Plant mitochondrial genome diversity: The genomics revolution

Plant Genome Diversity

Volumn 1, Issue , 2012, Pages 123-144

  Mower, Jeffrey P ^a   Sloan, Daniel B ^b   Alverson, Andrew J ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA LINCOLN   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA   (United States)

^c INDIANA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84930711659     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-1130-7_9     Document Type: Chapter

References (119)

1. Adams KL, Qiu YL, Stoutemyer M, Palmer JD (2002a) Punctuated evolution of mitochondrial gene content: high and variable rates of mitochondrial gene loss and transfer to the nucleus during angiosperm evolution. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99:9905-9912
2. Adams KL, Daley DO, Whelan J, Palmer JD (2002b) Genes for two mitochondrial ribosomal proteins in flowering plants are derived from their chloroplast or cytosolic counterparts. Plant Cell 14:931-943
3. Allen JO, Fauron CM, Minx P, Roark L, Oddiraju S, Lin GN, Meyer L, Sun H, Kim K, Wang C, Du F, Xu D, Gibson M, Cifrese J, Clifton SW, Newton KJ (2007) Comparisons among two fertile and three male-sterile mitochondrial genomes of maize. Genetics 177:1173-1192
4. Alverson AJ, Wei X, Rice DW, Stern DB, Barry K, Palmer JD (2010) Insights into the evolution of mitochondrial genome size from complete sequences of Citrullus lanatus and Cucurbita pepo (Cucurbitaceae). Mol Biol Evol 27:1436-1448
5. Alverson AJ, Zhuo S, Rice DW, Sloan DB, Palmer JD (2011) The mitochondrial genome of the legume Vigna radiata and the analysis of recombination across short mitochondrial repeats. PLoS One 6: e16404
6. André C, Levy A, Walbot V (1992) Small repeated sequences and the structure of plant mitochondrial genomes. Trends Genet 8:128-132
7. Arrieta-Montiel MP, Shedge V, Davila J, Christensen AC, Mackenzie SA (2009) Diversity of the Arabidopsis mitochondrial genome occurs via nuclear-controlled recombination activity. Genetics 183:1261-1268
8. Bendich AJ (1985) Plant mitochondrial DNA: Unusual variation on a common theme. In: Hohn B, Dennis ES (eds) Genetic flux in plants. Springer, Wien/New York, pp 111-138
9. Bergthorsson U, Adams KL, Thomason B, Palmer JD (2003) Widespread horizontal transfer of mitochondrial genes in flowering plants. Nature 424:197-201
10. Bergthorsson U, Richardson AO, Young GJ, Goertzen LR, Palmer JD (2004) Massive horizontal transfer of mitochondrial genes from diverse land plant donors to the basal angiosperm Amborella. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101:17747-17752
11. Boer PH, Bonen L, Lee RW, Gray MW (1985) Genes for respiratory chain proteins and ribosomal RNAs are present on a 16-kilobasepair DNA species from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii mitochondria. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82:3340-3344
12. Bogsch EG, Sargent F, Stanley NR, Berks BC, Robinson C, Palmer T (1998) An essential component of a novel bacterial protein export system with homologues in plastids and mitochondria. J Biol Chem 273:18003-18006
13. Bonen L, Gray MW (1980) Organization and expression of the mitochondrial genome of plants I. The genes for wheat mitochondrial ribosomal and transfer RNA: evidence for an unusual arrangement. Nucleic Acids Res 8:319-335
14. Boxma B, de Graaf RM, van der Staay GW, van Alen TA, Ricard G, Gabaldon T, van Hoek AH, Moon-van der Staay SY, Koopman WJ, van Hellemond JJ, Tielens AG, Friedrich T, Veenhuis M, Huynen MA, Hackstein JH (2005) An anaerobic mitochondrion that produces hydrogen. Nature 434:74-79
