Bipolar disorder and antibodies against the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor: A gate to the involvement of autoimmunity in the pathophysiology of bipolar illness

Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews

Volumn 55, Issue , 2015, Pages 403-412

  Leon Caballero J ^a,b   Pacchiarotti, I ^a   Murru, A ^a   Valenti M ^a   Colom, F ^a   Benach, B ^a   Perez V ^b   Dalmau, J ^c,d   Vieta, E ^a  

^a INSTITUT D INVESTIGACIONS BIOMÈDIQUES AUGUST PI I SUNYER IDIBAPS   (Spain)

^b UNIVERSITAT AUTÒNOMA DE BARCELONA   (Spain)

^c UNIVERSITY OF BARCELONA   (Spain)

^d UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Antibodies; Autoimmunity; Bipolar disorder; Depression; Encephalitis; Mania; N Methyl d Aspartate receptor

Indexed keywords

AUTOANTIBODY; N METHYL DEXTRO ASPARTIC ACID ANTIBODY; N METHYL DEXTRO ASPARTIC ACID RECEPTOR; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ANTI N METHYL D ASPARTATE RECEPTOR ENCEPHALITIS; AUTOIMMUNITY; BIPOLAR DEPRESSION; BIPOLAR DISORDER; BIPOLAR MANIA; CLINICAL FEATURE; DIAGNOSTIC TEST; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; HUMAN; IMMUNOPATHOGENESIS; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; TREATMENT OUTCOME; ANIMAL; COMPLICATION; FEMALE; IMMUNOLOGY; MALE; METABOLISM;

ANIMALS; ANTI-N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE RECEPTOR ENCEPHALITIS; AUTOANTIBODIES; AUTOIMMUNITY; BIPOLAR DISORDER; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE;

EID: 84930936263     PISSN: 01497634     EISSN: 18737528     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.05.012     Document Type: Review

References (123)

1. Aan Het Rot M., Zarate C.A., Charney D.S., Mathew S.J. Ketamine for depression: where do we go from here?. Biol. Psychiatry 2012, 72:537-547. 10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.05.003.
2. Altamura C.A., Mauri M.C., Ferrara A., Moro A.R., D'Andrea G., Zamberlan F. Plasma and platelet excitatory amino acids in psychiatric disorders. Am. J. Psychiatry 1993, 150:1731-1733.
3. Anand A., Gunn A.D., Barkay G., Karne H.S., Nurnberger J.I., Mathew S.J., Ghosh S. Early antidepressant effect of memantine during augmentation of lamotrigine inadequate response in bipolar depression: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Bipolar Disord. 2012, 14:64-70. 10.1111/j.1399-5618.2011.00971.x.
4. Anwyl R. Metabotropic glutamate receptors: electrophysiological properties and role in plasticity. Brain Res. Brain Res. Rev. 1999, 29:83-120.
5. Armangue T., Leypoldt F., Málaga I., Raspall-Chaure M., Marti I., Nichter C., Pugh J., Vicente-Rasoamalala M., Lafuente-Hidalgo M., Macaya A., Ke M., Titulaer M.J., Höftberger R., Sheriff H., Glaser C., Dalmau J. Herpes simplex virus encephalitis is a trigger of brain autoimmunity. Ann. Neurol. 2014, 75:317-323. 10.1002/ana.24083.
6. Arnsten A., Manji H. Mania: a rational neurobiology. Future Neurol. 2008, 3:125-131. 10.2217/14796708.3.2.125.
7. Avramopoulos D., Lasseter V.K., Fallin M.D., Wolyniec P.S., McGrath J.A., Nestadt G., Valle D., Pulver A.E. Stage II follow-up on a linkage scan for bipolar disorder in the Ashkenazim provides suggestive evidence for chromosome 12p and the GRIN2B gene. Genet. Med. 2007, 9:745-751. DOI 10.1097GIM.0b013e318159a37c.
8. Basselin M., Chang L., Bell J.M., Rapoport S.I. Chronic lithium chloride administration attenuates brain NMDA receptor-initiated signaling via arachidonic acid in unanesthetized rats. Neuropsychopharmacology 2006, 31:1659-1674. 10.1038/sj.npp.1300920.
9. Bauer I.E., Pascoe M.C., Wollenhaupt-Aguiar B., Kapczinski F., Soares J.C. Inflammatory mediators of cognitive impairment in bipolar disorder. J. Psychiatr. Res. 2014, 56:18-27. 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2014.04.017.
10. Beneyto M., Kristiansen L.V., Oni-Orisan A., McCullumsmith R.E., Meador-Woodruff J.H. Abnormal glutamate receptor expression in the medial temporal lobe in schizophrenia and mood disorders. Neuropsychopharmacology 2007, 32:1888-1902. 10.1038/sj.npp.1301312.
