From microRNA target validation to therapy: Lessons learned from studies on BDNF

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences

Volumn 72, Issue 9, 2015, Pages 1779-1794

  Varendi, Kärt ^a   Mätlik, Kert ^a   Andressoo, Jaan Olle ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI   (Finland)

Author keywords

3UTR; AntagomiRs; BDNF; Luciferase assay; microRNA; RNA secondary structure

Indexed keywords

3' UNTRANSLATED REGION; BRAIN DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR; MESSENGER RNA; MICRORNA;

3' UNTRANSLATED REGION; ANIMAL; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; GENETICS; HUMAN; METABOLISM;

3' UNTRANSLATED REGIONS; ANIMALS; BRAIN-DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; HUMANS; MICRORNAS; RNA, MESSENGER;

EID: 84939956122     PISSN: 1420682X     EISSN: 14209071     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-1836-z     Document Type: Review

References (111)

1. Lee RC, Feinbaum RL, Ambros V (1993) The C. elegans heterochronic gene lin-4 encodes small RNAs with antisense complementarity to lin-14. Cell 75(5):843-854
2. Wightman B, Ha I, Ruvkun G (1993) Posttranscriptional regulation of the heterochronic gene lin-14 by lin-4 mediates temporal pattern formation in C. elegans. Cell 75(5):855-862
3. Lim LP, Lau NC, Garrett-Engele P, Grimson A, Schelter JM, Castle J, Bartel DP, Linsley PS, Johnson JM (2005) Microarray analysis shows that some microRNAs downregulate large numbers of target mRNAs. Nature 433(7027):769-773
4. Filipowicz W, Bhattacharyya SN, Sonenberg N (2008) Mechanisms of post-transcriptional regulation by microRNAs: are the answers in sight? Nat Rev Genet 9(2):102-114
5. Kosik KS (2006) The neuronal microRNA system. Nat Rev Neurosci 7(12):911-920
6. Bartel DP (2004) MicroRNAs: genomics, biogenesis, mechanism, and function. Cell 116(2):281-297
7. Lewis BP, Shih IH, Jones-Rhoades MW, Bartel DP, Burge CB (2003) Prediction of mammalian microRNA targets. Cell 115(7):787-798
8. Lewis BP, Burge CB, Bartel DP (2005) Conserved seed pairing, often flanked by adenosines, indicates that thousands of human genes are microRNA targets. Cell 120(1):15-20
9. Grimson A, Farh KK, Johnston WK, Garrett-Engele P, Lim LP, Bartel DP (2007) MicroRNA targeting specificity in mammals: determinants beyond seed pairing. Mol Cell 27(1):91-105
10. Shin C, Nam JW, Farh KK, Chiang HR, Shkumatava A, Bartel DP (2010) Expanding the microRNA targeting code: functional sites with centered pairing. Mol Cell 38(6):789-802
11. Bartel DP (2009) MicroRNAs: target recognition and regulatory functions. Cell 136(2):215-233
12. Baek D, Villen J, Shin C, Camargo FD, Gygi SP, Bartel DP (2008) The impact of microRNAs on protein output. Nature 455(7209):64-71
13. Kedde M, Strasser MJ, Boldajipour B, Oude Vrielink JA, Slanchev K, le Sage C, Nagel R, Voorhoeve PM, van Duijse J, Orom UA et al (2007) RNA-binding protein Dnd1 inhibits microRNA access to target mRNA. Cell 131(7):1273-1286
14. Witkos TM, Koscianska E, Krzyzosiak WJ (2011) Practical Aspects of microRNA Target Prediction. Curr Mol Med 11(2):93-109
15. Stark A, Brennecke J, Bushati N, Russell RB, Cohen SM (2005) Animal MicroRNAs confer robustness to gene expression and have a significant impact on 3UTR evolution. Cell 123(6):1133-1146
16. Didiano D, Hobert O (2006) Perfect seed pairing is not a generally reliable predictor for miRNA-target interactions. Nat Struct Mol Biol 13(9):849-851
17. Hutvagner G, Simard MJ, Mello CC, Zamore PD (2004) Sequence-specific inhibition of small RNA function. PLoS Biol 2(4):E98
18. Meister G, Landthaler M, Dorsett Y, Tuschl T (2004) Sequence-specific inhibition of microRNA- and siRNA-induced RNA silencing. RNA 10(3):544-550