15. Braun H-P, Kruft V, Schmitz UK (1994) Molecular identification of the ten subunits of cytochrome-c reductase from potato mitochondria. Planta 193:99-106
16. Burger G, Saint-Louis D, Gray MW, Lang BF (1999) Complete sequence of the mitochondrial DNA of the red alga Porphyra purpurea. Cyanobacterial introns and shared ancestry of red and green algae. Plant Cell 11:1675-1694
17. Castandet B, Choury D, Begu D, Jordana X, Araya A (2010) Intron RNA editing is essential for splicing in plant mitochondria. Nucleic Acids Res 38:7112-7121
18. Chapdelaine Y, Bonen L (1991) The wheat mitochondrial gene for subunit I of the NADH dehydrogenase complex: A trans-splicing model for this gene-in-pieces. Cell 65:465-472
19. Chaw SM, Shih AC, Wang D, Wu YW, Liu SM, Chou TY (2008) The mitochondrial genome of the gymnosperm Cycas taitungensis contains a novel family of short interspersed elements, Bpu sequences, and abundant RNA editing sites. Mol Biol Evol 25:603-615
20. Clifton SW, Minx P, Fauron CM, Gibson M, Allen JO, Sun H, Thompson M, Barbazuk WB, Kanuganti S, Tayloe C, Meyer L, Wilson RK, Newton KJ (2004) Sequence and comparative analysis of the maize NB mitochondrial genome. Plant Physiol 136:3486-3503
21. Covello PS, Gray MW (1992) Silent mitochondrial and active nuclear genes for subunit 2 of cytochrome c oxidase (cox2) in soybean: evidence for RNA-mediated gene transfer. EMBO J 11:3815-3820
22. Cusimano N, Zhang L-B, Renner SS (2008) Reevaluation of the cox1 group I intron in Araceae and angiosperms indicates a history dominated by loss rather than horizontal transfer. Mol Biol Evol 25:265-276
23. Darracq A, Varre JS, Touzet P (2010) A scenario of mitochondrial genome evolution in maize based on rearrangement events. BMC Genomics 11:233
24. Dewey RE, Levings CS 3rd, Timothy DH (1986) Novel recombinations in the maize mitochondrial genome produce a unique transcriptional unit in the Texas male-sterile cytoplasm. Cell 44:439-449
25. Dombrovska O, Qiu Y-L (2004) Distribution of introns in the mitochondrial gene nad1 in land plants: phylogenetic and molecular evolutionary implications. Mol Phylogenet Evol 32:246-263
26. Duff RJ (2006) Divergent RNA editing frequencies in hornwort mitochondrial nad5 sequences. Gene 366:285-291
27. Fox TD, Leaver CJ (1981) The Zea mays mitochondrial gene coding cytochrome oxidase subunit II has an intervening sequence and does not contain TGA codons. Cell 26:315-323
28. Fujii S, Kazama T, Yamada M, Toriyama K (2010) Discovery of global genomic re-organization based on comparison of two newly sequenced rice mitochondrial genomes with cytoplasmic male sterility-related genes. BMC Genomics 11:209
29. Giegé P, Brennicke A (1999) RNA editing in Arabidopsis mitochondria effects 441 C to U changes in ORFs. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96:15324-15329
30. Giegé P, Grienenberger JM, Bonnard G (2008) Cytochrome c biogenesis in mitochondria. Mitochondrion 8:61-73
31. Goremykin VV, Salamini F, Velasco R, Viola R (2009) Mitochondrial DNA of Vitis vinifera and the issue of rampant horizontal gene transfer. Mol Biol Evol 26:99-110
32. Gray MW (2009) RNA editing in plant mitochondria: 20 years later. IUBMB Life 61:1101-1104
33. Gray MW, Lang BF, Burger G (2004) Mitochondria of protists. Annu Rev Genet 38:477-524
34. Grewe F, Viehoever P, Weisshaar B, Knoop V (2009) A trans-splicing group I intron and tRNA-hyperediting in the mitochondrial genome of the lycophyte Isoetes engelmannii. Nucleic Acids Res 37:5093-5104
35. Grewe F, Herres S, Viehover P, Polsakiewicz M, Weisshaar B, Knoop V (2011) A unique transcriptome: 1782 positions of RNA editing alter 1406 codon identities in mitochondrial mRNAs of the lycophyte Isoetes engelmannii. Nucleic Acids Res 39:2890-2902
