메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2013, Pages 235-247

Vitamin D: Production, Metabolism, Mechanism of Action, and Clinical Requirements

Author keywords

Classical target tissues; Clinical requirements; Keratinocyte function; Metabolism; Metabolites; Nonclassical target tissues; Nutritional considerations; Vitamin D

Indexed keywords


EID: 85009848202     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1002/9781118453926.ch29     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (31)

References (95)
  • 1
    • 0019367350 scopus 로고
    • Factors that influence the cutaneous photosynthesis of previtamin D3
    • Holick MF, McLaughlin JA, Clark MB, Doppelt SH. 1981. Factors that influence the cutaneous photosynthesis of previtamin D3. Science 211: 590-593.
    • (1981) Science , vol.211 , pp. 590-593
    • Holick, M.F.1    McLaughlin, J.A.2    Clark, M.B.3    Doppelt, S.H.4
  • 4
    • 0023741187 scopus 로고
    • Influence of season and latitude on the cutaneous synthesis of vitamin D3: Exposure to winter sunlight in Boston and Edmonton will not promote vitamin D3 synthesis in human skin
    • Webb AR, Kline L, Holick MF. 1988. Influence of season and latitude on the cutaneous synthesis of vitamin D3: Exposure to winter sunlight in Boston and Edmonton will not promote vitamin D3 synthesis in human skin. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 67: 373-378.
    • (1988) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.67 , pp. 373-378
    • Webb, A.R.1    Kline, L.2    Holick, M.F.3
  • 5
    • 0020042654 scopus 로고
    • Vitamin-D synthesis and metabolism after ultraviolet irradiation of normal and vitamin-D-deficient subjects
    • Adams JS, Clemens TL, Parrish JA, Holick MF. 1982. Vitamin-D synthesis and metabolism after ultraviolet irradiation of normal and vitamin-D-deficient subjects. N Engl J Med 306: 722-725.
    • (1982) N Engl J Med , vol.306 , pp. 722-725
    • Adams, J.S.1    Clemens, T.L.2    Parrish, J.A.3    Holick, M.F.4
  • 7
    • 34447514029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin D deficiency
    • Holick MF. 2007. Vitamin D deficiency. N Engl J Med 357: 266-281.
    • (2007) N Engl J Med , vol.357 , pp. 266-281
    • Holick, M.F.1
  • 9
    • 0028945042 scopus 로고
    • Two vitamin D response elements function in the rat 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 24-hydroxylase promoter
    • Zierold C, Darwish HM, DeLuca HF. 1995. Two vitamin D response elements function in the rat 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 24-hydroxylase promoter. J Biol Chem 270: 1675-1678.
    • (1995) J Biol Chem , vol.270 , pp. 1675-1678
    • Zierold, C.1    Darwish, H.M.2    DeLuca, H.F.3
  • 10
    • 20144362158 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alternative splicing of vitamin D-24-hydroxylase: A novel mechanism for the regulation of extrarenal 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D synthesis
    • Ren S, Nguyen L, Wu S, Encinas C, Adams JS, Hewison M. 2005. Alternative splicing of vitamin D-24-hydroxylase: A novel mechanism for the regulation of extrarenal 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D synthesis. J Biol Chem 280: 20604-20611.
    • (2005) J Biol Chem , vol.280 , pp. 20604-20611
    • Ren, S.1    Nguyen, L.2    Wu, S.3    Encinas, C.4    Adams, J.S.5    Hewison, M.6
  • 11
    • 34347214450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Splice variants of the CYP27b1 gene and the regulation of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 production
    • Wu S, Ren S, Nguyen L, Adams JS, Hewison M. 2007. Splice variants of the CYP27b1 gene and the regulation of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 production. Endocrinology 148: 3410-3418.
