메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 93, Issue 9, 2015, Pages 4408-4423

Effects of plant species, stage of maturity, and level of formic acid addition on lipolysis, lipid content, and fatty acid composition during ensiling

Author keywords

Formic acid; Grass; Lipolysis; Polyphenol oxidase; Red clover; Stage of maturity

Indexed keywords

FATTY ACID; FORMIC ACID; FORMIC ACID DERIVATIVE; LIPID;

EID: 84959532762     PISSN: 00218812     EISSN: 15253163     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2527/jas.2014-8813     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (11)

References (57)
  • 1
    • 80052631057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of ensiling and silage additives on fatty acid composition of ryegrass and corn experimental silages
    • Alves, S. P., A. R. J. Cabrita, E. Jerónimo, R. J. B. Bessa, and A. J. M. Fonseca. 2011. Effect of ensiling and silage additives on fatty acid composition of ryegrass and corn experimental silages. J. Anim. Sci. 89:2537–2545. doi:10.2527/jas.2010-3128.
    • (2011) J. Anim. Sci , vol.89 , pp. 2537-2545
    • Alves, S.P.1    Cabrita, A.R.J.2    Jerónimo, E.3    Bessa, R.J.B.4    Fonseca, A.J.M.5
  • 2
    • 84975812536 scopus 로고
    • Official methods of analysis
    • Arlington, VA
    • AOAC. 1995. Official methods of analysis. 16th ed. AOAC Int., Arlington, VA.
    • (1995) 16Th Ed. AOAC Int
  • 3
    • 0000434447 scopus 로고
    • The colorimetric determination of lactic acid in biological materials
    • Barker, S. B., and W. H. Summerson. 1941. The colorimetric determination of lactic acid in biological materials. J. Biol. Chem. 138: 535–554.
    • (1941) J. Biol. Chem , vol.138 , pp. 535-554
    • Barker, S.B.1    Summerson, W.H.2
  • 4
    • 84859507144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipid metabolism in the rumen: New insights on lipolysis and biohydrogenation with an emphasis on the role of endogenous plant factors. Anim. Feed Sci
    • Buccioni, A., M. Decandia, S. Minieri, G. Molle, and A. Cadibbu. 2012. Lipid metabolism in the rumen: New insights on lipolysis and biohydrogenation with an emphasis on the role of endogenous plant factors. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 174:1–25. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2012.02.009.
    • (2012) Technol , vol.174 , pp. 1-25
    • Buccioni, A.1    Decandia, M.2    Minieri, S.3    Molle, G.4    Cadibbu, A.5
  • 6
    • 0035620535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Towards improved silage quality–A review
    • Charmley, E. 2001. Towards improved silage quality–A review. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 81:157–168. doi:10.4141/A00-066.
    • (2001) Can. J. Anim. Sci , vol.81 , pp. 157-168
    • Charmley, E.1
  • 7
    • 0345561648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of extended wilting, shading and chemical additives on the fatty acids in laboratory grass silages
    • Dewhurst, R. J., and P. J. King. 1998. Effects of extended wilting, shading and chemical additives on the fatty acids in laboratory grass silages. Grass Forage Sci. 53:219–224. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2494.1998.00130.x.
    • (1998) Grass Forage Sci , vol.53 , pp. 219-224
    • Dewhurst, R.J.1    King, P.J.2
  • 8
    • 0034924768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of species, cutting date and cutting interval on the fatty acid composition of grasses
    • Dewhurst, R. J., N. D. Scollan, S. J. Youell, J. K. S. Tweed, and M. O. Humphreys. 2001. Influence of species, cutting date and cutting interval on the fatty acid composition of grasses. Grass Forage Sci. 56:68–74. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2494.2001.00247.x.
