메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 25, Issue 1, 2015, Pages 37-45

Novel therapeutic approaches in multiple system atrophy

Author keywords

Neurotrophic factors; Oligodendroglia; Parkinsonian disorders; Therapeutics; Synuclein

Indexed keywords

ALPHA SYNUCLEIN; ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; NEUROPROTECTIVE AGENT;

EID: 84939874293     PISSN: 09599851     EISSN: 16191560     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10286-014-0249-7     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (14)

References (102)
  • 1
    • 84876332892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The natural history of multiple system atrophy: a prospective European cohort study
    • PID: 23391524
    • Wenning GK, Geser F, Krismer F et al (2013) The natural history of multiple system atrophy: a prospective European cohort study. Lancet Neurol 12(3):264–274
    • (2013) Lancet Neurol , vol.12 , Issue.3 , pp. 264-274
    • Wenning, G.K.1    Geser, F.2    Krismer, F.3
  • 2
    • 84901332049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebellar and parkinsonian phenotypes in multiple system atrophy: similarities, differences and survival
    • PID: 24337696
    • Roncevic D, Palma JA, Martinez J, Goulding N, Norcliffe-Kaufmann L, Kaufmann H (2013) Cerebellar and parkinsonian phenotypes in multiple system atrophy: similarities, differences and survival. J Neural Transm 121(5):507–512
    • (2013) J Neural Transm , vol.121 , Issue.5 , pp. 507-512
    • Roncevic, D.1    Palma, J.A.2    Martinez, J.3    Goulding, N.4    Norcliffe-Kaufmann, L.5    Kaufmann, H.6
  • 3
    • 0036241996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progression and prognosis in multiple system atrophy: an analysis of 230 Japanese patients
    • PID: 11960896
    • Watanabe H, Saito Y, Terao S et al (2002) Progression and prognosis in multiple system atrophy: an analysis of 230 Japanese patients. Brain 125(Pt 5):1070–1083
    • (2002) Brain , vol.125 , pp. 1070-1083
    • Watanabe, H.1    Saito, Y.2    Terao, S.3
  • 4
    • 78349241725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presentation, diagnosis, and management of multiple system atrophy in Europe: final analysis of the European multiple system atrophy registry
    • PID: 20922810
    • Kollensperger M, Geser F, Ndayisaba JP et al (2010) Presentation, diagnosis, and management of multiple system atrophy in Europe: final analysis of the European multiple system atrophy registry. Mov Disord 25(15):2604–2612
    • (2010) Mov Disord , vol.25 , Issue.15 , pp. 2604-2612
    • Kollensperger, M.1    Geser, F.2    Ndayisaba, J.P.3
  • 5
    • 0028985267 scopus 로고
    • The precursor protein of non-A beta component of Alzheimer’s disease amyloid is a presynaptic protein of the central nervous system
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXjvFejsLY%3D, PID: 7857654
    • Iwai A, Masliah E, Yoshimoto M et al (1995) The precursor protein of non-A beta component of Alzheimer’s disease amyloid is a presynaptic protein of the central nervous system. Neuron 14(2):467–475
    • (1995) Neuron , vol.14 , Issue.2 , pp. 467-475
    • Iwai, A.1    Masliah, E.2    Yoshimoto, M.3
  • 6
    • 0028277520 scopus 로고
    • Identification of two distinct synucleins from human brain
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXlslehtb4%3D, PID: 8194594
    • Jakes R, Spillantini MG, Goedert M (1994) Identification of two distinct synucleins from human brain. FEBS Lett 345(1):27–32
    • (1994) FEBS Lett , vol.345 , Issue.1 , pp. 27-32
    • Jakes, R.1    Spillantini, M.G.2    Goedert, M.3
  • 7
    • 0035066885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct binding and functional coupling of alpha-synuclein to the dopamine transporters accelerate dopamine-induced apoptosis
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXivFOrt7g%3D, PID: 11292651
    • Lee FJ, Liu F, Pristupa ZB, Niznik HB (2001) Direct binding and functional coupling of alpha-synuclein to the dopamine transporters accelerate dopamine-induced apoptosis. FASEB J 15(6):916–926
    • (2001) FASEB J , vol.15 , Issue.6 , pp. 916-926
    • Lee, F.J.1    Liu, F.2    Pristupa, Z.B.3    Niznik, H.B.4
  • 8
    • 84878994255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Properties of native brain alpha-synuclein
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXptlGnsLw%3D, PID: 23765500, (discussion E6-7)
    • Burre J, Vivona S, Diao J, Sharma M, Brunger AT, Sudhof TC (2013) Properties of native brain alpha-synuclein. Nature 498(7453):E4–E6 (discussion E6-7)
    • (2013) Nature , vol.498 , Issue.7453 , pp. E4-E6
    • Burre, J.1    Vivona, S.2    Diao, J.3    Sharma, M.4    Brunger, A.T.5    Sudhof, T.C.6
  • 9
    • 80052398365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alpha-Synuclein occurs physiologically as a helically folded tetramer that resists aggregation
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXhtFWku7nM, PID: 21841800
    • Bartels T, Choi JG, Selkoe DJ (2011) Alpha-Synuclein occurs physiologically as a helically folded tetramer that resists aggregation. Nature 477(7362):107–110
    • (2011) Nature , vol.477 , Issue.7362 , pp. 107-110
    • Bartels, T.1    Choi, J.G.2    Selkoe, D.J.3
  • 10
    • 0032546895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alpha-synuclein immunoreactivity in glial cytoplasmic inclusions in multiple system atrophy
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXjvVWisLg%3D, PID: 9682846
    • Wakabayashi K, Yoshimoto M, Tsuji S, Takahashi H (1998) Alpha-synuclein immunoreactivity in glial cytoplasmic inclusions in multiple system atrophy. Neurosci Lett 249(2–3):180–182
    • (1998) Neurosci Lett , vol.249 , Issue.2-3 , pp. 180-182
    • Wakabayashi, K.1    Yoshimoto, M.2    Tsuji, S.3    Takahashi, H.4
  • 11
    • 0031713491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glial cytoplasmic inclusions in white matter oligodendrocytes of multiple system atrophy brains contain insoluble alpha-synuclein
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXmtFKls7w%3D, PID: 9749615
    • Tu PH, Galvin JE, Baba M et al (1998) Glial cytoplasmic inclusions in white matter oligodendrocytes of multiple system atrophy brains contain insoluble alpha-synuclein. Ann Neurol 44(3):415–422
    • (1998) Ann Neurol , vol.44 , Issue.3 , pp. 415-422
    • Tu, P.H.1    Galvin, J.E.2    Baba, M.3
  • 12
    • 74249111692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain alpha-synuclein accumulation in multiple system atrophy, Parkinson’s disease and progressive supranuclear palsy: a comparative investigation
    • PID: 19903734
    • Tong J, Wong H, Guttman M et al (2010) Brain alpha-synuclein accumulation in multiple system atrophy, Parkinson’s disease and progressive supranuclear palsy: a comparative investigation. Brain 133(Pt 1):172–188