36. Handa H (2003) The complete nucleotide sequence and RNA editing content of the mitochondrial genome of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.): comparative analysis of the mitochondrial genomes of rapeseed and Arabidopsis thaliana. Nucleic Acids Res 31:5907-5916
37. Hanson MR, Bentolila S (2004) Interactions of mitochondrial and nuclear genes that affect male gametophyte development. Plant Cell 16(Suppl):S154-S169
38. Hao W, Palmer JD (2009) Fine-scale mergers of chloroplast and mitochondrial genes create functional, transcompartmentally chimeric mitochondrial genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 106:16728-16733
39. Hao W, Richardson AO, Zheng Y, Palmer JD (2010) Gorgeous mosaic of mitochondrial genes created by horizontal transfer and gene conversion. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 107:21576-21581
40. Heazlewood JL, Whelan J, Millar AH (2003) The products of the mitochondrial orf25 and orfB genes are FO components in the plant F1FO ATP synthase. FEBS Lett 540:201-205
41. Hecht J, Grewe F, Knoop V (2011) Extreme RNA editing in coding islands and abundant microsatellites in repeat sequences of Selaginella moellendorffii mitochondria: The root of frequent plant mtDNA recombination in early tracheophytes. Genome Biol Evol 3:344-358
42. Klodmann J, Sunderhaus S, Nimtz M, Jansch L, Braun HP (2010) Internal architecture of mitochondrial complex I from Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell 22:797-810
43. Knoop V, Schuster W, Wissinger B, Brennicke A (1991) Trans splicing integrates an exon of 22 nucleotides into the nad5 mRNA in higher plant mitochondria. EMBO J 10:3483-3493
44. Knoop V, Unseld M, Marienfeld J, Brandt P, Sunkel S, Ullrich H, Brennicke A (1996) copia-, gypsy-and LINE-like retrotransposon fragments in the mitochondrial genome of Arabidopsis thaliana. Genetics 142:579-585
45. Kobayashi Y, Knoop V, Fukuzawa H, Brennicke A, Ohyama K (1997) Interorganellar gene transfer in bryophytes: The functional nad7 gene is nuclear encoded in Marchantia polymorpha. Mol Gen Genet 256:589-592
46. Kubo N, Arimura S (2010) Discovery of the rpl10 gene in diverse plant mitochondrial genomes and its probable replacement by the nuclear gene for chloroplast RPL10 in two lineages of angiosperms. DNA Res 17:1-9
47. Kubo T, Nishizawa S, Sugawara A, Itchoda N, Estiati A, Mikami T (2000) The complete nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial genome of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) reveals a novel gene for tRNACys(GCA). Nucleic Acids Res 28:2571-2576
48. Lang BF, Gray MW, Burger G (1999) Mitochondrial genome evolution and the origin of eukaryotes. Annu Rev Genet 33:351-397
49. Leaver CJ, Gray MW (1982) Mitochondrial genome organization and expression in higher plants. Annu Rev Plant Physiol 33:373-402
50. Leblanc C, Boyen C, Richard O, Bonnard G, Grienenberger JM, Kloareg B (1995) Complete sequence of the mitochondrial DNA of the rhodophyte Chondrus crispus (Gigartinales). Gene content and genome organization. J Mol Biol 250:484-495
51. Li L, Wang B, Liu Y, Qiu YL (2009) The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the hornwort Megaceros aenigmaticus shows a mixed mode of conservative yet dynamic evolution in early land plant mitochondrial genomes. J Mol Evol 68:665-678
52. Lilly JW, Havey MJ (2001) Small, repetitive DNAs contribute significantly to the expanded mitochondrial genome of cucumber. Genetics 159:317-328
53. Lonsdale DM, Hodge TP, Fauron CM (1984) The physical map and organisation of the mitochondrial genome from the fertile cytoplasm of maize. Nucleic Acids Res 12:9249-9261
