메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 85, Issue 6, 2004, Pages 853-872

Development of a European multimodel ensemble system for seasonal-to-interannual prediction (DEMETER)

(25)  Palmer, T N a   Alessandri, A b   Andersen, U c   Cantelaube, P d   Davey, M e   Delecluse P f   Deque M g   Diez E h   Doblas Reyes, F J a   Feddersen, H c   Graham, R e   Gualdi, S b   Gueremy J F g   Hagedorn, R a   Hoshen, M i   Keenlyside, N j   Latif, M j   Lazar, A f   Maisonnave, E k   Marletto, V l   more..


Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AGRICULTURE; CROPS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; MALARIA CONTROL; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; WEATHER FORECASTING;

EID: 3543083343     PISSN: 00030007     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/BAMS-85-6-853     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (815)

References (77)
  • 2
    • 0035714956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Verification of intense precipitation forecasts from single models and ensemble prediction systems
    • Atger, F., 2001: Verification of intense precipitation forecasts from single models and ensemble prediction systems. Nonlinear Processes Geophys., 8, 401-417.
    • (2001) Nonlinear Processes Geophys. , vol.8 , pp. 401-417
    • Atger, F.1
  • 3
    • 0030473596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential uses and limitations of crop models
    • Boote, K. J., J. W. Jones, and N. B. Pickering, 1996: Potential uses and limitations of crop models. Agron. J., 88, 704-716.
    • (1996) Agron. J. , vol.88 , pp. 704-716
    • Boote, K.J.1    Jones, J.W.2    Pickering, N.B.3
  • 4
    • 0033848222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal skill and predictability of ECMWF PROVOST ensembles
    • Branković, C., and T. N. Palmer, 2000: Seasonal skill and predictability of ECMWF PROVOST ensembles. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 126, 2035-2068.
    • (2000) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.126 , pp. 2035-2068
    • Branković, C.1    Palmer, T.N.2
  • 5
    • 0034971265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The intolerable burden of malaria: A new look at the numbers
    • Breman, J. G., A. Egan, and G. T. Keusch, 2001: The intolerable burden of malaria: A new look at the numbers. Amer. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 64 (Suppl.), 4-7.
    • (2001) Amer. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. , vol.64 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 4-7
    • Breman, J.G.1    Egan, A.2    Keusch, G.T.3
  • 6
    • 0001311369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global impacts and regional actions: Preparing for the 1997-98 El Nino
    • Buizer, J. L., J. Foster, and D. Lund, 2000: Global impacts and regional actions: Preparing for the 1997-98 El Nino. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 81, 2121-2139.
    • (2000) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.81 , pp. 2121-2139
    • Buizer, J.L.1    Foster, J.2    Lund, D.3
  • 8
    • 0003379522 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ocean modeling and the role of the ocean in the climate system
    • W. R. Holland, S. Joussaume, and F. David, Eds., Elsevier Science
    • Délécluse, P., and G. Madec, 1999: Ocean modeling and the role of the ocean in the climate system. Modeling the Earth's Climate and Its Variability, W. R. Holland, S. Joussaume, and F. David, Eds., Elsevier Science, 237-313.
    • (1999) Modeling the Earth's Climate and Its Variability , pp. 237-313
    • Délécluse, P.1    Madec, G.2
  • 9
    • 0034865965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal predictability of tropical rainfall: Probabilistic formulation and validation
    • Déqué, M., 2001: Seasonal predictability of tropical rainfall: Probabilistic formulation and validation. Tellus, 53A, 500-512.
    • (2001) Tellus , vol.53 A , pp. 500-512
    • Déqué, M.1
  • 11
    • 0345566151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The skill of multi-model seasonal forecasts of the North Atlantic Oscillation
    • Doblas-Reyes, F. J., V. Pavan, and D. B. Stephenson, 2003: The skill of multi-model seasonal forecasts of the North Atlantic Oscillation. Climate Dyn., 21, 501-514.
    • (2003) Climate Dyn. , vol.21 , pp. 501-514
    • Doblas-Reyes, F.J.1    Pavan, V.2    Stephenson, D.B.3
  • 12
    • 0000165587 scopus 로고
    • A scoring system for probability forecasts of ranked categories
    • Epstein, E. S., 1969: A scoring system for probability forecasts of ranked categories. J. Appl. Meteor., 8, 985-987.
