메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 11, Issue 2, 2016, Pages 191-200

HIV infection and immune activation: The role of coinfections

Author keywords

biomarkers; immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome; innate immunity; myeloid cells; tuberculosis

Indexed keywords

ANTI HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS AGENT; BIOLOGICAL MARKER;

EID: 84957441441     PISSN: 1746630X     EISSN: 17466318     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/COH.0000000000000241     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (75)

References (90)
  • 1
    • 84906219704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Update on opportunistic infections in the era of effective antiretroviral therapy
    • Zanoni BC, Gandhi RT. Update on opportunistic infections in the era of effective antiretroviral therapy. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2014; 28: 501-518.
    • (2014) Infect Dis Clin North Am , vol.28 , pp. 501-518
    • Zanoni, B.C.1    Gandhi, R.T.2
  • 2
    • 84898850301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention and treatment of opportunistic infections in HIV-infected adults and adolescents: Updated guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institutes of Health, and HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
    • National Institutes of H, Centers for Disease C, Prevention, America HIVMAotIDSo
    • Masur H, Brooks JT, Benson CA, et al., National Institutes of H, Centers for Disease C, Prevention, America HIVMAotIDSo. Prevention and treatment of opportunistic infections in HIV-infected adults and adolescents: updated guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institutes of Health, and HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis 2014; 58: 1308-1311.
    • (2014) Clin Infect Dis , vol.58 , pp. 1308-1311
    • Masur, H.1    Brooks, J.T.2    Benson, C.A.3
  • 3
    • 84946130610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mortality risk after AIDS-defining opportunistic illness among HIV-infected persons-San Francisco
    • Djawe K, Buchacz K, Hsu L, et al. Mortality risk after AIDS-defining opportunistic illness among HIV-infected persons-San Francisco. J Infect Dis 2015; 212: 1366-1375.
    • (2015) J Infect Dis , vol.212 , pp. 1366-1375
    • Djawe, K.1    Buchacz, K.2    Hsu, L.3
  • 4
    • 84946149189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Opportunistic infections and mortality: Still room for improvement
    • Masur H, Read SW. Opportunistic infections and mortality: still room for improvement. J Infect Dis 2015; 212: 1348-1350.
    • (2015) J Infect Dis , vol.212 , pp. 1348-1350
    • Masur, H.1    Read, S.W.2
  • 5
    • 84943164088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV-related opportunistic infections are still relevant in 2015
    • Masur H. HIV-related opportunistic infections are still relevant in 2015. Top Antivir Med 2015; 23: 116-119.
    • (2015) Top Antivir Med , vol.23 , pp. 116-119
    • Masur, H.1
  • 6
    • 84886790685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The end of AIDS: HIV infection as a chronic disease
    • Deeks SG, Lewin SR, Havlir DV. The end of AIDS: HIV infection as a chronic disease. Lancet 2013; 382: 1525-1533.
    • (2013) Lancet , vol.382 , pp. 1525-1533
    • Deeks, S.G.1    Lewin, S.R.2    Havlir, D.V.3
  • 7
    • 84940530289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Initiation of antiretroviral therapy in early asymptomatic HIV infection
    • Group ISS, Lundgren JD, Babiker AG, et al. Initiation of antiretroviral therapy in early asymptomatic HIV infection. N Engl J Med 2015; 373: 795-807.
    • (2015) N Engl J Med , vol.373 , pp. 795-807
    • Iss, G.1    Lundgren, J.D.2    Babiker, A.G.3
  • 8
    • 84893767814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunodeficiency at the start of combination antiretroviral therapy in low-, middle-, and high-income countries
    • IeDea Collaborations ARTC
    • IeDea, Collaborations ARTC. Avila D, Althoff KN, Mugglin C, et al. Immunodeficiency at the start of combination antiretroviral therapy in low-, middle-, and high-income countries. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2014; 65: e8-e16.
    • (2014) J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr , vol.65 , pp. e8-e16
    • Avila, D.1    Althoff, K.N.2    Mugglin, C.3
  • 9
    • 84912564160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vital signs: HIV diagnosis, care, and treatment among persons living with HIV-United States
    • Bradley H, Hall HI, Wolitski RJ, et al. Vital signs: HIV diagnosis, care, and treatment among persons living with HIV-United States.MMWRMorb Mortal Wkly Rep 2014; 63: 1113-1117.
    • (2014) MMWRMorb Mortal Wkly Rep , vol.63 , pp. 1113-1117
    • Bradley, H.1    Hall, H.I.2    Wolitski, R.J.3
  • 10
    • 84926654732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in CD4 count at presentation to care and treatment initiation in sub-Saharan Africa, 2002-2013: A metaanalysis
    • Siedner MJ, Ng CK, Bassett IV, et al. Trends in CD4 count at presentation to care and treatment initiation in sub-Saharan Africa, 2002-2013: a metaanalysis. Clin Infect Dis 2015; 60: 1120-1127.
    • (2015) Clin Infect Dis , vol.60 , pp. 1120-1127
    • Siedner, M.J.1    Ng, C.K.2    Bassett, I.V.3
  • 11
    • 84884627659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors and outcomes for late presentation for HIV-positive persons in Europe: Results from the Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research Europe Study (COHERE)
    • Mocroft A, Lundgren JD, Sabin ML, et al. Risk factors and outcomes for late presentation for HIV-positive persons in Europe: results from the Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research Europe Study (COHERE). PLoS Med 2013; 10: e1001510.