11. Benros M.E., Eaton W.W., Mortensen P.B. The epidemiologic evidence linking autoimmune diseases and psychosis. Biol. Psychiatry 2014, 75:300-306. 10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.09.023.
12. Benros M.E., Waltoft B.L., Nordentoft M., Ostergaard S.D., Eaton W.W., Krogh J., Mortensen P.B. Autoimmune diseases and severe infections as risk factors for mood disorders: a nationwide study. J. AM. MED. ASSOC. Psychiatry 2013, 70:812-820. 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.1111.
13. Berk M., Kapczinski F., Andreazza A.C., Dean O.M., Giorlando F., Maes M., Yücel M., Gama C.S., Dodd S., Dean B., Magalhães P.V.S., Amminger P., McGorry P., Malhi G.S. Pathways underlying neuroprogression in bipolar disorder: focus on inflammation, oxidative stress and neurotrophic factors. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 2011, 35:804-817. 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2010.10.001.
14. Berman R.M., Cappiello A., Anand A., Oren D.A., Heninger G.R., Charney D.S., Krystal J.H. Antidepressant effects of ketamine in depressed patients. Biol. Psychiatry 2000, 47:351-354.
15. Bocchetta A., Tamburini G., Cavolina P., Serra A., Loviselli A., Piga M. Affective psychosis, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and brain perfusion abnormalities: case report. Clin. Pract. Epidemiol. Ment. Health 2007, 3:31. 10.1186/1745-0179-3-31.
16. Calabrese B., Halpain S. Lithium prevents aberrant NMDA-induced F-actin reorganization in neurons. Neuroreport 2014, 25:1331-1337. 10.1097/WNR.0000000000000268.
17. Canelo-Aybar C., Loja-Oropeza D., Cuadra-Urteaga J., Romani-Romani F. Hashimoto's encephalopathy presenting with neurocognitive symptoms: a case report. J. Med. Case Rep. 2010, 4:337. 10.1186/1752-1947-4-337.
18. Carta M.G., Moro M.F., Lorefice L., Trincas G., Cocco E., Del Giudice E., Fenu G., Colom F., Marrosu M.G. The risk of bipolar disorders in multiple sclerosis. J. Affect. Disord. 2014, 155:255-260. 10.1016/j.jad.2013.11.008.
19. Carta M.G., Sorbello O., Moro M.F., Bhat K.M., Demelia E., Serra A., Mura G., Sancassiani F., Piga M., Demelia L. Bipolar disorders and Wilson's disease. BMC Psychiatry 2012, 12:52. 10.1186/1471-244X-12-52.
20. Castillo M., Kwock L., Courvoisie H., Hooper S.R. Proton MR spectroscopy in children with bipolar affective disorder: preliminary observations. AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol. 2000, 21:832-838.
21. Catalá-López F., Gènova-Maleras R., Vieta E., Tabarés-Seisdedos R. The increasing burden of mental and neurological disorders. Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2013, 23:1337-1339. 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2013.04.001.
22. Chapman M.R., Vause H.E. Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis: diagnosis, psychiatric presentation, and treatment. Am. J. Psychiatry 2011, 168:245-251. 10.1176/appi.ajp.2010.10020181.
23. Chiba Y., Katsuse O., Takahashi Y., Yoneda M., Kunii M., Ihata A., Ueda A., Takeno M., Togo T., Hirayasu Y. Anti-glutamate receptor e{open}2 antibodies in psychiatric patients with anti-thyroid autoantibodies-a prevalence study in Japan. Neurosci. Lett. 2013, 534:217-222. 10.1016/j.neulet.2012.10.060.
24. Corlett P.R., Honey G.D., Krystal J.H., Fletcher P.C. Glutamatergic model psychoses: prediction error, learning, and inference. Neuropsychopharmacology 2011, 36:294-315. 10.1038/npp.2010.163.
25. Cunha A.B.M., Frey B.N., Andreazza A.C., Goi J.D., Rosa A.R., Gonçalves C.A., Santin A., Kapczinski F. Serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor is decreased in bipolar disorder during depressive and manic episodes. Neurosci. Lett. 2006, 398:215-219. 10.1016/j.neulet.2005.12.085.
26. Dager S.R., Friedman S.D., Parow A., Demopulos C., Stoll A.L., Lyoo I.K., Dunner D.L., Renshaw P.F. Brain metabolic alterations in medication-free patients with bipolar disorder. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 2004, 61:450-458. 10.1001/archpsyc.61.5.450.
27. Dalmau J., Gleichman A.J., Hughes E.G., Rossi J.E., Peng X., Lai M., Dessain S.K., Rosenfeld M.R., Balice-Gordon R., Lynch D.R. Anti-NMDA-receptor encephalitis: case series and analysis of the effects of antibodies. Lancet. Neurol. 2008, 7:1091-1098. 10.1016/S1474-4422(08)70224-2.