    • (2010) Brain , vol.133 , pp. 172-188
    • Tong, J.1    Wong, H.2    Guttman, M.3
  • 13
    • 33746108503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular pathology in multiple system atrophy
    • PID: 16961071
    • Wakabayashi K, Takahashi H (2006) Cellular pathology in multiple system atrophy. Neuropathology 26(4):338–345
    • (2006) Neuropathology , vol.26 , Issue.4 , pp. 338-345
    • Wakabayashi, K.1    Takahashi, H.2
  • 14
    • 34648813113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple system atrophy: alpha-synuclein and neuronal degeneration
    • PID: 18018485
    • Yoshida M (2007) Multiple system atrophy: alpha-synuclein and neuronal degeneration. Neuropathology 27(5):484–493
    • (2007) Neuropathology , vol.27 , Issue.5 , pp. 484-493
    • Yoshida, M.1
  • 15
    • 14644417871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative stress in transgenic mice with oligodendroglial alpha-synuclein overexpression replicates the characteristic neuropathology of multiple system atrophy
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXivVOmsb0%3D, PID: 15743798
    • Stefanova N, Reindl M, Neumann M et al (2005) Oxidative stress in transgenic mice with oligodendroglial alpha-synuclein overexpression replicates the characteristic neuropathology of multiple system atrophy. Am J Pathol 166(3):869–876
    • (2005) Am J Pathol , vol.166 , Issue.3 , pp. 869-876
    • Stefanova, N.1    Reindl, M.2    Neumann, M.3
  • 16
    • 27744455451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Absence of alpha-synuclein mRNA expression in normal and multiple system atrophy oligodendroglia
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXht1Skt7fI, PID: 16284907
    • Miller DW, Johnson JM, Solano SM, Hollingsworth ZR, Standaert DG, Young AB (2005) Absence of alpha-synuclein mRNA expression in normal and multiple system atrophy oligodendroglia. J Neural Transm 112(12):1613–1624
    • (2005) J Neural Transm , vol.112 , Issue.12 , pp. 1613-1624
    • Miller, D.W.1    Johnson, J.M.2    Solano, S.M.3    Hollingsworth, Z.R.4    Standaert, D.G.5    Young, A.B.6
  • 17
    • 0034890258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of the expression level of alpha-synuclein mRNA using postmortem brain samples from pathologically confirmed cases of multiple system atrophy
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXlslGksLk%3D, PID: 11563635
    • Ozawa T, Okuizumi K, Ikeuchi T, Wakabayashi K, Takahashi H, Tsuji S (2001) Analysis of the expression level of alpha-synuclein mRNA using postmortem brain samples from pathologically confirmed cases of multiple system atrophy. Acta Neuropathol 102(2):188–190
    • (2001) Acta Neuropathol , vol.102 , Issue.2 , pp. 188-190
    • Ozawa, T.1    Okuizumi, K.2    Ikeuchi, T.3    Wakabayashi, K.4    Takahashi, H.5    Tsuji, S.6
  • 18
    • 40749094842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Origins and effects of extracellular alpha-synuclein: implications in Parkinson’s disease
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXitFWrtLo%3D, PID: 18157654
    • Lee SJ (2008) Origins and effects of extracellular alpha-synuclein: implications in Parkinson’s disease. J Mol Neurosci 34(1):17–22
    • (2008) J Mol Neurosci , vol.34 , Issue.1 , pp. 17-22
    • Lee, S.J.1
  • 19
    • 0031947943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuropathology of fetal nigral grafts in patients with Parkinson’s disease
    • PID: 9613724
    • Kordower JH, Freeman TB, Olanow CW (1998) Neuropathology of fetal nigral grafts in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Mov Disord 13(Suppl 1):88–95
    • (1998) Mov Disord , vol.13 , pp. 88-95
    • Kordower, J.H.1    Freeman, T.B.2    Olanow, C.W.3
  • 20
    • 44749083979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assembly-dependent endocytosis and clearance of extracellular alpha-synuclein
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXnsF2mtrk%3D, PID: 18291704
    • Lee HJ, Suk JE, Bae EJ, Lee JH, Paik SR, Lee SJ (2008) Assembly-dependent endocytosis and clearance of extracellular alpha-synuclein. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 40(9):1835–1849
    • (2008) Int J Biochem Cell Biol , vol.40 , Issue.9 , pp. 1835-1849
    • Lee, H.J.1    Suk, J.E.2    Bae, E.J.3    Lee, J.H.4    Paik, S.R.5    Lee, S.J.6
  • 21
    • 84858441755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of alpha-synuclein penetration into the membrane in the mechanisms of oligomer pore formation
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XkslSksLg%3D, PID: 22251432
    • Tsigelny IF, Sharikov Y, Wrasidlo W et al (2012) Role of alpha-synuclein penetration into the membrane in the mechanisms of oligomer pore formation. FEBS J 279(6):1000–1013
    • (2012) FEBS J , vol.279 , Issue.6 , pp. 1000-1013
    • Tsigelny, I.F.1    Sharikov, Y.2    Wrasidlo, W.3
  • 22
    • 84893858665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extracellular alpha-synuclein-a novel and crucial factor in Lewy body diseases
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXhs1Cmurw%3D, PID: 24468877
    • Lee HJ, Bae EJ, Lee SJ (2014) Extracellular alpha-synuclein-a novel and crucial factor in Lewy body diseases. Nat Rev Neurol 10(2):92–98
    • (2014) Nat Rev Neurol , vol.10 , Issue.2 , pp. 92-98
    • Lee, H.J.1    Bae, E.J.2    Lee, S.J.3
  • 23
    • 69149089854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inclusion formation and neuronal cell death through neuron-to-neuron transmission of alpha-synuclein
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhtVKru7%2FM, PID: 19651612
    • Desplats P, Lee HJ, Bae EJ et al (2009) Inclusion formation and neuronal cell death through neuron-to-neuron transmission of alpha-synuclein. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 106(31):13010–13015
    • (2009) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.106 , Issue.31 , pp. 13010-13015
    • Desplats, P.1    Lee, H.J.2    Bae, E.J.3
  • 24
    • 77950571596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct transfer of alpha-synuclein from neuron to astroglia causes inflammatory responses in synucleinopathies
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXjtFShtLk%3D, PID: 20071342
    • Lee HJ, Suk JE, Patrick C et al (2010) Direct transfer of alpha-synuclein from neuron to astroglia causes inflammatory responses in synucleinopathies. J Biol Chem 285(12):9262–9272
    • (2010) J Biol Chem , vol.285 , Issue.12 , pp. 9262-9272
    • Lee, H.J.1    Suk, J.E.2    Patrick, C.3
  • 25
    • 79551519276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alpha-Synuclein propagates from mouse brain to grafted dopaminergic neurons and seeds aggregation in cultured human cells
