Gait, Falls, and Dementia

Journal of the American Medical Directors Association

Volumn 17, Issue 6, 2016, Pages 467-470

  Morley, John E ^a  

^a SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DOPAMINE;

CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; COGNITIVE AGING; COGNITIVE DEFECT; DEMENTIA; DEPRESSION; EDITORIAL; FALLING; GAIT; GAIT DISORDER; HUMAN; MULTIINFARCT DEMENTIA; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; POLYPHARMACY; PREVENTION AND CONTROL; TASK PERFORMANCE; TREATMENT PLANNING; RISK FACTOR;

ACCIDENTAL FALLS; DEMENTIA; GAIT; HUMANS; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 84969848990     PISSN: 15258610     EISSN: 15389375     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2016.03.024     Document Type: Editorial

References (110)

1. Hausdorff J.M., Balash J., Giladi N. Effects of cognitive challenge on gait variability in patients with Parkinson's disease. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 2003, 16:53-58.
2. Yogev G., Giladi N., Peretz C., et al. Dual tasking, gait rhythmicity, and Parkinson's disease: Which aspects of gait are attention demanding?. Eur J Neurosci 2005, 22:1248-1256.
3. Bridenbaugh S.A., Kressig R.W. Motor cognitive dual tasking: Early detection of gait impairment, fall risk and cognitive decline. Z Gerontol Geriatr 2015, 48:15-21.
4. Chong M.S., Tay L., Ismail N.H., et al. The case for stage-specific frailty interventions spanning community aging to cognitive impairment. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2015, 16:1003.e13-1003.e19.
5. Halil M., Cemal Kizilarslanoglu M., Emin Kuyumcu M., et al. Cognitive aspects of frailty: Mechanisms behind the link between frailty and cognitive impairment. J Nutr Health Aging 2015, 19:276-283.
6. Canevelli M., Cesari M. Cognitive frailty: What is still missing?. J Nutr Health Aging 2015, 19:273-275.
7. Dartiques J.F., Amieva H. Cognitive frailty: Rational and definition from an (I.a.N.a./i.a.g.g.) international consensus group. J Nutr Health Aging 2014, 18:95.
8. Kelaiditi E., Cesari M., Canevelli M., et al. Cognitive frailty: Rational and definition from an (I.A.N.A./I.A.G.G.) international consensus group. J Nutr Health Aging 2013, 17:726-734.
9. Cano C., Samper-Ternent R., Al Snih S., et al. Frailty and cognitive impairment as predictors of mortality in older Mexican Americans. J Nutr Health Aging 2012, 16:142-147.
10. Morley J.E. Cognitive frailty: A new geriatric syndrome?. Eur Geriatr Med 2015, 6:408-411.
11. Wu Y.H., Liu L.K., Chen W.T., et al. Cognitive function in individuals with physical frailty but without dementia or cognitive complaints: Results from the I-Lan longitudinal aging study. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2015, 16:899.e9-899.e16.
12. Shimada H., Makizako H., Doi T., et al. Combined prevalence of frailty and mild cognitive impairment in a population of elderly Japanese people. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2013, 14:518-524.
13. Yassuda M.S., Lopes A., Cachioni M., et al. Frailty criteria and cognitive performance are related: Data from the FIBRA study in Eermelino Matarazzo, São Paulo, Brazil. J Nutr Health Aging 2012, 16:55-61.
14. Mitnitski A., Fallah N., Rockwood M.R., Rockwood K. Transitions in cognitive status in relation to frailty in older adults: A comparison of three frailty measures. J Nutr Health Aging 2011, 15:863-867.
15. Auyeung T.W., Lee J.S., Kwok T., Woo J. Physical frailty predicts future cognitive decline-a four-year prospective study in 2737 cognitively normal older adults. J Nutr Health Aging 2011, 15:690-694.
16. Robertson D.A., Savva G.M., Kenny R.A. Frailty and cognitive impairment-a review of the evidence and causal mechanisms. Ageing Res Rev 2013, 12:840-851.
17. Wilkins C.H., Roe C.M., Morris J.C., Galvin J.E. Mild physical impairment predicts future diagnosis of dementia of the Alzheimer's type. J Am Geriatr Soc 2013, 61:1055-1059.
18. Avila-Funes J.A., Amieva H., Barberger-Gateau P., et al. Cognitive impairment improves the predictive validity of the phenotype of frailty for adverse health outcomes: The three-city study. J Am Geriatr Soc 2009, 57:453-461.
19. Samper-Ternent R., Al Snih S., Raji M.A., et al. Relationship between frailty and cognitive decline in older Mexican Americans. J Am Geriatr Soc 2008, 56:1845-1852.
20. Malmstrom T.K., Morley J.E. Frailty and cognition: Linking two common syndromes in older persons. J Nutr Health Aging 2013, 17:723-725.
21. Verghese J., Wang C., Lipton R.B., Holtzer R. Motoric cognitive risk syndrome and the risk of dementia. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2013, 68:412-418.
22. Doi T., Verghese J., Shimada H., et al. Motoric cognitive risk syndrome: Prevalence and risk factors in Japanese seniors. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2015, 16:1103.e21-1103.e25.
23. Allali G., Ayers E.I., Verghese J. Motoric cognitive risk syndrome subtypes and cognitive profiles. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2016, 71:378-384.
24. Fried L.P., Tangen C.M., Walston J., et al. Frailty in older adults: Evidence for a phenotype. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2001, 56:M146-M156.