28. Dalmau J., Lancaster E., Martinez-Hernandez E., Rosenfeld M.R., Balice-Gordon R. Clinical experience and laboratory investigations in patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis. Lancet Neurol. 2011, 10:63-74. 10.1016/S1474-4422(10)70253-2.
29. DeGiorgio L.A., Konstantinov K.N., Lee S.C., Hardin J.A., Volpe B.T., Diamond B. A subset of lupus anti-DNA antibodies cross-reacts with the NR2 glutamate receptor in systemic lupus erythematosus. Nat. Med. 2001, 7:1189-1193. 10.1038/nm1101-1189.
30. Diazgranados N., Ibrahim L., Brutsche N.E., Newberg A., Kronstein P., Khalife S., Kammerer W.A., Quezado Z., Luckenbaugh D.A., Salvadore G., Machado-Vieira R., Manji H.K., Zarate C.A. A randomized add-on trial of an N-methyl-d-aspartate antagonist in treatment-resistant bipolar depression. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 2010, 67:793-802. 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.90.
31. Dickerson F., Stallings C., Vaughan C., Origoni A., Khushalani S., Yolken R. Antibodies to the glutamate receptor in mania. Bipolar Disord. 2012, 14:547-553. 10.1111/j.1399-5618.2012.01028.x.
32. Duman R.S., Li N., Liu R.-J., Duric V., Aghajanian G. Signaling pathways underlying the rapid antidepressant actions of ketamine. Neuropharmacology 2012, 62:35-41. 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.08.044.
33. Eaton W.W., Pedersen M.G., Nielsen P.R., Mortensen P.B. Autoimmune diseases, bipolar disorder, and non-affective psychosis. Bipolar Disord. 2010, 12:638-646. 10.1111/j.1399-5618.2010.00853.x.
34. Fagiolini A., Forgione R., Maccari M., Cuomo A., Morana B., Dell'Osso M.C., Pellegrini F., Rossi A. Prevalence, chronicity, burden and borders of bipolar disorder. J. Affect. Disord. 2013, 148:161-169. 10.1016/j.jad.2013.02.001.
35. Florance N.R., Davis R.L., Lam C., Szperka C., Zhou L., Ahmad S., Campen C.J., Moss H., Peter N., Gleichman A.J., Glaser C.A., Lynch D.R., Rosenfeld M.R., Dalmau J. Anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis in children and adolescents. Ann. Neurol. 2009, 66:11-18. 10.1002/ana.21756.
36. Fountoulakis K.N. The possible involvement of NMDA glutamate receptor in the etiopathogenesis of bipolar disorder. Curr. Pharm. Des. 2012, 18:1605-1608.
37. Frye M.A., Thomas M.A., Yue K., Binesh N., Davanzo P., Ventura J., O'Neill J., Guze B., Curran J.G., Mintz J. Reduced concentrations of N-acetylaspartate (NAA) and the NAA-creatine ratio in the basal ganglia in bipolar disorder: a study using 3-Tesla proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Psychiatry Res. 2007, 154:259-265. 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2006.11.003.
38. Frye M.A., Tsai G.E., Huggins T., Coyle J.T., Post R.M. Low cerebrospinal fluid glutamate and glycine in refractory affective disorder. Biol. Psychiatry 2007, 61:162-166. 10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.01.024.
39. Furukawa H., Singh S.K., Mancusso R., Gouaux E. Subunit arrangement and function in NMDA receptors. Nature 2005, 438:185-192. 10.1038/nature04089.
40. Gable M.S., Sheriff H., Dalmau J., Tilley D.H., Glaser C.A. The frequency of autoimmune N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis surpasses that of individual viral etiologies in young individuals enrolled in the California Encephalitis Project. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2012, 54:899-904. 10.1093/cid/cir1038.
41. Ghasemi M., Phillips C., Trillo L., De Miguel Z., Das D., Salehi A. The role of NMDA receptors in the pathophysiology and treatment of mood disorders. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 2014, 47C:336-358. 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.08.017.
42. Gitlin M. Treatment-resistant bipolar disorder. Mol. Psychiatry 2006, 11:227-240. 10.1038/sj.mp.4001793.
43. Grande I., Magalhães P.V., Chendo I., Stertz L., Panizutti B., Colpo G.D., Rosa A.R., Gama C.S., Kapczinski F., Vieta E. Staging bipolar disorder: clinical, biochemical, and functional correlates. Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 2014, 129:437-444. 10.1111/acps.12268.
44. Granerod J., Ambrose H.E., Davies N.W., Clewley J.P., Walsh A.L., Morgan D., Cunningham R., Zuckerman M., Mutton K.J., Solomon T., Ward K.N., Lunn M.P., Irani S.R., Vincent A., Brown D.W., Crowcroft N.S. Causes of encephalitis and differences in their clinical presentations in England: a multicentre, population-based prospective study. Lancet. Infect. Dis. 2010, 10:835-844. 10.1016/S1473-3099(10)70222-X.
