메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 77, Issue 3, 2017, Pages 153-163

Pre-analytical phase management: a review of the procedures from patient preparation to laboratory analysis

Author keywords

Blood specimen collection; clinical laboratory techniques; patient safety; quality control; total quality management

Indexed keywords

EDETIC ACID;

EID: 85014511380     PISSN: 00365513     EISSN: 15027686     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2017.1295317     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (72)

References (98)
  • 2
    • 0019571316 scopus 로고
    • Acting on significant laboratory results
    • Lundberg G., Acting on significant laboratory results. JAMA 1981;245:1762–3.
    • (1981) JAMA , vol.245 , pp. 1762-1763
    • Lundberg, G.1
  • 3
    • 8844235059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification errors in pathology and laboratory medicine
    • Valenstein PN, Sirota RL., Identification errors in pathology and laboratory medicine. Clin Lab Med 2004;24:979–96.
    • (2004) Clin Lab Med , vol.24 , pp. 979-996
    • Valenstein, P.N.1    Sirota, R.L.2
  • 5
    • 84891346186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deviations from venous blood specimen collection guideline adherence among senior nursing students
    • Nilsson K, Grankvist K, Juthberg C, Brulin C, Söderberg J., Deviations from venous blood specimen collection guideline adherence among senior nursing students. Nurse Educ Today 2014;34:237–42.
    • (2014) Nurse Educ Today , vol.34 , pp. 237-242
    • Nilsson, K.1    Grankvist, K.2    Juthberg, C.3    Brulin, C.4    Söderberg, J.5
  • 6
    • 0037362733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of total laboratory automation on the management of a clinical chemistry laboratory. Retrospective analysis of 36 years
    • Sarkozi L, Simson E, Ramanathan L., The effects of total laboratory automation on the management of a clinical chemistry laboratory. Retrospective analysis of 36 years. Clin Chim Acta 2003;329:89–94.
    • (2003) Clin Chim Acta , vol.329 , pp. 89-94
    • Sarkozi, L.1    Simson, E.2    Ramanathan, L.3
  • 7
    • 0032734847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new direction in automated laboratory testing in Japan: five years of experience with total laboratory automation system management
    • Tatsumi N, Okuda K, Tsuda I., A new direction in automated laboratory testing in Japan:five years of experience with total laboratory automation system management. Clin Chim Acta 1999;290:93–108.
    • (1999) Clin Chim Acta , vol.290 , pp. 93-108
    • Tatsumi, N.1    Okuda, K.2    Tsuda, I.3
  • 9
    • 84885082347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effective reduction of tourniquet application time after minor modification of the CLSI H03-A6 blood collection procedure
    • Lima-Oliveira G, Lippi G, Salvagno GL, Montagnana M, Picheth G, Guidi GC., The effective reduction of tourniquet application time after minor modification of the CLSI H03-A6 blood collection procedure. Biochem Med 2013;23:308–15.
    • (2013) Biochem Med , vol.23 , pp. 308-315
    • Lima-Oliveira, G.1    Lippi, G.2    Salvagno, G.L.3    Montagnana, M.4    Picheth, G.5    Guidi, G.C.6
  • 11
    • 84901612331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Standardization of collection requirements for fasting samples: For the Working Group on Preanalytical Phase (WG-PA) of the European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (EFLM)
    • Simundic AM, Cornes MP, Grankvist K, Lippi G, Nybo M., Standardization of collection requirements for fasting samples:For the Working Group on Preanalytical Phase (WG-PA) of the European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (EFLM). Clin Chim Acta 2014;432:33–7.
    • (2014) Clin Chim Acta , vol.432 , pp. 33-37
    • Simundic, A.M.1    Cornes, M.P.2    Grankvist, K.3    Lippi, G.4    Nybo, M.5
  • 16
    • 84893598909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physical activity: an important preanalytical variable
    • Sanchis-Gomar F, Lippi G., Physical activity:an important preanalytical variable. Biochem Med (Zagreb) 2014;24:68–79.