    • (2013) PLoS Med , vol.10 , pp. e1001510
    • Mocroft, A.1    Lundgren, J.D.2    Sabin, M.L.3
  • 12
    • 84957452474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Updated October
    • http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs104/en/Fact sheet N8104. Updated October 2015.
    • (2015)
  • 13
    • 84918504553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis B and human immunodeficiency virus co-infection
    • Phung BC, Sogni P, Launay O. Hepatitis B and human immunodeficiency virus co-infection. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20: 17360-17367.
    • (2014) World J Gastroenterol , vol.20 , pp. 17360-17367
    • Phung, B.C.1    Sogni, P.2    Launay, O.3
  • 14
    • 84947433788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human immunodeficiency virus and viral hepatitis among high-risk groups: Understanding the knowledge gap in the Middle East and North Africa Region
    • Melhem NM, Rahhal N, Charide R, et al. Human immunodeficiency virus and viral hepatitis among high-risk groups: understanding the knowledge gap in the Middle East and North Africa Region. World J Hepatol 2015; 7: 2619-2630.
    • (2015) World J Hepatol , vol.7 , pp. 2619-2630
    • Melhem, N.M.1    Rahhal, N.2    Charide, R.3
  • 15
    • 84927933701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monitoring selected national HIV prevention and care objectives by using HIV surveillance data: United States and 6 dependent areas -2013
    • Centers for Disease Control [Accessed October 2015]
    • Centers for Disease Control. Monitoring selected national HIV prevention and care objectives by using HIV surveillance data: United States and 6 dependent areas -2013. Supplemental report, vol. 20. 2015. http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/library/reports/surveillance. [Accessed October 2015].
    • (2015) Supplemental Report , vol.20
  • 17
    • 84859773709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrating cryptococcal antigen screening and preemptive treatment into routine HIV care
    • Rajasingham R, Meya DB, Boulware DR. Integrating cryptococcal antigen screening and preemptive treatment into routine HIV care. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2012; 59: e85-e91.
    • (2012) J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr , vol.59 , pp. e85-e91
    • Rajasingham, R.1    Meya, D.B.2    Boulware, D.R.3
  • 18
    • 84922513716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytomegalovirus coinfection is associated with an increased risk of severe non-AIDS-defining events in a large cohort of HIV-infected patients
    • Lichtner M, Cicconi P, Vita S, et al. Cytomegalovirus coinfection is associated with an increased risk of severe non-AIDS-defining events in a large cohort of HIV-infected patients. J Infect Dis 2015; 211: 178-186.
    • (2015) J Infect Dis , vol.211 , pp. 178-186
    • Lichtner, M.1    Cicconi, P.2    Vita, S.3
  • 19
    • 84902588087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High seroprevalence of human herpesviruses in HIV-infected individuals attending primary healthcare facilities in rural South Africa
    • Schaftenaar E, Verjans GM, Getu S, et al. High seroprevalence of human herpesviruses in HIV-infected individuals attending primary healthcare facilities in rural South Africa. PLoS One 2014; 9: e99243.
    • (2014) PLoS One , vol.9 , pp. e99243
    • Schaftenaar, E.1    Verjans, G.M.2    Getu, S.3
  • 20
    • 84861143573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infectious co-factors in HIV-1 transmission herpes simplex virus type-2 and HIV-1: New insights and interventions
    • Barnabas RV, Celum C. Infectious co-factors in HIV-1 transmission herpes simplex virus type-2 and HIV-1: new insights and interventions. Curr HIV Res 2012; 10: 228-237.
    • (2012) Curr HIV Res , vol.10 , pp. 228-237
    • Barnabas, R.V.1    Celum, C.2
  • 21
    • 57749107807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV/AIDS: Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: A reappraisal
    • French MA. HIV/AIDS: immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: a reappraisal. Clin Infect Dis 2009; 48: 101-107.
    • (2009) Clin Infect Dis , vol.48 , pp. 101-107
    • French, M.A.1
  • 22
    • 77958598562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biomarkers in immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: Signals from pathogenesis
    • Sereti I, Rodger AJ, French MA. Biomarkers in immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: signals from pathogenesis. Curr Opin HIV AIDS 2010; 5: 504-510.
    • (2010) Curr Opin HIV AIDS , vol.5 , pp. 504-510
    • Sereti, I.1    Rodger, A.J.2    French, M.A.3
  • 23
    • 0026448465 scopus 로고
    • Zidovudine-induced restoration of cellmediated immunity to mycobacteria in immunodeficient HIV-infected patients
    • French MA, Mallal SA, Dawkins RL. Zidovudine-induced restoration of cellmediated immunity to mycobacteria in immunodeficient HIV-infected patients. AIDS 1992; 6: 1293-1297.
    • (1992) AIDS , vol.6 , pp. 1293-1297
    • French, M.A.1    Mallal, S.A.2    Dawkins, R.L.3
  • 24
    • 84855869282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: The trouble with immunity when you had none
    • Barber DL, Andrade BB, Sereti I, Sher A. Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: the trouble with immunity when you had none. Nat Rev Microbiol 2012; 10: 150-156.
    • (2012) Nat Rev Microbiol , vol.10 , pp. 150-156
    • Barber, D.L.1    Andrade, B.B.2    Sereti, I.3    Sher, A.4
  • 25
    • 85027918261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune reconstitution disorders in patients with HIV infection: From pathogenesis to prevention and treatment
    • Chang CC, Sheikh V, Sereti I, French MA. Immune reconstitution disorders in patients with HIV infection: from pathogenesis to prevention and treatment. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep 2014; 11: 223-232.