54. Malek O, Lattig K, Hiesel R, Brennicke A, Knoop V (1996) RNA editing in bryophytes and a molecular phylogeny of land plants. EMBO J 15:1403-1411
55. Maréchal A, Brisson N (2010) Recombination and the maintenance of plant organelle genome stability. New Phytol 186:299-317
56. Maréchal-Drouard L, Weil J-H, Guillemaut P (1988) Import of several tRNAs from the cytoplasm into the mitochondria in bean Phaseolus vulgaris. Nucleic Acids Res 16:4777-4788
57. Maréchal-Drouard L, Guillemaut P, Cosset A, Arbogast M, Weber F, Weil J-H, Dietrich A (1990) Transfer RNAs of potato (Solanum tuberosum) mitochondria have different genetic origins. Nucleic Acids Res 18:3689-3696
58. McDermott P, Connolly V, Kavanagh TA (2008) The mitochondrial genome of a cytoplasmic male sterile line of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) contains an integrated linear plasmid-like element. Theor Appl Genet 117:459-470
59. Millar AH, Eubel H, Jansch L, Kruft V, Heazlewood JL, Braun HP (2004) Mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase and succinate dehydrogenase complexes contain plant specific subunits. Plant Mol Biol 56:77-90
60. Mower JP (2009) The PREP suite: predictive RNA editors for plant mitochondrial genes, chloroplast genes and user-defined alignments. Nucleic Acids Res 37(Web Server issue):W253-W259
61. Mower JP, Bonen L (2009) Ribosomal protein L10 is encoded in the mitochondrial genome of many land plants and green algae. BMC Evol Biol 9:265
62. Mower JP, Palmer JD (2006) Patterns of partial RNA editing in mitochondrial genes of Beta vulgaris. Mol Genet Genomics 276:285-293
63. Mower JP, Touzet P, Gummow JS, Delph LF, Palmer JD (2007) Extensive variation in synonymous substitution rates in mitochondrial genes of seed plants. BMC Evol Biol 7:135
64. Mower JP, Stefanović S, Hao W, Gummow JS, Jain K, Ahmed D, Palmer JD (2010) Horizontal acquisition of multiple mitochondrial genes from a parasitic plant followed by gene conversion with host mitochondrial genes. BMC Biol 8:150
65. Notsu Y, Masood S, Nishikawa T, Kubo N, Akiduki G, Nakazono M, Hirai A, Kadowaki K (2002) The complete sequence of the rice (Oryza sativa L.) mitochondrial genome: frequent DNA sequence acquisition and loss during the evolution of flowering plants. Mol Genet Genomics 268:434-445
66. Nugent JM, Palmer JD (1991) RNA-mediated transfer of the gene coxII from the mitochondrion to the nucleus during flowering plant evolution. Cell 66:473-481
67. Nunes-Nesi A, Fernie AR (2007) Mitochondrial metabolism. In: Logan DC (ed) Plant mitochondria. Blackwell, Oxford, UK, pp 212-277
68. Oda K, Yamato K, Ohta E, Nakamura Y, Takemura M, Nozato N, Akashi K, Kanegae T, Ogura Y, Kohchi T et al (1992) Gene organization deduced from the complete sequence of liverwort Marchantia polymorpha mitochondrial DNA. A primitive form of plant mitochondrial genome. J Mol Biol 223:1-7
69. Odahara M, Inouye T, Fujita T, Hasebe M, Sekine Y (2007) Involvement of mitochondrial-targeted RecA in the repair of mitochondrial DNA in the moss, Physcomitrella patens. Genes Genet Syst 82:43-51
70. Odahara M, Kuroiwa H, Kuroiwa T, Sekine Y (2009) Suppression of repeat-mediated gross mitochondrial genome rearrangements by RecA in the moss Physcomitrella patens. Plant Cell 21:1182-1194
71. Ogihara Y, Yamazaki Y, Murai K, Kanno A, Terachi T, Shiina T, Miyashita N, Nasuda S, Nakamura C, Mori N, Takumi S, Murata M, Futo S, Tsunewaki K (2005) Structural dynamics of cereal mitochondrial genomes as revealed by complete nucleotide sequencing of the wheat mitochondrial genome. Nucleic Acids Res 33:6235-6250
72. Ohta N, Sato N, Kuroiwa T (1998) Structure and organization of the mitochondrial genome of the unicellular red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae deduced from the complete nucleotide sequence. Nucleic Acids Res 26:5190-5198
