Assessment of dietary ratios of red clover and grass silages on milk production and milk quality in dairy cows

Journal of Dairy Science

Volumn 92, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 1148-1160

  Moorby, J M ^a   Lee, M R F ^a   Davies, D R ^a   Kim, E J ^a   Nute, G R ^b   Ellis, N M ^a   Scollan, N D ^a  

^a ABERYSTWYTH UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Milk fatty acids; Nitrogen balance; Organoleptic quality; Red clover silage

Indexed keywords

BOS; LOLIUM; LOLIUM PERENNE; TRIFOLIUM PRATENSE;

NITROGEN; PURINE DERIVATIVE;

ANIMAL; ANIMAL DISEASE; ARTICLE; BODY WEIGHT; CATTLE; CHEMISTRY; CLASSIFICATION; CLOVER; DAIRYING; DIET; EATING; ESCHERICHIA COLI; FECES; FEMALE; HUMAN; LACTATION; METABOLISM; MICROBIOLOGY; MILK; PHYSIOLOGY; POACEAE; RANDOMIZATION; SECRETION; SILAGE; STANDARD;

ANIMALS; BODY WEIGHT; CATTLE; DAIRYING; DIET; EATING; ESCHERICHIA COLI; FECES; FEMALE; HUMANS; LACTATION; MILK; NITROGEN; POACEAE; PURINES; RANDOM ALLOCATION; SILAGE; TRIFOLIUM;