    • (2007) Endocrinology , vol.148 , pp. 3410-3418
    • Wu, S.1    Ren, S.2    Nguyen, L.3    Adams, J.S.4    Hewison, M.5
  • 12
    • 0024577002 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D production in human keratinocytes by interferon-gamma
    • Bikle DD, Pillai S, Gee E, Hincenbergs M. 1989. Regulation of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D production in human keratinocytes by interferon-gamma. Endocrinology 124: 655-660.
    • (1989) Endocrinology , vol.124 , pp. 655-660
    • Bikle, D.D.1    Pillai, S.2    Gee, E.3    Hincenbergs, M.4
  • 13
    • 0025902372 scopus 로고
    • Tumor necrosis factor-alpha regulation of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D production by human keratinocytes
    • Bikle DD, Pillai S, Gee E, Hincenbergs M. 1991. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha regulation of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D production by human keratinocytes. Endocrinology 129: 33-38.
    • (1991) Endocrinology , vol.129 , pp. 33-38
    • Bikle, D.D.1    Pillai, S.2    Gee, E.3    Hincenbergs, M.4
  • 15
    • 0024458553 scopus 로고
    • Vitamin D binding protein (Gc-globulin)
    • Cooke NE, Haddad JG. 1989. Vitamin D binding protein (Gc-globulin). Endocr Rev 10: 294-307.
    • (1989) Endocr Rev , vol.10 , pp. 294-307
    • Cooke, N.E.1    Haddad, J.G.2
  • 16
    • 46349101217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin D-binding protein
    • Feldman D, Pike JW, Glorieux F (eds.), San Diego: Elsevier Academic Press
    • Liang C, Cooke N. 2005. Vitamin D-binding protein. In: Feldman D, Pike JW, Glorieux F (eds.) Vitamin D, 2nd Ed. San Diego: Elsevier Academic Press. pp. 117-134.
    • (2005) Vitamin D, 2nd Ed , pp. 117-134
    • Liang, C.1    Cooke, N.2
  • 17
    • 34547169941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endocytic pathways for 25-(OH) vitamin D3
    • Feldman D, Pike JW, Glorieux F (eds.), San Diego: Elsevier Academic Press
    • Willnow T, Nykjaer A. 2005. Endocytic pathways for 25-(OH) vitamin D3. In: Feldman D, Pike JW, Glorieux F (eds.) Vitamin D, 2nd Ed. San Diego: Elsevier Academic Press. pp. 153-163.
    • (2005) Vitamin D, 2nd Ed , pp. 153-163
    • Willnow, T.1    Nykjaer, A.2
  • 18
    • 46349085557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin D-binding protein influences total circulating levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 but does not directly modulate the bioactive levels of the hormone in vivo
    • Zella LA, Shevde NK, Hollis BW, Cooke NE, Pike JW. 2008. Vitamin D-binding protein influences total circulating levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 but does not directly modulate the bioactive levels of the hormone in vivo. Endocrinology 149: 3656-3667.
    • (2008) Endocrinology , vol.149 , pp. 3656-3667
    • Zella, L.A.1    Shevde, N.K.2    Hollis, B.W.3    Cooke, N.E.4    Pike, J.W.5
  • 20
    • 24144497767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Bound" to work: The free hormone hypothesis revisited
    • Adams JS. 2005. "Bound" to work: The free hormone hypothesis revisited. Cell 122: 647-649.
    • (2005) Cell , vol.122 , pp. 647-649
    • Adams, J.S.1
  • 22
    • 16244418604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overview of general physiologic features and functions of vitamin D
    • DeLuca HF. 2004. Overview of general physiologic features and functions of vitamin D. Am J Clin Nutr 80: 1689S-1696S.
    • (2004) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.80 , pp. 1689S-1696S
    • DeLuca, H.F.1
  • 23
    • 0034603725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of gene regulation by vitamin D(3) receptor: A network of coactivator interactions
    • Rachez C, Freedman LP. 2000. Mechanisms of gene regulation by vitamin D(3) receptor: A network of coactivator interactions. Gene 246: 9-21.