    • (2014) Curr HIV/AIDS Rep , vol.11 , pp. 223-232
    • Chang, C.C.1    Sheikh, V.2    Sereti, I.3    French, M.A.4
  • 26
    • 47549086736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: Case definitions for use in resourcelimited settings
    • Meintjes G, Lawn SD, Scano F, et al. Tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: case definitions for use in resourcelimited settings. Lancet Infect Dis 2008; 8: 516-523.
    • (2008) Lancet Infect Dis , vol.8 , pp. 516-523
    • Meintjes, G.1    Lawn, S.D.2    Scano, F.3
  • 27
    • 78049441467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptococcal immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in HIV-1-infected individuals: Proposed clinical case definitions
    • Haddow LJ, Colebunders R, Meintjes G, et al. Cryptococcal immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in HIV-1-infected individuals: proposed clinical case definitions. Lancet Infect Dis 2010; 10: 791-802.
    • (2010) Lancet Infect Dis , vol.10 , pp. 791-802
    • Haddow, L.J.1    Colebunders, R.2    Meintjes, G.3
  • 28
    • 33646059534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Explosion of tuberculin-specific Th1-responses induces immune restoration syndrome in tuberculosis and HIV co-infected patients
    • Bourgarit A, Carcelain G, Martinez V, et al. Explosion of tuberculin-specific Th1-responses induces immune restoration syndrome in tuberculosis and HIV co-infected patients. AIDS 2006; 20: F1-F7.
    • (2006) AIDS , vol.20 , pp. F1-F7
    • Bourgarit, A.1    Carcelain, G.2    Martinez, V.3
  • 29
    • 84859186806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective expansion of polyfunctional pathogen-specific CD4(+) T cells in HIV-1-infected patients with immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome
    • Mahnke YD, Greenwald JH, DerSimonian R, et al. Selective expansion of polyfunctional pathogen-specific CD4(+) T cells in HIV-1-infected patients with immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. Blood 2012; 119: 3105-3112.
    • (2012) Blood , vol.119 , pp. 3105-3112
    • Mahnke, Y.D.1    Greenwald, J.H.2    Der Simonian, R.3
  • 30
    • 57349186692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Type 1 helper T cells and FoxP3-positive T cells in HIV-tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome
    • Meintjes G, Wilkinson KA, Rangaka MX, et al. Type 1 helper T cells and FoxP3-positive T cells in HIV-tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2008; 178: 1083-1089.
    • (2008) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.178 , pp. 1083-1089
    • Meintjes, G.1    Wilkinson, K.A.2    Rangaka, M.X.3
  • 31
    • 84859592888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural killer cell degranulation capacity predicts early onset of the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) in HIV-infected patients with tuberculosis
    • Pean P, Nerrienet E, Madec Y, et al. Natural killer cell degranulation capacity predicts early onset of the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) in HIV-infected patients with tuberculosis. Blood 2012; 119: 3315-3320.
    • (2012) Blood , vol.119 , pp. 3315-3320
    • Pean, P.1    Nerrienet, E.2    Madec, Y.3
  • 32
    • 84923178349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TB-IRIS, T-cell activation, and remodeling of the T-cell compartment in highly immunosuppressed HIVinfected patients with TB
    • Haridas V, Pean P, Jasenosky LD, et al. TB-IRIS, T-cell activation, and remodeling of the T-cell compartment in highly immunosuppressed HIVinfected patients with TB. AIDS 2015; 29: 263-273.
    • (2015) AIDS , vol.29 , pp. 263-273
    • Haridas, V.1    Pean, P.2    Jasenosky, L.D.3
  • 33
    • 84941975757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lower pre-treatment T cell activation in early- and late-onset tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome
    • Goovaerts O, Jennes W, Massinga-Loembe M, et al. Lower pre-treatment T cell activation in early- and late-onset tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. PLoS One 2015; 10: e0133924.
    • (2015) PLoS One , vol.10 , pp. e0133924
    • Goovaerts, O.1    Jennes, W.2    Massinga-Loembe, M.3
  • 34
    • 84922569803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytotoxic mediators in paradoxical HIV-tuberculosis immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome
    • Wilkinson KA, Walker NF, Meintjes G, et al. Cytotoxic mediators in paradoxical HIV-tuberculosis immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. J Immunol 2015; 194: 1748-1754.
    • (2015) J Immunol , vol.194 , pp. 1748-1754
    • Wilkinson, K.A.1    Walker, N.F.2    Meintjes, G.3
  • 35
    • 84869031314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevated interleukin 8 and Thelper 1 and T-helper 17 cytokine levels prior to antiretroviral therapy in participants who developed immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome during ACTG A5164
    • Grant PM, Komarow L, Lederman MM, et al. Elevated interleukin 8 and Thelper 1 and T-helper 17 cytokine levels prior to antiretroviral therapy in participants who developed immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome during ACTG A5164. J Infect Dis 2012; 206: 1715-1723.
    • (2012) J Infect Dis , vol.206 , pp. 1715-1723
    • Grant, P.M.1    Komarow, L.2    Lederman, M.M.3
  • 36
    • 84888023299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of monocytes in the development of tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome
    • Tran HT, Van den Bergh R, Vu TN, et al. The role of monocytes in the development of tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. Immunobiology 2014; 219: 37-44.
