Green segmentation: a cross-national study

Marketing Intelligence and Planning

Volumn 33, Issue 7, 2015, Pages 981-1003

  Yilmazsoy, Baris ^a   Schmidbauer, Harald ^a   Rösch, Angi ^b  

^a ISTANBUL BILGI UNIVERSITY   (Turkey)

^b FOM UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES   (Germany)

Author keywords

China; Cross cultural research; Germany; Green marketing; International marketing; Market segmentation; Turkey

Indexed keywords

EID: 84942425957     PISSN: 02634503     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1108/MIP-12-2013-0201     Document Type: Article

References (74)

1. Ajzen, I. and Fishbein, M. (1980), Understanding Attitudes and Predicting Social Behavior, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
2. Al-Khatib, J.A., Stanton, A.D. and Rawwas, M.Y.A. (2005), “Ethical segmentation of consumers in developing countries: a comparative analysis”, International Marketing Review, Vol. 22 No. 2, pp. 225-246.
3. Alsmadi, S. (2010), “Green marketing and the concern over the environment: measuring environmental consciousness of Jordanian consumers”, Journal of Promotion Management, Vol. 13 No. 3, pp. 339-361.
4. Awad, T.A. (2011), “Environmental segmentation alternatives: buyers’ profiles and implications”, Journal of Islamic Marketing, Vol. 2 No. 1, pp. 55-73.
5. Berger, I. and Corbin, R. (1992), “Perceived consumer effectiveness and faith in others as moderators of environmentally responsible behaviors”, Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, Vol. 11 No. 2, pp. 79-89.
6. Brock, G., Pihur, V., Datta, S. and Datta, S. (2008), “clValid: an R package for cluster validation”, Journal of Statistical Software, Vol. 25 No. 4, pp. 1-22.
7. Bonini, S.M.J., Hintz, G. and Mendonca, L.T. (2008), “Addressing consumer concerns about climate change”, The McKinsey Quarterly, Vol. 2, March, pp. 52-61.
8. Brislin, R.W. (1970), “Back-translation for cross-cultural research”, Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, Vol. 1 No. 3, pp. 185-216.
9. Buzzell, R.D. (1968), “Can you standardize multinational marketing?”, Harvard Business Review, Vol. 46 No. 6, pp. 102-113.
10. Chan, K. (2000), “Market segmentation of green consumers in Hong Kong”, Journal of International Consumer Marketing, Vol. 12 No. 2, pp. 7-24.
11. Chan, R.Y.K. (2001), “Determinants of Chinese consumers’ green purchase behavior”, Psychology & Marketing, Vol. 18 No. 4, pp. 389-413.
12. Chan, R.Y.K. and Lau, L.B.Y. (2001), “Explaining green purchasing behavior: a cross-cultural study on American and Chinese consumers”, Journal of International Consumer Marketing, Vol. 14 Nos 2/3, pp. 9-40.
13. Cleveland, M., Kalamas, M. and Laroche, M. (2005), “Shades of green: linking environmental locus of control and pro-environmental behaviors”, Journal of Consumer Marketing, Vol. 22 No. 4, pp. 198-212.
14. Darley, J.M. and Latane, B. (1968), “Bystander intervention in emergencies: diffusion of responsibility”, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol. 8 No. 4, pp. 377-383.
15. Diamantopoulos, A., Schlegelmilch, B.B., Sinkovics, R.R. and Bohlen, G.M. (2003), “Can socio-demographics still play a role in profiling green consumers? A review of the evidence and an empirical investigation”, Journal of Business Research, Vol. 56 No. 6, pp. 465-480.
16. do Paço, A. and Raposo, M. (2009), “‘Green’ segmentation: an application to the Portuguese consumer market”, Marketing Intelligence & Planning, Vol. 27 No. 3, pp. 364-379.
17. do Paço, A.M.F. and Raposo, M.L.B. (2010), “Green consumer market segmentation: empirical findings from Portugal”, International Journal of Consumer Studies, Vol. 34 No. 4, pp. 429-436.
18. Dunlap, R.E. and Van Liere, K.D. (1978), “The ‘new environmental paradigm’”, The Journal of Environmental Education, Vol. 9 No. 4, pp. 10-19.
19. Dunlap, R.E., Van Liere, K.D., Mertig, A.G. and Jones, R.E. (2000), “Measuring endorsement of the new ecological paradigm: a revised NEP scale”, Journal of Social Issues, Vol. 56 No. 3, pp. 425-442.
20. Esty, D.C. and Winston, A. (2009), Green to Gold: How Smart Companies Use Environmental Strategy to Innovate, Create Value, and Build Competitive Advantage, Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, NJ.
21. Fishbein, M. and Ajzen, I. (1975), Belief, Attitude, Intention and Behavior: An Introduction to Theory and Research, Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA.
22. Follows, S.B. and Jobber, D. (2000), “Environmentally responsible purchase behavior: a test of a consumer model”, European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 34 Nos 5/6, pp. 723-746.