    • (2000) Gene , vol.246 , pp. 9-21
    • Rachez, C.1    Freedman, L.P.2
  • 24
    • 0038636398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin D: More than a "bone-a-fide" hormone
    • Sutton AL, MacDonald PN. 2003. Vitamin D: More than a "bone-a-fide" hormone. Mol Endocrinol 17: 777-791.
    • (2003) Mol Endocrinol , vol.17 , pp. 777-791
    • Sutton, A.L.1    McDonald, P.N.2
  • 29
    • 0034994421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • YY1 represses vitamin D receptor-mediated 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3)24-hydroxylase transcription: Relief of repression by CREB-binding protein
    • Raval-Pandya M, Dhawan P, Barletta F, Christakos S. 2001. YY1 represses vitamin D receptor-mediated 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3)24-hydroxylase transcription: Relief of repression by CREB-binding protein. Mol Endocrinol 15: 1035-1046.
    • (2001) Mol Endocrinol , vol.15 , pp. 1035-1046
    • Raval-Pandya, M.1    Dhawan, P.2    Barletta, F.3    Christakos, S.4
  • 30
    • 33744723102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New insights into the mechanisms involved in the pleiotropic actions of 1,25dihydroxyvitamin D3
    • Christakos S, Dhawan P, Shen Q, Peng X, Benn B, Zhong Y. 2006. New insights into the mechanisms involved in the pleiotropic actions of 1,25dihydroxyvitamin D3. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1068: 194-203.
    • (2006) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.1068 , pp. 194-203
    • Christakos, S.1    Dhawan, P.2    Shen, Q.3    Peng, X.4    Benn, B.5    Zhong, Y.6
  • 31
    • 77953927198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The vitamin D receptor: New paradigms for the regulation of gene expression by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3)
    • Pike JW, Meyer MB. 2010. The vitamin D receptor: New paradigms for the regulation of gene expression by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3). Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 39: 255-269.
    • (2010) Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am , vol.39 , pp. 255-269
    • Pike, J.W.1    Meyer, M.B.2
  • 33
    • 0030610422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeted ablation of the vitamin D receptor: An animal model of vitamin D-dependent rickets type II with alopecia
    • Li YC, Pirro AE, Amling M, Delling G, Baron R, Bronson R, Demay MB. 1997. Targeted ablation of the vitamin D receptor: An animal model of vitamin D-dependent rickets type II with alopecia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94: 9831-9835.
    • (1997) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.94 , pp. 9831-9835
    • Li, Y.C.1    Pirro, A.E.2    Amling, M.3    Delling, G.4    Baron, R.5    Bronson, R.6    Demay, M.B.7
  • 35
    • 0033303655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rescue of the skeletal phenotype of vitamin D receptor-ablated mice in the setting of normal mineral ion homeostasis: Formal histomorphometric and biomechanical analyses
    • Amling M, Priemel M, Holzmann T, Chapin K, Rueger JM, Baron R, Demay MB. 1999. Rescue of the skeletal phenotype of vitamin D receptor-ablated mice in the setting of normal mineral ion homeostasis: Formal histomorphometric and biomechanical analyses. Endocrinology 140: 4982-4987.
    • (1999) Endocrinology , vol.140 , pp. 4982-4987
    • Amling, M.1    Priemel, M.2    Holzmann, T.3    Chapin, K.4    Rueger, J.M.5    Baron, R.6    Demay, M.B.7
  • 36
    • 62949178699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intestinal vitamin D receptor is required for normal calcium and bone metabolism in mice
    • Xue Y, Fleet JC. 2009. Intestinal vitamin D receptor is required for normal calcium and bone metabolism in mice. Gastroenterology 136: 1317-1327, e1311-1312.