73. Oldenburg DJ, Bendich AJ (1996) Size and structure of replicating mitochondrial DNA in cultured tobacco cells. Plant Cell 8:447-461
74. Palmer JD, Herbon LA (1988) Plant mitochondrial DNA evolves rapidly in structure, but slowly in sequence. J Mol Evol 28:87-97
75. Palmer JD, Shields CR (1984) Tripartite structure of the Brassica campestris mitochondrial genome. Nature 307:437-440
76. Picardi E, Horner DS, Chiara M, Schiavon R, Valle G, Pesole G (2010) Large-scale detection and analysis of RNA editing in grape mtDNA by RNA deep-sequencing. Nucleic Acids Res 38:4755-4767
77. Pombert JF, Otis C, Lemieux C, Turmel M (2004) The complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of the green alga Pseudendoclonium akinetum (Ulvophyceae) highlights distinctive evolutionary trends in the chlorophyta and suggests a sister-group relationship between the Ulvophyceae and Chlorophyceae. Mol Biol Evol 21:922-935
78. Pombert JF, Beauchamp P, Otis C, Lemieux C, Turmel M (2006) The complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of the green alga Oltmannsiellopsis viridis: evolutionary trends of the mitochondrial genome in the Ulvophyceae. Curr Genet 50:137-147
79. Richardson AO, Palmer JD (2007) Horizontal gene transfer in plants. J Exp Bot 58:1-9
80. Robbens S, Derelle E, Ferraz C, Wuyts J, Moreau H, Van de Peer Y (2007) The complete chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA sequence of Ostreococcus tauri: organelle genomes of the smallest eukaryote are examples of compaction. Mol Biol Evol 24:956-968
81. Rudinger M, Funk HT, Rensing SA, Maier UG, Knoop V (2009) RNA editing: only eleven sites are present in the Physcomitrella patens mitochondrial transcriptome and a universal nomenclature proposal. Mol Genet Genomics 281:473-481
82. Ryan R, Grant D, Chiang KS, Swift H (1978) Isolation and characterization of mitochondrial DNA from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 75:3268-3272
83. Salmans ML, Chaw SM, Lin CP, Shih AC, Wu YW, Mulligan RM (2010) Editing site analysis in a gymnosperm mitochondrial genome reveals similarities with angiosperm mitochondrial genomes. Curr Genet 56:439-446
84. Sanchez-Puerta MV, Cho Y, Mower JP, Alverson AJ, Palmer JD (2008) Frequent, phylogenetically local horizontal transfer of the cox1 group I Intron in flowering plant mitochondria. Mol Biol Evol 25:1762-1777
85. Satoh M, Kubo T, Nishizawa S, Estiati A, Itchoda N, Mikami T (2004) The cytoplasmic male-sterile type and normal type mitochondrial genomes of sugar beet share the same complement of genes of known function but differ in the content of expressed ORFs. Mol Genet Genomics 272:247-256
86. Satoh M, Kubo T, Mikami T (2006) The Owen mitochondrial genome in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.): possible mechanisms of extensive rearrangements and the origin of the mitotype-unique regions. Theor Appl Genet 113:477-484
87. Schmitz-Linneweber C, Small I (2008) Pentatricopeptide repeat proteins: A socket set for organelle gene expression. Trends Plant Sci 13:663-670
88. Schuster W, Brennicke A (1987) Plastid, nuclear and reverse transcriptase sequences in the mitochondrial genome of Oenothera: is genetic information transferred between organelles via RNA? EMBO J 6:2857-2863
89. Shedge V, Arrieta-Montiel M, Christensen AC, Mackenzie SA (2007) Plant mitochondrial recombination surveillance requires unusual RecA and MutS homologs. Plant Cell 19:1251-1264
90. Sloan DB, Oxelman B, Rautenberg A, Taylor DR (2009) Phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial substitution rate variation in the angiosperm tribe Sileneae. BMC Evol Biol 9:260