45. Gresa-Arribas N., Titulaer M.J., Torrents A., Aguilar E., McCracken L., Leypoldt F., Gleichman A.J., Balice-Gordon R., Rosenfeld M.R., Lynch D., Graus F., Dalmau J. Antibody titres at diagnosis and during follow-up of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis: a retrospective study. Lancet. Neurol. 2014, 13:167-177. 10.1016/S1474-4422(13)70282-5.
46. Hahn C.G., Friedman E. Abnormalities in protein kinase C signaling and the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord. 1999, 1:81-86.
47. Hamdani N., Doukhan R., Kurtlucan O., Tamouza R., Leboyer M. Immunity, inflammation, and bipolar disorder: diagnostic and therapeutic implications. Curr. Psychiatry Rep. 2013, 15:387. 10.1007/s11920-013-0387-y.
48. Hammer C., Stepniak B., Schneider A., Papiol S., Tantra M., Begemann M., Sirén A.-L., Pardo L.A., Sperling S., Mohd Jofrry S., Gurvich A., Jensen N., Ostmeier K., Lühder F., Probst C., Martens H., Gillis M., Saher G., Assogna F., Spalletta G., Stöcker W., Schulz T.F., Nave K.-A., Ehrenreich H. Neuropsychiatric disease relevance of circulating anti-NMDA receptor autoantibodies depends on blood-brain barrier integrity. Mol. Psychiatry 2014, 19:1143-1149. 10.1038/mp.2013.110.
49. Hashimoto K., Sawa A., Iyo M. Increased levels of glutamate in brains from patients with mood disorders. Biol. Psychiatry 2007, 62:1310-1316. 10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.03.017.
50. Haussleiter I.S., Emons B., Schaub M., Borowski K., Brüne M., Wandinger K.-P., Juckel G. Investigation of antibodies against synaptic proteins in a cross-sectional cohort of psychotic patients. Schizophr. Res. 2012, 140:258-259. 10.1016/j.schres.2012.05.006.
51. Hoekstra R., Fekkes D., Loonen A.J.M., Pepplinkhuizen L., Tuinier S., Verhoeven W.M.A. Bipolar mania and plasma amino acids: increased levels of glycine. Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2006, 16:71-77. 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2005.06.003.
52. Huang C.-C., Wei I.-H., Huang C.-L., Chen K.-T., Tsai M.-H., Tsai P., Tun R., Huang K.-H., Chang Y.-C., Lane H.-Y., Tsai G.E. Inhibition of glycine transporter-I as a novel mechanism for the treatment of depression. Biol. Psychiatry 2013, 74:734-741. 10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.02.020.
53. Hughes E.G., Peng X., Gleichman A.J., Lai M., Zhou L., Tsou R., Parsons T.D., Lynch D.R., Dalmau J., Balice-Gordon R.J. Cellular and synaptic mechanisms of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. J. Neurosci. 2010, 30:5866-5875. 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0167-10.2010.
54. Irani S.R., Bera K., Waters P., Zuliani L., Maxwell S., Zandi M.S., Friese M.A., Galea I., Kullmann D.M., Beeson D., Lang B., Bien C.G., Vincent A. N-methyl-d-aspartate antibody encephalitis: temporal progression of clinical and paraclinical observations in a predominantly non-paraneoplastic disorder of both sexes. Brain 2010, 133:1655-1667. 10.1093/brain/awq113.
55. Itokawa M., Yamada K., Iwayama-Shigeno Y., Ishitsuka Y., Detera-Wadleigh S., Yoshikawa T. Genetic analysis of a functional GRIN2A promoter (GT)n repeat in bipolar disorder pedigrees in humans. Neurosci. Lett. 2003, 345:53-56.
56. Kalia L.V., Kalia S.K., Salter M.W. NMDA receptors in clinical neurology: excitatory times ahead. Lancet. Neurol. 2008, 7:742-755. 10.1016/S1474-4422(08)70165-0.
57. Kapczinski F., Dal-Pizzol F., Teixeira A.L., Magalhaes P.V.S., Kauer-Sant'Anna M., Klamt F., Moreira J.C.F., de Bittencourt Pasquali M.A., Fries G.R., Quevedo J., Gama C.S., Post R. Peripheral biomarkers and illness activity in bipolar disorder. J. Psychiatr. Res. 2011, 45:156-161. 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2010.05.015.
58. Kayser M.S., Dalmau J. Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis, autoimmunity, and psychosis. Schizophr. Res. 2014, 10.1016/j.schres.2014.10.007.
59. Kayser M.S., Kohler C.G., Dalmau J. Psychiatric manifestations of paraneoplastic disorders. Am. J. Psychiatry 2010, 167:1039-1050. 10.1176/appi.ajp.2010.09101547.