25. Morley J.E., Malmstrom T.K., Miller D.K. A simple frailty questionnaire (FRAIL) predicts outcomes in middle aged African Americans. J Nutr Health Aging 2012, 16:601-608.
26. Abellan van Kan G., Rolland Y.M., Morley J.E., Vellas B. Frailty: Toward a clinical definition. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2008, 9:71-72.
27. Choi J., Ahn A., Kim S., Won C.W. Global prevalence of physical frailty by Fried's criteria in community-dwelling elderly with national population-based surveys. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2015, 16:548-550.
28. Hoogendijk E.O., van Kan G.A., Guyonnet S., et al. Components of the Frailty phenotype in relation to the Frailty Index: Results from the Toulouse frailty platform. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2015, 16:855-859.
29. Gardiner P.A., Mishra G.D., Dobson A.J. Validity and responsiveness of the FRAIL scale in a longitudinal cohort study of older Australian women. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2015, 16:781-783.
30. Kojima G. Prevalence of frailty in nursing homes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2015, 16:940-945.
31. Yamada M., Arai H. Predictive value of frailty scores for healthy life expectancy in community-dwelling older Japanese adults. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2015, 16:1002.e7-1002.e11.
32. Morley J.E., Vellas B., van Kan G.A., et al. Frailty consensus: A call to action. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2013, 14:392-397.
33. Woo J., Yu R., Wong M., et al. Frailty screening in the community using the FRAIL scale. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2015, 16:412-419.
34. Morley J.E. Frailty screening comes of age. J Nutr Health Aging 2014, 18:453-454.
35. Morley J.E., von Haehling S., Anker S.D., Vellas B. From sarcopenia to frailty: A road less traveled. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2014, 5:5-8.
36. Morley J.E., Morris J.C., Berg-Weger M., et al. Brain health: The importance of recognizing cognitive impairment: An IAGG consensus conference. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2015, 16:731-739.
37. Morley J.E. Developing novel therapeutic approaches to frailty. Curr Pharm Des 2009, 15:3384-3395.
38. Beauchet O., Annweiler C., Callisaya M.L., et al. Poor gait performance and prediction of dementia: Results from a meta-analysis. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2016, 17:482-490.
39. Morley J.E. White matter lesions (leukoaraiosis): A major cause of falls. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2015, 16:441-443.
40. Brodaty H., Connors M.H., Xu J., et al. The course of neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia: A 3-year longitudinal study. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2015, 16:380-387. PRIME study group.
41. Morley J.E. Dementia with Lewy bodies: A common condition in nursing homes?. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2013, 14:713-714.
42. Morley J.E., Farr S.A. The role of amyloid-beta in the regulation of memory. Biochem Pharmacol 2014, 88:479-485.
43. Morley J.E. Mild cognitive impairment-a treatable condition. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2014, 15:1-5.
44. Avila-Funes J.A., Carcaillon L., Helmer C., et al. Is frailty a prodromal stage of vascular dementia? Results from the three-city study. J Am Geriatr Soc 2012, 60:1708-1712.
45. Morley J.E. Frailty, falls, and fractures. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2013, 14:149-151.
46. Morley J.E., Rolland Y., Tolson D., Vellas B. Increasing awareness of the factors producing falls: The mini falls assessment. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2012, 13:87-90.
47. Morley J.E. Falls and fractures. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2007, 8:276-278.
48. Morley J.E. A fall is a major event in the life of an older person. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2002, 57:M492-M495.
49. Choi M., Hector M. Effectiveness of intervention programs in preventing falls: A systematic review of recent 10 years and meta-analysis. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2012, 13:188.e13-188.e21.
50. Büchele G., Becker C., Cameron I.D., et al. Predictors of serious consequences of falls in residents aged care: Analysis of more than 70,000 falls from residents of Bavarian nursing homes. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2014, 15:559-563.
51. Ogama N., Sakurai T., Shimizu A., Toba K. Regional white matter lesions predict falls in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2014, 15:36-41.
52. Kabeshova A., Launay C.P., Gromov V.A., et al. Artificial neural network and falls in community-dwellers: A new approach to identify the risk of recurrent falling?. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2015, 16:277-281.
53. Rudolph J.L., Archambault E., Kelly B. VA Boston Delirium Task Force. A delirium risk modification program is associated with hospital outcomes. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2014, 15:957.e7-957.e11.
54. Morandi A., Davis D., Fick D.M., et al. Delirium superimposed on dementia strongly predicts worse outcomes in older rehabilitation inpatients. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2014, 15:349-354.