EID: 61449183617     PISSN: 00220302     EISSN: 15253198     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3168/jds.2008-1771     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Agricultural and Food Research Council. 1993. Energy and protein requirements of ruminants. An advisory manual prepared by the AFRC Technical Committee on Responses to Nutrients. CAB International, Wallingford, UK.
2. Al-Mabruk, R. M., N. F. G. Beck, and R. J. Dewhurst. 2004. Effects of silage species and supplemental vitamin E on the oxidative stability in milk. J. Dairy Sci. 87:406-412.
3. Bertilsson, J., and M. Murphy. 2003. Effects of feeding clover silages on feed intake, milk production and digestion in dairy cows. Grass Forage Sci. 58:309-322.
4. British Standards Institution. 1993. Assessors for sensory analysis. Guide to the selection, training and monitoring of selected assessors. BS 7667-1:1993, ISO 8586-1:1993. British Standards Institution, London, UK.
5. Castle, M. E., and J. N. Watson. 1974. Red clover silage for milk production. J. Br. Grassl. Soc. 29:101-108.
6. Dewhurst, R. J., R. T. Evans, N. D. Scollan, J. M. Moorby, R. J. Merry, and R. J. Wilkins. 2003a. Comparison of grass and legume silages for milk production. 2. In vivo and in sacco evaluations of rumen function. J. Dairy Sci. 86:2612-2621.
7. Dewhurst, R. J., W. J. Fisher, J. K. S. Tweed, and R. J. Wilkins. 2003b. Comparison of grass and legume silages for milk production. 1. Production responses with different levels of concentrate. J. Dairy Sci. 86:2598-2611.
8. Dewhurst, R. J., J. M. Moorby, M. S. Dhanoa, R. T. Evans, and W. J. Fisher. 2000. Effects of altering energy and protein supply to dairy cows during the dry period. 1. Intake, body condition, and milk production. J. Dairy Sci. 83:1782-1794.
9. Duncan, S. H., H. J. Flint, and C. S. Stewart. 1998. Inhibitory activity of gut bacteria against Escherichia coli 0157 mediated by dietary plant metabolites. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 164:283-288.
10. 9-desaturase. J. Nutr. 130:2285-2291.
11. Hedegaard, R. V., D. Kristensen, J. H. Nielsen, M. B. Frost, H. Ostdal, J. E. Hermansen, M. Kroger-Ohlsen, and L. H. Skibsted. 2006. Comparison of descriptive sensory analysis and chemical analysis for oxidative changes in milk. J. Dairy Sci. 89:495-504.
12. Huws, S. A., J. E. Edwards, E. J. Kim, and N. D. Scollan. 2007. Specificity and sensitivity of eubacterial primers utilized for molecular profiling of bacteria within complex microbial ecosystems. J. Microbiol. Methods 70:565-569.
13. Huws, S. A., M. R. F. Lee, S. Muetzel, and R. J. Wallace. 2006. Effect of forage type and level of fish oil inclusion on bacterial diversity in the rumen. Reprod. Nutr. Dev. 46(Suppl. 1):S99.
14. Igarashi, K., and T. Yasui. 1985. Oxidation of free methionine and methionine residues in protein involved in the browning reaction of phenolic compounds. Agric. Biol. Chem. 49:2309-2315.
15. Jacobson, L. H., T. A. Nagle, N. G. Gregory, R. G. Bell, G. Le Roux, and J. M. Haines. 2002. Effect of feeding pasture-finished cattle different conserved forages on Escherichia coli in the rumen and faeces. Meat Sci. 62:93-106.
16. Lafond, J., and D. Pageau. 2007. Nitrogen and non nitrogen benefit of legumes to a subsequent spring barley crop. Can. J. Soil Sci. 87:445-454.
17. Lee, M. R. F., L. J. Parfitt, N. D. Scollan, and F. R. Minchin. 2007. Lipolysis in red clover with different polyphenol oxidase activities in the presence and absence of rumen fluid. J. Sci. Food Agric. 87:1308-1314.
18. Lee, M. R. F., K. J. Shingfield, J. K. S. Tweed, V. Toivonen, S. A. Huws, and N. D. Scollan. 2008. Effect of fish oil on rumen biohydrogenation of C18 unsaturated fatty acids in steers fed grass or red clover silages. Animal 2:1859-1869.
19. Lee, M. R. F., and J. K. S. Tweed. 2008. Isomerisation of cis-9 trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) to trans-9 trans-11 CLA during acidic methylation can be avoided by a rapid base catalysed methylation of milk fat. J. Dairy Res. 75:354-356.
20. Lee, M. R. F., J. K. S. Tweed, A. P. Moloney, and N. D. Scollan. 2005. The effects of fish oil supplementation on rumen metabolism and the biohydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids in beef steers given diets containing sunflower oil. Anim. Sci. 80:361-367.
21. MacFie, H. J., N. Bratchell, K. Greenhoff, and L. Vallis. 1989. Designs to balance the effect of order of presentation and first-order carryover effects in hall tests. J. Sens. Stud. 4:129-148.
22. Martin, B., I. Verdier-Metz, S. Buchin, C. Hurtaud, and J. B. Coulon. 2005. How do the nature of forages and pasture diversity influence the sensory quality of dairy livestock products? Anim. Sci. 81:205-212.
23. McAllan, A. B. 1980. The degradation of nucleic acid in, and the removal of breakdown products from the small intestine of steers. Br. J. Nutr. 44:99-112.
24. Merry, R. J., M. R. F. Lee, D. R. Davies, R. J. Dewhurst, J. M. Moorby, N. D. Scollan, and M. K. Theodorou. 2006. Effects of high-sugar ryegrass silage and mixtures with red clover silage on ruminant digestion. 1. In vitro and in vivo studies of nitrogen utilization. J. Anim. Sci. 84:3049-3060.
25. Moorby, J. M., R. J. Dewhurst, R. T. Evans, and J. L. Danelon. 2006. Effects of dairy cow diet forage proportion on duodenal nutrient supply and urinary purine derivative excretion. J. Dairy Sci. 89:3552-3562.
26. Moorby, J. M., R. J. Dewhurst, J. K. S. Tweed, M. S. Dhanoa, and N. F. G. Beck. 2000. Effects of altering the energy and protein supply to dairy cows during the dry period. 2. Metabolic and hormonal responses. J. Dairy Sci. 83:1795-1805.
27. Mulvany, P. 1977. Dairy cow condition scoring. National Institute for Research in Dairying, Reading, UK.
28. Sanguinetti, C. J., E. D. Neto, and A. J. G. Simpson. 1994. Rapid silver staining and recovery of PCR products separated on polyacrylamide gels. Biotechniques 17:914-921.
29. Thomas, C., K. Aston, and S. R. Daley. 1985. Milk production from silage. 3. A comparison of red clover with grass silage. Anim. Prod. 41:23-31.
30. Thomas, T. A. 1977. An automated procedure for the determination of soluble carbohydrates in herbage. J. Sci. Food Agric. 28:639-642.
31. Van Soest, P. J., J. B. Robertson, and B. A. Lewis. 1991. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Sci. 74:3568-3597.
32. Van Soest, P. J., and R. H. Wine. 1967. Use of detergent in the analysis of fibrous feeds. IV. Determination of plant cell wall constituents. J. AOAC 50:50-55.
33. Vanhatalo, A., K. Kuoppala, V. Toivonen, and K. J. Shingfield. 2007. Effects of forage species and stage of maturity on bovine milk fatty acid composition. Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol. 109:856-867.
34. Veltman, R. H., C. Larrigaudiere, H. J. Wichers, A. C. R. Van Schaik, L. H. W. Van der Plas, and J. Oosterhaven. 1999. PPO activity and polyphenol content are not limiting factors during brown cove development in pears (Pyrus communis L. cv. Conference). J. Plant Physiol. 154:697-702.
35. Wells, J. G., L. D. Shipman, K. D. Greene, E. G. Sowers, J. H. Green, D. N. Cameron, F. P. Downes, M. L. Martin, P. M. Griffin, S. M. Ostroff, M. E. Potter, R. V. Tauxe, and I. K. Wachsmuth. 1991. Isolation of Escherichia coli serotype O157:H7 and other shigalike-toxin-producing E. coli from dairy cattle. J. Clin. Microbiol. 29:985-989.
36. Wilkins, R. J., and R. Jones. 2000. Alternative home-grown protein sources for ruminants in the United Kingdom. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 85:23-32.
37. Winters, A. L., and F. R. Minchin. 2005. Modification of the Lowry assay to measure proteins and phenols in covalently bound complexes. Anal. Biochem. 346:43-48.
38. Zhao, T., M. P. Doyle, J. Shere, and L. Garber. 1995. Prevalence of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157 H7 in a survey of dairy herds. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61:1290-1293.
39. Zhu, W.-Y., M. K. Theodorou, A. C. Longland, B. B. Nielsen, J. Dijkstra, and A. P. J. Trinci. 1996. Growth and survival of anaerobic fungi in batch and continuous-flow cultures. Anaerobe 2:29-37.