19. Orom UA, Kauppinen S, Lund AH (2006) LNA-modified oligonucleotides mediate specific inhibition of microRNA function. Gene 372:137-141
20. Ebert MS, Neilson JR, Sharp PA (2007) MicroRNA sponges: competitive inhibitors of small RNAs in mammalian cells. Nat Methods 4(9):721-726
21. Choi WY, Giraldez AJ, Schier AF (2007) Target protectors reveal dampening and balancing of Nodal agonist and antagonist by miR-430. Science 318(5848):271-274
22. Staton AA, Giraldez AJ (2011) Use of target protector morpholinos to analyze the physiological roles of specific miRNA-mRNA pairs in vivo. Nat Protoc 6(12):2035-2049
23. Haraguchi T, Ozaki Y, Iba H (2009) Vectors expressing efficient RNA decoys achieve the long-term suppression of specific microRNA activity in mammalian cells. Nucleic Acids Res 37(6):e43
24. Xie J, Ameres SL, Friedline R, Hung JH, Zhang Y, Xie Q, Zhong L, Su Q, He R, Li M et al (2012) Long-term, efficient inhibition of microRNA function in mice using rAAV vectors. Nat Methods 9(4):403-409
25. Hausser J, Syed AP, Selevsek N, van Nimwegen E, Jaskiewicz L, Aebersold R, Zavolan M (2013) Timescales and bottlenecks in miRNA-dependent gene regulation. Mol Syst Biol 9:711
26. Schwanhausser B, Busse D, Li N, Dittmar G, Schuchhardt J, Wolf J, Chen W, Selbach M (2011) Global quantification of mammalian gene expression control. Nature 473(7347):337-342
27. Varendi K, Kumar A, Harma MA, Andressoo JO (2014) miR-1, miR-10b, miR-155, and miR-191 are novel regulators of BDNF. Cell Mol Life Sci 71:4443-4456
28. Beitzinger M, Meister G (2011) Experimental identification of microRNA targets by immunoprecipitation of Argonaute protein complexes. Methods Mol Biol 732:153-167
29. Chi SW, Zang JB, Mele A, Darnell RB (2009) Argonaute HITS-CLIP decodes microRNA-mRNA interaction maps. Nature 460(7254):479-486
30. Hafner M, Landthaler M, Burger L, Khorshid M, Hausser J, Berninger P, Rothballer A, Ascano M Jr, Jungkamp AC, Munschauer M et al (2010) Transcriptome-wide identification of RNA-binding protein and microRNA target sites by PAR-CLIP. Cell 141(1):129-141
31. Wang X, Wang X (2006) Systematic identification of microRNA functions by combining target prediction and expression profiling. Nucleic Acids Res 34(5):1646-1652
32. Makeyev EV, Zhang J, Carrasco MA, Maniatis T (2007) The MicroRNA miR-124 promotes neuronal differentiation by triggering brain-specific alternative pre-mRNA splicing. Mol Cell 27(3):435-448
33. Hendrickson DG, Hogan DJ, Herschlag D, Ferrell JE, Brown PO (2008) Systematic identification of mRNAs recruited to argonaute 2 by specific microRNAs and corresponding changes in transcript abundance. PLoS One 3(5):e2126
34. Wen J, Parker BJ, Jacobsen A, Krogh A (2011) MicroRNA transfection and AGO-bound CLIP-seq data sets reveal distinct determinants of miRNA action. RNA 17(5):820-834
35. Mullokandov G, Baccarini A, Ruzo A, Jayaprakash AD, Tung N, Israelow B, Evans MJ, Sachidanandam R, Brown BD (2012) High-throughput assessment of microRNA activity and function using microRNA sensor and decoy libraries. Nat Methods 9(8):840-846
36. Kozomara A, Hunt S, Ninova M, Griffiths-Jones S, Ronshaugen M (2014) Target repression induced by endogenous microRNAs: large differences, small effects. PLoS One 9(8):e104286
37. Arvey A, Larsson E, Sander C, Leslie CS, Marks DS (2010) Target mRNA abundance dilutes microRNA and siRNA activity. Mol Syst Biol 6:363
38. Bustin SA (2000) Absolute quantification of mRNA using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays. J Mol Endocrinol 25(2):169-193
39. Chen C, Ridzon DA, Broomer AJ, Zhou Z, Lee DH, Nguyen JT, Barbisin M, Xu NL, Mahuvakar VR, Andersen MR et al (2005) Real-time quantification of microRNAs by stem-loop RT-PCR. Nucleic Acids Res 33(20):e179
40. Shi R, Chiang VL (2005) Facile means for quantifying microRNA expression by real-time PCR. Biotechniques 39(4):519-525