60. Kayser M.S., Titulaer M.J., Gresa-Arribas N., Dalmau J. Frequency and characteristics of isolated psychiatric episodes in anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis. J. Am. Med. Assoc. Neurol. 2013, 70:1133-1139. 10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.3216.
61. Koga M., Serritella A.V., Messmer M.M., Hayashi-Takagi A., Hester L.D., Snyder S.H., Sawa A., Sedlak T.W. Glutathione is a physiologic reservoir of neuronal glutamate. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2011, 409:596-602. 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.04.087.
62. Koukopoulos A., Reginaldi D., Serra G., Koukopoulos A., Sani G., Serra G. Antimanic and mood-stabilizing effect of memantine as an augmenting agent in treatment-resistant bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord. 2010, 12:348-349. 10.1111/j.1399-5618.2010.00803.x.
63. Koukopoulos A., Serra G., Koukopoulos A.E., Reginaldi D., Serra G. The sustained mood-stabilizing effect of memantine in the management of treatment resistant bipolar disorders: findings from a 12-month naturalistic trial. J. Affect. Disord. 2012, 136:163-166. 10.1016/j.jad.2011.09.040.
64. Leypoldt F., Armangue T., Dalmau J. Autoimmune encephalopathies. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 2014, 10.1111/nyas.12553.
65. Li F., Tsien J.Z. Memory and the NMDA receptors. N. Engl. J. Med. 2009, 361:302-303. 10.1056/NEJMcibr0902052.
66. Liu C.-Y., Tseng M.-C.M., Lin P.-H. Encephalopathy associated with autoimmune thyroid disease (Hashimoto's thyroiditis) presenting as depression: a case report. Gen. Hosp. Psychiatry 2011, 33. (641.e7-9). 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2011.05.019.
67. Maeng S., Zarate C.A., Du J., Schloesser R.J., McCammon J., Chen G., Manji H.K. Cellular mechanisms underlying the antidepressant effects of ketamine: role of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid receptors. Biol. Psychiatry 2008, 63:349-352. 10.1016/j.biopsych.2007.05.028.
68. Mak A., Ho R.C.M., Lau C.S. Clinical implications of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus. Adv. Psychiatr. Treat. 2009, 15:451-458. 10.1192/apt.bp.108.005785.
69. Maletic V., Raison C. Integrated neurobiology of bipolar disorder. Front. Psychiatry 2014, 5:98. 10.3389/fpsyt.2014.00098.
70. Masdeu J.C., González-Pinto A., Matute C., Ruiz De Azúa S., Palomino A., De Leon J., Berman K.F., Dalmau J. Serum IgG antibodies against the NR1 subunit of the NMDA receptor not detected in schizophrenia. Am. J. Psychiatry 2012, 169:1120-1121. 10.1176/appi.ajp.2012.12050646.
71. McElroy S.L., Keck P.E. Metabolic syndrome in bipolar disorder: a review with a focus on bipolar depression. J. Clin. Psychiatry 2014, 75:46-61. 10.4088/JCP.13r08634.
72. Mikasova L., De Rossi P., Bouchet D., Georges F., Rogemond V., Didelot A., Meissirel C., Honnorat J., Groc L. Disrupted surface cross-talk between NMDA and Ephrin-B2 receptors in anti-NMDA encephalitis. Brain 2012, 135:1606-1621. 10.1093/brain/aws092.
73. Monteggia L.M., Gideons E., Kavalali E.T. The role of eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase in rapid antidepressant action of ketamine. Biol. Psychiatry 2013, 73:1199-1203. 10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.09.006.
74. Moscato E.H., Peng X., Jain A., Parsons T.D., Dalmau J., Balice-Gordon R.J. Acute mechanisms underlying antibody effects in anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis. Ann. Neurol. 2014, 76:108-119. 10.1002/ana.24195.
75. Moskal J.R., Burch R., Burgdorf J.S., Kroes R.A., Stanton P.K., Disterhoft J.F., Leander J.D. GLYX-13, an NMDA receptor glycine site functional partial agonist enhances cognition and produces antidepressant effects without the psychotomimetic side effects of NMDA receptor antagonists. Expert Opin. Investig. Drugs 2014, 23:243-254. 10.1517/13543784.2014.852536.
76. Moskal J.R., Kuo A.G., Weiss C., Wood P.L., O'Connor Hanson A., Kelso S., Harris R.B., Disterhoft J.F. GLYX-13: a monoclonal antibody-derived peptide that acts as an N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor modulator. Neuropharmacology 2005, 49:1077-1087. 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2005.06.006.
77. Mundo E., Tharmalingham S., Neves-Pereira M., Dalton E.J., Macciardi F., Parikh S.V., Bolonna A., Kerwin R.W., Arranz M.J., Makoff A.J., Kennedy J.L. Evidence that the N-methyl-d-aspartate subunit 1 receptor gene (GRIN1) confers susceptibility to bipolar disorder. Mol. Psychiatry 2003, 8:241-245. 10.1038/sj.mp.4001218.