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXhsl2qsro%3D, PID: 21245577
    • Hansen C, Angot E, Bergstrom AL et al (2011) Alpha-Synuclein propagates from mouse brain to grafted dopaminergic neurons and seeds aggregation in cultured human cells. J Clin Invest 121(2):715–725
    • (2011) J Clin Invest , vol.121 , Issue.2 , pp. 715-725
    • Hansen, C.1    Angot, E.2    Bergstrom, A.L.3
  • 26
    • 84876057762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prion-like spreading of pathological alpha-synuclein in brain
    • PID: 23466394
    • Masuda-Suzukake M, Nonaka T, Hosokawa M et al (2013) Prion-like spreading of pathological alpha-synuclein in brain. Brain 136(Pt 4):1128–1138
    • (2013) Brain , vol.136 , pp. 1128-1138
    • Masuda-Suzukake, M.1    Nonaka, T.2    Hosokawa, M.3
  • 27
    • 84888349390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transmission of multiple system atrophy prions to transgenic mice
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhvFemurnM, PID: 24218576
    • Watts JC, Giles K, Oehler A et al (2013) Transmission of multiple system atrophy prions to transgenic mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 110(48):19555–19560
    • (2013) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.110 , Issue.48 , pp. 19555-19560
    • Watts, J.C.1    Giles, K.2    Oehler, A.3
  • 28
    • 84875506970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidation and nitration of alpha-synuclein and their implications in neurodegenerative diseases
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXmt1CltbY%3D, PID: 23454347
    • Chavarria C, Souza JM (2013) Oxidation and nitration of alpha-synuclein and their implications in neurodegenerative diseases. Arch Biochem Biophys 533(1–2):25–32
    • (2013) Arch Biochem Biophys , vol.533 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 25-32
    • Chavarria, C.1    Souza, J.M.2
  • 29
    • 0034602442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative damage linked to neurodegeneration by selective alpha-synuclein nitration in synucleinopathy lesions
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXnvVWkurY%3D, PID: 11062131
    • Giasson BI, Duda JE, Murray IV et al (2000) Oxidative damage linked to neurodegeneration by selective alpha-synuclein nitration in synucleinopathy lesions. Science 290(5493):985–989
    • (2000) Science , vol.290 , Issue.5493 , pp. 985-989
    • Giasson, B.I.1    Duda, J.E.2    Murray, I.V.3
  • 30
    • 70449478417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial inhibitor 3-nitropropionic acid enhances oxidative modification of alpha-synuclein in a transgenic mouse model of multiple system atrophy
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXoslOns74%3D, PID: 19405128
    • Ubhi K, Lee PH, Adame A et al (2009) Mitochondrial inhibitor 3-nitropropionic acid enhances oxidative modification of alpha-synuclein in a transgenic mouse model of multiple system atrophy. J Neurosci Res 87(12):2728–2739
    • (2009) J Neurosci Res , vol.87 , Issue.12 , pp. 2728-2739
    • Ubhi, K.1    Lee, P.H.2    Adame, A.3
  • 31
    • 0032951487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple system atrophy: the putative causative role of environmental toxins
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK1M7itVKnsw%3D%3D, PID: 9923766
    • Hanna PA, Jankovic J, Kirkpatrick JB (1999) Multiple system atrophy: the putative causative role of environmental toxins. Arch Neurol 56(1):90–94
    • (1999) Arch Neurol , vol.56 , Issue.1 , pp. 90-94
    • Hanna, P.A.1    Jankovic, J.2    Kirkpatrick, J.B.3
  • 32
    • 52649084153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Associations between multiple system atrophy and polymorphisms of SLC1A4, SQSTM1, and EIF4EBP1 genes
    • PID: 18442140
    • Soma H, Yabe I, Takei A, Fujiki N, Yanagihara T, Sasaki H (2008) Associations between multiple system atrophy and polymorphisms of SLC1A4, SQSTM1, and EIF4EBP1 genes. Mov Disord 23(8):1161–1167
    • (2008) Mov Disord , vol.23 , Issue.8 , pp. 1161-1167
    • Soma, H.1    Yabe, I.2    Takei, A.3    Fujiki, N.4    Yanagihara, T.5    Sasaki, H.6
  • 33
    • 84861460972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myeloperoxidase inhibition ameliorates multiple system atrophy-like degeneration in a transgenic mouse model
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38Xjs1Clt74%3D, PID: 22161470
    • Stefanova N, Georgievska B, Eriksson H, Poewe W, Wenning GK (2012) Myeloperoxidase inhibition ameliorates multiple system atrophy-like degeneration in a transgenic mouse model. Neurotox Res 21(4):393–404
    • (2012) Neurotox Res , vol.21 , Issue.4 , pp. 393-404
    • Stefanova, N.1    Georgievska, B.2    Eriksson, H.3    Poewe, W.4    Wenning, G.K.5
  • 34
    • 20044383388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • p25alpha Stimulates alpha-synuclein aggregation and is co-localized with aggregated alpha-synuclein in alpha-synucleinopathies
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtlClsb4%3D, PID: 15590652
    • Lindersson E, Lundvig D, Petersen C et al (2005) p25alpha Stimulates alpha-synuclein aggregation and is co-localized with aggregated alpha-synuclein in alpha-synucleinopathies. J Biol Chem 280(7):5703–5715
    • (2005) J Biol Chem , vol.280 , Issue.7 , pp. 5703-5715
    • Lindersson, E.1    Lundvig, D.2    Petersen, C.3
  • 35
    • 35348909482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • p25alpha relocalizes in oligodendroglia from myelin to cytoplasmic inclusions in multiple system atrophy
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXht1SmtrzP, PID: 17823288
    • Song YJ, Lundvig DM, Huang Y et al (2007) p25alpha relocalizes in oligodendroglia from myelin to cytoplasmic inclusions in multiple system atrophy. Am J Pathol 171(4):1291–1303
    • (2007) Am J Pathol , vol.171 , Issue.4 , pp. 1291-1303
    • Song, Y.J.1    Lundvig, D.M.2    Huang, Y.3
  • 36
    • 78649634791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of TPPP/p25 on alpha-synuclein-mediated oligodendroglial degeneration and the protective effect of SIRT2 inhibition in a cellular model of multiple system atrophy
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXhsVygsLvF, PID: 20849899
    • Hasegawa T, Baba T, Kobayashi M et al (2010) Role of TPPP/p25 on alpha-synuclein-mediated oligodendroglial degeneration and the protective effect of SIRT2 inhibition in a cellular model of multiple system atrophy. Neurochem Int 57(8):857–866
    • (2010) Neurochem Int , vol.57 , Issue.8 , pp. 857-866
    • Hasegawa, T.1    Baba, T.2    Kobayashi, M.3
  • 37
    • 65349138168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microtubule depolymerization suppresses alpha-synuclein accumulation in a mouse model of multiple system atrophy