41. Wan G, Lim QE, Too HP (2010) High-performance quantification of mature microRNAs by real-time RT-PCR using deoxyuridine-incorporated oligonucleotides and hemi-nested primers. RNA 16(7):1436-1445
42. Bissels U, Wild S, Tomiuk S, Holste A, Hafner M, Tuschl T, Bosio A (2009) Absolute quantification of microRNAs by using a universal reference. RNA 15(12):2375-2384
43. Hafner M, Landgraf P, Ludwig J, Rice A, Ojo T, Lin C, Holoch D, Lim C, Tuschl T (2008) Identification of microRNAs and other small regulatory RNAs using cDNA library sequencing. Methods 44(1):3-12
44. Mestdagh P, Hartmann N, Baeriswyl L, Andreasen D, Bernard N, Chen C, Cheo D, D'Andrade P, DeMayo M, Dennis L et al (2014) Evaluation of quantitative miRNA expression platforms in the microRNA quality control (miRQC) study. Nat Methods 11(8):809-815
45. Selbach M, Schwanhausser B, Thierfelder N, Fang Z, Khanin R, Rajewsky N (2008) Widespread changes in protein synthesis induced by microRNAs. Nature 455(7209):58-63
46. Saetrom P, Heale BS, Snove O Jr, Aagaard L, Alluin J, Rossi JJ (2007) Distance constraints between microRNA target sites dictate efficacy and cooperativity. Nucleic Acids Res 35(7):2333-2342
47. Salmena L, Poliseno L, Tay Y, Kats L, Pandolfi PP (2011) A ceRNA hypothesis: the Rosetta Stone of a hidden RNA language? Cell 146(3):353-358
48. Shalgi R, Lieber D, Oren M, Pilpel Y (2007) Global and local architecture of the mammalian microRNA-transcription factor regulatory network. PLoS Comput Biol 3(7):e131
49. Barde YA, Edgar D, Thoenen H (1982) Purification of a new neurotrophic factor from mammalian brain. EMBO J 1(5):549-553
50. Thoenen H (1995) Neurotrophins and neuronal plasticity. Science 270(5236):593-598
51. Huang EJ, Reichardt LF (2001) Neurotrophins: roles in neuronal development and function. Annu Rev Neurosci 24:677-736
52. Dluzen DE, Anderson LI, McDermott JL, Kucera J, Walro JM (2002) Striatal dopamine output is compromised within +/- BDNF mice. Synapse 43(2):112-117
53. Bartoletti A, Cancedda L, Reid SW, Tessarollo L, Porciatti V, Pizzorusso T, Maffei L (2002) Heterozygous knock-out mice for brain-derived neurotrophic factor show a pathway-specific impairment of long-term potentiation but normal critical period for monocular deprivation. J Neurosci Off J Soc Neurosci 22(23):10072-10077
54. Abidin I, Kohler T, Weiler E, Zoidl G, Eysel UT, Lessmann V, Mittmann T (2006) Reduced presynaptic efficiency of excitatory synaptic transmission impairs LTP in the visual cortex of BDNF-heterozygous mice. Eur J Neurosci 24(12):3519-3531
55. Liu IY, Lyons WE, Mamounas LA, Thompson RF (2004) Brain-derived neurotrophic factor plays a critical role in contextual fear conditioning. J Neurosci Off J Soc Neurosci 24(36):7958-7963
56. Abidin I, Eysel UT, Lessmann V, Mittmann T (2008) Impaired GABAergic inhibition in the visual cortex of brain-derived neurotrophic factor heterozygous knockout mice. J Physiol 586(7):1885-1901
57. Kunugi H, Ueki A, Otsuka M, Isse K, Hirasawa H, Kato N, Nabika T, Kobayashi S, Nanko S (2001) A novel polymorphism of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene associated with late-onset Alzheimer's disease. Mol Psychiatry 6(1):83-86
58. Tsai SJ, Hong CJ, Liu HC, Liu TY, Hsu LE, Lin CH (2004) Association analysis of brain-derived neurotrophic factor Val66Met polymorphisms with Alzheimer's disease and age of onset. Neuropsychobiology 49(1):10-12
59. Neves-Pereira M, Mundo E, Muglia P, King N, Macciardi F, Kennedy JL (2002) The brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene confers susceptibility to bipolar disorder: evidence from a family-based association study. Am J Hum Genet 71(3):651-655