    • (2009) Gastroenterology , vol.136
    • Xue, Y.1    Fleet, J.C.2
  • 37
    • 1942469303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inactivation of the 25-hydroxyvitamin D 1alpha-hydroxylase and vitamin D receptor demonstrates independent and interdependent effects of calcium and vitamin D on skeletal and mineral homeostasis
    • Panda DK, Miao D, Bolivar I, Li J, Huo R, Hendy GN, Goltzman D. 2004. Inactivation of the 25-hydroxyvitamin D 1alpha-hydroxylase and vitamin D receptor demonstrates independent and interdependent effects of calcium and vitamin D on skeletal and mineral homeostasis. J Biol Chem 279: 16754-16766.
    • (2004) J Biol Chem , vol.279 , pp. 16754-16766
    • Panda, D.K.1    Miao, D.2    Bolivar, I.3    Li, J.4    Huo, R.5    Hendy, G.N.6    Goltzman, D.7
  • 38
    • 0015514459 scopus 로고
    • 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol: A potent stimulator of bone resorption in tissue culture
    • Raisz LG, Trummel CL, Holick MF, DeLuca HF. 1972. 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol: A potent stimulator of bone resorption in tissue culture. Science 175: 768-769.
    • (1972) Science , vol.175 , pp. 768-769
    • Raisz, L.G.1    Trummel, C.L.2    Holick, M.F.3    DeLuca, H.F.4
  • 40
    • 0023239366 scopus 로고
    • 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 regulates the biosynthesis of osteopontin, a bonederived cell attachment protein, in clonal osteoblastlike osteosarcoma cells
    • Prince CW, Butler WT. 1987. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 regulates the biosynthesis of osteopontin, a bonederived cell attachment protein, in clonal osteoblastlike osteosarcoma cells. Coll Relat Res 7: 305-313.
    • (1987) Coll Relat Res , vol.7 , pp. 305-313
    • Prince, C.W.1    Butler, W.T.2
  • 41
    • 0019252568 scopus 로고
    • 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 increases synthesis of the vitamin K-dependent bone protein by osteosarcoma cells
    • Price PA, Baukol SA. 1980. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 increases synthesis of the vitamin K-dependent bone protein by osteosarcoma cells. J Biol Chem 255: 11660-11663.
    • (1980) J Biol Chem , vol.255 , pp. 11660-11663
    • Price, P.A.1    Baukol, S.A.2
  • 44
    • 0002643029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of action of 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 on intestinal calcium absorption and renal calcium transportation
    • Holick MF (ed.), Totowa, NJ: Humana Press
    • Raval-Pandya M, Porta A, Christakos S. 1998. Mechanism of action of 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 on intestinal calcium absorption and renal calcium transportation. In: Holick MF (ed.) Vitamin D Physiology, Molecular Biology and Clinical Applications. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press. pp. 163-173.
    • (1998) Vitamin D Physiology, Molecular Biology and Clinical Applications , pp. 163-173
    • Raval-Pandya, M.1    Porta, A.2    Christakos, S.3
  • 45
    • 0029007663 scopus 로고
    • Vitamin D and intestinal calcium transport: Facts, speculations and hypotheses
    • Wasserman RH, Fullmer CS. 1995. Vitamin D and intestinal calcium transport: Facts, speculations and hypotheses. J Nutr 125: 1971S-1979S.
    • (1995) J Nutr , vol.125 , pp. 1971S-1979S
    • Wasserman, R.H.1    Fullmer, C.S.2
  • 46
    • 78650705554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular mechanisms for regulation of intestinal calcium absorption by vitamin D and other factors
    • Fleet JC, Schoch RD. 2010. Molecular mechanisms for regulation of intestinal calcium absorption by vitamin D and other factors. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 47: 181-195.