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXksVOku74%3D, PID: 19286568
    • Nakayama K, Suzuki Y, Yazawa I (2009) Microtubule depolymerization suppresses alpha-synuclein accumulation in a mouse model of multiple system atrophy. Am J Pathol 174(4):1471–1480
    • (2009) Am J Pathol , vol.174 , Issue.4 , pp. 1471-1480
    • Nakayama, K.1    Suzuki, Y.2    Yazawa, I.3
  • 38
    • 62149092613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The expression of tubulin polymerization promoting protein TPPP/p25alpha is developmentally regulated in cultured rat brain oligodendrocytes and affected by proteolytic stress
    • PID: 18563798
    • Goldbaum O, Jensen PH, Richter-Landsberg C (2008) The expression of tubulin polymerization promoting protein TPPP/p25alpha is developmentally regulated in cultured rat brain oligodendrocytes and affected by proteolytic stress. Glia 56(16):1736–1746
    • (2008) Glia , vol.56 , Issue.16 , pp. 1736-1746
    • Goldbaum, O.1    Jensen, P.H.2    Richter-Landsberg, C.3
  • 39
    • 84862762387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemic proteasome inhibition triggers neurodegeneration in a transgenic mouse model expressing human alpha-synuclein under oligodendrocyte promoter: implications for multiple system atrophy
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XovFarsrw%3D, PID: 22491959
    • Stefanova N, Kaufmann WA, Humpel C, Poewe W, Wenning GK (2012) Systemic proteasome inhibition triggers neurodegeneration in a transgenic mouse model expressing human alpha-synuclein under oligodendrocyte promoter: implications for multiple system atrophy. Acta Neuropathol 124(1):51–65
    • (2012) Acta Neuropathol , vol.124 , Issue.1 , pp. 51-65
    • Stefanova, N.1    Kaufmann, W.A.2    Humpel, C.3    Poewe, W.4    Wenning, G.K.5
  • 40
    • 84864200035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oligodendroglia metabolically support axons and contribute to neurodegeneration
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XhtFWjsb3F, PID: 22801498
    • Lee Y, Morrison BM, Li Y et al (2012) Oligodendroglia metabolically support axons and contribute to neurodegeneration. Nature 487(7408):443–448
    • (2012) Nature , vol.487 , Issue.7408 , pp. 443-448
    • Lee, Y.1    Morrison, B.M.2    Li, Y.3
  • 41
    • 0033933915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor-like immunoreactivity in the cerebella of normal subjects and patients with multiple system atrophy
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXmtFKisLo%3D, PID: 10963359
    • Kawamoto Y, Nakamura S, Matsuo A, Akiguchi I (2000) Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor-like immunoreactivity in the cerebella of normal subjects and patients with multiple system atrophy. Acta Neuropathol 100(2):131–137
    • (2000) Acta Neuropathol , vol.100 , Issue.2 , pp. 131-137
    • Kawamoto, Y.1    Nakamura, S.2    Matsuo, A.3    Akiguchi, I.4
  • 42
    • 77958553537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurodegeneration in a transgenic mouse model of multiple system atrophy is associated with altered expression of oligodendroglial-derived neurotrophic factors
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXovVWmsLg%3D, PID: 20445049
    • Ubhi K, Rockenstein E, Mante M et al (2010) Neurodegeneration in a transgenic mouse model of multiple system atrophy is associated with altered expression of oligodendroglial-derived neurotrophic factors. J Neurosci 30(18):6236–6246
    • (2010) J Neurosci , vol.30 , Issue.18 , pp. 6236-6246
    • Ubhi, K.1    Rockenstein, E.2    Mante, M.3
  • 43
    • 34248174912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • System xc- and glutamate transporter inhibition mediates microglial toxicity to oligodendrocytes
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXksl2ms70%3D, PID: 17475885
    • Domercq M, Sanchez-Gomez MV, Sherwin C, Etxebarria E, Fern R, Matute C (2007) System xc- and glutamate transporter inhibition mediates microglial toxicity to oligodendrocytes. J Immunol 178(10):6549–6556
    • (2007) J Immunol , vol.178 , Issue.10 , pp. 6549-6556
    • Domercq, M.1    Sanchez-Gomez, M.V.2    Sherwin, C.3    Etxebarria, E.4    Fern, R.5    Matute, C.6
  • 45
    • 36949032824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microglial activation mediates neurodegeneration related to oligodendroglial alpha-synucleinopathy: implications for multiple system atrophy
    • PID: 17853477
    • Stefanova N, Reindl M, Neumann M, Kahle PJ, Poewe W, Wenning GK (2007) Microglial activation mediates neurodegeneration related to oligodendroglial alpha-synucleinopathy: implications for multiple system atrophy. Mov Disord 22(15):2196–2203
    • (2007) Mov Disord , vol.22 , Issue.15 , pp. 2196-2203
    • Stefanova, N.1    Reindl, M.2    Neumann, M.3    Kahle, P.J.4    Poewe, W.5    Wenning, G.K.6
  • 46
    • 0041334004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • [11C](R)-PK11195 PET imaging of microglial activation in multiple system atrophy
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3svitlagtg%3D%3D, PID: 12963764
    • Gerhard A, Banati RB, Goerres GB et al (2003) [11C](R)-PK11195 PET imaging of microglial activation in multiple system atrophy. Neurology 61(5):686–689
    • (2003) Neurology , vol.61 , Issue.5 , pp. 686-689
    • Gerhard, A.1    Banati, R.B.2    Goerres, G.B.3
  • 47
    • 22244436645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Riluzole improves motor deficits and attenuates loss of striatal neurons in a sequential double lesion rat model of striatonigral degeneration (Parkinson variant of multiple system atrophy)
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXmtVSgu7w%3D, PID: 15583958
    • Scherfler C, Sather T, Diguet E et al (2005) Riluzole improves motor deficits and attenuates loss of striatal neurons in a sequential double lesion rat model of striatonigral degeneration (Parkinson variant of multiple system atrophy). J Neural Transm 112(8):1025–1033
    • (2005) J Neural Transm , vol.112 , Issue.8 , pp. 1025-1033
    • Scherfler, C.1    Sather, T.2    Diguet, E.3
  • 49
    • 0342471747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid ischemic cell death in immature oligodendrocytes: a fatal glutamate release feedback loop
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXhtF2itb0%3D, PID: 10627578
    • Fern R, Moller T (2000) Rapid ischemic cell death in immature oligodendrocytes: a fatal glutamate release feedback loop. J Neurosci 20(1):34–42
    • (2000) J Neurosci , vol.20 , Issue.1 , pp. 34-42
    • Fern, R.1    Moller, T.2
  • 50
    • 33750370244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurotransmitter-mediated calcium signalling in oligodendrocyte physiology and pathology
    • PID: 17006895