60. Sklar P, Gabriel SB, McInnis MG, Bennett P, Lim Y, Tsan G, Schaffner S, Kirov G, Jones I, Owen M et al (2002) Family-based association study of 76 candidate genes in bipolar disorder: bDNF is a potential risk locus. Brain-derived neutrophic factor. Mol Psychiatry 7(6):579-593
61. Nakata K, Ujike H, Sakai A, Uchida N, Nomura A, Imamura T, Katsu T, Tanaka Y, Hamamura T, Kuroda S (2003) Association study of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene with bipolar disorder. Neurosci Lett 337(1):17-20
62. Hawi Z, Straub RE, O'Neill A, Kendler KS, Walsh D, Gill M (1998) No linkage or linkage disequilibrium between brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) dinucleotide repeat polymorphism and schizophrenia in Irish families. Psychiatry Res 81(2):111-116
63. Wassink TH, Nelson JJ, Crowe RR, Andreasen NC (1999) Heritability of BDNF alleles and their effect on brain morphology in schizophrenia. Am J Med Genet 88(6):724-728
64. Krebs MO, Guillin O, Bourdell MC, Schwartz JC, Olie JP, Poirier MF, Sokoloff P (2000) Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene variants association with age at onset and therapeutic response in schizophrenia. Mol Psychiatry 5(5):558-562
65. Nanko S, Kunugi H, Hirasawa H, Kato N, Nabika T, Kobayashi S (2003) Brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene and schizophrenia: polymorphism screening and association analysis. Schizophr Res 62(3):281-283
66. Ikeda Y, Yahata N, Ito I, Nagano M, Toyota T, Yoshikawa T, Okubo Y, Suzuki H (2008) Low serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and epidermal growth factor in patients with chronic schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 101(1-3):58-66
67. Karege F, Perret G, Bondolfi G, Schwald M, Bertschy G, Aubry JM (2002) Decreased serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in major depressed patients. Psychiatry Res 109(2):143-148
68. Calabrese F, Molteni R, Maj PF, Cattaneo A, Gennarelli M, Racagni G, Riva MA (2007) Chronic duloxetine treatment induces specific changes in the expression of BDNF transcripts and in the subcellular localization of the neurotrophin protein. Neuropsychopharmacol Off Publ Am Coll Neuropsychopharmacol 32(11):2351-2359
69. Yulug B, Ozan E, Gonul AS, Kilic E (2009) Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, stress and depression: a minireview. Brain Res Bull 78(6):267-269
70. Coull JA, Beggs S, Boudreau D, Boivin D, Tsuda M, Inoue K, Gravel C, Salter MW, De Koninck Y (2005) BDNF from microglia causes the shift in neuronal anion gradient underlying neuropathic pain. Nature 438(7070):1017-1021
71. Biggs JE, Lu VB, Stebbing MJ, Balasubramanyan S, Smith PA (2010) Is BDNF sufficient for information transfer between microglia and dorsal horn neurons during the onset of central sensitization? Mol Pain 6:44
72. Clow C, Jasmin BJ (2010) Brain-derived neurotrophic factor regulates satellite cell differentiation and skeltal muscle regeneration. Mol Biol Cell 21(13):2182-2190
73. Timmusk T, Palm K, Metsis M, Reintam T, Paalme V, Saarma M, Persson H (1993) Multiple promoters direct tissue-specific expression of the rat BDNF gene. Neuron 10(3):475-489
74. Lagos-Quintana M, Rauhut R, Yalcin A, Meyer J, Lendeckel W, Tuschl T (2002) Identification of tissue-specific microRNAs from mouse. Curr Biol CB 12(9):735-739
75. Sempere LF, Freemantle S, Pitha-Rowe I, Moss E, Dmitrovsky E, Ambros V (2004) Expression profiling of mammalian microRNAs uncovers a subset of brain-expressed microRNAs with possible roles in murine and human neuronal differentiation. Genome Biol 5(3):R13
76. Baskerville S, Bartel DP (2005) Microarray profiling of microRNAs reveals frequent coexpression with neighboring miRNAs and host genes. RNA 11(3):241-247
77. Brandenburger T, Grievink H, Heinen N, Barthel F, Huhn R, Stachuletz F, Kohns M, Pannen B, Bauer I (2014) Effects of remote ischemic preconditioning and myocardial ischemia on microRNA-1 expression in the rat heart in vivo. Shock 42(3):234-238