    • (2014) Immunobiology , vol.219 , pp. 37-44
    • Tran, H.T.1    Van Den Bergh, R.2    Vu, T.N.3
  • 37
    • 84879878240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of the complement system in monocytes contributes to tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome
    • Tran HT, Van den Bergh R, Loembe MM, et al. Modulation of the complement system in monocytes contributes to tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. AIDS 2013; 27: 1725-1734.
    • (2013) AIDS , vol.27 , pp. 1725-1734
    • Tran, H.T.1    Van Den Bergh, R.2    Loembe, M.M.3
  • 38
    • 84908341539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mycobacterial antigen driven activation of CD14++CD16- monocytes is a predictor of tuberculosisassociated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome
    • Andrade BB, Singh A, Narendran G, et al. Mycobacterial antigen driven activation of CD14++CD16- monocytes is a predictor of tuberculosisassociated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. PLoS Pathog 2014; 10: e1004433.
    • (2014) PLoS Pathog , vol.10 , pp. e1004433
    • Andrade, B.B.1    Singh, A.2    Narendran, G.3
  • 39
    • 84877845660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paradoxical tuberculosis immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS) in HIV patients with culture confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis in India and the potential role of IL-6 in prediction
    • Narendran G, Andrade BB, Porter BO, et al. Paradoxical tuberculosis immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS) in HIV patients with culture confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis in India and the potential role of IL-6 in prediction. PLoS One 2013; 8: e63541.
    • (2013) PLoS One , vol.8 , pp. e63541
    • Narendran, G.1    Andrade, B.B.2    Porter, B.O.3
  • 40
    • 84922409745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma interleukin-18 levels are a biomarker of innate immune responses that predict and characterize tuberculosis- associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome
    • Tan HY, Yong YK, Andrade BB, et al. Plasma interleukin-18 levels are a biomarker of innate immune responses that predict and characterize tuberculosis- associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. AIDS 2015; 29: 421-431.
    • (2015) AIDS , vol.29 , pp. 421-431
    • Tan, H.Y.1    Yong, Y.K.2    Andrade, B.B.3
  • 41
    • 84960172014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A paradoxical treatment for a paradoxical condition: Infliximab use in three cases of mycobacterial IRIS
    • Hsu DC, Faldetta KF, Pei L, et al. A paradoxical treatment for a paradoxical condition: infliximab use in three cases of mycobacterial IRIS. Clin Infect Dis 2015. doi: 10.1093/cid/civ841
    • (2015) Clin Infect Dis
    • Hsu, D.C.1    Faldetta, K.F.2    Pei, L.3
  • 42
    • 84942133467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HIV-tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome is characterized by Toll-like receptor and inflammasome signaling
    • Lai RP, Meintjes G, Wilkinson KA, et al. HIV-tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome is characterized by Toll-like receptor and inflammasome signalling. Nat Commun 2015; 6: 8451.
    • (2015) Nat Commun , vol.6 , pp. 8451
    • Lai, R.P.1    Meintjes, G.2    Wilkinson, K.A.3
  • 43
    • 84957442285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interleukin 27R regulates CD4+ T cell phenotype and impacts protective immunity during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection
    • Torrado E, Fountain JJ, Liao M, et al. Interleukin 27R regulates CD4+ T cell phenotype and impacts protective immunity during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. J Exp Med 2015; 212: 1449-1463.
    • (2015) J Exp Med , vol.212 , pp. 1449-1463
    • Torrado, E.1    Fountain, J.J.2    Liao, M.3
  • 44
    • 10344261416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IL-27 signaling compromises control of bacterial growth in mycobacteria-infected mice
    • Pearl JE, Khader SA, Solache A, et al. IL-27 signaling compromises control of bacterial growth in mycobacteria-infected mice. J Immunol 2004; 173: 7490-7496.
    • (2004) J Immunol , vol.173 , pp. 7490-7496
    • Pearl, J.E.1    Khader, S.A.2    Solache, A.3
  • 45
    • 84925365657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunological profiling of tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome and nonimmune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome death in HIV-infected adults with pulmonary tuberculosis starting antiretroviral therapy: A prospective observational cohort study
    • Ravimohan S, Tamuhla N, Steenhoff AP, et al. Immunological profiling of tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome and nonimmune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome death in HIV-infected adults with pulmonary tuberculosis starting antiretroviral therapy: a prospective observational cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis 2015; 15: 429-438.
    • (2015) Lancet Infect Dis , vol.15 , pp. 429-438
    • Ravimohan, S.1    Tamuhla, N.2    Steenhoff, A.P.3
  • 46
    • 84898005626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tuberculosis immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in A5221 STRIDE: Timing, severity, and implications for HIV-TB programs
    • Luetkemeyer AF, Kendall MA, Nyirenda M, et al. Tuberculosis immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in A5221 STRIDE: timing, severity, and implications for HIV-TB programs. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2014; 65: 423-428.
    • (2014) J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr , vol.65 , pp. 423-428
    • Luetkemeyer, A.F.1    Kendall, M.A.2    Nyirenda, M.3
  • 47
    • 84868110449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome after antiretroviral therapy initiation in patients with tuberculosis: Findings from the SAPiT trial
    • Naidoo K, Yende-Zuma N, Padayatchi N, et al. The immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome after antiretroviral therapy initiation in patients with tuberculosis: findings from the SAPiT trial. Ann Internal Med 2012; 157: 313-324.