    • Butt AM (2006) Neurotransmitter-mediated calcium signalling in oligodendrocyte physiology and pathology. Glia 54(7):666–675
    • (2006) Glia , vol.54 , Issue.7 , pp. 666-675
    • Butt, A.M.1
  • 51
    • 22244470745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peroxynitrite generated by inducible nitric oxide synthase and NADPH oxidase mediates microglial toxicity to oligodendrocytes
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXmsFaqsr8%3D, PID: 15998743
    • Li J, Baud O, Vartanian T, Volpe JJ, Rosenberg PA (2005) Peroxynitrite generated by inducible nitric oxide synthase and NADPH oxidase mediates microglial toxicity to oligodendrocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 102(28):9936–9941
    • (2005) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.102 , Issue.28 , pp. 9936-9941
    • Li, J.1    Baud, O.2    Vartanian, T.3    Volpe, J.J.4    Rosenberg, P.A.5
  • 52
    • 84864915936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Suppression of dynamin GTPase decreases alpha-synuclein uptake by neuronal and oligodendroglial cells: a potent therapeutic target for synucleinopathy
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XhvVSiurvF, PID: 22892036
    • Konno M, Hasegawa T, Baba T et al (2012) Suppression of dynamin GTPase decreases alpha-synuclein uptake by neuronal and oligodendroglial cells: a potent therapeutic target for synucleinopathy. Mol Neurodegener 7:38
    • (2012) Mol Neurodegener , vol.7 , pp. 38
    • Konno, M.1    Hasegawa, T.2    Baba, T.3
  • 53
    • 33748778742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paroxetine treatment improves motor symptoms in patients with multiple system atrophy
    • PID: 16769235
    • Friess E, Kuempfel T, Modell S et al (2006) Paroxetine treatment improves motor symptoms in patients with multiple system atrophy. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 12(7):432–437
    • (2006) Parkinsonism Relat Disord , vol.12 , Issue.7 , pp. 432-437
    • Friess, E.1    Kuempfel, T.2    Modell, S.3
  • 54
    • 84862667396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maintaining glottic opening in multiple system atrophy: efficacy of serotonergic therapy
    • PID: 22517540
    • Ozawa T, Sekiya K, Sekine Y et al (2012) Maintaining glottic opening in multiple system atrophy: efficacy of serotonergic therapy. Mov Disord 27(7):919–921
    • (2012) Mov Disord , vol.27 , Issue.7 , pp. 919-921
    • Ozawa, T.1    Sekiya, K.2    Sekine, Y.3
  • 55
    • 52649175462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rifampicin reduces alpha-synuclein in a transgenic mouse model of multiple system atrophy
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhtVyntbnN, PID: 18695506
    • Ubhi K, Rockenstein E, Mante M et al (2008) Rifampicin reduces alpha-synuclein in a transgenic mouse model of multiple system atrophy. NeuroReport 19(13):1271–1276
    • (2008) NeuroReport , vol.19 , Issue.13 , pp. 1271-1276
    • Ubhi, K.1    Rockenstein, E.2    Mante, M.3
  • 56
    • 84856246279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Binding of neuronal alpha-synuclein to beta-III tubulin and accumulation in a model of multiple system atrophy
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38Xhs1Ghtbs%3D, PID: 22227187
    • Nakayama K, Suzuki Y, Yazawa I (2012) Binding of neuronal alpha-synuclein to beta-III tubulin and accumulation in a model of multiple system atrophy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 417(4):1170–1175
    • (2012) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.417 , Issue.4 , pp. 1170-1175
    • Nakayama, K.1    Suzuki, Y.2    Yazawa, I.3
  • 57
    • 84894277080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of rifampicin for multiple system atrophy: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXhvV2gtrs%3D, PID: 24507091
    • Low PA, Robertson D, Gilman S et al (2014) Efficacy and safety of rifampicin for multiple system atrophy: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Neurol 13(3):268–275
    • (2014) Lancet Neurol , vol.13 , Issue.3 , pp. 268-275
    • Low, P.A.1    Robertson, D.2    Gilman, S.3
  • 58
    • 84878834518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized clinical trial of lithium in multiple system atrophy
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXit1yntL8%3D, PID: 22932748
    • Sacca F, Marsili A, Quarantelli M et al (2013) A randomized clinical trial of lithium in multiple system atrophy. J Neurol 260(2):458–461
    • (2013) J Neurol , vol.260 , Issue.2 , pp. 458-461
    • Sacca, F.1    Marsili, A.2    Quarantelli, M.3
  • 59
    • 38649099389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have potent anti-fibrillogenic and fibril-destabilizing effects for alpha-synuclein fibrils in vitro
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhsVSgtLw%3D, PID: 18164319
    • Hirohata M, Ono K, Morinaga A, Yamada M (2008) Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have potent anti-fibrillogenic and fibril-destabilizing effects for alpha-synuclein fibrils in vitro. Neuropharmacology 54(3):620–627
    • (2008) Neuropharmacology , vol.54 , Issue.3 , pp. 620-627
    • Hirohata, M.1    Ono, K.2    Morinaga, A.3    Yamada, M.4
  • 60
    • 9444229299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A strategy for designing inhibitors of alpha-synuclein aggregation and toxicity as a novel treatment for Parkinson’s disease and related disorders
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXmsVSlt7c%3D, PID: 15180968
    • El-Agnaf OM, Paleologou KE, Greer B et al (2004) A strategy for designing inhibitors of alpha-synuclein aggregation and toxicity as a novel treatment for Parkinson’s disease and related disorders. FASEB J 18(11):1315–1317
    • (2004) FASEB J , vol.18 , Issue.11 , pp. 1315-1317
    • El-Agnaf, O.M.1    Paleologou, K.E.2    Greer, B.3
  • 61
    • 68549139858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • beta-Sheet-breaking peptides inhibit the fibrillation of human alpha-synuclein
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhtVSntr%2FF, PID: 19622344
    • Kim YS, Lim D, Kim JY, Kang SJ, Kim YH, Im H (2009) beta-Sheet-breaking peptides inhibit the fibrillation of human alpha-synuclein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 387(4):682–687
    • (2009) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.387 , Issue.4 , pp. 682-687
    • Kim, Y.S.1    Lim, D.2    Kim, J.Y.3    Kang, S.J.4    Kim, Y.H.5    Im, H.6
  • 62
    • 78649757873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibiting alpha-synuclein oligomerization by stable cell-penetrating beta-synuclein fragments recovers phenotype of Parkinson’s disease model flies
    • PID: 21085664