78. Kim HK, Lee YS, Sivaprasad U, Malhotra A, Dutta A (2006) Muscle-specific microRNA miR-206 promotes muscle differentiation. J Cell Biol 174(5):677-687
79. Radzikinas K, Aven L, Jiang Z, Tran T, Paez-Cortez J, Boppidi K, Lu J, Fine A, Ai X (2011) A Shh/miR-206/BDNF cascade coordinates innervation and formation of airway smooth muscle. J Neurosci Off J Soc Neurosci 31(43):15407-15415
80. Miura P, Amirouche A, Clow C, Belanger G, Jasmin BJ (2012) Brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression is repressed during myogenic differentiation by miR-206. J Neurochem 120(2):230-238
81. Lee ST, Chu K, Jung KH, Kim JH, Huh JY, Yoon H, Park DK, Lim JY, Kim JM, Jeon D et al (2012) miR-206 regulates brain-derived neurotrophic factor in Alzheimer disease model. Ann Neurol 72(2):269-277
82. Tian N, Cao Z, Zhang Y (2014) MiR-206 decreases brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Neurosci Bull 30(2):191-197
83. Tapocik JD, Barbier E, Flanigan M, Solomon M, Pincus A, Pilling A, Sun H, Schank JR, King C, Heilig M (2014) MicroRNA-206 in rat medial prefrontal cortex regulates BDNF expression and alcohol drinking. J Neurosci Off J Soc Neurosci 34(13):4581-4588
84. Nagpal N, Ahmad HM, Molparia B, Kulshreshtha R (2013) MicroRNA-191, an estrogen-responsive microRNA, functions as an oncogenic regulator in human breast cancer. Carcinogenesis 34(8):1889-1899
85. Xi Y, Formentini A, Chien M, Weir DB, Russo JJ, Ju J, Kornmann M (2006) Prognostic Values of microRNAs in Colorectal Cancer. Biomarker Insights 2:113-121
86. Volinia S, Calin GA, Liu CG, Ambs S, Cimmino A, Petrocca F, Visone R, Iorio M, Roldo C, Ferracin M et al (2006) A microRNA expression signature of human solid tumors defines cancer gene targets. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103(7):2257-2261
87. Brunetto de Farias C, Rosemberg DB, Heinen TE, Koehler-Santos P, Abujamra AL, Kapczinski F, Brunetto AL, Ashton-Prolla P, Meurer L, Reis Bogo M et al (2010) BDNF/TrkB content and interaction with gastrin-releasing peptide receptor blockade in colorectal cancer. Oncology 79(5-6):430-439
88. Huang YT, Lai PC, Wu CC, Hsu SH, Cheng CC, Lan YF, Chiu TH (2010) BDNF mediated TrkB activation is a survival signal for transitional cell carcinoma cells. Int J Oncol 36(6):1469-1476
89. Patani N, Jiang WG, Mokbel K (2011) Brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression predicts adverse pathological & clinical outcomes in human breast cancer. Cancer Cell Int 11(1):23
90. Kawamura N, Kawamura K, Manabe M, Tanaka T (2010) Inhibition of brain-derived neurotrophic factor/tyrosine kinase B signaling suppresses choriocarcinoma cell growth. Endocrinology 151(7):3006-3014
91. Sun CY, Hu Y, Huang J, Chu ZB, Zhang L, She XM, Chen L (2010) Brain-derived neurotrophic factor induces proliferation, migration, and VEGF secretion in human multiple myeloma cells via activation of MEK-ERK and PI3K/AKT signaling. Tumour Biol J Int Soc Oncodevelopmental Biol Med 31(2):121-128
92. Imam JS, Plyler JR, Bansal H, Prajapati S, Bansal S, Rebeles J, Chen HI, Chang YF, Panneerdoss S, Zoghi B et al (2012) Genomic loss of tumor suppressor miRNA-204 promotes cancer cell migration and invasion by activating AKT/mTOR/Rac1 signaling and actin reorganization. PLoS One 7(12):e52397
93. Fasanaro P, Greco S, Lorenzi M, Pescatori M, Brioschi M, Kulshreshtha R, Banfi C, Stubbs A, Calin GA, Ivan M et al (2009) An integrated approach for experimental target identification of hypoxia-induced miR-210. J Biol Chem 284(50):35134-35143