    • (1969) J. Appl. Meteor. , vol.8 , pp. 985-987
    • Epstein, E.S.1
  • 13
    • 18544371756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European Commission (DG Agriculture) Office des Publications Officielles des Communautés Européennes, Luxembourg KF-29-00-262-FR-C [Available from Office des Publications Officielles des Communautés Européennes, 2 rue Mercier, L - 2985 Luxembourg.]
    • European Commission (DG Agriculture), 2000: La Politique Agricole Commune: Synthèse 1999. Office des Publications Officielles des Communautés Européennes, Luxembourg, KF-29-00-262-FR-C, 30 pp. [Available from Office des Publications Officielles des Communautés Européennes, 2 rue Mercier, L - 2985 Luxembourg.]
    • (2000) la Politique Agricole Commune: Synthèse 1999 , pp. 30
  • 14
    • 0003698981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FAOSTAT cited United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome, Italy. [Available online at
    • FAOSTAT, cited 2001: FAO statistical databases. United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome, Italy. [Available online at http://apps.fao.org/page/collections?subset=agriculture.]
    • (2001) FAO Statistical Databases
  • 15
    • 0032711981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduction of model systematic error by statistical correction for dynamical seasonal predictions
    • Feddersen, H., A. Navarra, and M. N. Ward, 1999: Reduction of model systematic error by statistical correction for dynamical seasonal predictions. J. Climate, 12, 1974-1989.
    • (1999) J. Climate , vol.12 , pp. 1974-1989
    • Feddersen, H.1    Navarra, A.2    Ward, M.N.3
  • 17
    • 0000377434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Introduction to special section: Regional climate modeling revisited
    • Giorgi, F., and L. O. Mearns, 1999: Introduction to special section: Regional climate modeling revisited. J. Geophys. Res., 104, 6335-6352.
    • (1999) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.104 , pp. 6335-6352
    • Giorgi, F.1    Mearns, L.O.2
  • 19
    • 0034025893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The simulation of SST, sea ice extents and ocean heat transports in a version of the Hadley Centre coupled model without flux adjustments
    • Gordon, C., C. Cooper, C. A. Senior, H. Banks, J. M. Gregory, T. C. Johns, J. F. B. Mitchell, and R. A. Wood, 2000: The simulation of SST, sea ice extents and ocean heat transports in a version of the Hadley Centre coupled model without flux adjustments. Climate Dyn., 16, 147-168.
    • (2000) Climate Dyn. , vol.16 , pp. 147-168
    • Gordon, C.1    Cooper, C.2    Senior, C.A.3    Banks, H.4    Gregory, J.M.5    Johns, T.C.6    Mitchell, J.F.B.7    Wood, R.A.8
  • 21
    • 0033861487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Revision of convection, radiation and cloud schemes in the ECMWF Integrated Forecasting System
    • Gregory, D., J. J. Morcrette, C. Jakob, A. C. M. Beljaars, and T. Stockdale, 2000: Revision of convection, radiation and cloud schemes in the ECMWF Integrated Forecasting System. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 126, 1685-1710.
    • (2000) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.126 , pp. 1685-1710
    • Gregory, D.1    Morcrette, J.J.2    Jakob, C.3    Beljaars, A.C.M.4    Stockdale, T.5
  • 22
    • 0038703289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interannual to decadal predictability in a coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation model
    • Grötzner, A., M. Latif, A. Timmermann, and R. Voss, 1999: Interannual to decadal predictability in a coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation model. J. Climate, 12, 2607-2624.
    • (1999) J. Climate , vol.12 , pp. 2607-2624
    • Grötzner, A.1    Latif, M.2    Timmermann, A.3    Voss, R.4
  • 24
    • 0036577580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Confidence builders: Evaluating seasonal climate forecasts for user perspectives
    • a
    • Hartmann, H. C., T. C. Pagano, S. Sorooshian, and R. Bales, 2002a: Confidence builders: Evaluating seasonal climate forecasts for user perspectives. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 83, 683-698.
    • (2002) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.83 , pp. 683-698
    • Hartmann, H.C.1    Pagano, T.C.2    Sorooshian, S.3    Bales, R.4
  • 25
    • 0036048249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weather, climate, and hydrologic forecasting for the US Southwest: A survey
    • Hartmann, H. C., R. Bales, and S. Sorooshian, 2002b: Weather, climate, and hydrologic forecasting for the US Southwest: A survey. Climate Res., 21, 239-258.