    • (2001) Grass Forage Sci , vol.56 , pp. 68-74
    • Dewhurst, R.J.1    Scollan, N.D.2    Youell, S.J.3    Tweed, J.K.S.4    Humphreys, M.O.5
  • 9
    • 33750612729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increasing the concentrations of beneficial polyunsaturated fatty acids in milk produced by dairy cows in high-forage systems. Anim. Feed Sci
    • Dewhurst, R. J., K. J. Shingfield, M. R. F. Lee, and N. D. Scollan. 2006. Increasing the concentrations of beneficial polyunsaturated fatty acids in milk produced by dairy cows in high-forage systems. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 131:168–206. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2006.04.016.
    • (2006) Technol , vol.131 , pp. 168-206
    • Dewhurst, R.J.1    Shingfield, K.J.2    Lee, M.R.F.3    Scollan, N.D.4
  • 10
    • 0038508632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of cultivar and cutting date on the fatty acid composition of perennial ryegrass
    • Elgersma, A., G. Ellen, H. van der Horst, B. G. Muuse, H. Boer, and S. Tamminga. 2003. Influence of cultivar and cutting date on the fatty acid composition of perennial ryegrass. Grass Forage Sci. 58:323–331. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2494.2003.00384.x.
    • (2003) Grass Forage Sci , vol.58 , pp. 323-331
    • Elgersma, A.1    Ellen, G.2    Van Der Horst, H.3    Muuse, B.G.4    Boer, H.5    Tamminga, S.6
  • 11
    • 29844447975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of nitrogen fertilisation and regrowth period on fatty acid concentrations in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.)
    • Elgersma, A., P. Maudet, I. M. Witkowska, and A. C. Wever. 2005. Effects of nitrogen fertilisation and regrowth period on fatty acid concentrations in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). Ann. Appl. Biol. 147:145–152. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7348.2005.00020.x.
    • (2005) Ann. Appl. Biol , vol.147 , pp. 145-152
    • Elgersma, A.1    Maudet, P.2    Witkowska, I.M.3    Wever, A.C.4
  • 13
    • 84882837921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of replacing grass silage with red clover silage on ruminal lipid metabolism in lactating cows fed diets containing a 60:40 forage to concentrate ratio
    • Halmemies-Beauchet-Filleau, A., A. Vanhatalo, V. Toivonen, T. Heikkilä, M. R. F. Lee, and K. J. Shingfield. 2013b. Effect of replacing grass silage with red clover silage on ruminal lipid metabolism in lactating cows fed diets containing a 60:40 forage to concentrate ratio. J. Dairy Sci. 96:5882–5900. doi:10.3168/jds.2013-6872.
    • (2013) J. Dairy Sci , vol.96 , pp. 5882-5900
    • Halmemies-Beauchet-Filleau, A.1    Vanhatalo, A.2    Toivonen, V.3    Heikkilä, T.4    Lee, M.R.F.5    Shingfield, K.J.6
  • 14
    • 84901068378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of replacing grass silage with red clover silage on nutrient digestion, nitrogen metabolism, and milk fat composition in lactating cows fed diets containing a 60:40 forage to concentrate ratio
    • Halmemies-Beauchet-Filleau, A., A. Vanhatalo, V. Toivonen, T. Heikkilä, M. R. F. Lee, and K. J. Shingfield. 2014. Effect of replacing grass silage with red clover silage on nutrient digestion, nitrogen metabolism, and milk fat composition in lactating cows fed diets containing a 60:40 forage to concentrate ratio. J. Dairy Sci. 97:3761–3776. doi:10.3168/jds.2013-7358.
    • (2014) J. Dairy Sci , vol.97 , pp. 3761-3776
    • Halmemies-Beauchet-Filleau, A.1    Vanhatalo, A.2    Toivonen, V.3    Heikkilä, T.4    Lee, M.R.F.5    Shingfield, K.J.6
  • 15
    • 0002316158 scopus 로고
    • Lipid metabolism in the rumen
    • W. W. Christie, editor, Pergamon Press, Oxford, UK
    • Harfoot, C.G. 1981. Lipid metabolism in the rumen. In: W. W. Christie, editor, Lipid metabolism in ruminant animals. Pergamon Press, Oxford, UK. p. 21-55.