    • (2014) Biochem Med (Zagreb) , vol.24 , pp. 68-79
    • Sanchis-Gomar, F.1    Lippi, G.2
  • 20
    • 33746617367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of the needle bore size used for collecting venous blood samples on routine clinical chemistry testing
    • Lippi G, Salvagno GL, Montagnana M, Brocco G, Guidi GC., Influence of the needle bore size used for collecting venous blood samples on routine clinical chemistry testing. Clin Chem Lab Med 2006;44:1009–14.
    • (2006) Clin Chem Lab Med , vol.44 , pp. 1009-1014
    • Lippi, G.1    Salvagno, G.L.2    Montagnana, M.3    Brocco, G.4    Guidi, G.C.5
  • 28
    • 84893588252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interferences from blood collection tube components on clinical chemistry assays
    • Bowen RAR, Remaley AT., Interferences from blood collection tube components on clinical chemistry assays. Biochem Med (Zagreb) 2014;24:31–44.
    • (2014) Biochem Med (Zagreb) , vol.24 , pp. 31-44
    • Bowen, R.A.R.1    Remaley, A.T.2
  • 29
    • 84861234251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Different manufacturers of syringes: a new source of variability in blood gas, acid-base balance and related laboratory test?
    • Lima-Oliveira G, Lippi G, Salvagno GL, Montagnana M, Picheth G, Guidi GC., Different manufacturers of syringes:a new source of variability in blood gas, acid-base balance and related laboratory test? Clin Biochem 2012;45:683–7.
    • (2012) Clin Biochem , vol.45 , pp. 683-687
    • Lima-Oliveira, G.1    Lippi, G.2    Salvagno, G.L.3    Montagnana, M.4    Picheth, G.5    Guidi, G.C.6
  • 32
    • 84913555800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Postural change during venous blood collection is a major source of bias in clinical chemistry testing
    • Lippi G, Salvagno GL, Lima-Oliveira G, Brocco G, Danese E, Guidi GC., Postural change during venous blood collection is a major source of bias in clinical chemistry testing. Clin Chim Acta 2015;440:164–8.
    • (2015) Clin Chim Acta , vol.440 , pp. 164-168
    • Lippi, G.1    Salvagno, G.L.2    Lima-Oliveira, G.3    Brocco, G.4    Danese, E.5    Guidi, G.C.6
  • 33
    • 84919968837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circulating cardiac troponin T is not influenced by postural changes during venous blood collection
    • Lippi G, Salvagno GL, Lima-Oliveira G, Montagnana M, Danese E, Guidi GC., Circulating cardiac troponin T is not influenced by postural changes during venous blood collection. Int J Cardiol 2014;177:1076–7.
    • (2014) Int J Cardiol , vol.177 , pp. 1076-1077
    • Lippi, G.1    Salvagno, G.L.2    Lima-Oliveira, G.3    Montagnana, M.4    Danese, E.5    Guidi, G.C.6
  • 35
    • 0018191518 scopus 로고
    • Posture and the composition of plasma
    • Dixon M, Paterson CR., Posture and the composition of plasma. Clin Chem 1978;24:824–6.
    • (1978) Clin Chem , vol.24 , pp. 824-826
    • Dixon, M.1    Paterson, C.R.2
  • 36
    • 85032043490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Standardizing patient’s posture during blood collection by venipuncture
    • Lima-Oliveira G., Standardizing patient’s posture during blood collection by venipuncture. Avicenna J Med Biochem 2016;4:e33936.
    • (2016) Avicenna J Med Biochem , vol.4 , pp. e33936
    • Lima-Oliveira, G.1
  • 37
    • 0036256877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of four antiseptic preparations for skin in the prevention of contamination of percutaneously drawn blood cultures: a randomized trial
    • Calfee DP, Farr BM., Comparison of four antiseptic preparations for skin in the prevention of contamination of percutaneously drawn blood cultures:a randomized trial. J Clin Microbiol 2002;40:1660–5.
    • (2002) J Clin Microbiol , vol.40 , pp. 1660-1665
    • Calfee, D.P.1    Farr, B.M.2
  • 38
    • 77953839835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemolysis detection and management of hemolyzed specimens
    • Simundic AM, Topic E, Nikolac N, Lippi G., Hemolysis detection and management of hemolyzed specimens. Biochemia Medica 2010;20:154–9.