55. Rockwood K. Making delirium prevention acceptable in nursing homes. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2014, 15:6-7.
56. Flaherty J.H., Morley J.E. Delirium in the nursing home. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2013, 14:632-634.
57. Boockvar K., Signor D., Ramaswamy R., Hung W. Delirium during acute illness in nursing home residents. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2013, 14:656-660.
58. Morley J.E. Syncope. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2013, 14:311-312.
59. Morley J.E. Editorial: Postprandial hypotension-the ultimate Big Mac attack. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2001, 56:M741-M743.
60. Trahair L.G., Horowitz M., Jones K.L. Postprandial hypotension: A systematic review. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2014, 15:394-409.
61. Iwanczyk L., Weintraub N.T., Rubenstein L.Z. Orthostatic hypotension in the nursing home setting. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2006, 7:163-167.
62. Gopinathannair R., Mazur A., Olshansky B. Syncope in congestive heart failure. Cardiol J 2008, 15:303-312.
63. Ampadu J., Morley J.E. Heart failure and cognitive dysfunction. Int J Cardiol 2015, 178:12-23.
64. Hiu D.S., Morley J.E., Mikolajczak P.C., Lee R. Atrial fibrillation: A major risk factor for cognitive decline. Am Heart J 2015, 169:448-456.
65. von Haehling S., Anker S.D., Doehner W., et al. Frailty and heart disease. Int J Cardiol 2013, 168:1745-1747.
66. Johansson J., Nordström A., Nordström P. Greater fall risk in elderly women than in men is associated with increased gait variability during multitasking. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2016, 17:535-540.
67. Thakur M., Blazer D.G. Depression in long-term care. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2008, 9:82-87.
68. Morley J.E. Depression in nursing home residents. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2010, 11:301-303.
69. Arts M.H., Collard R.M., Comijs H.C., et al. Physical frailty and cognitive functioning in depressed older adults: Findings from the NESDO study. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2016, 17:36-43.
70. Sanders J.B., Bremmer M.A., Comijs H.C., et al. Gait speed and the natural course of depressive symptoms in late life: An independent association with chronicity?. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2016, 17:331-335.
71. Demakakos P., Cooper R., Hamer M., et al. The bidirectional association between depressive symptoms and gait speed: Evidence from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). PLoS One 2013, 8:e68632.
72. Collard R.M., Comijs H.C., Naarding P., et al. Frailty as a predictor of the incidence and course of depressed mood. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2015, 16:509-514.
73. Feng L., Nyunt M.S., Feng L., et al. Frailty predicts new and persistent depressive symptoms among community-dwelling older adults: Findings from Singapore longitudinal aging study. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2014, 15:76.e7-76.e12.
74. Morley J.E. Psychoimmunology and aging: A tribute to George Freeman Solomon. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2015, 16:901-904.
75. Morley J.E., Malmstrom T.K., Rodriquez-Manas L., Sinclair A.J. Frailty, sarcopenia and diabetes. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2014, 15:853-859.
76. Formiga F., Ferrer A., Padros G., et al. Diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for functional and cognitive decline in very old people: The Octabaix study. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2014, 15:924-928.
77. Garcia-Esquinas E., Graciani A., Guallar-Castillon P., et al. Diabetes and risk of frailty and its potential mechanisms: A prospective cohort study of older adults. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2015, 16:748-754.
78. Morley J.E. Why have the complications of diabetes mellitus declined over the past 30 years?. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2014, 15:449-453.
79. Sinclair A., Morley J.E. How to manage diabetes mellitus in older persons in the 21st century: Applying these principles to long term diabetes care. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2013, 14:777-780.
80. Cherubini A., Corsonello A., Lattanzio F. Polypharmacy in nursing home residents: What is the way forward?. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2016, 17:4-6.
81. Jokanovic N., Tan E.C., Dooley M.J., et al. Prevalence and factors associated with polypharmacy in long-term care facilities: A systematic review. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2015, 16:535.e1-535.e12.
82. Morley J.E. Inappropriate drug prescribing and polypharmacy are major causes of poor outcomes in long-term care. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2014, 15:780-782.
83. Morley J.E. Polypharmacy in the nursing home. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2009, 10:289-291.
84. Gokce Kutsal Y., Barak A., Atalay A., et al. Polypharmacy in the elderly: A multicenter study. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2009, 10:486-490.