    • (2012) Ann Internal Med , vol.157 , pp. 313-324
    • Naidoo, K.1    Yende-Zuma, N.2    Padayatchi, N.3
  • 48
    • 77349094313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Timing of initiation of antiretroviral drugs during tuberculosis therapy
    • Abdool Karim SS, Naidoo K, Grobler A, et al. Timing of initiation of antiretroviral drugs during tuberculosis therapy. N Engl J Med 2010; 362: 697-706.
    • (2010) N Engl J Med , vol.362 , pp. 697-706
    • Abdool Karim, S.S.1    Naidoo, K.2    Grobler, A.3
  • 49
    • 80054721877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Timing of antiretroviral therapy for HIV-1 infection and tuberculosis
    • Havlir DV, Kendall MA, Ive P, et al. Timing of antiretroviral therapy for HIV-1 infection and tuberculosis. N Engl J Med 2011; 365: 1482-1491.
    • (2011) N Engl J Med , vol.365 , pp. 1482-1491
    • Havlir, D.V.1    Kendall, M.A.2    Ive, P.3
  • 50
    • 80054742528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Earlier versus later start of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected adults with tuberculosis
    • Blanc FX, Sok T, Laureillard D, et al. Earlier versus later start of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected adults with tuberculosis. N Engl J Med 2011; 365: 1471-1481.
    • (2011) N Engl J Med , vol.365 , pp. 1471-1481
    • Blanc, F.X.1    Sok, T.2    Laureillard, D.3
  • 51
    • 84947733056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of early initiation of antiretroviral therapy in TB/HIV coinfected patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Abay SM, Deribe K, Reda AA, et al. The effect of early initiation of antiretroviral therapy in TB/HIV coinfected patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care 2015; 14: 560-570.
    • (2015) J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care , vol.14 , pp. 560-570
    • Abay, S.M.1    Deribe, K.2    Reda, A.A.3
  • 52
    • 84902080732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • WHO Policy on Collaborative TB/HIV Activities: Guidelines for National Programmes and Other Stakeholders. Accessed October 2015
    • WHO Policy on Collaborative TB/HIV Activities: Guidelines for National Programmes and Other Stakeholders. 2012. WHO Guidelines Approved by the Guidelines Review Committee. Accessed October 2015. Available at: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/44789/1/9789241503006-eng.pdf?ua=1&ua=1.
    • (2012) WHO Guidelines Approved by the Guidelines Review Committee
  • 53
    • 84903447928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Timing of antiretroviral therapy after diagnosis of cryptococcal meningitis
    • Boulware DR, Meya DB, Muzoora C, et al. Timing of antiretroviral therapy after diagnosis of cryptococcal meningitis. N Engl J Med 2014; 370: 2487-2498.
    • (2014) N Engl J Med , vol.370 , pp. 2487-2498
    • Boulware, D.R.1    Meya, D.B.2    Muzoora, C.3
  • 54
    • 84943279363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early ART after cryptococcal meningitis is associated with cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis and macrophage activation in a multisite randomized trial
    • Scriven JE, Rhein J, Hullsiek KH, et al. Early ART after cryptococcal meningitis is associated with cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis and macrophage activation in a multisite randomized trial. J Infect Dis 2015; 212: 769-778.
    • (2015) J Infect Dis , vol.212 , pp. 769-778
    • Scriven, J.E.1    Rhein, J.2    Hullsiek, K.H.3
  • 55
    • 84929660544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular immune activation in cerebrospinal fluid from ugandans with cryptococcal meningitis and immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome
    • Meya DB, Okurut S, Zziwa G, et al. Cellular immune activation in cerebrospinal fluid from ugandans with cryptococcal meningitis and immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. J Infect Dis 2015; 211: 1597-1606.
    • (2015) J Infect Dis , vol.211 , pp. 1597-1606
    • Meya, D.B.1    Okurut, S.2    Zziwa, G.3
  • 56
    • 84929497862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebrospinal fluid cytokine profiles predict risk of early mortality and immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis
    • Jarvis JN, Meintjes G, Bicanic T, et al. Cerebrospinal fluid cytokine profiles predict risk of early mortality and immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis. PLoS Pathog 2015; 11: e1004754.
    • (2015) PLoS Pathog , vol.11 , pp. e1004754
    • Jarvis, J.N.1    Meintjes, G.2    Bicanic, T.3
  • 57
    • 84875968965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biomarkers of inflammation and coagulation are associated with mortality and hepatitis flares in persons coinfected with HIV and hepatitis viruses
    • Andrade BB, Hullsiek KH, Boulware DR, et al. Biomarkers of inflammation and coagulation are associated with mortality and hepatitis flares in persons coinfected with HIV and hepatitis viruses. J Infect Dis 2013; 207: 1379-1388.
    • (2013) J Infect Dis , vol.207 , pp. 1379-1388
    • Andrade, B.B.1    Hullsiek, K.H.2    Boulware, D.R.3
  • 58
    • 84879119066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome associated with Kaposi sarcoma: Higher incidence and mortality in Africa than in the UK
    • Letang E, Lewis JJ, Bower M, et al. Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome associated with Kaposi sarcoma: higher incidence and mortality in Africa than in the UK. AIDS 2013; 27: 1603-1613.