    • (2010) Biochemia Medica , vol.20 , pp. 154-159
    • Simundic, A.M.1    Topic, E.2    Nikolac, N.3    Lippi, G.4
  • 39
    • 80052289159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemolyzed specimens: a major challenge for emergency departments and clinical laboratories
    • Lippi G, Plebani M, Di Somma S, Cervellin G., Hemolyzed specimens:a major challenge for emergency departments and clinical laboratories. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2011;48:143–53.
    • (2011) Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci , vol.48 , pp. 143-153
    • Lippi, G.1    Plebani, M.2    Di Somma, S.3    Cervellin, G.4
  • 41
    • 43249108441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cubital fossa venipuncture sites based on anatomical variations and relationships of cutaneous veins and nerves
    • Yamada K, Yamada K, Katsuda I, Hida T., Cubital fossa venipuncture sites based on anatomical variations and relationships of cutaneous veins and nerves. Clin Anat 2008;21:307–13.
    • (2008) Clin Anat , vol.21 , pp. 307-313
    • Yamada, K.1    Yamada, K.2    Katsuda, I.3    Hida, T.4
  • 42
    • 24044454046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors affecting hemolysis rates in blood samples drawn from newly placed IV sites in the emergency department
    • Dugan L, Leech L, Speroni KG, Corriher J., Factors affecting hemolysis rates in blood samples drawn from newly placed IV sites in the emergency department. J Emerg Nurs 2005;31:338–45.
    • (2005) J Emerg Nurs , vol.31 , pp. 338-345
    • Dugan, L.1    Leech, L.2    Speroni, K.G.3    Corriher, J.4
  • 43
    • 84902085872 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood collection from intravenous lines: is one drawing site better than others?
    • Lippi G, Avanzini P, Aloe R, Cervellin G., Blood collection from intravenous lines:is one drawing site better than others? Lab Med 2014;45:172–5.
    • (2014) Lab Med , vol.45 , pp. 172-175
    • Lippi, G.1    Avanzini, P.2    Aloe, R.3    Cervellin, G.4
  • 47
    • 79960130914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New ways to deal with known preanalytical issues: use of transilluminator instead of tourniquet for easing vein access and eliminating stasis on clinical biochemistry
    • Lima-Oliveira G, Lippi G, Salvagno GL, Montagnana M, Mangueira C, Sumita N, Picheth G, Guidi GC, Scartezini M., New ways to deal with known preanalytical issues:use of transilluminator instead of tourniquet for easing vein access and eliminating stasis on clinical biochemistry. Biochemia Medica 2011;21:152–9.
    • (2011) Biochemia Medica , vol.21 , pp. 152-159
    • Lima-Oliveira, G.1    Lippi, G.2    Salvagno, G.L.3    Montagnana, M.4    Mangueira, C.5    Sumita, N.6    Picheth, G.7    Guidi, G.C.8    Scartezini, M.9
  • 48
    • 79960131955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transillumination: a new tool to eliminate the impact of venous stasis during the procedure for the collection of diagnostic blood specimens for routine haematological testing
    • Lima-Oliveira G, Lippi G, Salvagno GL, Montagnana M, Scartezini M, Guidi GC, Picheth G., Transillumination:a new tool to eliminate the impact of venous stasis during the procedure for the collection of diagnostic blood specimens for routine haematological testing. Int J Lab Hematol 2011;33:457–62.
    • (2011) Int J Lab Hematol , vol.33 , pp. 457-462
    • Lima-Oliveira, G.1    Lippi, G.2    Salvagno, G.L.3    Montagnana, M.4    Scartezini, M.5    Guidi, G.C.6    Picheth, G.7
  • 50
    • 0031924814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transillumination mapping prior to ambulatory phlebectomy
    • Weiss RA, Goldman MP., Transillumination mapping prior to ambulatory phlebectomy. Dermatol Surg 1998;24:447–50.
    • (1998) Dermatol Surg , vol.24 , pp. 447-450
    • Weiss, R.A.1    Goldman, M.P.2
  • 51
    • 85015651114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AccuVein. Exclusive Distribution by Becton, Dickinson and Co. 2016. Available from:http://www.accuvein.com/how-to-buy/international/exclusive-distribution-by-becton-dickinson-and-co/ (last accessed 8 September 2016).