    • (1981) Lipid Metabolism in Ruminant Animals , pp. 21-55
    • Harfoot, C.G.1
  • 16
    • 33845359614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent developments in forage evaluation with special reference to practical applications
    • Huhtanen, P., J. Nousiainen, and M. Rinne. 2006. Recent developments in forage evaluation with special reference to practical applications. Agric. Food Sci. 15:293–323. doi:10.2137/145960606779216317.
    • (2006) Agric. Food Sci , vol.15 , pp. 293-323
    • Huhtanen, P.1    Nousiainen, J.2    Rinne, M.3
  • 17
    • 0000223568 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of dry matter contents in grass silages as determined by oven drying and gas chromatographic water analysis
    • Huida, L., H. Väätäinen, and M. Lampila. 1986. Comparison of dry matter contents in grass silages as determined by oven drying and gas chromatographic water analysis. Ann. Agric. Fenn. 25:215–230.
    • (1986) Ann. Agric. Fenn , vol.25 , pp. 215-230
    • Huida, L.1    Väätäinen, H.2    Lampila, M.3
  • 18
    • 0010355231 scopus 로고
    • Oxidation of free methionine and methionine residues in protein involved in the browning reaction of phenolic compounds
    • Igarashi, K., and T. Yasui. 1985. Oxidation of free methionine and methionine residues in protein involved in the browning reaction of phenolic compounds. Agric. Biol. Chem. 49:2309–2315. doi:10.1271/bbb1961.49.2309.
    • (1985) Agric. Biol. Chem , vol.49 , pp. 2309-2315
    • Igarashi, K.1    Yasui, T.2
  • 19
    • 33746871411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Volatile fatty acid proportions and microbial protein synthesis in the rumen of cattle receiving grass silage ensiled with different rates of formic acid
    • Jaakkola, S., V. Kaunisto, and P. Huhtanen. 2006. Volatile fatty acid proportions and microbial protein synthesis in the rumen of cattle receiving grass silage ensiled with different rates of formic acid. Grass Forage Sci. 61:282–292. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2494.2006.00532.x.
    • (2006) Grass Forage Sci , vol.61 , pp. 282-292
    • Jaakkola, S.1    Kaunisto, V.2    Huhtanen, P.3
  • 20
    • 0029159533 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of proteolysis in alfalfa and red clover
    • Jones, B. A., R. D. Hatfield, and R. E. Muck. 1995. Characterization of proteolysis in alfalfa and red clover. Crop Sci. 35:537–541. doi:10.2135/cropsci1995.0011183X003500020043x.
    • (1995) Crop Sci , vol.35 , pp. 537-541
    • Jones, B.A.1    Hatfield, R.D.2    Muck, R.E.3
  • 21
    • 0037008192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A role for diacylglycerol acyltransferase during leaf senescence
    • Kaup, M. T., C. D. Froese, and J. E. Thompson. 2002. A role for diacylglycerol acyltransferase during leaf senescence. Plant Physiol. 129:1616–1626. doi:10.1104/pp.003087.
    • (2002) Plant Physiol , vol.129 , pp. 1616-1626
    • Kaup, M.T.1    Froese, C.D.2    Thompson, J.E.3
  • 22
    • 85102914680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Silage additives
    • D. R. Buxton, R. E. Muck, and J. H. Harrison, editors, ASA, CSSA, and SSSA, Madison WI
    • Kung, L., Jr., M. R. Stokes, and C. J. Lin. 2003. Silage additives. In: D. R. Buxton, R. E. Muck, and J. H. Harrison, editors, Silage science and technology. Agron. Monograph No. 42. ASA, CSSA, and SSSA, Madison WI. p. 305–360.