    • Shaltiel-Karyo R, Frenkel-Pinter M, Egoz-Matia N et al (2010) Inhibiting alpha-synuclein oligomerization by stable cell-penetrating beta-synuclein fragments recovers phenotype of Parkinson’s disease model flies. PLoS ONE 5(11):e13863
    • (2010) PLoS ONE , vol.5 , Issue.11 , pp. e13863
    • Shaltiel-Karyo, R.1    Frenkel-Pinter, M.2    Egoz-Matia, N.3
  • 63
    • 33749170166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cytosolic catechols inhibit alpha-synuclein aggregation and facilitate the formation of intracellular soluble oligomeric intermediates
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XhtVOmtLfM, PID: 17005870
    • Mazzulli JR, Mishizen AJ, Giasson BI et al (2006) Cytosolic catechols inhibit alpha-synuclein aggregation and facilitate the formation of intracellular soluble oligomeric intermediates. J Neurosci 26(39):10068–10078
    • (2006) J Neurosci , vol.26 , Issue.39 , pp. 10068-10078
    • Mazzulli, J.R.1    Mishizen, A.J.2    Giasson, B.I.3
  • 64
    • 84879052027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A blood–brain barrier (BBB) disrupter is also a potent alpha-synuclein (alpha-syn) aggregation inhibitor: a novel dual mechanism of mannitol for the treatment of Parkinson disease (PD)
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXpsFagtL4%3D, PID: 23637226
    • Shaltiel-Karyo R, Frenkel-Pinter M, Rockenstein E et al (2013) A blood–brain barrier (BBB) disrupter is also a potent alpha-synuclein (alpha-syn) aggregation inhibitor: a novel dual mechanism of mannitol for the treatment of Parkinson disease (PD). J Biol Chem 288(24):17579–17588
    • (2013) J Biol Chem , vol.288 , Issue.24 , pp. 17579-17588
    • Shaltiel-Karyo, R.1    Frenkel-Pinter, M.2    Rockenstein, E.3
  • 65
    • 77952087072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Entacapone and tolcapone, two catechol O-methyltransferase inhibitors, block fibril formation of alpha-synuclein and beta-amyloid and protect against amyloid-induced toxicity
    • PID: 20150427
    • Di Giovanni S, Eleuteri S, Paleologou KE et al (2010) Entacapone and tolcapone, two catechol O-methyltransferase inhibitors, block fibril formation of alpha-synuclein and beta-amyloid and protect against amyloid-induced toxicity. J Biol Chem 285(20):14941–14954
    • (2010) J Biol Chem , vol.285 , Issue.20 , pp. 14941-14954
    • Di Giovanni, S.1    Eleuteri, S.2    Paleologou, K.E.3
  • 66
    • 84863442695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential inhibition of alpha-synuclein oligomeric and fibrillar assembly in Parkinson’s disease model by cinnamon extract
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XhtVymtr7E, PID: 22575665
    • Shaltiel-Karyo R, Davidi D, Frenkel-Pinter M, Ovadia M, Segal D, Gazit E (2012) Differential inhibition of alpha-synuclein oligomeric and fibrillar assembly in Parkinson’s disease model by cinnamon extract. Biochim Biophys Acta 1820(10):1628–1635
    • (2012) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.1820 , Issue.10 , pp. 1628-1635
    • Shaltiel-Karyo, R.1    Davidi, D.2    Frenkel-Pinter, M.3    Ovadia, M.4    Segal, D.5    Gazit, E.6
  • 67
    • 84874936030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of alpha-synuclein fibrillization by ring-fused 2-pyridones: templation and inhibition involve oligomers with different structure
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXks1Smtr4%3D, PID: 23399432
    • Horvath I, Sellstedt M, Weise C et al (2013) Modulation of alpha-synuclein fibrillization by ring-fused 2-pyridones: templation and inhibition involve oligomers with different structure. Arch Biochem Biophys 532(2):84–90
    • (2013) Arch Biochem Biophys , vol.532 , Issue.2 , pp. 84-90
    • Horvath, I.1    Sellstedt, M.2    Weise, C.3
  • 68
    • 77955570062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glutamate receptors, neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXntlGns7o%3D, PID: 20229265
    • Lau A, Tymianski M (2010) Glutamate receptors, neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration. Pflugers Arch 460(2):525–542
    • (2010) Pflugers Arch , vol.460 , Issue.2 , pp. 525-542
    • Lau, A.1    Tymianski, M.2
  • 69
    • 77953503937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Riluzole, neuroprotection and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Cheah BC, Vucic S, Krishnan AV, Kiernan MC (2010) Riluzole, neuroprotection and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Curr Med Chem 17(18):1942–1199
    • (2010) Curr Med Chem , vol.17 , Issue.18 , pp. 1942-1199
    • Cheah, B.C.1    Vucic, S.2    Krishnan, A.V.3    Kiernan, M.C.4
  • 70
    • 58849122658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Riluzole treatment, survival and diagnostic criteria in Parkinson plus disorders: the NNIPPS study
    • PID: 19029129
    • Bensimon G, Ludolph A, Agid Y et al (2009) Riluzole treatment, survival and diagnostic criteria in Parkinson plus disorders: the NNIPPS study. Brain 132(Pt 1):156–171
    • (2009) Brain , vol.132 , pp. 156-171
    • Bensimon, G.1    Ludolph, A.2    Agid, Y.3
  • 71
    • 84859299181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • G-protein-coupled receptor 30 mediates rapid neuroprotective effects of estrogen via depression of NR2B-containing NMDA receptors
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XlsFKkurg%3D, PID: 22492045
    • Liu SB, Zhang N, Guo YY et al (2012) G-protein-coupled receptor 30 mediates rapid neuroprotective effects of estrogen via depression of NR2B-containing NMDA receptors. J Neurosci 32(14):4887–4900
    • (2012) J Neurosci , vol.32 , Issue.14 , pp. 4887-4900
    • Liu, S.B.1    Zhang, N.2    Guo, Y.Y.3
  • 72
    • 45849109168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The efficacy of combined estrogen and buspirone treatment in olivopontocerebellar atrophy
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXotlKqsbc%3D, PID: 18466925
    • Heo JH, Lee ST, Chu K, Kim M (2008) The efficacy of combined estrogen and buspirone treatment in olivopontocerebellar atrophy. J Neurol Sci 271(1–2):87–90
    • (2008) J Neurol Sci , vol.271 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 87-90
    • Heo, J.H.1    Lee, S.T.2    Chu, K.3    Kim, M.4
  • 73
    • 33645219363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of kainate receptors sensitizes oligodendrocytes to complement attack
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XjsVCltrk%3D, PID: 16554473
    • Alberdi E, Sanchez-Gomez MV, Torre I et al (2006) Activation of kainate receptors sensitizes oligodendrocytes to complement attack. J Neurosci 26(12):3220–3228
    • (2006) J Neurosci , vol.26 , Issue.12 , pp. 3220-3228
    • Alberdi, E.1    Sanchez-Gomez, M.V.2    Torre, I.3
  • 74
    • 35649027386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • White matter NMDA receptors: an unexpected new therapeutic target?