    • (2016)
  • 52
    • 85015647542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Christie Medical Holding. Christie distributor inquiry form 2016. 2016. Available from:https://www.christiemed.com/how-to-buy/veinviewer-distributors (last accessed 8 September 2016).
    • (2016)
  • 53
    • 84867280165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of the phlebotomy training based on CLSI/NCCLS H03-A6–procedures for the collection of diagnostic blood specimens by venipuncture
    • Lima-Oliveira G, Lippi G, Salvagno GL, Montagnana M, Picheth G, Guidi GC., Impact of the phlebotomy training based on CLSI/NCCLS H03-A6–procedures for the collection of diagnostic blood specimens by venipuncture. Biochem Med (Zagreb) 2012;22:342–51.
    • (2012) Biochem Med (Zagreb) , vol.22 , pp. 342-351
    • Lima-Oliveira, G.1    Lippi, G.2    Salvagno, G.L.3    Montagnana, M.4    Picheth, G.5    Guidi, G.C.6
  • 54
    • 84893914565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ® and transillumination comparison article
    • ® and transillumination comparison article. Blood Transfus 2014;12:S3–S5.
    • (2014) Blood Transfus , vol.12 , pp. S3-S5
    • Baxter, A.1    Lawson, M.2
  • 57
    • 84999849982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimation of the imprecision on clinical chemistry testing due to fist clenching and maintenance during venipuncture
    • Lima-Oliveira G, Guidi GC, Salvagno GL, Brocco G, Danese E, Lippi G., Estimation of the imprecision on clinical chemistry testing due to fist clenching and maintenance during venipuncture. Clin Biochem 2016;49:1364–7.
    • (2016) Clin Biochem , vol.49 , pp. 1364-1367
    • Lima-Oliveira, G.1    Guidi, G.C.2    Salvagno, G.L.3    Brocco, G.4    Danese, E.5    Lippi, G.6
  • 58
    • 85006258610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of fist clenching and maintenance during blood collection by venipuncture for routine hematology testing
    • Lima-Oliveira G, Guidi GC, Salvagno GL, Lippi G., Impact of fist clenching and maintenance during blood collection by venipuncture for routine hematology testing. J Clin Lab Anal 2016. [Epub ahead of print]. doi:10.1002/jcla.22108
    • (2016) J Clin Lab Anal
    • Lima-Oliveira, G.1    Guidi, G.C.2    Salvagno, G.L.3    Lippi, G.4
  • 59
    • 84962728568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does fist pumping/clenching during venipuncture activate blood coagulation?
    • Lippi G, Lima-Oliveira G, Guidi GC., Does fist pumping/clenching during venipuncture activate blood coagulation? Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2016;27:357–8.
    • (2016) Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis , vol.27 , pp. 357-358
    • Lippi, G.1    Lima-Oliveira, G.2    Guidi, G.C.3
  • 60
    • 34248149071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) as in vitro anticoagulant for diagnostic purposes
    • Banfi G, Salvagno GL, Lippi G., The role of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) as in vitro anticoagulant for diagnostic purposes. Clin Chem Lab Med 2007;45:565–76.
    • (2007) Clin Chem Lab Med , vol.45 , pp. 565-576
    • Banfi, G.1    Salvagno, G.L.2    Lippi, G.3
  • 61
    • 17444444102 scopus 로고
    • Recommended order of draw for collecting blood specimens into additive-containing tubes
    • Calam RR, Cooper MH., Recommended order of draw for collecting blood specimens into additive-containing tubes. Clin Chem 1982;28:1399.
    • (1982) Clin Chem , vol.28 , pp. 1399
    • Calam, R.R.1    Cooper, M.H.2
  • 62
    • 84908122921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contamination of lithium heparin blood by k2-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA): an experimental evaluation
    • Lima-Oliveira G, Salvagno GL, Danese E, Brocco G, Guidi GC, Lippi G., Contamination of lithium heparin blood by k2-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA):an experimental evaluation. Biochem Med (Zagreb) 2014;24:359–67.