    • (2003) Silage Science and Technology. Agron. Monograph , vol.42 , pp. 305-360
    • Kung, L.1    Stokes, M.R.2    Lin, C.J.3
  • 23
    • 33750595458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of high-sugar ryegrass silage and mixtures with red clover silage on ruminant digestion. 2
    • Lee, M. R. F., P. L. Connelly, J. K. S. Tweed, R. J. Dewhurst, R. J. Merry, and N. D. Scollan. 2006. Effects of high-sugar ryegrass silage and mixtures with red clover silage on ruminant digestion. 2. Lipids. J. Anim. Sci. 84:3061–3070. doi:10.2527/jas.2005-736.
    • (2006) Lipids. J. Anim. Sci , vol.84 , pp. 3061-3070
    • Lee, M.R.F.1    Connelly, P.L.2    Tweed, J.K.S.3    Dewhurst, R.J.4    Merry, R.J.5    Scollan, N.D.6
  • 24
    • 34248224629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipolysis in red clover with different polyphenol oxidase activities in the presence and absence of rumen fluid
    • Lee, M. R. F., L. J. Parfitt, N. D. Scollan, and F. R. Minchin. 2007. Lipolysis in red clover with different polyphenol oxidase activities in the presence and absence of rumen fluid. J. Sci. Food Agric. 87:1308–1314. doi:10.1002/jsfa.2849.
    • (2007) J. Sci. Food Agric , vol.87 , pp. 1308-1314
    • Lee, M.R.F.1    Parfitt, L.J.2    Scollan, N.D.3    Minchin, F.R.4
  • 25
    • 44649175811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of polyphenol oxidase on lipolysis and proteolysis of red clover silage with and without a silage inoculant (Lactobacillus plantarum L54)
    • Lee, M. R. F., M. B. Scott, J. K. S. Tweed, F. R. Minchin, and D. R. Davies. 2008. Effects of polyphenol oxidase on lipolysis and proteolysis of red clover silage with and without a silage inoculant (Lactobacillus plantarum L54). Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 144:125–136. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2007.09.035.
    • (2008) Anim. Feed Sci. Technol , vol.144 , pp. 125-136
    • Lee, M.R.F.1    Scott, M.B.2    Tweed, J.K.S.3    Minchin, F.R.4    Davies, D.R.5
  • 26
    • 61449083670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of feeding fresh or conditioned red clover on milk fatty acids and nitrogen utilization in lactating dairy cows
    • Lee, M. R. F., V. J. Theobold, J. K. S. Tweed, A. L. Winters, and N. D. Scollan. 2009a. Effect of feeding fresh or conditioned red clover on milk fatty acids and nitrogen utilization in lactating dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 92:1136–1147. doi:10.3168/jds.2008-1692.
    • (2009) J. Dairy Sci , vol.92 , pp. 1136-1147
    • Lee, M.R.F.1    Theobold, V.J.2    Tweed, J.K.S.3    Winters, A.L.4    Scollan, N.D.5
  • 27
    • 73349122346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunogold labelling to localize polyphenol oxidase (PPO) during wilting of red clover leaf tissue and the effect of removing cellular matrices on PPO protection of glycerolbased lipid in the rumen
    • Lee, M. R. F., J. K. S. Tweed, A. Cookson, and M. L. Sullivan. 2010. Immunogold labelling to localize polyphenol oxidase (PPO) during wilting of red clover leaf tissue and the effect of removing cellular matrices on PPO protection of glycerolbased lipid in the rumen. J. Sci. Food Agric. 90:503–510.
    • (2010) J. Sci. Food Agric , vol.90 , pp. 503-510
    • Lee, M.R.F.1    Tweed, J.K.S.2    Cookson, A.3    Sullivan, M.L.4
  • 28
    • 60849091339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Red clover polyphenol oxidase: Activation, activity and efficacy under grazing
    • Lee, M. R. F., J. K. S. Tweed, F. R. Minchin, and A. L. Winters. 2009b. Red clover polyphenol oxidase: Activation, activity and efficacy under grazing. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 149:250–264. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2008.06.013.