78. Murrough J.W., Iosifescu D.V., Chang L.C., Al Jurdi R.K., Green C.E., Perez A.M., Iqbal S., Pillemer S., Foulkes A., Shah A., Charney D.S., Mathew S.J. Antidepressant efficacy of ketamine in treatment-resistant major depression: a two-site randomized controlled trial. Am. J. Psychiatry 2013, 170:1134-1142. 10.1176/appi.ajp.2013.13030392.
79. Müssig K., Bartels M., Gallwitz B., Leube D., Häring H.-U., Kircher T. Hashimoto's encephalopathy presenting with bipolar affective disorder. Bipolar Disord. 2005, 7:292-297. 10.1111/j.1399-5618.2005.00196.x.
80. Palomino A., González-Pinto A., Aldama A., González-Gómez C., Mosquera F., González-García G., Matute C. Decreased levels of plasma glutamate in patients with first-episode schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Schizophr. Res. 2007, 95:174-178. 10.1016/j.schres.2007.06.012.
81. Park H.J., Kang W.S., Paik J.W., Kim J.W. Effect of valproic acid through regulation of NMDA receptor-ERK signaling in sleep deprivation rats. J. Mol. Neurosci. 2012, 47:554-558. 10.1007/s12031-011-9673-5.
82. Pearlman D.M., Najjar S. Meta-analysis of the association between N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antibodies and schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder. Schizophr. Res. 2014, 157:249-258. 10.1016/j.schres.2014.05.001.
83. Planagumà J., Leypoldt F., Mannara F., Gutiérrez-Cuesta J., Martín-García E., Aguilar E., Titulaer M.J., Petit-Pedrol M., Jain A., Balice-Gordon R., Lakadamyali M., Graus F., Maldonado R., Dalmau J. Human N-methyl d-aspartate receptor antibodies alter memory and behaviour in mice. Brain 2014, 138:94-109. 10.1093/brain/awu310.
84. Pollak T.A., McCormack R., Peakman M., Nicholson T.R., David A.S. Prevalence of anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antibodies in patients with schizophrenia and related psychoses: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychol. Med. 2014, 44:2475-2487. 10.1017/S003329171300295X.
85. Popescu A., Kao A.H. Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus. Curr. Neuropharmacol. 2011, 9:449-457. 10.2174/157015911796557984.
86. Ramadan E., Basselin M., Rao J.S., Chang L., Chen M., Ma K., Rapoport S.I. Lamotrigine blocks NMDA receptor-initiated arachidonic acid signalling in rat brain: implications for its efficacy in bipolar disorder. Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2012, 15:931-943. 10.1017/S1461145711001003.
87. Rege S., Hodgkinson S.J. Immune dysregulation and autoimmunity in bipolar disorder: synthesis of the evidence and its clinical application. Aust. N. Z. J. Psychiatry 2013, 47:1136-1151. 10.1177/0004867413499077.
88. Rhoads J., Guirgis H., McKnight C., Duchemin A.-M. Lack of anti-NMDA receptor autoantibodies in the serum of subjects with schizophrenia. Schizophr. Res. 2011, 129:213-214. 10.1016/j.schres.2010.12.018.
89. Rosa A.R., Singh N., Whitaker E., de Brito M., Lewis A.M., Vieta E., Churchill G.C., Geddes J.R., Goodwin G.M. Altered plasma glutathione levels in bipolar disorder indicates higher oxidative stress; a possible risk factor for illness onset despite normal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels. Psychol. Med. 2014, 1-10. 10.1017/S0033291714000014.
90. Rosenblatt S., Gaull G.E., Chanley J.D., Rosenthal J.S., Smith H., Sarkozi L. Amino acids in bipolar affective disorders: increased glycine levels in erythrocytes. Am. J. Psychiatry 1979, 136:672-674.
91. Rosenthal-Simons A., Durrant A.R., Heresco-Levy U. Autoimmune-induced glutamatergic receptor dysfunctions: conceptual and psychiatric practice implications. Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2013, 23:1659-1671. 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2013.05.008.
92. Rybakowski J.K., Permoda-Osip A., Skibinska M., Adamski R., Bartkowska-Sniatkowska A. Single ketamine infusion in bipolar depression resistant to antidepressants: are neurotrophins involved?. Hum. Psychopharmacol. 2013, 28:87-90. 10.1002/hup.2271.
93. Sanacora G., Smith M.A., Pathak S., Su H.-L., Boeijinga P.H., McCarthy D.J., Quirk M.C. Lanicemine: a low-trapping NMDA channel blocker produces sustained antidepressant efficacy with minimal psychotomimetic adverse effects. Mol. Psychiatry 2014, 19:978-985. 10.1038/mp.2013.130.