    • (2014) Biochem Med (Zagreb) , vol.24 , pp. 359-367
    • Lima-Oliveira, G.1    Salvagno, G.L.2    Danese, E.3    Brocco, G.4    Guidi, G.C.5    Lippi, G.6
  • 63
    • 84928410439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sodium citrate blood contamination by K2-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA): impact on routine coagulation testing
    • Lima-Oliveira G, Salvagno GL, Danese E, Favaloro EJ, Guidi GC, Lippi G., Sodium citrate blood contamination by K2-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA):impact on routine coagulation testing. Int J Lab Hematol 2015;37:403–9.
    • (2015) Int J Lab Hematol , vol.37 , pp. 403-409
    • Lima-Oliveira, G.1    Salvagno, G.L.2    Danese, E.3    Favaloro, E.J.4    Guidi, G.C.5    Lippi, G.6
  • 64
    • 0036257574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of contamination of blood specimens with liquid potassium-EDTA anticoagulant
    • Davidson DF., Effects of contamination of blood specimens with liquid potassium-EDTA anticoagulant. Ann Clin Biochem 2002;39:273–80.
    • (2002) Ann Clin Biochem , vol.39 , pp. 273-280
    • Davidson, D.F.1
  • 69
    • 67749091317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EDTA sample contamination is common and often undetected, putting patients at unnecessary risk of harm
    • Sharratt CL, Gilbert CJ, Cornes MC, Ford C, Gama R., EDTA sample contamination is common and often undetected, putting patients at unnecessary risk of harm. Int J Clin Pract 2009;63:1259–62.
    • (2009) Int J Clin Pract , vol.63 , pp. 1259-1262
    • Sharratt, C.L.1    Gilbert, C.J.2    Cornes, M.C.3    Ford, C.4    Gama, R.5
  • 70
    • 84998865448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Order of blood draw: opinion Paper by the European Federation for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (EFLM) Working Group for the Preanalytical Phase (WG-PRE)
    • Cornes M, van Dongen-Lases E, Grankvist K, Ibarz M, Kristensen G, Lippi G, Nybo M, Simundic AM., Working Group for Preanalytical Phase (WG-PRE) European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (EFLM). Order of blood draw:opinion Paper by the European Federation for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (EFLM) Working Group for the Preanalytical Phase (WG-PRE). Clin Chem Lab Med 2017;55:27–31.
    • (2017) Clin Chem Lab Med , vol.55 , pp. 27-31
    • Cornes, M.1    van Dongen-Lases, E.2    Grankvist, K.3    Ibarz, M.4    Kristensen, G.5    Lippi, G.6    Nybo, M.7    Simundic, A.M.8
  • 71
    • 84856541768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • To mix or not to mix venous blood samples collected in vacuum tubes?
    • Parenmark A, Landberg E., To mix or not to mix venous blood samples collected in vacuum tubes? Clin Chem Lab Med 2011;49:2061–3.
    • (2011) Clin Chem Lab Med , vol.49 , pp. 2061-2063
    • Parenmark, A.1    Landberg, E.2
  • 74
    • 85032044568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phlebotomist labelling primary blood tubes for clinical laboratory tests: an important step to medical diagnostics
    • Lima-Oliveira G, Lippi G, Salvagno GL, Picheth G, Guidi GC., Phlebotomist labelling primary blood tubes for clinical laboratory tests:an important step to medical diagnostics. J Med Diagn Meth 2014;3:E111.
    • (2014) J Med Diagn Meth , vol.3 , pp. E111
    • Lima-Oliveira, G.1    Lippi, G.2    Salvagno, G.L.3    Picheth, G.4    Guidi, G.C.5
  • 75
    • 59949099529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preanalytical errors in primary healthcare: a questionnaire study of information search procedures, test request management and test tube labelling
    • Söderberg J, Brulin C, Grankvist K, Wallin O., Preanalytical errors in primary healthcare:a questionnaire study of information search procedures, test request management and test tube labelling. Clin Chem Lab Med 2009;47:195–201.