    • (2009) Anim. Feed Sci. Technol , vol.149 , pp. 250-264
    • Lee, M.R.F.1    Tweed, J.K.S.2    Minchin, F.R.3    Winters, A.L.4
  • 29
    • 84873248679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidation of ortho-diphenols in red clover with and without polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity and their role in PPO activation and inactivation
    • Lee, M. R. F., J. K. S. Tweed, and M. L. Sullivan. 2013. Oxidation of ortho-diphenols in red clover with and without polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity and their role in PPO activation and inactivation. Grass Forage Sci. 68:83–92. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2494.2012.00873.x.
    • (2013) Grass Forage Sci , vol.68 , pp. 83-92
    • Lee, M.R.F.1    Tweed, J.K.S.2    Sullivan, M.L.3
  • 30
    • 4644362840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plant mediated lipolysis and proteolysis in red clover with different polyphenol oxidase activities
    • Lee, M. R. F., A. L. Winters, N. D. Scollan, R. J. Dewhurst, M. K. Theodorou, and F. R. Minchin. 2004. Plant mediated lipolysis and proteolysis in red clover with different polyphenol oxidase activities. J. Sci. Food Agric. 84:1639–1645. doi:10.1002/jsfa.1854.
    • (2004) J. Sci. Food Agric , vol.84 , pp. 1639-1645
    • Lee, M.R.F.1    Winters, A.L.2    Scollan, N.D.3    Dewhurst, R.J.4    Theodorou, M.K.5    Minchin, F.R.6
  • 31
    • 0015666341 scopus 로고
    • Effect of ensilage on lipids of pasture grasses
    • Lough, A. K., and L. J. Anderson. 1973. Effect of ensilage on lipids of pasture grasses. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 32:61A–62A.
    • (1973) Proc. Nutr. Soc , vol.32 , pp. 61A-62A
    • Lough, A.K.1    Anderson, L.J.2
  • 32
    • 33846211895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diacylglycerol acyltransferase: A key mediator of plant triacylglycerol synthesis
    • Lung, S. C., and R. J. Weselake. 2006. Diacylglycerol acyltransferase: A key mediator of plant triacylglycerol synthesis. Lipids 41:1073–1088. doi:10.1007/s11745-006-5057-y.
    • (2006) Lipids , vol.41 , pp. 1073-1088
    • Lung, S.C.1    Weselake, R.J.2
  • 33
    • 84990744924 scopus 로고
    • Effect of harvesting system on nutrient losses during silage making. 2
    • Mayne, C. S., and F. J. Gordon. 1986. Effect of harvesting system on nutrient losses during silage making. 2. In silo losses. Grass Forage Sci. 41:341–351.
    • (1986) Silo Losses. Grass Forage Sci , vol.41 , pp. 341-351
    • Mayne, C.S.1    Gordon, F.J.2
  • 34
    • 0014116315 scopus 로고
    • The determination of ammonia in whole blood by direct colorimetric method
    • McCullough, H. 1967. The determination of ammonia in whole blood by direct colorimetric method. Clin. Chim. Acta 17:297–304. doi:10.1016/0009-8981(67)90133-7.
    • (1967) Clin. Chim. Acta , vol.17 , pp. 297-304
    • McCullough, H.1
  • 35
    • 0001947324 scopus 로고
    • The ensilage process
    • G. W. Butler and R. W. Bailey, editors, Academic Press, London, UK
    • McDonald, P., and R. Whittenbury. 1973. The ensilage process. In: G. W. Butler and R. W. Bailey, editors, Chemistry and biochemistry of herbage. Academic Press, London, UK. p. 33–60.
    • (1973) Chemistry and Biochemistry of Herbage , pp. 33-60
    • McDonald, P.1    Whittenbury, R.2
  • 36
    • 33751286665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipid content and fatty acid composition of grasses sampled on different dates through the early part of the growing season
    • Mir, P. S., S. Bittman, D. Hunt, T. Entz, and B. Yip. 2006. Lipid content and fatty acid composition of grasses sampled on different dates through the early part of the growing season. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 86:279–290. doi:10.4141/A05-050.