    • (2010) Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci , vol.47 , pp. 181-195
    • Fleet, J.C.1    Schoch, R.D.2
  • 47
    • 34247115192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calbindin D9k is not required for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-mediated Ca2 + absorption in small intestine
    • Akhter S, Kutuzova GD, Christakos S, DeLuca HF. 2007. Calbindin D9k is not required for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-mediated Ca2 + absorption in small intestine. Arch Biochem Biophys 460: 227-232.
    • (2007) Arch Biochem Biophys , vol.460 , pp. 227-232
    • Akhter, S.1    Kutuzova, G.D.2    Christakos, S.3    DeLuca, H.F.4
  • 49
    • 0038388285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epithelial calcium channels: From identification to function and regulation
    • Hoenderop JG, Nilius B, Bindels RJ. 2003. Epithelial calcium channels: From identification to function and regulation. Pflugers Arch 446: 304-308.
    • (2003) Pflugers Arch , vol.446 , pp. 304-308
    • Hoenderop, J.G.1    Nilius, B.2    Bindels, R.J.3
  • 50
    • 0033529713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular cloning and characterization of a channel-like transporter mediating intestinal calcium absorption
    • Peng JB, Chen XZ, Berger UV, Vassilev PM, Tsukaguchi H, Brown EM, Hediger MA. 1999. Molecular cloning and characterization of a channel-like transporter mediating intestinal calcium absorption. J Biol Chem 274: 22739-22746.
    • (1999) J Biol Chem , vol.274 , pp. 22739-22746
    • Peng, J.B.1    Chen, X.Z.2    Berger, U.V.3    Vassilev, P.M.4    Tsukaguchi, H.5    Brown, E.M.6    Hediger, M.A.7
  • 52
    • 34447579058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of intestinal phosphate absorption using a novel in vivo method
    • Williams KB, DeLuca HF. 2007. Characterization of intestinal phosphate absorption using a novel in vivo method. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 292: E1917-1921.
    • (2007) Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab , vol.292 , pp. E1917-E1921
    • Williams, K.B.1    DeLuca, H.F.2
  • 55
    • 3142704668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of the mouse epithelial Ca2(+) channel TRPV6 by the Ca(2 +)-sensor calmodulin
    • Lambers TT, Weidema AF, Nilius B, Hoenderop JG, Bindels RJ. 2004. Regulation of the mouse epithelial Ca2(+) channel TRPV6 by the Ca(2 +)-sensor calmodulin. J Biol Chem 279: 28855-28861.
    • (2004) J Biol Chem , vol.279 , pp. 28855-28861
    • Lambers, T.T.1    Weidema, A.F.2    Nilius, B.3    Hoenderop, J.G.4    Bindels, R.J.5
  • 56
    • 0035342653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overview of regulatory cytochrome P450 enzymes of the vitamin D pathway
    • Omdahl JL, Bobrovnikova EA, Choe S, Dwivedi PP, May BK. 2001. Overview of regulatory cytochrome P450 enzymes of the vitamin D pathway. Steroids 66: 381-389.
    • (2001) Steroids , vol.66 , pp. 381-389
    • Omdahl, J.L.1    Bobrovnikova, E.A.2    Choe, S.3    Dwivedi, P.P.4    May, B.K.5
  • 58
    • 0026693809 scopus 로고
    • Sequences in the human parathyroid hormone gene that bind the 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor and mediate transcriptional repression in response to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3
    • Demay MB, Kiernan MS, DeLuca HF, Kronenberg HM. 1992. Sequences in the human parathyroid hormone gene that bind the 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor and mediate transcriptional repression in response to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 89: 8097-8101.
    • (1992) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.89 , pp. 8097-8101
    • Demay, M.B.1    Kiernan, M.S.2    DeLuca, H.F.3    Kronenberg, H.M.4
  • 59
    • 5444242693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin D analogs: Actions and role in the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism
    • Martin KJ, Gonzalez EA. 2004. Vitamin D analogs: Actions and role in the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism. Semin Nephrol 24: 456-459.