    • (2013) AIDS , vol.27 , pp. 1603-1613
    • Letang, E.1    Lewis, J.J.2    Bower, M.3
  • 59
    • 84940732850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vaginal cytomegalovirus shedding before and after initiation of antiretroviral therapy in Rakai, Uganda
    • Gianella S, Redd AD, Grabowski MK, et al. Vaginal cytomegalovirus shedding before and after initiation of antiretroviral therapy in Rakai, Uganda. J Infect Dis 2015; 212: 899-903.
    • (2015) J Infect Dis , vol.212 , pp. 899-903
    • Gianella, S.1    Redd, A.D.2    Grabowski, M.K.3
  • 60
    • 84902370176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytomegalovirus immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome manifesting as acute appendicitis in an HIV-infected patient
    • Faldetta KF, Kattakuzhy S, Wang HW, et al. Cytomegalovirus immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome manifesting as acute appendicitis in an HIV-infected patient. BMC Infect Dis 2014; 14: 313.
    • (2014) BMC Infect Dis , vol.14 , pp. 313
    • Faldetta, K.F.1    Kattakuzhy, S.2    Wang, H.W.3
  • 61
    • 84879853751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytomegalovirus immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome manifesting as sialadenitis in an HIV-infected patient
    • Sheikh V, Caplan M, Wilson EM, et al. Cytomegalovirus immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome manifesting as sialadenitis in an HIV-infected patient. AIDS 2013; 27: 1833-1835.
    • (2013) AIDS , vol.27 , pp. 1833-1835
    • Sheikh, V.1    Caplan, M.2    Wilson, E.M.3
  • 62
    • 84881652714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reactivation of herpes simplex virus type 2 after initiation of antiretroviral therapy
    • Tobian AA, Grabowski MK, Serwadda D, et al. Reactivation of herpes simplex virus type 2 after initiation of antiretroviral therapy. J Infect Dis 2013; 208: 839-846.
    • (2013) J Infect Dis , vol.208 , pp. 839-846
    • Tobian, A.A.1    Grabowski, M.K.2    Serwadda, D.3
  • 63
    • 84958667470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2) cervico-vaginal shedding among women living with HIV-1 on antiretroviral therapy in Burkina Faso: An 8-year longitudinal study
    • Low AJ, Nagot N, Weiss HA, et al. Herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2) cervico-vaginal shedding among women living with HIV-1 on antiretroviral therapy in Burkina Faso: an 8-year longitudinal study. J Infect Dis 2015. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiv495.
    • (2015) J Infect Dis
    • Low, A.J.1    Nagot, N.2    Weiss, H.A.3
  • 64
    • 84921985871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of the CCR5 antagonist maraviroc on the occurrence of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in HIV (CADIRIS): A double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial
    • Sierra-Madero JG, Ellenberg SS, Rassool MS, et al. Effect of the CCR5 antagonist maraviroc on the occurrence of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in HIV (CADIRIS): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet HIV 2014; 1: e60-e67.
    • (2014) Lancet HIV , vol.1 , pp. e60-e67
    • Sierra-Madero, J.G.1    Ellenberg, S.S.2    Rassool, M.S.3
  • 65
    • 84949659705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Latent and active tuberculosis infection increase immune activation in individuals co-infected with HIV
    • Sullivan ZA, Wong EB, Ndung'u T, et al. Latent and active tuberculosis infection increase immune activation in individuals co-infected with HIV. EBioMedicine 2015; 2: 334-340.
    • (2015) EBioMedicine , vol.2 , pp. 334-340
    • Sullivan, Z.A.1    Wong, E.B.2    Ndung'U, T.3
  • 66
    • 33751227183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased carotid intima-media thickness in HIV patients is associated with increased cytomegalovirus-specific T-cell responses
    • Hsue PY, Hunt PW, Sinclair E, et al. Increased carotid intima-media thickness in HIV patients is associated with increased cytomegalovirus-specific T-cell responses. AIDS 2006; 20: 2275-2283.
    • (2006) AIDS , vol.20 , pp. 2275-2283
    • Hsue, P.Y.1    Hunt, P.W.2    Sinclair, E.3
  • 67
    • 84861553601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin G antibody is associated with subclinical carotid artery disease among HIVinfected women
    • Parrinello CM, Sinclair E, Landay AL, et al. Cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin G antibody is associated with subclinical carotid artery disease among HIVinfected women. J Infect Dis 2012; 205: 1788-1796.
    • (2012) J Infect Dis , vol.205 , pp. 1788-1796
    • Parrinello, C.M.1    Sinclair, E.2    Landay, A.L.3
  • 68
    • 84862793506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A role for cytomegalovirus-specific CD4+CX3CR1+ T cells and cytomegalovirus-induced T-cell immunopathology in HIV-associated atherosclerosis
    • Sacre K, Hunt PW, Hsue PY, et al. A role for cytomegalovirus-specific CD4+CX3CR1+ T cells and cytomegalovirus-induced T-cell immunopathology in HIV-associated atherosclerosis. AIDS 2012; 26: 805-814.
    • (2012) AIDS , vol.26 , pp. 805-814
    • Sacre, K.1    Hunt, P.W.2    Hsue, P.Y.3
  • 69
    • 84927719148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased carotid intima-media thickness is not associated with T-cell activation nor with cytomegalovirus in HIVinfected never-smoker patients
    • Goulenok T, Boyd A, Larsen M, et al. Increased carotid intima-media thickness is not associated with T-cell activation nor with cytomegalovirus in HIVinfected never-smoker patients. AIDS 2015; 29: 287-293.