    • (2002) Climate Res. , vol.21 , pp. 239-258
    • Hartmann, H.C.1    Bales, R.2    Sorooshian, S.3
  • 26
    • 0031931561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting malaria seasons in Kenya using multitemporal meteorological satellite sensor data
    • Hay, S. I., R. W. Snow, and D. J. Rogers, 1998: Predicting malaria seasons in Kenya using multitemporal meteorological satellite sensor data. Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg., 92, 12-20.
    • (1998) Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. , vol.92 , pp. 12-20
    • Hay, S.I.1    Snow, R.W.2    Rogers, D.J.3
  • 27
    • 0031443054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AEGIS/WIN: A computer program for the application of crop simulation models across geographic areas
    • Hoogenboom, G., 1997: AEGIS/WIN: A computer program for the application of crop simulation models across geographic areas. Agron. J., 89, 919-928.
    • (1997) Agron. J. , vol.89 , pp. 919-928
    • Hoogenboom, G.1
  • 28
    • 0034213207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contribution of agrometeorology to the simulation of crop production and its applications
    • Hoogenboom, G., 2000: Contribution of agrometeorology to the simulation of crop production and its applications. Agric. For. Meteor., 103, 137-157.
    • (2000) Agric. For. Meteor. , vol.103 , pp. 137-157
    • Hoogenboom, G.1
  • 30
    • 0036630557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NCEP dynamical seasonal forecast system 2000
    • Coauthors
    • Kanamitsu, M., and Coauthors, 2002: NCEP dynamical seasonal forecast system 2000. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 83, 1019-1037.
    • (2002) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.83 , pp. 1019-1037
    • Kanamitsu, M.1
  • 31
    • 0142027827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coarse-grained stochastic models for tropical convection and climate
    • Khonider, B., A. J. Majda, and M. A. Katsoulakis, 2003: Coarse-grained stochastic models for tropical convection and climate. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 100, 11 941-11 946.
    • (2003) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.100 , pp. 11941-11946
    • Khonider, B.1    Majda, A.J.2    Katsoulakis, M.A.3
  • 32
    • 0001435583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of a conceptual model of seasonal climate variability and implications for seasonal prediction
    • Kumar, A., and M. P. Hoerling, 2000: Analysis of a conceptual model of seasonal climate variability and implications for seasonal prediction. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 81, 255-264.
    • (2000) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.81 , pp. 255-264
    • Kumar, A.1    Hoerling, M.P.2
  • 36
    • 3543049670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implementation of WOFOST in the framework of the CRITERIA geographical tool
    • Florence, Italy, European Society for Agronomy
    • Marletto, V., L. Criscuolo, and M. R. M. Van Soetendael, 2001: Implementation of WOFOST in the framework of the CRITERIA geographical tool. Proc. Second Int. Symp. on Modeling Cropping Systems, Florence, Italy, European Society for Agronomy, 219-220.
    • (2001) Proc. Second Int. Symp. on Modeling Cropping Systems , pp. 219-220
    • Marletto, V.1    Criscuolo, L.2    Van Soetendael, M.R.M.3
  • 37
    • 0037064630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Max-Planck-Institute global ocean/sea ice model with orthogonal curvilinear coordinates
    • Marsland, S. J., H. Haak, J. H. Jungclaus, M. Latif, and F. Röske, 2003: The Max-Planck-Institute global ocean/sea ice model with orthogonal curvilinear coordinates. Ocean Modell., 5, 91-127.
    • (2003) Ocean Modell. , vol.5 , pp. 91-127
    • Marsland, S.J.1    Haak, H.2    Jungclaus, J.H.3    Latif, M.4    Röske, F.5
  • 40
    • 0000101471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The tropical ocean-global atmosphere observing sytem: A decade of progress
    • Coauthors
    • McPhaden, M. J., and Coauthors, 1998: The tropical ocean-global atmosphere observing sytem: A decade of progress. J. Geophys. Res., 103, 14 169-14 240.
    • (1998) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.103 , pp. 14169-14240
    • McPhaden, M.J.1
  • 41
    • 0042464528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamic downscaling of seasonal simulations over South America
    • Misra, V., P. A. Dirmeyer, and B. P. Kirtman, 2003: Dynamic downscaling of seasonal simulations over South America. J. Climate, 16, 103-117.