    • (2004) Semin Nephrol , vol.24 , pp. 456-459
    • Martin, K.J.1    Gonzalez, E.A.2
  • 60
    • 0037119447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human calcium-sensing receptor gene. Vitamin D response elements in promoters P1 and P2 confer transcriptional responsiveness to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D
    • Canaff L, Hendy GN. 2002. Human calcium-sensing receptor gene. Vitamin D response elements in promoters P1 and P2 confer transcriptional responsiveness to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. J Biol Chem 277: 30337-30350.
    • (2002) J Biol Chem , vol.277 , pp. 30337-30350
    • Canaff, L.1    Hendy, G.N.2
  • 61
    • 0018764197 scopus 로고
    • Studies on the mode of action of calciferol. XVIII. Evidence for a specific high affinity binding protein for 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 in chick kidney and pancreas
    • Christakos S, Norman AW. 1979. Studies on the mode of action of calciferol. XVIII. Evidence for a specific high affinity binding protein for 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 in chick kidney and pancreas. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 89: 56-63.
    • (1979) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.89 , pp. 56-63
    • Christakos, S.1    Norman, A.W.2
  • 64
    • 0033607686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calbindin-D(28k) controls [Ca(2 +)](i) and insulin release. Evidence obtained from calbindin-d(28k) knockout mice and beta cell lines
    • Sooy K, Schermerhorn T, Noda M, Surana M, Rhoten WB, Meyer M, Fleischer N, Sharp GW, Christakos S. 1999. Calbindin-D(28k) controls [Ca(2 +)](i) and insulin release. Evidence obtained from calbindin-d(28k) knockout mice and beta cell lines. J Biol Chem 274: 34343-34349.
    • (1999) J Biol Chem , vol.274 , pp. 34343-34349
    • Sooy, K.1    Schermerhorn, T.2    Noda, M.3    Surana, M.4    Rhoten, W.B.5    Meyer, M.6    Fleischer, N.7    Sharp, G.W.8    Christakos, S.9
  • 65
    • 0034913841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Expression of calbindin-D(28k) in a pancreatic islet beta-cell line protects against cytokineinduced apoptosis and necrosis
    • Rabinovitch A, Suarez-Pinzon WL, Sooy K, Strynadka K, Christakos S. 2001. Expression of calbindin-D(28k) in a pancreatic islet beta-cell line protects against cytokineinduced apoptosis and necrosis. Endocrinology 142: 3649-3655.
    • (2001) Endocrinology , vol.142 , pp. 3649-3655
    • Rabinovitch, A.1    Suarez-Pinzon, W.L.2    Sooy, K.3    Strynadka, K.4    Christakos, S.5
  • 67
    • 0021071753 scopus 로고
    • Metabolism of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 by cultured pulmonary alveolar macrophages in sarcoidosis
    • Adams JS, Sharma OP, Gacad MA, Singer FR. 1983. Metabolism of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 by cultured pulmonary alveolar macrophages in sarcoidosis. J Clin Invest 72: 1856-1860.
    • (1983) J Clin Invest , vol.72 , pp. 1856-1860
    • Adams, J.S.1    Sharma, O.P.2    Gacad, M.A.3    Singer, F.R.4
  • 68
    • 0022560726 scopus 로고
    • Vitamin D3, gamma interferon, and control of proliferation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by human monocytes
    • Rook GA, Steele J, Fraher L, Barker S, Karmali R, O ' Riordan J, Stanford J. 1986. Vitamin D3, gamma interferon, and control of proliferation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by human monocytes. Immunology 57: 159-163.
    • (1986) Immunology , vol.57 , pp. 159-163
    • Rook, G.A.1    Steele, J.2    Fraher, L.3    Barker, S.4    Karmali, R.5    O'Riordan, J.6    Stanford, J.7
  • 70
    • 21744438757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) gene is a direct target of the vitamin D receptor and is strongly up-regulated in myeloid cells by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3
    • Gombart AF, Borregaard N, Koeffler HP. 2005. Human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) gene is a direct target of the vitamin D receptor and is strongly up-regulated in myeloid cells by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. FASEB J 19: 1067-1077.