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXht1KgsL3F, PID: 17961731
    • Stys PK, Lipton SA (2007) White matter NMDA receptors: an unexpected new therapeutic target? Trends Pharmacol Sci 28(11):561–566
    • (2007) Trends Pharmacol Sci , vol.28 , Issue.11 , pp. 561-566
    • Stys, P.K.1    Lipton, S.A.2
  • 75
    • 58149149347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • P2X7 receptors in oligodendrocytes: a novel target for neuroprotection
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXht1eqtbnO, PID: 18704769
    • Matute C (2008) P2X7 receptors in oligodendrocytes: a novel target for neuroprotection. Mol Neurobiol 38(2):123–128
    • (2008) Mol Neurobiol , vol.38 , Issue.2 , pp. 123-128
    • Matute, C.1
  • 76
    • 70349456475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A double-blind, delayed-start trial of rasagiline in Parkinson’s disease
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXht1Wjt7rK, PID: 19776408
    • Olanow CW, Rascol O, Hauser R et al (2009) A double-blind, delayed-start trial of rasagiline in Parkinson’s disease. N Engl J Med 361(13):1268–1278
    • (2009) N Engl J Med , vol.361 , Issue.13 , pp. 1268-1278
    • Olanow, C.W.1    Rascol, O.2    Hauser, R.3
  • 77
    • 81955167502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Explaining ADAGIO: a critical review of the biological basis for the clinical effects of rasagiline
    • PID: 21953831
    • Jenner P, Langston JW (2011) Explaining ADAGIO: a critical review of the biological basis for the clinical effects of rasagiline. Mov Disord 26(13):2316–2323
    • (2011) Mov Disord , vol.26 , Issue.13 , pp. 2316-2323
    • Jenner, P.1    Langston, J.W.2
  • 78
    • 41149124377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rasagiline is neuroprotective in a transgenic model of multiple system atrophy
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXksVKrsr0%3D, PID: 18222424
    • Stefanova N, Poewe W, Wenning GK (2008) Rasagiline is neuroprotective in a transgenic model of multiple system atrophy. Exp Neurol 210(2):421–427
    • (2008) Exp Neurol , vol.210 , Issue.2 , pp. 421-427
    • Stefanova, N.1    Poewe, W.2    Wenning, G.K.3
  • 79
    • 84939919133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00977665
    • ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00977665
  • 80
    • 34447105342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and tolerability of growth hormone therapy in multiple system atrophy: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study
    • PID: 17469198
    • Holmberg B, Johansson JO, Poewe W et al (2007) Safety and tolerability of growth hormone therapy in multiple system atrophy: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Mov Disord 22(8):1138–1144
    • (2007) Mov Disord , vol.22 , Issue.8 , pp. 1138-1144
    • Holmberg, B.1    Johansson, J.O.2    Poewe, W.3
  • 81
    • 84858157780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluoxetine ameliorates behavioral and neuropathological deficits in a transgenic model mouse of alpha-synucleinopathy
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38Xjs1GmtLw%3D, PID: 22281106
    • Ubhi K, Inglis C, Mante M et al (2012) Fluoxetine ameliorates behavioral and neuropathological deficits in a transgenic model mouse of alpha-synucleinopathy. Exp Neurol 234(2):405–416
    • (2012) Exp Neurol , vol.234 , Issue.2 , pp. 405-416
    • Ubhi, K.1    Inglis, C.2    Mante, M.3
  • 82
    • 84863337793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluoxetine protects neurons against microglial activation-mediated neurotoxicity
    • PID: 22166439
    • Zhang F, Zhou H, Wilson BC, Shi JS, Hong JS, Gao HM (2012) Fluoxetine protects neurons against microglial activation-mediated neurotoxicity. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 18(Suppl 1):S213–S217
    • (2012) Parkinsonism Relat Disord , vol.18 , pp. S213-S217
    • Zhang, F.1    Zhou, H.2    Wilson, B.C.3    Shi, J.S.4    Hong, J.S.5    Gao, H.M.6
  • 83
    • 84855278236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluoxetine rescues impaired hippocampal neurogenesis in a transgenic A53T synuclein mouse model
    • PID: 22211740
    • Kohl Z, Winner B, Ubhi K et al (2012) Fluoxetine rescues impaired hippocampal neurogenesis in a transgenic A53T synuclein mouse model. Eur J Neurosci 35(1):10–19
    • (2012) Eur J Neurosci , vol.35 , Issue.1 , pp. 10-19
    • Kohl, Z.1    Winner, B.2    Ubhi, K.3
  • 84
    • 84939919134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01146548
    • ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01146548
  • 85
    • 3042769428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Specific induction of neuronal cells from bone marrow stromal cells and application for autologous transplantation
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXkvFyjsLY%3D, PID: 15199405
    • Dezawa M, Kanno H, Hoshino M et al (2004) Specific induction of neuronal cells from bone marrow stromal cells and application for autologous transplantation. J Clin Invest 113(12):1701–1710
    • (2004) J Clin Invest , vol.113 , Issue.12 , pp. 1701-1710
    • Dezawa, M.1    Kanno, H.2    Hoshino, M.3
  • 86
    • 33746424373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mesenchymal stem cells as trophic mediators
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XnsVyjtL0%3D, PID: 16619257
    • Caplan AI, Dennis JE (2006) Mesenchymal stem cells as trophic mediators. J Cell Biochem 98(5):1076–1084
    • (2006) J Cell Biochem , vol.98 , Issue.5 , pp. 1076-1084
    • Caplan, A.I.1    Dennis, J.E.2
  • 87
    • 80051780265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotective effect of human mesenchymal stem cells in an animal model of double toxin-induced multiple system atrophy Parkinsonism
    • Park HJ, Bang G, Lee BR, Kim HO, Lee PH (2011) Neuroprotective effect of human mesenchymal stem cells in an animal model of double toxin-induced multiple system atrophy Parkinsonism. Cell Transpl 20(6):827–835
    • (2011) Cell Transpl , vol.20 , Issue.6 , pp. 827-835
    • Park, H.J.1    Bang, G.2    Lee, B.R.3    Kim, H.O.4    Lee, P.H.5
  • 88
    • 79956227192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mesenchymal stem cells in a transgenic mouse model of multiple system atrophy: immunomodulation and neuroprotection
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXms1Knsr0%3D, PID: 21625635
    • Stemberger S, Jamnig A, Stefanova N, Lepperdinger G, Reindl M, Wenning GK (2011) Mesenchymal stem cells in a transgenic mouse model of multiple system atrophy: immunomodulation and neuroprotection. PLoS ONE 6(5):e19808
    • (2011) PLoS ONE , vol.6 , Issue.5 , pp. e19808
    • Stemberger, S.1    Jamnig, A.2    Stefanova, N.3    Lepperdinger, G.4    Reindl, M.5    Wenning, G.K.6
  • 89
    • 42349097728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autologous mesenchymal stem cell therapy delays the progression of neurological deficits in patients with multiple system atrophy
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD1c3mtVOnsg%3D%3D, PID: 17898702
    • Lee PH, Kim JW, Bang OY, Ahn YH, Joo IS, Huh K (2008) Autologous mesenchymal stem cell therapy delays the progression of neurological deficits in patients with multiple system atrophy. Clin Pharmacol Ther 83(5):723–730
    • (2008) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.83 , Issue.5 , pp. 723-730
    • Lee, P.H.1    Kim, J.W.2    Bang, O.Y.3    Ahn, Y.H.4    Joo, I.S.5    Huh, K.6
  • 90
    • 42349114021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are trials of intravascular infusions of autologous mesenchymal stem cells in patients with multiple system atrophy currently justified, and are they effective?