    • (2003) J. Climate , vol.16 , pp. 103-117
    • Misra, V.1    Dirmeyer, P.A.2    Kirtman, B.P.3
  • 43
    • 0000918735 scopus 로고
    • A new vector partition of the probability score
    • Murphy, A. H., 1973: A new vector partition of the probability score. J. Appl. Meteor., 12, 595-600.
    • (1973) J. Appl. Meteor. , vol.12 , pp. 595-600
    • Murphy, A.H.1
  • 45
    • 0027789670 scopus 로고
    • Extended-range atmospheric prediction and the Lorenz model
    • Palmer, T. N., 1993: Extended-range atmospheric prediction and the Lorenz model. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 74, 49-65.
    • (1993) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.74 , pp. 49-65
    • Palmer, T.N.1
  • 46
    • 0035086606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A nonlinear dynamical perspective on model error: A proposal for non-local stochastic-dynamic parametrization in weather and climate prediction models
    • Palmer, T. N., 2001: A nonlinear dynamical perspective on model error: A proposal for non-local stochastic-dynamic parametrization in weather and climate prediction models. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 127, 279-304.
    • (2001) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.127 , pp. 279-304
    • Palmer, T.N.1
  • 47
    • 0036541002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The economic value of ensemble forecasts as a tool for risk assessment: From days to decades
    • Palmer, T. N., 2002: The economic value of ensemble forecasts as a tool for risk assessment: From days to decades. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 128, 747-774.
    • (2002) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.128 , pp. 747-774
    • Palmer, T.N.1
  • 49
    • 2042527994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Editorial to DSP/PROVOST special issue
    • Palmer, T. N., and J. Shukla, 2000: Editorial to DSP/PROVOST special issue. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 126, 1989-1990.
    • (2000) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.126 , pp. 1989-1990
    • Palmer, T.N.1    Shukla, J.2
  • 50
    • 0033843381 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A probability and decision-model analysis of PROVOST seasonal multi-model ensemble integrations
    • Palmer, T. N., Ĉ. Brankovic, and D. S. Richardson, 2000: A probability and decision-model analysis of PROVOST seasonal multi-model ensemble integrations. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 126, 2013-2034.
    • (2000) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.126 , pp. 2013-2034
    • Palmer, T.N.1    Brankovic, Ĉ.2    Richardson, D.S.3
  • 51
    • 0033843285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multi-model seasonal hindcasts over the Euro-Atlantic: Skill scores and dynamical features
    • Pavan, V., and F. J. Doblas-Reyes, 2000: Multi-model seasonal hindcasts over the Euro-Atlantic: Skill scores and dynamical features. Climate Dyn., 16, 611-625.
    • (2000) Climate Dyn. , vol.16 , pp. 611-625
    • Pavan, V.1    Doblas-Reyes, F.J.2
  • 52
    • 36448943631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An analysis of multimodel ensemble prediction for seasonal climate anomalies
    • doi:10.10129/2002JD002712
    • Peng, P., A. Kumar, and H. van den Dool, 2002: An analysis of multimodel ensemble prediction for seasonal climate anomalies. J. Geophys. Res., 107, 4710, doi:10.10129/2002JD002712.
    • (2002) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.107 , pp. 4710
    • Peng, P.1    Kumar, A.2    van den Dool, H.3
  • 54
    • 0034108544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of new physical parameterizations in the Hadley Centre climate model: HadAM3
    • Pope, V. D., M. L. Gallani, P. R. Rowntree, and R. A. Stratton, 2000: The impact of new physical parameterizations in the Hadley Centre climate model: HadAM3. Climate Dyn., 16, 123-146.
    • (2000) Climate Dyn. , vol.16 , pp. 123-146
    • Pope, V.D.1    Gallani, M.L.2    Rowntree, P.R.3    Stratton, R.A.4
  • 55
    • 0019353887 scopus 로고
    • Stochastic simulation of daily precipitation, temperature, and solar radiation
    • Richardson, C. W., 1981: Stochastic simulation of daily precipitation, temperature, and solar radiation. Water Resour. Res., 17, 182-190.
    • (1981) Water Resour. Res. , vol.17 , pp. 182-190
    • Richardson, C.W.1
  • 56
    • 0034052601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Skill and relative economic value of the ECMWF ensemble prediction system
    • Richardson, D. S., 2000: Skill and relative economic value of the ECMWF ensemble prediction system. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 126, 649-668.