    • (2005) FASEB J , vol.19 , pp. 1067-1077
    • Gombart, A.F.1    Borregaard, N.2    Koeffler, H.P.3
  • 72
    • 35349016235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recognition of microorganisms and activation of the immune response
    • Medzhitov R. 2007. Recognition of microorganisms and activation of the immune response. Nature 449: 819-826.
    • (2007) Nature , vol.449 , pp. 819-826
    • Medzhitov, R.1
  • 75
    • 79957571086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibacterial effects of vitamin D
    • Hewison M. 2011. Antibacterial effects of vitamin D. Nat Rev Endocrinol 7: 337-345.
    • (2011) Nat Rev Endocrinol , vol.7 , pp. 337-345
    • Hewison, M.1
  • 76
    • 0027291589 scopus 로고
    • 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 production and vitamin D3 receptor expression are developmentally regulated during differentiation of human monocytes into macrophages
    • Kreutz M, Andreesen R, Krause SW, Szabo A, Ritz E, Reichel H. 1993. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 production and vitamin D3 receptor expression are developmentally regulated during differentiation of human monocytes into macrophages. Blood 82: 1300-1307.
    • (1993) Blood , vol.82 , pp. 1300-1307
    • Kreutz, M.1    Andreesen, R.2    Krause, S.W.3    Szabo, A.4    Ritz, E.5    Reichel, H.6
  • 77
    • 77955679839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin D and host resistance to infection? Putting the cart in front of the horse
    • Bruce D, Ooi JH, Yu S, Cantorna MT. 2010. Vitamin D and host resistance to infection? Putting the cart in front of the horse. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 235: 921-927.
    • (2010) Exp Biol Med (Maywood) , vol.235 , pp. 921-927
    • Bruce, D.1    Ooi, J.H.2    Yu, S.3    Cantorna, M.T.4
  • 78
    • 0034161714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 1 Alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 inhibits differentiation, maturation, activation, and survival of dendritic cells leading to impaired alloreactive T cell activation
    • Penna G, Adorini L. 2000. 1 Alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 inhibits differentiation, maturation, activation, and survival of dendritic cells leading to impaired alloreactive T cell activation. J Immunol 164: 2405-2411.
    • (2000) J Immunol , vol.164 , pp. 2405-2411
    • Penna, G.1    Adorini, L.2
  • 79
    • 33845949937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 selectively modulates tolerogenic properties in myeloid but not plasmacytoid dendritic cells
    • Penna G, Amuchastegui S, Giarratana N, Daniel KC, Vulcano M, Sozzani S, Adorini L. 2007. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 selectively modulates tolerogenic properties in myeloid but not plasmacytoid dendritic cells. J Immunol 178: 145-153.
    • (2007) J Immunol , vol.178 , pp. 145-153
    • Penna, G.1    Amuchastegui, S.2    Giarratana, N.3    Daniel, K.C.4    Vulcano, M.5    Sozzani, S.6    Adorini, L.7
  • 80
    • 0022447235 scopus 로고
    • Neonatal human foreskin keratinocytes produce 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3
    • Bikle DD, Nemanic MK, Whitney JO, Elias PW. 1986. Neonatal human foreskin keratinocytes produce 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Biochemistry 25: 1545-1548.
    • (1986) Biochemistry , vol.25 , pp. 1545-1548
    • Bikle, D.D.1    Nemanic, M.K.2    Whitney, J.O.3    Elias, P.W.4
  • 81
    • 0028176052 scopus 로고
    • 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 potentiates the keratinocyte response to calcium
    • Su MJ, Bikle DD, Mancianti ML, Pillai S. 1994. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 potentiates the keratinocyte response to calcium. J Biol Chem 269: 14723-14729.