    • (2006) Can. J. Anim. Sci , vol.86 , pp. 279-290
    • Mir, P.S.1    Bittman, S.2    Hunt, D.3    Entz, T.4    Yip, B.5
  • 37
    • 61449183617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of dietary ratios of red clover and grass silages on milk production and milk quality in dairy cows
    • Moorby, J. M., M. R. F. Lee, D. R. Davies, E. J. Kim, G. R. Nute, N. M. Ellis, and N. D. Scollan. 2009. Assessment of dietary ratios of red clover and grass silages on milk production and milk quality in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 92:1148–1160. doi:10.3168/jds.2008-1771.
    • (2009) J. Dairy Sci , vol.92 , pp. 1148-1160
    • Moorby, J.M.1    Lee, M.R.F.2    Davies, D.R.3    Kim, E.J.4    Nute, G.R.5    Ellis, N.M.6    Scollan, N.D.7
  • 38
    • 0037473986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prediction of the digestibility of the primary growth of grass silages harvested at different stages of maturity from chemical composition and pepsin-cellulase solubility. Anim. Feed Sci
    • Nousiainen, J., M. Rinne, M. Hellämäki, and P. Huhtanen. 2003. Prediction of the digestibility of the primary growth of grass silages harvested at different stages of maturity from chemical composition and pepsin-cellulase solubility. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 103:97–111. doi:10.1016/S0377-8401(02)00283-3.
    • (2003) Technol , vol.103 , pp. 97-111
    • Nousiainen, J.1    Rinne, M.2    Hellämäki, M.3    Huhtanen, P.4
  • 39
    • 84982334736 scopus 로고
    • The buffering constituents of herbage and of silage
    • Playne, M. J., and P. McDonald. 1966. The buffering constituents of herbage and of silage. J. Sci. Food Agric. 17:264–268. doi:10.1002/jsfa.2740170609.
    • (1966) J. Sci. Food Agric , vol.17 , pp. 264-268
    • Playne, M.J.1    McDonald, P.2
  • 40
    • 4644282134 scopus 로고
    • Kinetic study of the irreversible thermal deactivation of palmito (Acanthophoenix rubra) polyphenol oxidase and effect of pH
    • Robert, C. M., F. R. Cadet, C. C. Rouch, M. Pabion, and F. Richard- Forget. 1995. Kinetic study of the irreversible thermal deactivation of palmito (Acanthophoenix rubra) polyphenol oxidase and effect of pH. J. Agric. Food Chem. 43:1143–1150. doi:10.1021/jf00053a006.
    • (1995) J. Agric. Food Chem , vol.43 , pp. 1143-1150
    • Robert, C.M.1    Cadet, F.R.2    Rouch, C.C.3    Pabion, M.4    Richard-Forget, F.5
  • 41
    • 0007728516 scopus 로고
    • Determination of carbohydrate fractions in animal foods and faeces. Acta Agral
    • Salo, M.-L. 1965. Determination of carbohydrate fractions in animal foods and faeces. Acta Agral. Fenn. 105:1–102.
    • (1965) Fenn , vol.105 , pp. 1-102
    • Salo, M.-L.1
  • 42
    • 84874857007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent developments in altering the fatty acid composition of ruminant- derived foods
    • Shingfield, K. J., M. Bonnett, and N. D. Scollan. 2013. Recent developments in altering the fatty acid composition of ruminant- derived foods. Animal 7(S1):132–162. doi:10.1017/S1751731112001681.
    • (2013) Animal , vol.7 , pp. 132-162
    • Shingfield, K.J.1    Bonnett, M.2    Scollan, N.D.3
  • 43
    • 0001960537 scopus 로고
    • A new reagent for the determination of sugars
    • Somogyi, M. 1945. A new reagent for the determination of sugars. J. Biol. Chem. 160:61–68.