94. Schmitt S.E., Pargeon K., Frechette E.S., Hirsch L.J., Dalmau J., Friedman D. Extreme delta brush: a unique EEG pattern in adults with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. Neurology 2012, 79:1094-1100. 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182698cd8.
95. Sidhom O., Laadhar L., Zitouni M., Ben Alaya N., Rafrafi R., Kallel-Sellami M., Lahmar H., El Hechmi Z., Makni S. Spectrum of autoantibodies in Tunisian psychiatric inpatients. Immunol. Invest. 2012, 41:538-549. 10.3109/08820139.2012.685537.
96. Sourial-Bassillious N., Rydelius P.-A., Aperia A., Aizman O. Glutamate-mediated calcium signaling: a potential target for lithium action. Neuroscience 2009, 161:1126-1134. 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.04.013.
97. Steiner J., Walter M., Glanz W., Sarnyai Z., Bernstein H.-G., Vielhaber S., Kästner A., Skalej M., Jordan W., Schiltz K., Klingbeil C., Wandinger K.-P., Bogerts B., Stoecker W. Increased prevalence of diverse N-methyl-d-aspartate glutamate receptor antibodies in patients with an initial diagnosis of schizophrenia: specific relevance of IgG NR1a antibodies for distinction from N-methyl-d-aspartate glutamate receptor encephalitis. J. Am. Med. Assoc. Psychiatry 2013, 70:271-278. 10.1001/2013.jamapsychiatry.86.
98. Stephenson F.A., Cousins S.L., Kenny A.V. Assembly and forward trafficking of NMDA receptors (Review). Mol. Membr. Biol. 2008, 25:311-320. 10.1080/09687680801971367.
99. Szabo S.T., Machado-Vieira R., Yuan P., Wang Y., Wei Y., Falke C., Cirelli C., Tononi G., Manji H.K., Du J. Glutamate receptors as targets of protein kinase C in the pathophysiology and treatment of animal models of mania. Neuropharmacology 2009, 56:47-55. 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2008.08.015.
100. Tarazi F.I., Baldessarini R.J., Kula N.S., Zhang K. Long-term effects of olanzapine, risperidone, and quetiapine on ionotropic glutamate receptor types: implications for antipsychotic drug treatment. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 2003, 306:1145-1151. 10.1124/jpet.103.052597.
101. Teng C.T., Demetrio F.N. Memantine may acutely improve cognition and have a mood stabilizing effect in treatment-resistant bipolar disorder. Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr. 2006, 28:252-254.
102. Titulaer M.J., Leypoldt F., Dalmau J. Antibodies to N-methyl-d-aspartate and other synaptic receptors in choreoathetosis and relapsing symptoms post-herpes virus encephalitis. Mov. Disord. 2014, 29:3-6. 10.1002/mds.25716.
103. Titulaer M.J., McCracken L., Gabilondo I., Armangué T., Glaser C., Iizuka T., Honig L.S., Benseler S.M., Kawachi I., Martinez-Hernandez E., Aguilar E., Gresa-Arribas N., Ryan-Florance N., Torrents A., Saiz A., Rosenfeld M.R., Balice-Gordon R., Graus F., Dalmau J. Treatment and prognostic factors for long-term outcome in patients with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis: an observational cohort study. Lancet. Neurol. 2013, 12:157-165. 10.1016/S1474-4422(12)70310-1.
104. Titulaer M.J., McCracken L., Gabilondo I., Iizuka T., Kawachi I., Bataller L., Torrents A., Rosenfeld M.R., Balice-Gordon R., Graus F., Dalmau J. Late-onset anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. Neurology 2013, 81:1058-1063. 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182a4a49c.
105. Toro C., Deakin J.F.W. NMDA receptor subunit NRI and postsynaptic protein PSD-95 in hippocampus and orbitofrontal cortex in schizophrenia and mood disorder. Schizophr. Res. 2005, 80:323-330. 10.1016/j.schres.2005.07.003.
106. Traynelis S.F., Wollmuth L.P., McBain C.J., Menniti F.S., Vance K.M., Ogden K.K., Hansen K.B., Yuan H., Myers S.J., Dingledine R. Glutamate receptor ion channels: structure, regulation, and function. Pharmacol. Rev. 2010, 62:405-496. 10.1124/pr.109.002451.
107. Turecki G., Grof P., Cavazzoni P., Duffy A., Grof E., Ahrens B., Berghöfer A., Müller-Oerlinghausen B., Dvoráková M., Libigerová E., Vojtechovský M., Zvolský P., Joober R., Nilsson A., Prochazka H., Licht R.W., Rasmussen N.A., Schou M., Vestergaard P., Holzinger A., Schumann C., Thau K., Rouleau G.A., Alda M. Evidence for a role of phospholipase C-gamma1 in the pathogenesis of bipolar disorder. Mol. Psychiatry 1998, 3:534-538.