85. Moulis F., Moulis G., Balardy L., et al. Searching for a polypharmacy threshold associated with frailty. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2015, 16:259-261.
86. Moulis F., Moulis G., Balardy L., et al. Exposure to atropinic drugs and frailty status. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2015, 16:253-257.
87. de Groot M.H., van Campen J.P., Kosse N.M., et al. The association of medicine-use and frailty-related factors with gait performance in older patients. PLoS One 2016, 11:e0149888.
88. Gupta M., Singh R., Singh K., Lehl S.S. Reversible dementia and gait disturbance as a result of polypharmacy. 2013;BMJ Case Rep 2013, 2013. bcr-2013.000002.
89. Ng T.P., Feng L., Nyunt M.S., et al. Nutritional, physical, cognitive, and combination interventions and frailty reversal among older adults: A randomized controlled trial. Am J Med 2015, 128:1225-1236.e1.
90. Tarazona-Santabalbina F.J., Gomez-Cabrera M.C., Perez-Ros P., et al. A multicomponent exercise intervention that reverses frailty and improves cognition, emotion, and social networking in the community-dwelling frail elderly: A randomized clinical trial. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2016, 17:426-433.
91. Lam L.C., Chau R.C., Wong B.M., et al. A 1-year randomized controlled trial comparing mind body exercise (Tai Chi) with stretching and toning exercise on cognitive function in older Chinese adults at risk of cognitive decline. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2012, 13:568.e15-568.e20.
92. Fiatarone Singh M.A., Gates N., Saigal N., et al. The study of mental and resistance training (SMART) study-resistance training and/or cognitive training in mild cognitive impairment: A randomized, double-blind, double-sham controlled trial. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2014, 15:873-880.
93. Morley J.E. Exercise: The ultimate medicine. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2015, 16:351-353.
94. D'Amico F., Rehill A., Knapp M., et al. Maintenance cognitive stimulation therapy: An economic evaluation within a randomized controlled trial. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2015, 16:63-70.
95. Loraine J., Taylor S., McAllister M. Cognitive and physical stimulation therapy. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2014, 15:140-141.
96. Berg-Weger M., Tebb S., Henderson-Kalb J., et al. Cognitive stimulation therapy: A tool for your practice with persons with dementia?. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2015, 16:795-796.
97. Yates L.A., Leung P., Orgeta V., et al. The development of individual cognitive stimulation therapy (iCST) for dementia. Clin Interv Aging 2014, 10:95-104.
98. Leon-Munoz L.M., Guallar-Castillon P., Lopez-Garcia E., Rodriguez-Artalejo F. Mediterranean diet and risk of frailty in community-dwelling older adults. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2014, 15:899-903.
99. Nganda T., Lehtisalo J., Solomon A., et al. A 2 year multidomain intervention of diet, exercise, cognitive training, and vascular risk monitoring versus control to prevent cognitive decline in at-risk elderly people (FINGER): A randomized controlled trial. Lancet 2015, 385:2255-2263.
100. Martinez-Lapiscina E.H., Clavero P., Toledo E., et al. Virgin olive oil supplementation and long-term cognition: The PREDIMED-NAVARRA randomized trial. J Nutr Health Aging 2013, 17:544-552.
101. Cherubini A., Demougeot L., Cruz Jentoft A., et al. Relationship between the Gerontopole Frailty Screening tool and the frailty phenotype in primary care. Eur Geriatr Med 2015, 6:518-522.
102. Morley J.E., Adams E.V. Rapid geriatric assessment. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2015, 16:808-812.
103. Malmstrom T.K., Miller D.K., Morley J.E. A comparison of four frailty models. J Am Geriatr Soc 2014, 62:721-726.
104. Li Y., Zou Y., Wang S., et al. A pilot study of the FRAIL scale on predicting outcomes in Chinese elderly people with type 2 diabetes. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2015, 16:714.e7-714.e12.
105. Morley J.E., Cao L. Rapid screening for sarcopenia. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2015, 6:312-314.
106. Woo J., Leung J., Morley J.E. Validating the SARC-F: A suitable community screening tool for sarcopenia?. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2014, 15:630-634.
107. Malmstrom T.K., Morley J.E. SARC-F: A simple questionnaire to rapidly diagnose sarcopenia. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2013, 14:531-532.
108. Wilson M.M., Thomas D.R., Rubenstein L.Z., et al. Appetite assessment: Simple appetite questionnaire predicts weight loss in community-dwelling adults and nursing home residents. Am J Clin Nutr 2005, 82:1074-1081.
109. Nakatsu N., Sawa R., Misu S., et al. Reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the simplified nutritional appetite questionnaire in community-dwelling older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2015, 15:1264-1269.
110. Malmstrom T.K., Voss V.B., Cruz-Oliver D.M., et al. The Rapid Cognitive Screen (RCS): A point-of-care screening for dementia and mild cognitive impairment. J Nutr Health Aging 2015, 19:741-744.