    • (1945) J. Biol. Chem , vol.160 , pp. 61-68
    • Somogyi, M.1
  • 44
    • 0040549324 scopus 로고
    • Rapid method for determination of total fatty acid content and composition of feedstuffs and feces
    • Sukhija, P. S., and D. L. Palmquist. 1988. Rapid method for determination of total fatty acid content and composition of feedstuffs and feces. J. Agric. Food Chem. 36:1202–1206. doi:10.1021/jf00084a019.
    • (1988) J. Agric. Food Chem , vol.36 , pp. 1202-1206
    • Sukhija, P.S.1    Palmquist, D.L.2
  • 45
    • 33644978397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polyphenol oxidase and o-diphenols inhibit postharvest proteolysis in red clover and alfalfa
    • Sullivan, M. L., and Hatfield, R. D. 2006. Polyphenol oxidase and o-diphenols inhibit postharvest proteolysis in red clover and alfalfa. Crop Sci. 46:662-670.
    • (2006) Crop Sci , vol.46 , pp. 662-670
    • Sullivan, M.L.1    Hatfield, R.D.2
  • 46
    • 34548149683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of forage species and stage of maturity on bovine milk fatty acid composition
    • Vanhatalo, A., K. Kuoppala, V. Toivonen, and K. J. Shingfield. 2007. Effects of forage species and stage of maturity on bovine milk fatty acid composition. Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol. 109:856–867. doi:10.1002/ejlt.200700023.
    • (2007) Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol , vol.109 , pp. 856-867
    • Vanhatalo, A.1    Kuoppala, K.2    Toivonen, V.3    Shingfield, K.J.4
  • 47
    • 62949175950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of ensiling forages at different dry matters and silage additives on lipid metabolism and fatty acid composition
    • Van Ranst, G., V. Fievez, J. De Riek, and E. Van Bockstaele. 2009a. Influence of ensiling forages at different dry matters and silage additives on lipid metabolism and fatty acid composition. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 150:62–74. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2008.08.004.
    • (2009) Anim. Feed Sci. Technol , vol.150 , pp. 62-74
    • Van Ranst, G.1    Fievez, V.2    De Riek, J.3    Van Bockstaele, E.4
  • 48
    • 65549135172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of herbage species, cultivar and cutting date on fatty acid composition of herbage and lipid metabolism during ensiling
    • Van Ranst, G., V. Fievez, M. Vandewalle, J. De Riek, and E. Van Bockstaele. 2009b. Influence of herbage species, cultivar and cutting date on fatty acid composition of herbage and lipid metabolism during ensiling. Grass Forage Sci. 64:196–207. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2494.2009.00686.x.
    • (2009) Grass Forage Sci , vol.64 , pp. 196-207
    • Van Ranst, G.1    Fievez, V.2    Vandewalle, M.3    De Riek, J.4    Van Bockstaele, E.5
  • 49
    • 77957372607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of damaging and wilting red clover on lipid metabolism during ensiling and in vitro rumen incubation
    • Van Ranst, G., V. Fievez, M. Vandewalle, C. Van Waes, J. De Riek, and E. Van Bockstaele. 2010. Influence of damaging and wilting red clover on lipid metabolism during ensiling and in vitro rumen incubation. Animal 4:1528–1540. doi:10.1017/S1751731110000625.
    • (2010) Animal , vol.4 , pp. 1528-1540
    • Van Ranst, G.1    Fievez, V.2    Vandewalle, M.3    Van Waes, C.4    De Riek, J.5    Van Bockstaele, E.6
  • 50
    • 79952992785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Red clover polyphenol oxidase and lipid metabolism
    • Van Ranst, G., M. R. F. Lee, and V. Fievez. 2011. Red clover polyphenol oxidase and lipid metabolism. Animal 5:512–521. doi:10.1017/S1751731110002028.
