. Hendon, J. M. Arblaster, C. Chung, A. F. Moise, P. Hope, G. Young, and M. Zhao, 2016: Interaction of the recent 50 year SST trend and La Niña 2010: Amplification of the Southern Annular Mode and Australian springtime rainfall. Climate Dyn., 47, 2273-2291, doi:10.1007/s00382-015-2963-9.
    • (2016) Climate Dyn. , vol.47 , pp. 2273-2291
    • Lim, E.-P.1    Hendon, H.H.2    Arblaster, J.M.3    Chung, C.4    Moise, A.F.5    Hope, P.6    Young, G.7    Zhao, M.8
  • 36
    • 0034670349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wave-maintained annular modes of climate variability
    • Limpasuvan, V., and D. L. Hartmann, 2000: Wave-maintained annular modes of climate variability. J. Climate, 13, 4414-4429, doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2000)013<4414:WMAMOC>2.0.CO;2.
    • (2000) J. Climate , vol.13 , pp. 4414-4429
    • Limpasuvan, V.1    Hartmann, D.L.2
  • 37
    • 0033548168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genesis and evolution of the 1997-98 El Niño
    • McPhaden, M. J., 1999: Genesis and evolution of the 1997-98 El Niño. Science, 283, 950-954, doi:10.1126/science.283.5404.950.
    • (1999) Science , vol.283 , pp. 950-954
    • McPhaden, M.J.1
  • 38
    • 84939781874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Playing hide and seek with El Niño
    • - , 2015: Playing hide and seek with El Niño. Nat. Climate Change, 5, 791-795, doi:10.1038/nclimate2775.
    • (2015) Nat. Climate Change , vol.5 , pp. 791-795
    • McPhaden, M.J.1
  • 40
    • 47049103597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of recent climate variability and climate change in southeastern Australia
    • Murphy, B. F., and B. Timbal, 2008: A review of recent climate variability and climate change in southeastern Australia. Int. J. Climatol., 28, 859-879, doi:10.1002/joc.1627.
    • (2008) Int. J. Climatol. , vol.28 , pp. 859-879
    • Murphy, B.F.1    Timbal, B.2
  • 41
    • 3543083343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of a European Multimodel Ensemble System for Seasonal-to-Interannual Prediction (DEMETER)
    • Coauthors
    • Palmer, T. N., and Coauthors, 2004: Development of a European Multimodel Ensemble System for Seasonal-to-Interannual Prediction (DEMETER). Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 85, 853-872, doi:10.1175/BAMS-85-6-853.
    • (2004) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.85 , pp. 853-872
    • Palmer, T.N.1
  • 42
    • 0742305193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global analyses of sea surface temperature, sea ice, and night marine air temperature since the late nineteenth century
    • Rayner, N. A., D. E. Parker, E. B. Horton, C. K. Folland, L. V. Alexander, D. P. Rowell, E. C. Kent, and A. Kaplan, 2003: Global analyses of sea surface temperature, sea ice, and night marine air temperature since the late nineteenth century. J. Geophys. Res., 108, 4407, doi:10.1029/2002JD002670.
    • (2003) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.108 , pp. 4407
    • Rayner, N.A.1    Parker, D.E.2    Horton, E.B.3    Folland, C.K.4    Alexander, L.V.5    Rowell, D.P.6    Kent, E.C.7    Kaplan, A.8
  • 43
    • 0036648346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An improved in situ and satellite SST analysis for climate
    • Reynolds, R. W., N. A. Rayner, T. M. Smith, D. C. Stokes, and W. Wang, 2002: An improved in situ and satellite SST analysis for climate. J. Climate, 15, 1609-1625, doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2002)015<1609:AIISAS>2.0.CO;2.
    • (2002) J. Climate , vol.15 , pp. 1609-1625
    • Reynolds, R.W.1    Rayner, N.A.2    Smith, T.M.3    Stokes, D.C.4    Wang, W.5
  • 44
    • 36348948705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Daily high-resolution-blended analyses for sea surface temperature
    • - , T. M. Smith, C. Liu, D. B. Chelton, K. S. Casey, and M. G. Schlax, 2007: Daily high-resolution-blended analyses for sea surface temperature. J. Climate, 20, 5473-5496, doi:10.1175/2007JCLI1824.1.
    • (2007) J. Climate , vol.20 , pp. 5473-5496
    • Reynolds, R.W.1    Smith, T.M.2    Liu, C.3    Chelton, D.B.4    Casey, K.S.5    Schlax, M.G.6
  • 45
    • 79952683753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MERRA: NASA's modern-era retrospective analysis for research and applications
    • Coauthors
    • Rienecker, M. M., and Coauthors, 2011: MERRA: NASA's Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications. J. Climate, 24, 3624-3648, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00015.1.
    • (2011) J. Climate , vol.24 , pp. 3624-3648
    • Rienecker, M.M.1
  • 46
    • 67449164672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The 2004-2008 mean and annual cycle of temperature, salinity, and steric height in the global ocean from the Argo program
    • Roemmich, D., and J. Gilson, 2009: The 2004-2008 mean and annual cycle of temperature, salinity, and steric height in the global ocean from the Argo program. Prog. Oceanogr., 82, 81-100, doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2009.03.004.