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD1c3mtlyitw%3D%3D, PID: 18425088
    • Quinn N, Barker RA, Wenning GK (2008) Are trials of intravascular infusions of autologous mesenchymal stem cells in patients with multiple system atrophy currently justified, and are they effective? Clin Pharmacol Ther 83(5):663–665
    • (2008) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.83 , Issue.5 , pp. 663-665
    • Quinn, N.1    Barker, R.A.2    Wenning, G.K.3
  • 91
    • 84864488997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial of mesenchymal stem cells in multiple system atrophy
    • PID: 22829267
    • Lee PH, Lee JE, Kim HS et al (2012) A randomized trial of mesenchymal stem cells in multiple system atrophy. Ann Neurol 72(1):32–40
    • (2012) Ann Neurol , vol.72 , Issue.1 , pp. 32-40
    • Lee, P.H.1    Lee, J.E.2    Kim, H.S.3
  • 92
    • 84864444679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are trials of intravascular infusions of autologous mesenchymal stem cells in patients with multiple system atrophy currently justified, and are they effective?
    • PID: 22829263
    • Low PA, Gilman S (2012) Are trials of intravascular infusions of autologous mesenchymal stem cells in patients with multiple system atrophy currently justified, and are they effective? Ann Neurol 72(1):4–5
    • (2012) Ann Neurol , vol.72 , Issue.1 , pp. 4-5
    • Low, P.A.1    Gilman, S.2
  • 93
    • 84884507439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microglia: multiple roles in surveillance, circuit shaping, and response to injury
    • PID: 23946308
    • Benarroch EE (2013) Microglia: multiple roles in surveillance, circuit shaping, and response to injury. Neurology 81(12):1079–1088
    • (2013) Neurology , vol.81 , Issue.12 , pp. 1079-1088
    • Benarroch, E.E.1
  • 94
    • 34248392684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microglial activation and its implications in the brain diseases
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXltFejsro%3D, PID: 17504139
    • Dheen ST, Kaur C, Ling EA (2007) Microglial activation and its implications in the brain diseases. Curr Med Chem 14(11):1189–1197
    • (2007) Curr Med Chem , vol.14 , Issue.11 , pp. 1189-1197
    • Dheen, S.T.1    Kaur, C.2    Ling, E.A.3
  • 95
    • 34447540331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minocycline down-regulates MHC II expression in microglia and macrophages through inhibition of IRF-1 and protein kinase C (PKC)alpha/betaII
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXltFels7c%3D, PID: 17395590
    • Nikodemova M, Watters JJ, Jackson SJ, Yang SK, Duncan ID (2007) Minocycline down-regulates MHC II expression in microglia and macrophages through inhibition of IRF-1 and protein kinase C (PKC)alpha/betaII. J Biol Chem 282(20):15208–15216
    • (2007) J Biol Chem , vol.282 , Issue.20 , pp. 15208-15216
    • Nikodemova, M.1    Watters, J.J.2    Jackson, S.J.3    Yang, S.K.4    Duncan, I.D.5
  • 96
    • 75749146196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minocycline 1-year therapy in multiple-system-atrophy: effect on clinical symptoms and [(11)C] (R)-PK11195 PET (MEMSA-trial)
    • PID: 20014118
    • Dodel R, Spottke A, Gerhard A et al (2010) Minocycline 1-year therapy in multiple-system-atrophy: effect on clinical symptoms and [(11)C] (R)-PK11195 PET (MEMSA-trial). Mov Disord 25(1):97–107
    • (2010) Mov Disord , vol.25 , Issue.1 , pp. 97-107
    • Dodel, R.1    Spottke, A.2    Gerhard, A.3
  • 97
    • 84860815645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence-based guideline: intravenous immunoglobulin in the treatment of neuromuscular disorders: report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XkvVWkurY%3D, PID: 22454268
    • Patwa HS, Chaudhry V, Katzberg H, Rae-Grant AD, So YT (2012) Evidence-based guideline: intravenous immunoglobulin in the treatment of neuromuscular disorders: report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology 78(13):1009–1015
    • (2012) Neurology , vol.78 , Issue.13 , pp. 1009-1015
    • Patwa, H.S.1    Chaudhry, V.2    Katzberg, H.3    Rae-Grant, A.D.4    So, Y.T.5
  • 98
    • 84872650739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of multiple system atrophy using intravenous immunoglobulin
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXitFKhsLw%3D, PID: 23116538
    • Novak P, Williams A, Ravin P, Zurkiya O, Abduljalil A, Novak V (2012) Treatment of multiple system atrophy using intravenous immunoglobulin. BMC Neurol 12:131
    • (2012) BMC Neurol , vol.12 , pp. 131
    • Novak, P.1    Williams, A.2    Ravin, P.3    Zurkiya, O.4    Abduljalil, A.5    Novak, V.6
  • 99
    • 77955759369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Specific antibodies to soluble alpha-synuclein conformations in intravenous immunoglobulin preparations
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXhtFOku7zM, PID: 20646004
    • Patrias LM, Klaver AC, Coffey MP, Loeffler DA (2010) Specific antibodies to soluble alpha-synuclein conformations in intravenous immunoglobulin preparations. Clin Exp Immunol 161(3):527–535
    • (2010) Clin Exp Immunol , vol.161 , Issue.3 , pp. 527-535
    • Patrias, L.M.1    Klaver, A.C.2    Coffey, M.P.3    Loeffler, D.A.4
  • 100
    • 79955757052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Passive immunization reduces behavioral and neuropathological deficits in an alpha-synuclein transgenic model of Lewy body disease
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXls1Kktbs%3D, PID: 21559417
    • Masliah E, Rockenstein E, Mante M et al (2011) Passive immunization reduces behavioral and neuropathological deficits in an alpha-synuclein transgenic model of Lewy body disease. PLoS ONE 6(4):e19338
    • (2011) PLoS ONE , vol.6 , Issue.4 , pp. e19338
    • Masliah, E.1    Rockenstein, E.2    Mante, M.3
  • 101
    • 84866679781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibody-aided clearance of extracellular alpha-synuclein prevents cell-to-cell aggregate transmission
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XhsVKhsrzK, PID: 23015436
    • Bae EJ, Lee HJ, Rockenstein E et al (2012) Antibody-aided clearance of extracellular alpha-synuclein prevents cell-to-cell aggregate transmission. J Neurosci 32(39):13454–13469
    • (2012) J Neurosci , vol.32 , Issue.39 , pp. 13454-13469
    • Bae, E.J.1    Lee, H.J.2    Rockenstein, E.3
  • 102
    • 84939919135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accessed May 17 2014
    • http://www.sympath-project.eu/. Accessed May 17 2014


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.