    • (2011) Animal , vol.5 , pp. 512-521
    • Van Ranst, G.1    Lee, M.R.F.2    Fievez, V.3
  • 51
    • 0026232176 scopus 로고
    • Methods for dietary fibre, neutral detergent fibre, and non starch polysaccharides in relation to animal production
    • Van Soest, P. J., J. B. Robertson, and B. A. Lewis. 1991. Methods for dietary fibre, neutral detergent fibre, and non starch polysaccharides in relation to animal production. J. Dairy Sci. 74:3583–3597. doi:10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2.
    • (1991) J. Dairy Sci , vol.74 , pp. 3583-3597
    • Van Soest, P.J.1    Robertson, J.B.2    Lewis, B.A.3
  • 52
    • 33749410461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors affecting odd- and branchedchain fatty acids in milk: A review. Anim. Feed Sci
    • Vlaeminck, B., V. Fievez, A. R. J. Cabrita, A. J. M. Fonseca, and R. J. Dewhurst. 2006. Factors affecting odd- and branchedchain fatty acids in milk: A review. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 131:389–417. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2006.06.017.
    • (2006) Technol , vol.131 , pp. 389-417
    • Vlaeminck, B.1    Fievez, V.2    Cabrita, A.R.J.3    Fonseca, A.J.M.4    Dewhurst, R.J.5
  • 53
    • 4644249642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Red clover and the future for pasture legumes as an alternative protein source for ruminants
    • Winters, A. L., and F. R. Minchin. 2001. Red clover and the future for pasture legumes as an alternative protein source for ruminants. Inst. Grassl. Environ. Res. Innovation 5:30–33.
    • (2001) Inst. Grassl. Environ. Res. Innovation , vol.5 , pp. 30-33
    • Winters, A.L.1    Minchin, F.R.2
  • 54
    • 26844434982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modification of the Lowry assay to measure proteins and phenols in covalently bound complexes
    • Winters, A. L., and F. R. Minchin. 2005. Modification of the Lowry assay to measure proteins and phenols in covalently bound complexes. Anal. Biochem. 346:43–48. doi:10.1016/j.ab.2005.07.041.
    • (2005) Anal. Biochem , vol.346 , pp. 43-48
    • Winters, A.L.1    Minchin, F.R.2
  • 55
    • 4644241737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of polyphenol oxidase activity in red clover and perennial ryegrass
    • Winters, A. L., F. R. Minchin, R. L. Merry, and P. Morris. 2003. Comparison of polyphenol oxidase activity in red clover and perennial ryegrass. Aspects Appl. Biol. 70:121–128.
    • (2003) Aspects Appl. Biol , vol.70 , pp. 121-128
    • Winters, A.L.1    Minchin, F.R.2    Merry, R.L.3    Morris, P.4
  • 56
    • 84984424020 scopus 로고
    • Microscopic and chemical changes during the 22 days in Italian ryegrass and cocksfoot silages made in laboratory silos
    • Winters, A. L., P. A. Whittaker, and R. K. Wilson. 1987. Microscopic and chemical changes during the 22 days in Italian ryegrass and cocksfoot silages made in laboratory silos. Grass Forage Sci. 42:191–196. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2494.1987.tb02107.x.
    • (1987) Grass Forage Sci , vol.42 , pp. 191-196
    • Winters, A.L.1    Whittaker, P.A.2    Wilson, R.K.3
  • 57
    • 51249168676 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of sequential methods for the determination of butterfat fatty acid composition with emphasis on trans-18:1 acids. Application to the study of seasonal variations in French butters
    • Wolff, R. L., C. C. Bayard, and R. J. Fabien. 1995. Evaluation of sequential methods for the determination of butterfat fatty acid composition with emphasis on trans-18:1 acids. Application to the study of seasonal variations in French butters. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 72:1471–1483. doi:10.1007/BF02577840.
    • (1995) J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc , vol.72 , pp. 1471-1483
    • Wolff, R.L.1    Bayard, C.C.2    Fabien, R.J.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.