108. Varga V., Jenei Z., Janáky R., Saransaari P., Oja S.S. Glutathione is an endogenous ligand of rat brain N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) and 2-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionate (AMPA) receptors. Neurochem. Res. 1997, 22:1165-1171.
109. Vásquez C.E., Riener R., Reynolds E., Britton G.B. NMDA receptor dysregulation in chronic state: a possible mechanism underlying depression with BDNF downregulation. Neurochem. Int. 2014, 79C:88-97. 10.1016/j.neuint.2014.09.007.
110. Viaccoz A., Desestret V., Ducray F., Picard G., Cavillon G., Rogemond V., Antoine J.-C., Delattre J.-Y., Honnorat J. Clinical specificities of adult male patients with NMDA receptor antibodies encephalitis. Neurology 2014, 82:556-563. 10.1212/WNL.0000000000000126.
111. Vieta E., Langosch J.M., Figueira M.L., Souery D., Blasco-Colmenares E., Medina E., Moreno-Manzanaro M., Gonzalez M.A., Bellivier F. Clinical management and burden of bipolar disorder: results from a multinational longitudinal study (WAVE-bd). Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol. 2013, 16:1719-1732. 10.1017/S1461145713000278.
112. Vieta E., Valentí M. Pharmacological management of bipolar depression: acute treatment, maintenance, and prophylaxis. CNS Drugs 2013, 27:515-529. 10.1007/s40263-013-0073-y.
113. Vitaliani R., Mason W., Ances B., Zwerdling T., Jiang Z., Dalmau J. Paraneoplastic encephalitis, psychiatric symptoms, and hypoventilation in ovarian teratoma. Ann. Neurol. 2005, 58:594-604. 10.1002/ana.20614.
114. Wang H.Y., Friedman E. Enhanced protein kinase C activity and translocation in bipolar affective disorder brains. Biol. Psychiatry 1996, 40:568-575.
115. Whiteford H.A., Degenhardt L., Rehm J., Baxter A.J., Ferrari A.J., Erskine H.E., Charlson F.J., Norman R.E., Flaxman A.D., Johns N., Burstein R., Murray C.J.L., Vos T. Global burden of disease attributable to mental and substance use disorders: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet 2013, 382:1575-1586. 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61611-6.
116. Zandi M.S., Irani S.R., Lang B., Waters P., Jones P.B., McKenna P., Coles A.J., Vincent A., Lennox B.R. Disease-relevant autoantibodies in first episode schizophrenia. J. Neurol. 2011, 258:686-688. 10.1007/s00415-010-5788-9.
117. Zarate C., Machado-Vieira R., Henter I., Ibrahim L., Diazgranados N., Salvadore G. Glutamatergic modulators: the future of treating mood disorders?. Harv. Rev. Psychiatry 2010, 18:293-303. 10.3109/10673229.2010.511059.
118. Zarate C.A., Brutsche N.E., Ibrahim L., Franco-Chaves J., Diazgranados N., Cravchik A., Selter J., Marquardt C.A., Liberty V., Luckenbaugh D.A. Replication of ketamine's antidepressant efficacy in bipolar depression: a randomized controlled add-on trial. Biol. Psychiatry 2012, 71:939-946. 10.1016/j.biopsych.2011.12.010.
119. Zarate C.A., Manji H.K. The role of AMPA receptor modulation in the treatment of neuropsychiatric diseases. Exp. Neurol. 2008, 211:7-10. 10.1016/j.expneurol.2008.01.011.
120. Zarate C.A., Mathews D., Ibrahim L., Chaves J.F., Marquardt C., Ukoh I., Jolkovsky L., Brutsche N.E., Smith M.A., Luckenbaugh D.A. A randomized trial of a low-trapping nonselective N-methyl-d-aspartate channel blocker in major depression. Biol. Psychiatry 2013, 74:257-264. 10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.10.019.
121. Zarate C.A., Singh J.B., Carlson P.J., Brutsche N.E., Ameli R., Luckenbaugh D.A., Charney D.S., Manji H.K. A randomized trial of an N-methyl-d-aspartate antagonist in treatment-resistant major depression. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 2006, 63:856-864. 10.1001/archpsyc.63.8.856.
122. Zarate C.A., Singh J.B., Quiroz J.A., De Jesus G., Denicoff K.K., Luckenbaugh D.A., Manji H.K., Charney D.S. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of memantine in the treatment of major depression. Am. J. Psychiatry 2006, 163:153-155. 10.1176/appi.ajp.163.1.153.
123. Zhang H.X., Lyons-Warren A., Thio L.L. The glycine transport inhibitor sarcosine is an inhibitory glycine receptor agonist. Neuropharmacology 2009, 57:551-555. 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2009.07.019.