    • (1994) J Biol Chem , vol.269 , pp. 14723-14729
    • Su, M.J.1    Bikle, D.D.2    Mancianti, M.L.3    Pillai, S.4
  • 82
    • 33947211993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of human epidermal keratinocyte differentiation by the vitamin D receptor and its coactivators DRIP205, SRC2, and SRC3
    • Hawker NP, Pennypacker SD, Chang SM, Bikle DD. 2007. Regulation of human epidermal keratinocyte differentiation by the vitamin D receptor and its coactivators DRIP205, SRC2, and SRC3. J Invest Dermatol 127: 874.
    • (2007) J Invest Dermatol , vol.127 , pp. 874
    • Hawker, N.P.1    Pennypacker, S.D.2    Chang, S.M.3    Bikle, D.D.4
  • 83
    • 0032780531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The vitamin D receptor and the syndrome of hereditary 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-resistant rickets
    • Malloy PJ, Pike JW, Feldman D. 1999. The vitamin D receptor and the syndrome of hereditary 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-resistant rickets. Endocr Rev 20: 156-188.
    • (1999) Endocr Rev , vol.20 , pp. 156-188
    • Malloy, P.J.1    Pike, J.W.2    Feldman, D.3
  • 85
    • 33645671653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development and progression of alopecia in the vitamin D receptor null mouse
    • Bikle DD, Elalieh H, Chang S, Xie Z, Sundberg JP. 2006. Development and progression of alopecia in the vitamin D receptor null mouse. J Cell Physiol 207: 340-353.
    • (2006) J Cell Physiol , vol.207 , pp. 340-353
    • Bikle, D.D.1    Elalieh, H.2    Chang, S.3    Xie, Z.4    Sundberg, J.P.5
  • 86
    • 34547215387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin D receptor is essential for normal keratinocyte stem cell function
    • Cianferotti L, Cox M, Skorija K, Demay MB. 2007. Vitamin D receptor is essential for normal keratinocyte stem cell function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104: 9428-9433.
    • (2007) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.104 , pp. 9428-9433
    • Cianferotti, L.1    Cox, M.2    Skorija, K.3    Demay, M.B.4
  • 90
    • 0037184819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultraviolet radiation and autoimmune disease: Insights from epidemiological research
    • Ponsonby AL, McMichael A, van der Mei I. 2002. Ultraviolet radiation and autoimmune disease: Insights from epidemiological research. Toxicology 181-182: 71-78.
    • (2002) Toxicology , vol.181-182 , pp. 71-78
    • Ponsonby, A.L.1    McMichael, A.2    van der Mei, I.3
  • 91
    • 33845204374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Solar ultraviolet-B exposure and cancer incidence and mortality in the United States, 1993-2002
    • Boscoe FP, Schymura MJ. 2006. Solar ultraviolet-B exposure and cancer incidence and mortality in the United States, 1993-2002. BMC Cancer 6: 264.
    • (2006) BMC Cancer , vol.6 , pp. 264
    • Boscoe, F.P.1    Schymura, M.J.2
  • 92
  • 93
    • 0032956135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vitamin D supplementation, 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations, and safety
    • Vieth R. 1999. Vitamin D supplementation, 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations, and safety. Am J Clin Nutr 69: 842-856.
    • (1999) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.69 , pp. 842-856
    • Vieth, R.1
  • 94
    • 0037215304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol response to extended oral dosing with cholecalciferol
    • Heaney RP, Davies KM, Chen TC, Holick MF, Barger-Lux MJ. 2003. Human serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol response to extended oral dosing with cholecalciferol. Am J Clin Nutr 77: 204-210.
    • (2003) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.77 , pp. 204-210
    • Heaney, R.P.1    Davies, K.M.2    Chen, T.C.3    Holick, M.F.4    Barger-Lux, M.J.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.