    • (2000) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.126 , pp. 649-668
    • Richardson, D.S.1
  • 57
    • 0003815148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie Tech. Rep. 218, Hamburg, Ger many pp. [Available from Max-Planck Institut für Meteorologie, Bundesstr. 55, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany.]
    • Roeckner, E., 1996: The atmospheric general circulation model ECHAM-4: Model description and simulation of present-day climate. Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie Tech. Rep. 218, Hamburg, Germany, 90 pp. [Available from Max-Planck Institut für Meteorologie, Bundesstr. 55, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany.]
    • (1996) The Atmospheric General Circulation Model ECHAM-4: Model Description and Simulation of Present-day Climate , pp. 90
    • Roeckner, E.1
  • 58
    • 0034820203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A regional climate model for northern Europe: Model description and results from the downscaling of two GCM control simulations
    • Rummukainen, M., J. Räissänen, B. Bringfelt, A. Ullerstig, A. Omstedt, U. Willen, U. Hansson, and C. Jones, 2001: A regional climate model for northern Europe: Model description and results from the downscaling of two GCM control simulations. Climate Dyn., 17, 339-359.
    • (2001) Climate Dyn. , vol.17 , pp. 339-359
    • Rummukainen, M.1    Räissänen, J.2    Bringfelt, B.3    Ullerstig, A.4    Omstedt, A.5    Willen, U.6    Hansson, U.7    Jones, C.8
  • 59
    • 0032561498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictability in the midst of chaos: A scientific basis for climate forecasting
    • Shukla, J., 1998: Predictability in the midst of chaos: A scientific basis for climate forecasting. Science, 282, 728-731.
    • (1998) Science , vol.282 , pp. 728-731
    • Shukla, J.1
  • 60
    • 0026958316 scopus 로고
    • Using crop models for sustainability and environmental quality assessment
    • Singh, U., and P. K. Thornton, 1992: Using crop models for sustainability and environmental quality assessment. Outlook Agric., 21, 209-218.
    • (1992) Outlook Agric. , vol.21 , pp. 209-218
    • Singh, U.1    Thornton, P.K.2
  • 62
    • 0032568443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global seasonal rainfall forecasts using a coupled ocean-atmosphere model
    • Stockdale, T. N., D. L. T. Anderson, J. O. S. Alves, and M. A. Balmaseda, 1998: Global seasonal rainfall forecasts using a coupled ocean-atmosphere model. Nature, 392, 370-373.
    • (1998) Nature , vol.392 , pp. 370-373
    • Stockdale, T.N.1    Anderson, D.L.T.2    Alves, J.O.S.3    Balmaseda, M.A.4
  • 63
    • 0033843009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distinguishing between the SST-forced variability and internal variability in mid-latitudes: Analysis of observations and GCM simulations
    • Straus, D. M., and J. Shukla, 2000: Distinguishing between the SST-forced variability and internal variability in mid-latitudes: Analysis of observations and GCM simulations. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 126, 2323-2350.
    • (2000) Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc. , vol.126 , pp. 2323-2350
    • Straus, D.M.1    Shukla, J.2
  • 64
    • 0023890867 scopus 로고
    • Measuring the accuracy of diagnostic systems
    • Swets, J. A., 1988: Measuring the accuracy of diagnostic systems. Science, 240, 1285-1293.
    • (1988) Science , vol.240 , pp. 1285-1293
    • Swets, J.A.1
  • 65
    • 3543104513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Crop Growth Monitoring System implemented by JRC/ARIS unit for the information needs of the EC DG VI - Agriculture
    • Cataluna, Spain, European Society for Agronomy, Division Agroclimatology and Agronomic Modeling, EX 18746/C ORA/PRO 60194R
    • Terres, J.-M., 1999: The Crop Growth Monitoring System implemented by JRC/ARIS unit for the information needs of the EC DG VI - Agriculture. Proc. Int. Symp. on Modeling Cropping Systems, Cataluna, Spain, European Society for Agronomy, Division Agroclimatology and Agronomic Modeling, EX 18746/C ORA/PRO 60194R, 261-264.
    • (1999) Proc. Int. Symp. on Modeling Cropping Systems , pp. 261-264
    • Terres, J.-M.1
  • 67
    • 0034728824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Forecasting disease risk with seasonal climate predictions
    • Thomson, M. C., T. N. Palmer, A. P. Morse, M. Cresswell, and S. J. Connor, 2000: Forecasting disease risk with seasonal climate predictions. Lancet, 355, 1559-1560.