    • (2015) AIDS , vol.29 , pp. 287-293
    • Goulenok, T.1    Boyd, A.2    Larsen, M.3
  • 70
    • 84951014571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The silent war of CMV in aging and HIV infection
    • Effros RB. The silent war of CMV in aging and HIV infection. Mech Ageing Dev 2015. doi: 10.1016/j.mad.2015.09.003
    • (2015) Mech Ageing Dev
    • Effros, R.B.1
  • 71
    • 84896348458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of HIV on CD8+ T cell CD57 expression is distinct from that of CMV and aging
    • Lee SA, Sinclair E, Hatano H, et al. Impact of HIV on CD8+ T cell CD57 expression is distinct from that of CMV and aging. PLoS One 2014; 9: e89444.
    • (2014) PLoS One , vol.9 , pp. e89444
    • Lee, S.A.1    Sinclair, E.2    Hatano, H.3
  • 72
    • 84962221927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CD8 T-cell expansion and inflammation linked to CMV coinfection in ART-treated HIV infection
    • Freeman ML, Mudd JC, Shive CL, et al. CD8 T-cell expansion and inflammation linked to CMV coinfection in ART-treated HIV infection. Clin Infect Dis 2015. doi: 10.1093/cid/civ840
    • (2015) Clin Infect Dis
    • Freeman, M.L.1    Mudd, J.C.2    Shive, C.L.3
  • 73
    • 79955028940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Valganciclovir reduces T cell activation in HIV-infected individuals with incomplete CD4+ T cell recovery on antiretroviral therapy
    • Hunt PW, Martin JN, Sinclair E, et al. Valganciclovir reduces T cell activation in HIV-infected individuals with incomplete CD4+ T cell recovery on antiretroviral therapy. J Infect Dis 2011; 203: 1474-1483.
    • (2011) J Infect Dis , vol.203 , pp. 1474-1483
    • Hunt, P.W.1    Martin, J.N.2    Sinclair, E.3
  • 74
    • 33847130152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduction of HIV-1 RNA levels with therapy to suppress herpes simplex virus
    • Nagot N, Ouedraogo A, Foulongne V, et al. Reduction of HIV-1 RNA levels with therapy to suppress herpes simplex virus. N Engl JMed 2007; 356: 790-799.
    • (2007) N Engl JMed , vol.356 , pp. 790-799
    • Nagot, N.1    Ouedraogo, A.2    Foulongne, V.3
  • 75
    • 47849108168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Roles of clinical and subclinical reactivated herpes simplex virus type 2 infection and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-induced immunosuppression on genital and plasma HIV-1 levels
    • Nagot N, Ouedraogo A, Konate I, et al. Roles of clinical and subclinical reactivated herpes simplex virus type 2 infection and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-induced immunosuppression on genital and plasma HIV-1 levels. J Infect Dis 2008; 198: 241-249.
    • (2008) J Infect Dis , vol.198 , pp. 241-249
    • Nagot, N.1    Ouedraogo, A.2    Konate, I.3
  • 76
    • 84940614875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variability of human immunodeficiency virus-1 in the female genital reservoir during genital reactivation of herpes simplex virus type 2
    • e871-e879
    • LeGoff J, Roques P, JenabianMA, et al. Variability of human immunodeficiency virus-1 in the female genital reservoir during genital reactivation of herpes simplex virus type 2. Clin Microbiol Infect 2015; 21: 873; e871-e879.
    • (2015) Clin Microbiol Infect , vol.21 , pp. 873
    • LeGoff, J.1    Roques, P.2    Jenabian, M.A.3
  • 77
    • 84861340082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of daily aciclovir on HIV disease progression in individuals in Rakai, Uganda, co-infected with HIV-1 and herpes simplex virus type 2: A randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled trial
    • Reynolds SJ, Makumbi F, Newell K, et al. Effect of daily aciclovir on HIV disease progression in individuals in Rakai, Uganda, co-infected with HIV-1 and herpes simplex virus type 2: a randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Infect Dis 2012; 12: 441-448.
    • (2012) Lancet Infect Dis , vol.12 , pp. 441-448
    • Reynolds, S.J.1    Makumbi, F.2    Newell, K.3
  • 78
    • 76149129743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acyclovir and transmission of HIV-1 from persons infected with HIV-1 and HSV-2
    • Celum C, Wald A, Lingappa JR, et al. Acyclovir and transmission of HIV-1 from persons infected with HIV-1 and HSV-2. N Engl J Med 2010; 362: 427-439.
    • (2010) N Engl J Med , vol.362 , pp. 427-439
    • Celum, C.1    Wald, A.2    Lingappa, J.R.3
  • 79
    • 84945539306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decreased monocyte activation with daily acyclovir use in HIV-1/HSV-2 coinfected women
    • Redd AD, Newell K, Patel EU, et al. Decreased monocyte activation with daily acyclovir use in HIV-1/HSV-2 coinfected women. Sex Transm Infect 2015; 91: 485-488.
    • (2015) Sex Transm Infect , vol.91 , pp. 485-488
    • Redd, A.D.1    Newell, K.2    Patel, E.U.3
  • 80
    • 84886903533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized controlled pilot trial of valacyclovir for attenuating inflammation and immune activation in HIV/herpes simplex virus 2-coinfected adults on suppressive antiretroviral therapy
    • Yi TJ, Walmsley S, Szadkowski L, et al. A randomized controlled pilot trial of valacyclovir for attenuating inflammation and immune activation in HIV/herpes simplex virus 2-coinfected adults on suppressive antiretroviral therapy. Clin Infect Dis 2013; 57: 1331-1338.