23. Gill, J.D., Crosby, L.A. and Taylor, J.R. (1986), “Ecological concern, attitudes, and social norms in voting behavior”, Public Opinion Quarterly, Vol. 50 No. 4, pp. 537-554.
24. Granzin, K.L. and Olsen, J.E. (1991), “Characterizing participants in activities protecting the environment: a focus on donating, recycling, and conservation behaviors”, Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, Vol. 10 No. 2, pp. 1-27.
25. Hines, J.M., Hungerford, H.R. and Tomera, A.N. (1987), “Analysis and synthesis of research on responsible environmental behavior: a meta-analysis”, The Journal of Environmental Education, Vol. 18 No. 2, pp. 1-8.
26. Howell, S.E. and Laska, S.B. (1992), “The changing face of the environmental coalition: a research note”, Environment and Behavior, Vol. 24 No. 1, pp. 134-144.
27. Huang, M. and Rust, R.T. (2009), “Sustainability and consumption”, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Vol. 39 No. 1, pp. 40-54.
28. Jain, S.K. and Kaur, G. (2006), “Role of socio-demographics in segmenting and profiling green consumers: an exploratory study of consumers in India”, Journal of International Consumer Marketing, Vol. 18 No. 3, pp. 107-146.
29. Kaiser, F.G., Ranney, M., Hartig, T. and Bowler, P.A. (1999), “Ecological behavior, environmental attitude, and feelings of responsibility for the environment”, European Psychologist, Vol. 4 No. 2, pp. 59-74.
30. Kaufman, L. and Rousseeuw, P.J. (2005), Finding Groups in Data: An Introduction to Cluster Analysis, Wiley & Sons, New York, NY.
31. Kempton, W.M., Boster, J.S. and Hartley, J.A. (1995), Environmental Values in American Culture, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
32. Kilbourne, W. and Pickett, G. (2007), “How materialism affects environmental beliefs, concern, and environmentally responsible behavior”, Journal of Business Research, Vol. 61 No. 9, pp. 885-893.
33. Kilbourne, W.E. and Beckmann, S.C. (1998), “Review and critical assessment of research on marketing and the environment”, Journal of Marketing Management, Vol. 14 No. 6, pp. 513-532.
34. Kinnear, T.C., Taylor, J.R. and Ahmed, S.A. (1974), “Ecologically concerned consumers: who are they?”, Journal of Marketing, Vol. 38 No. 2, pp. 20-24.
35. Ko, E., Kim, E., Taylor, C.R., Kim, K.H. and Kang, I.J. (2007), “Cross-national market segmentation in the fashion industry: a study of European, Korean, and US consumers”, International Marketing Review, Vol. 24 No. 5, pp. 629-651.
36. Kotler, P. (1995), Marketing Management: Analysis, Planning, Implementation, and Control, 9th ed., Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
37. Kreidler, N.B. and Joseph-Mathews, S. (2009), “How green should you go? Understanding the role of green atmospherics in service environment evaluations”, International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, Vol. 3 No. 3, pp. 228-245.
38. Laroche, M., Bergeron, J. and Barbaro-Forleo, G. (2001), “Targeting consumers who are willing to pay more for environmentally friendly products”, Journal of Consumer Marketing, Vol. 18 No. 5, pp. 503-520.
39. Lemon, J. (2006), “Plotrix: a package in the red light district of R”, R-News, Vol. 6 No. 4, pp. 8-12.
40. Levitt, T. (1983), “The globalization of markets”, Harvard Business Review, Vol. 61 No. 3, pp. 92-102.
41. Lumley, T. (2004), “Analysis of complex survey samples”, Journal of Statistical Software, ol. 9 No. 1, pp. 1-19.
42. McCarty, J.A. and Shrum, L.J. (2001), “The influence of individualism, collectivism, and locus of control on environmental beliefs and behavior”, Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, Vol. 20 No. 1, pp. 93-104.
43. Maechler, M., Rousseeuw, P., Struyf, A., Hubert, M. and Hornik, K. (2013), Cluster: Cluster Analysis Basics and Extensions. R Package Version 1.14.4.
44. Mainieri, T., Barnett, E.G., Valdero, T.R., Unipan, J.B. and Oskamp, S. (1997), “Green buying: the influence of environmental concern on consumer behavior”, The Journal of Social Psychology, Vol. 137 No. 2, pp. 189-204.
45. Markham, W.T. (2008), “German environmental attitudes and behaviour in transition”, Environmental Politics, Vol. 17 No. 5, pp. 840-846.
46. Martin, B. and Simintiras, A.C. (1995), “The impact of green product lines on the environment: does what they know affect how they feel?”, Marketing Intelligence & Planning, Vol. 13 No. 4, pp. 16-23.
47. Mostafa, M.M. (2007), “A hierarchical analysis of the green consciousness of the Egyptian consumer”, Psychology & Marketing, Vol. 24 No. 5, pp. 445-473.
48. National Geographic and GlobeScan (2012), “Greendex 2012: consumer choice and the environment – a worldwide tracking survey”, available at: http://images.nationalgeographic.com/wpf/media-content/file/NGS_2012_Final_Global_report_Jul20-cb1343059672.pdf (accessed July 11, 2012).