    • (2009) Clin Chem Lab Med , vol.47 , pp. 195-201
    • Söderberg, J.1    Brulin, C.2    Grankvist, K.3    Wallin, O.4
  • 76
    • 41849115905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preanalytical venous blood sampling practices demand improvement–a survey of test-request management, test-tube labelling and information search procedures
    • Wallin O, Soderberg J, Van Guelpen B, Stenlund H, Grankvist K, Brulin C., Preanalytical venous blood sampling practices demand improvement–a survey of test-request management, test-tube labelling and information search procedures. Clin Chim Acta 2008;391:91–7.
    • (2008) Clin Chim Acta , vol.391 , pp. 91-97
    • Wallin, O.1    Soderberg, J.2    Van Guelpen, B.3    Stenlund, H.4    Grankvist, K.5    Brulin, C.6
  • 77
    • 84856509742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Specimen labelling: before or after collection?
    • Hawkins R., Specimen labelling:before or after collection? Clin Chem Lab Med 2011;49:2119–20.
    • (2011) Clin Chem Lab Med , vol.49 , pp. 2119-2120
    • Hawkins, R.1
  • 78
    • 84885028011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Croatian Society of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine: national recommendations for venous blood sampling
    • Nikolac N, Supak-Smolcic V, Simundic AM, Celap I., Croatian Society of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine:national recommendations for venous blood sampling. Biochem Med 2013;23:242–54.
    • (2013) Biochem Med , vol.23 , pp. 242-254
    • Nikolac, N.1    Supak-Smolcic, V.2    Simundic, A.M.3    Celap, I.4
  • 80
    • 38149078766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of a pneumatic tube and computerized physician order management on laboratory turnaround time
    • Guss DA, Chan TC, Killeen JP., The impact of a pneumatic tube and computerized physician order management on laboratory turnaround time. Ann Emerg Med 2008;51:181–5.
    • (2008) Ann Emerg Med , vol.51 , pp. 181-185
    • Guss, D.A.1    Chan, T.C.2    Killeen, J.P.3
  • 81
    • 33645284139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pneumatic tube delivery system for blood samples reduces turnaround times without affecting sample quality
    • Fernandes CM, Worster A, Eva K, Hill S, McCallum C., Pneumatic tube delivery system for blood samples reduces turnaround times without affecting sample quality. J Emerg Nurs 2006;32:139–43.
    • (2006) J Emerg Nurs , vol.32 , pp. 139-143
    • Fernandes, C.M.1    Worster, A.2    Eva, K.3    Hill, S.4    McCallum, C.5
  • 82
    • 0026605279 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of a soft-handling computerized pneumatic tube specimen delivery system. Effects on analytical results and turnaround time
    • Keshgegian A, Bull G. Evaluation of a soft-handling computerized pneumatic tube specimen delivery system. Effects on analytical results and turnaround time. Am J Clin Pathol 1992;97:535–40.
    • (1992) Am J Clin Pathol , vol.97 , pp. 535-540
    • Keshgegian, A.1    Bull, G.2
  • 83
    • 84904399762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of preanalytical phase for routine hematological testing: is the pneumatic tube system a source of laboratory variability or an important facility tool?
    • Lima-Oliveira G, Lippi G, Salvagno GL, Dima F, Brocco G, Picheth G, Guidi GC., Management of preanalytical phase for routine hematological testing:is the pneumatic tube system a source of laboratory variability or an important facility tool? Int J Lab Hematol 2014;36:e37–40.
    • (2014) Int J Lab Hematol , vol.36 , pp. e37-e40
    • Lima-Oliveira, G.1    Lippi, G.2    Salvagno, G.L.3    Dima, F.4    Brocco, G.5    Picheth, G.6    Guidi, G.C.7
  • 84
    • 53849144983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preanalytical effects of pneumatic tube transport on routine haematology, coagulation parameters, platelet function and global coagulation
    • Wallin O, Soderberg J, Grankvist K, Jonsson PA, Hultdin J., Preanalytical effects of pneumatic tube transport on routine haematology, coagulation parameters, platelet function and global coagulation. Clin Chem Lab Med 2008;46:1443–9.