    • (2009) Prog. Oceanogr. , vol.82 , pp. 81-100
    • Roemmich, D.1    Gilson, J.2
  • 47
    • 0000335197 scopus 로고
    • Global and regional scale precipitation patterns associated with the El Niño/Southern Oscillation
    • Ropelewski, C. F., and M. S. Halpert, 1987: Global and regional scale precipitation patterns associated with the El Niño/Southern Oscillation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 1606-1626, doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1987)115<1606:GARSPP>2.0.CO;2.
    • (1987) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.115 , pp. 1606-1626
    • Ropelewski, C.F.1    Halpert, M.S.2
  • 48
    • 77956572998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The NCEP climate forecast system reanalysis
    • and Coauthors
    • Saha, S., and Coauthors, 2010: The NCEP Climate Forecast System Reanalysis. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 91, 1015-1057, doi:10.1175/2010BAMS3001.1.
    • (2010) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.91 , pp. 1015-1057
    • Saha, S.1
  • 49
    • 84925877209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of hindcast length on estimates of seasonal climate predictability
    • Shi, W., N. Schaller, D. MacLeod, T. N. Palmer, and A. Weisheimer, 2015: Impact of hindcast length on estimates of seasonal climate predictability. Geophys. Res. Lett., 42, 1554-1559, doi:10.1002/2014GL062829.
    • (2015) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.42 , pp. 1554-1559
    • Shi, W.1    Schaller, N.2    MacLeod, D.3    Palmer, T.N.4    Weisheimer, A.5
  • 50
    • 45349109008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improvements to NOAA's historical merged land-ocean surface temperature analysis (1880-2006)
    • Smith, T. M., R. W. Reynolds, T. C. Peterson, and J. Lawrimore, 2008: Improvements to NOAA's historical merged land-ocean surface temperature analysis (1880-2006). J. Climate, 21, 2283-2296, doi:10.1175/2007JCLI2100.1.
    • (2008) J. Climate , vol.21 , pp. 2283-2296
    • Smith, T.M.1    Reynolds, R.W.2    Peterson, T.C.3    Lawrimore, J.4
  • 51
    • 11844306033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The atmospheric circulation associated with extreme rainfall events in Piura, Peru, during the 1997-1998 and 2002 El Niño events
    • Takahashi, K., 2004: The atmospheric circulation associated with extreme rainfall events in Piura, Peru, during the 1997-1998 and 2002 El Niño events. Ann. Geophys., 22, 3917-3926, doi:10.5194/angeo-22-3917-2004.
    • (2004) Ann. Geophys. , vol.22 , pp. 3917-3926
    • Takahashi, K.1
  • 52
    • 84959131180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strong and moderate nonlinear El Niño regimes
    • - , and B. Dewitte, 2016: Strong and moderate nonlinear El Niño regimes. Climate Dyn., 46, 1627-1645, doi:10.1007/s00382-015-2665-3.
    • (2016) Climate Dyn. , vol.46 , pp. 1627-1645
    • Takahashi, K.1    Dewitte, B.2
  • 53
    • 79957948430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ENSO regimes: Reinterpreting the canonical and Modoki El Niño
    • - , A. Montecinos, K. Goubanova, and B. Dewitte, 2011: ENSO regimes: Reinterpreting the canonical and Modoki El Niño. Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L10704, doi:10.1029/2011GL047364.
    • (2011) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.38 , pp. L10704
    • Takahashi, K.1    Montecinos, A.2    Goubanova, K.3    Dewitte, B.4
  • 54
    • 84938196669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Southern Hemisphere extratropical circulation: Recent trends and natural variability
    • Thomas, J. L., D. W. Waugh, and A. Gnanadesikan, 2015: Southern Hemisphere extratropical circulation: Recent trends and natural variability. Geophys. Res. Lett., 42, 5508-5515, doi:10.1002/2015GL064521.
    • (2015) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.42 , pp. 5508-5515
    • Thomas, J.L.1    Waugh, D.W.2    Gnanadesikan, A.3
  • 55
    • 33745947582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The termination of the 1997-1998 El Niño. Part I: Mechanisms of oceanic change
    • Vecchi, G. A., and D. E. Harrison, 2006: The termination of the 1997-1998 El Niño. Part I: Mechanisms of oceanic change. J. Climate, 19, 2633-2646, doi:10.1175/JCLI3776.1.
    • (2006) J. Climate , vol.19 , pp. 2633-2646
    • Vecchi, G.A.1    Harrison, D.E.2
  • 56
    • 33644624498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reassessing the role of stochastic forcing in the 1997-1998 El Niño
    • - , A. T. Wittenberg, and A. Rosati, 2006: Reassessing the role of stochastic forcing in the 1997-1998 El Niño. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L01706, doi:10.1029/2005GL024738.
    • (2006) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.33 , pp. L01706
    • Vecchi, G.A.1    Wittenberg, A.T.2    Rosati, A.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.