49. Newell, S.J. and Green, C.L. (1997), “Racial differences in consumer environmental concern”, Journal of Consumer Affairs, Vol. 31 No. 1, pp. 53-69.
50. Nunnally, J.C. (1978), Psychometric Theory, 2nd ed., McGraw-Hall, New York, NY.
51. Oliver, J.D. and Lee, S.-H. (2010), “Hybrid car purchase intentions: a cross-cultural analysis”, Journal of Consumer Marketing, Vol. 27 No. 2, pp. 96-103.
52. Ottman, J.A., Stafford, E.R. and Hartman, C.L. (2006), “Avoiding green marketing myopia: ways to improve consumer appeal for environmentally preferable products”, Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development, Vol. 48 No. 5, pp. 22-36.
53. Özsomer, A. and Simonin, B.L. (2004), “Marketing program standardization: a cross-country exploration”, International Journal of Research in Marketing, Vol. 21 No. 4, pp. 397-414.
54. Papadopoulos, N. and Martin, O.M. (2011), “International market selection and segmentation: perspectives and challenges”, International Marketing Review, Vol. 28 No. 2, pp. 132-149.
55. Pickett-Baker, J. and Ozaki, R. (2008), “Pro-environmental products: marketing influence on consumer purchase decision”, Journal of Consumer Marketing, Vol. 24 No. 5, pp. 281-293.
56. Polonsky, M.J. (2011), “Transformative green marketing: impediments and opportunities”, Journal of Business Research, Vol. 64 No. 12, pp. 1311-1319.
57. Porter, M.E. and van der Linde, C. (1995), “Green and competitive: ending the stalemate”, Harvard Business Review, Vol. 73 No. 5, pp. 120-134.
58. R Development Core Team (2011), R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing, R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna.
59. Rettie, R., Burchell, K. and Riley, D. (2012), “Normalising green behaviours: a new approach to sustainability marketing”, Journal of Marketing Management, Vol. 28 Nos 3/4, pp. 420-444.
60. Roberts, J.A. and Bacon, D.R. (1997), “Exploring the subtle relationships between environmental concern and ecologically conscious consumer behavior”, Journal of Business Research, Vol. 40 No. 1, pp. 79-89.
61. Rousseeuw, P.J., Ruts, I. and Tukey, J.W. (1999), “The bagplot: a bivariate boxplot”, The American Statistician, Vol. 53 No. 4, pp. 382-387.
62. Schlegelmilch, B.B., Bohlen, G.M. and Diamantopoulos, A. (1996), “The link between green purchasing decisions and measures of environmental consciousness”, European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 30 No. 5, pp. 35-55.
63. Schwepker, C.H. Jr and Cornwell, T.B. (1991), “An examination of ecologically concerned consumers and their intention to purchase ecologically packaged products”, Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, Vol. 10 No. 2, pp. 77-101.
64. Sheth, J.N., Sethia, N.K. and Srinivas, S. (2011), “Mindful consumption: a customer-centric approach to sustainability”, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Vol. 39 No. 1, pp. 21-39.
65. Shrum, L.J., McCarty, J.A. and Lowrey, T.M. (1995), “Buyer characteristics of the green consumer and their implications for advertising strategy”, Journal of Advertising, Vol. 24 No. 2, pp. 71-82.
66. Steenkamp, J.E.M. and Ter Hofstede, F. (2002), “International market segmentation: issues and perspectives”, International Journal of Research in Marketing, Vol. 19 No. 3, pp. 185-213.
67. Stern, P.C., Dietz, T. and Guagnano, G.A. (1995), “The new ecological paradigm in socio-psychological context”, Environment and Behavior, Vol. 27 No. 6, pp. 723-743.
68. Straughan, R.D. and Roberts, J.A. (1999), “Environmental segmentation alternatives: a look at green consumer behavior in the new millennium”, Journal of Consumer Marketing, Vol. 16 No. 6, pp. 558-575.
69. Thibault, H. (2012), “Environmental activism gains a foothold in China”. The Guardian, 21 August 2012. available at: www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2012/aug/21/environment-activists-china-pollution-protest (accessed July 13, 2012).
70. Webster, F.E. Jr (1975), “Determining the characteristics of the socially conscious consumer”, Journal of Consumer Research, Vol. 2 No. 3, pp. 188-196.
71. World Economic Forum (2012), The Global Competitiveness Report 2012-2013, World Economic Forum, Geneva.
72. Yam-Tang, E.P.Y. and Chan, R.Y.K. (1998), “Purchasing behaviours and perceptions of environmentally harmful products”, Marketing Intelligence & Planning, Vol. 16 No. 6, pp. 356-362.
73. Zelezny, L.C., Chua, P. and Aldrich, C. (2000), “Elaborating gender differences in environmentalism”, Journal of Social Issues, Vol. 56 No. 3, pp. 443-457.
74. Zinkhan, G.M. and Carlson, L. (1995), “Green advertising and the reluctant consumer”, Journal of Advertising, Vol. 24 No. 2, pp. 1-6.