    • (2000) Lancet , vol.355 , pp. 1559-1560
    • Thomson, M.C.1    Palmer, T.N.2    Morse, A.P.3    Cresswell, M.4    Connor, S.J.5
  • 68
    • 84869395827 scopus 로고
    • Crop growth monitoring and yield forecasting at regional and national scale
    • Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Luxembourg Rep. EUR 16008 EN
    • van Diepen, C. A., and T. van der Wal, 1995: Crop growth monitoring and yield forecasting at regional and national scale. Agrometeorological models: Theory and applications in the MARS Project. Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Luxembourg, Rep. EUR 16008 EN, 143-157.
    • (1995) Agrometeorological Models: Theory and Applications in the MARS Project , pp. 143-157
    • van Diepen, C.A.1    van der Wal, T.2
  • 70
    • 0346013599 scopus 로고
    • Early crop production assessment of the European Union, the system implemented by the MARS-STAT project
    • Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Luxembourg, Rep. EUR 16008 EN
    • Vossen, P., 1995: Early crop production assessment of the European Union, the system implemented by the MARS-STAT project. Agrometeorological models: Theory and applications in the MARS Project. Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Luxembourg, Rep. EUR 16008 EN, 21-51.
    • (1995) Agrometeorological Models: Theory and Applications in the MARS Project , pp. 21-51
    • Vossen, P.1
  • 71
    • 0031412203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Downscaling general circulation model output: A review of methods and limitations
    • Wilby, R. L., and T. M. L. Wigley, 1997: Downscaling general circulation model output: A review of methods and limitations. Prog. Phys. Geogr., 21, 530-548.
    • (1997) Prog. Phys. Geogr. , vol.21 , pp. 530-548
    • Wilby, R.L.1    Wigley, T.M.L.2
  • 72
    • 0011601992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Downscaling general circulation model output: A reappraisal of methods and limitations. Climate prediction and agriculture
    • Geneva, Switzerland, WMO
    • Wilby, R. L., and T. M. L. Wigley, 2000: Downscaling general circulation model output: A reappraisal of methods and limitations. Climate prediction and agriculture. Proc. START/WMO Int. Workshop, Geneva, Switzerland, WMO, 39-68.
    • (2000) Proc. START/WMO Int. Workshop , pp. 39-68
    • Wilby, R.L.1    Wigley, T.M.L.2
  • 74
    • 0003784713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deutsches Klimarechenzentrum Tech. Rep. 13, Hamburg, Germany [Available from Model and Data Group c/o Max-Planck Institut für Meteorologie, Bundesstr. 55, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany.]
    • Wolff, J. E., E. Maier-Reimer, and S. Legutke, 1997: The Hamburg Ocean primitive equation model. Deutsches Klimarechenzentrum Tech. Rep. 13, Hamburg, Germany, 13 pp. [Available from Model and Data Group c/o Max-Planck Institut für Meteorologie, Bundesstr. 55, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany.]
    • (1997) The Hamburg Ocean Primitive Equation Model , pp. 13
    • Wolff, J.E.1    Maier-Reimer, E.2    Legutke, S.3
  • 75
    • 3543056564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Malaria early warning systems: Concepts, indicators and partners
    • WHO World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
    • WHO, 2001: Malaria early warning systems: Concepts, indicators and partners. Roll Back Malaria Cabinet Project, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 80 pp.
    • (2001) Roll Back Malaria Cabinet Project , pp. 80
  • 76
    • 0006923001 scopus 로고
    • World Climate Research Programme World Meteorological Organisation Tech. Doc. WMO/TD-64
    • World Climate Research Programme, 1985: Scientific plan for the tropical ocean and global atmosphere program. World Meteorological Organisation Tech. Doc. WMO/TD-64, 146 pp.
    • (1985) Scientific Plan for the Tropical Ocean and Global Atmosphere Program , pp. 146
  • 77
    • 0000335201 scopus 로고
    • A model of El Nino-Southern Oscillation
    • Zebiak, S. E., and M. A. Cane, 1987: A model of El Nino-Southern Oscillation. Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 2262-2278.
    • (1987) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.115 , pp. 2262-2278
    • Zebiak, S.E.1    Cane, M.A.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.