94. Friedman LM, Dror AA, Mor E, Tenne T, Toren G, Satoh T, Biesemeier DJ, Shomron N, Fekete DM, Hornstein E et al (2009) MicroRNAs are essential for development and function of inner ear hair cells in vertebrates. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 106(19):7915-7920
95. Muinos-Gimeno M, Espinosa-Parrilla Y, Guidi M, Kagerbauer B, Sipila T, Maron E, Pettai K, Kananen L, Navines R, Martin-Santos R et al (2011) Human microRNAs miR-22, miR-138-2, miR-148a, and miR-488 are associated with panic disorder and regulate several anxiety candidate genes and related pathways. Biol Psychiatry 69(6):526-533
96. Caputo V, Sinibaldi L, Fiorentino A, Parisi C, Catalanotto C, Pasini A, Cogoni C, Pizzuti A (2011) Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression is regulated by microRNAs miR-26a and miR-26b allele-specific binding. PLoS One 6(12):e28656
97. Mellios N, Huang HS, Grigorenko A, Rogaev E, Akbarian S (2008) A set of differentially expressed miRNAs, including miR-30a-5p, act as post-transcriptional inhibitors of BDNF in prefrontal cortex. Hum Mol Genet 17(19):3030-3042
98. Chandrasekar V, Dreyer JL (2009) MicroRNAs miR-124, let-7d and miR-181a regulate cocaine-induced plasticity. Mol Cell Neurosci 42(4):350-362
99. Li YJ, Xu M, Gao ZH, Wang YQ, Yue Z, Zhang YX, Li XX, Zhang C, Xie SY, Wang PY (2013) Alterations of serum levels of BDNF-related miRNAs in patients with depression. PLoS One 8(5):e63648
100. Pan Z, Guo Y, Qi H, Fan K, Wang S, Zhao H, Fan Y, Xie J, Guo F, Hou Y et al (2012) M3 subtype of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor promotes cardioprotection via the suppression of miR-376b-5p. PLoS One 7(3):e32571
101. Phillips HS, Hains JM, Armanini M, Laramee GR, Johnson SA, Winslow JW (1991) BDNF mRNA is decreased in the hippocampus of individuals with Alzheimer's disease. Neuron 7(5):695-702
102. Peng S, Wuu J, Mufson EJ, Fahnestock M (2005) Precursor form of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and mature brain-derived neurotrophic factor are decreased in the pre-clinical stages of Alzheimer's disease. J Neurochem 93(6):1412-1421
103. Arancibia S, Silhol M, Mouliere F, Meffre J, Hollinger I, Maurice T, Tapia-Arancibia L (2008) Protective effect of BDNF against beta-amyloid induced neurotoxicity in vitro and in vivo in rats. Neurobiol Dis 31(3):316-326
104. Nagahara AH, Merrill DA, Coppola G, Tsukada S, Schroeder BE, Shaked GM, Wang L, Blesch A, Kim A, Conner JM et al (2009) Neuroprotective effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in rodent and primate models of Alzheimer's disease. Nat Med 15(3):331-337
105. Hsiao K, Chapman P, Nilsen S, Eckman C, Harigaya Y, Younkin S, Yang F, Cole G (1996) Correlative memory deficits, Abeta elevation, and amyloid plaques in transgenic mice. Science 274(5284):99-102
106. Krutzfeldt J, Rajewsky N, Braich R, Rajeev KG, Tuschl T, Manoharan M, Stoffel M (2005) Silencing of microRNAs in vivo with 'antagomirs'. Nature 438(7068):685-689
107. Jimenez-Mateos EM, Engel T, Merino-Serrais P, McKiernan RC, Tanaka K, Mouri G, Sano T, O'Tuathaigh C, Waddington JL, Prenter S et al (2012) Silencing microRNA-134 produces neuroprotective and prolonged seizure-suppressive effects. Nat Med 18(7):1087-1094
108. O'Day E, Lal A (2010) MicroRNAs and their target gene networks in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res BCR 12(2):201
109. Wang X, Ling C, Bai Y, Zhao J (2011) MicroRNA-206 is associated with invasion and metastasis of lung cancer. Anat Rec 294(1):88-92
110. Ren J, Huang HJ, Gong Y, Yue S, Tang LM, Cheng SY (2014) MicroRNA-206 suppresses gastric cancer cell growth and metastasis. Cell Biosci 4:26
111. Yang X, Yang Q, Wang X, Luo C, Wan Y, Li J, Liu K, Zhou M, Zhang C (2014) MicroRNA expression profile and functional analysis reveal that miR-206 is a critical novel gene for the expression of BDNF induced by ketamine. Neuromolecular Med 16(3):594-605