    • (2008) Clin Chem Lab Med , vol.46 , pp. 1443-1449
    • Wallin, O.1    Soderberg, J.2    Grankvist, K.3    Jonsson, P.A.4    Hultdin, J.5
  • 86
    • 84902507815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inversion of lithium heparin gel tubes after centrifugation is a significant source of bias in clinical chemistry testing
    • Lippi G, Salvagno GL, Danese E, Lima-Oliveira G, Brocco G, Guidi GC., Inversion of lithium heparin gel tubes after centrifugation is a significant source of bias in clinical chemistry testing. Clin Chim Acta 2014;436:183–7.
    • (2014) Clin Chim Acta , vol.436 , pp. 183-187
    • Lippi, G.1    Salvagno, G.L.2    Danese, E.3    Lima-Oliveira, G.4    Brocco, G.5    Guidi, G.C.6
  • 87
    • 77954241396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The hospital central laboratory: automation, integration and clinical usefulness
    • Zaninotto M, Plebani M., The hospital central laboratory:automation, integration and clinical usefulness. Clin Chem Lab Med 2010;48:911–7.
    • (2010) Clin Chem Lab Med , vol.48 , pp. 911-917
    • Zaninotto, M.1    Plebani, M.2
  • 88
    • 35348927438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Laboratory automation: total and subtotal
    • Hawker CD., Laboratory automation:total and subtotal. Clin Lab Med 2007;27:749–70, vi.
    • (2007) Clin Lab Med , vol.27 , pp. 749-70, vi
    • Hawker, C.D.1
  • 90
    • 0036790321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Automated transport and sorting system in a large reference laboratory: part 2. Implementation of the system and performance measures over three years
    • Hawker CD, Roberts WL, Garr SB, Hamilton LT, Penrose JR, Ashwood ER, Weiss RL., Automated transport and sorting system in a large reference laboratory:part 2. Implementation of the system and performance measures over three years. Clin Chem 2002;48:1761–7.
    • (2002) Clin Chem , vol.48 , pp. 1761-1767
    • Hawker, C.D.1    Roberts, W.L.2    Garr, S.B.3    Hamilton, L.T.4    Penrose, J.R.5    Ashwood, E.R.6    Weiss, R.L.7
  • 91
    • 0036792380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Automated transport and sorting system in a large reference laboratory: part 1. Evaluation of needs and alternatives and development of a plan
    • Hawker CD, Garr SB, Hamilton LT, Penrose JR, Ashwood ER, Weiss RL., Automated transport and sorting system in a large reference laboratory:part 1. Evaluation of needs and alternatives and development of a plan. Clin Chem 2002;48:1751–60.
    • (2002) Clin Chem , vol.48 , pp. 1751-1760
    • Hawker, C.D.1    Garr, S.B.2    Hamilton, L.T.3    Penrose, J.R.4    Ashwood, E.R.5    Weiss, R.L.6
  • 92
    • 0034117704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of standards for laboratory automation
    • Hawker CD, Schlank MR., Development of standards for laboratory automation. Clin Chem 2000;46:746–50.
    • (2000) Clin Chem , vol.46 , pp. 746-750
    • Hawker, C.D.1    Schlank, M.R.2
  • 95
    • 0029878630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why is the laboratory an afterthought for managed care organizations?
    • Forsman RW., Why is the laboratory an afterthought for managed care organizations? Clin Chem 1996;42:813–16.
    • (1996) Clin Chem , vol.42 , pp. 813-816
    • Forsman, R.W.1
  • 96
    • 84856020641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ‘70% claim’: what is the evidence base?
    • Hallworth MJ., The ‘70% claim’:what is the evidence base? Ann Clin Biochem 2011;48:487–8.
    • (2011) Ann Clin Biochem , vol.48 , pp. 487-488
    • Hallworth, M.J.1
  • 97
    • 84966573898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EFLM WG-preanalytical phase opinion paper: local validation of blood collection tubes in clinical laboratories
    • Lippi G, Cornes MP, Grankvist K, Nybo M, Simundic AM., Working Group for Preanalytical P, European Federation of Clinical C, Laboratory M. EFLM WG-preanalytical phase opinion paper:local validation of blood collection tubes in clinical laboratories. Clin Chem Lab Med 2016;54:755–60.
    • (2016) Clin Chem Lab Med , vol.54 , pp. 755-760
    • Lippi, G.1    Cornes, M.P.2    Grankvist, K.3    Nybo, M.4    Simundic, A.M.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.