    • (2013) Clin Infect Dis , vol.57 , pp. 1331-1338
    • Yi, T.J.1    Walmsley, S.2    Szadkowski, L.3
  • 81
    • 84939483323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coinfection with human herpesvirus 8 is associated with persistent inflammation and immune activation in virologically suppressed HIV-infected patients
    • Masia M, Robledano C, Ortiz de la Tabla V, et al. Coinfection with human herpesvirus 8 is associated with persistent inflammation and immune activation in virologically suppressed HIV-infected patients. PLoS One 2014; 9: e105442.
    • (2014) PLoS One , vol.9 , pp. e105442
    • Masia, M.1    Robledano, C.2    De La Tabla, O.V.3
  • 82
    • 53549115066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural history of hepatitis C virus infection in HIV-infected individuals and the impact of HIV in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy: A meta-analysis
    • Thein HH, Yi Q, Dore GJ, Krahn MD. Natural history of hepatitis C virus infection in HIV-infected individuals and the impact of HIV in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy: a meta-analysis. AIDS 2008; 22: 1979-1991.
    • (2008) AIDS , vol.22 , pp. 1979-1991
    • Thein, H.H.1    Yi, Q.2    Dore, G.J.3    Krahn, M.D.4
  • 83
    • 84942939409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extrahepatic comorbidities associated with hepatitis C virus in HIV-infected patients
    • Soriano V, Berenguer J. Extrahepatic comorbidities associated with hepatitis C virus in HIV-infected patients. Curr Opin HIV AIDS 2015; 10: 309-315.
    • (2015) Curr Opin HIV AIDS , vol.10 , pp. 309-315
    • Soriano, V.1    Berenguer, J.2
  • 84
    • 84954078274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis C virus coinfection independently increases the risk of cardiovascular disease in HIVpositive patients
    • Fernandez-Montero JV, Barreiro P, de Mendoza C, et al. Hepatitis C virus coinfection independently increases the risk of cardiovascular disease in HIVpositive patients. J Viral Hepat 2015. doi: 10.1111/jvh.12447.
    • (2015) J Viral Hepat
    • Fernandez-Montero, J.V.1    Barreiro, P.2    De Mendoza, C.3
  • 85
    • 84959875088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A cross-sectional study of the association between chronic hepatitis C virus infection and subclinical coronary atherosclerosis among participants in the multicenter AIDS cohort study
    • McKibben RA, Haberlen SA, Post WS, et al. A cross-sectional study of the association between chronic hepatitis C virus infection and subclinical coronary atherosclerosis among participants in the multicenter AIDS cohort study. J Infect Dis 2015. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiv396
    • (2015) J Infect Dis
    • McKibben, R.A.1    Haberlen, S.A.2    Post, W.S.3
  • 86
    • 84928556929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A matched cross-sectional study of the association between circulating tissue factor activity, immune activation and advanced liver fibrosis in hepatitis C infection
    • Hodowanec AC, Lee RD, Brady KE, et al. A matched cross-sectional study of the association between circulating tissue factor activity, immune activation and advanced liver fibrosis in hepatitis C infection. BMC Infect Dis 2015; 15: 190.
    • (2015) BMC Infect Dis , vol.15 , pp. 190
    • Hodowanec, A.C.1    Lee, R.D.2    Brady, K.E.3
  • 87
    • 84925002896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune activation response in chronic HIV-infected patients: Influence of hepatitis C virus coinfection
    • Marquez M, Romero-Cores P, Montes-Oca M, et al. Immune activation response in chronic HIV-infected patients: influence of hepatitis C virus coinfection. PLoS One 2015; 10: e0119568.
    • (2015) PLoS One , vol.10 , pp. e0119568
    • Marquez, M.1    Romero-Cores, P.2    Montes-Oca, M.3
  • 88
    • 84875921454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune biomarker differences and changes comparing HCV mono-infected, HIV/HCV co-infected, and HCV spontaneously cleared patients
    • Kushner LE, Wendelboe AM, Lazzeroni LC, et al. Immune biomarker differences and changes comparing HCV mono-infected, HIV/HCV co-infected, and HCV spontaneously cleared patients. PLoS One 2013; 8: e60387.
    • (2013) PLoS One , vol.8 , pp. e60387
    • Kushner, L.E.1    Wendelboe, A.M.2    Lazzeroni, L.C.3
  • 89
    • 84978328156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of hepatitis C virologic clearance on cardiovascular disease biomarkers in human immunodeficiency virus/hepatitis C virus coinfection
    • Chew KW, Hua L, Bhattacharya D, et al. The effect of hepatitis C virologic clearance on cardiovascular disease biomarkers in human immunodeficiency virus/hepatitis C virus coinfection. Open Forum Infect Dis 2014; 1: ofu104.
    • (2014) Open Forum Infect Dis , vol.1 , pp. ofu104
    • Chew, K.W.1    Hua, L.2    Bhattacharya, D.3
  • 90
    • 84947028968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of hepatitis C in patients with HIV
    • Tang L, Kottilil S. Treatment of hepatitis C in patients with HIV. Lancet HIV 2015; 2: e308-e309.
    • (2015) Lancet HIV , vol.2 , pp. e308-e309
    • Tang, L.1    Kottilil, S.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.