91. Sloan DB, Alverson AJ, Storchova H, Palmer JD, Taylor DR (2010a) Extensive loss of translational genes in the structurally dynamic mitochondrial genome of the angiosperm Silene latifolia. BMC Evol Biol 10:274
92. Sloan DB, MacQueen AH, Alverson AJ, Palmer JD, Taylor DR (2010b) Extensive loss of RNA editing sites in rapidly evolving Silene mitochondrial genomes: selection vs. retroprocessing as the driving force. Genetics 185:1369-1380
93. Smith DR, Lee RW (2009) The mitochondrial and plastid genomes of Volvox carteri: bloated molecules rich in repetitive DNA. BMC Genomics 10:132
94. Smith DR, Hua J, Lee RW (2010a) Evolution of linear mitochondrial DNA in three known lineages of Polytomella. Curr Genet 56:427-438
95. Smith DR, Lee RW, Cushman JC, Magnuson JK, Tran D, Polle JE (2010b) The Dunaliella salina organelle genomes: large sequences, inflated with intronic and intergenic DNA. BMC Plant Biol 10:83
96. Stechmann A, Hamblin K, Perez-Brocal V, Gaston D, Richmond GS, van der Giezen M, Clark CG, Roger AJ (2008) Organelles in Blastocystis that blur the distinction between mitochondria and hydrogenosomes. Curr Biol 18:580-585
97. Steinhauser S, Beckert S, Capesius I, Malek O, Knoop V (1999) Plant mitochondrial RNA editing. J Mol Evol 48:303-312
98. Stern DB, Lonsdale DM (1982) Mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes of maize have a 12-kilobase DNA sequence in common. Nature 299:698-702
99. Sugiyama Y, Watase Y, Nagase M, Makita N, Yagura S, Hirai A, Sugiura M (2005) The complete nucleotide sequence and multipartite organization of the tobacco mitochondrial genome: comparative analysis of mitochondrial genomes in higher plants. Mol Genet Genomics 272:603-615
100. Terasawa K, Odahara M, Kabeya Y, Kikugawa T, Sekine Y, Fujiwara M, Sato N (2007) The mitochondrial genome of the moss Physcomitrella patens sheds new light on mitochondrial evolution in land plants. Mol Biol Evol 24:699-709
101. Tian X, Zheng J, Hu S, Yu J (2006) The rice mitochondrial genomes and their variations. Plant Physiol 140:401-410
102. Tovar J, Fischer A, Clark CG (1999) The mitosome, a novel organelle related to mitochondria in the amitochondrial parasite Entamoeba histolytica. Mol Microbiol 32:1013-1021
103. Turmel M, Lemieux C, Burger G, Lang BF, Otis C, Plante I, Gray MW (1999) The complete mitochondrial DNA sequences of Nephroselmis olivacea and Pedinomonas minor. Two radically different evolutionary patterns within green algae. Plant Cell 11:1717-1730
104. Turmel M, Otis C, Lemieux C (2002a) The chloroplast and mitochondrial genome sequences of the charophyte Chaetosphaeridium globosum: insights into the timing of the events that restructured organelle DNAs within the green algal lineage that led to land plants. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99:11275-11280
105. Turmel M, Otis C, Lemieux C (2002b) The complete mitochondrial DNA sequence of Mesostigma viride identifies this green alga as the earliest green plant divergence and predicts a highly compact mitochondrial genome in the ancestor of all green plants. Mol Biol Evol 19:24-38
106. Turmel M, Otis C, Lemieux C (2003) The mitochondrial genome of Chara vulgaris: insights into the mitochondrial DNA architecture of the last common ancestor of green algae and land plants. Plant Cell 15:1888-1903
107. Turmel M, Otis C, Lemieux C (2007) An unexpectedly large and loosely packed mitochondrial genome in the charophycean green alga Chlorokybus atmophyticus. BMC Genomics 8:137
108. Turmel M, Otis C, Lemieux C (2010) A deviant genetic code in the reduced mitochondrial genome of the picoplanktonic green alga Pycnococcus provasolii. J Mol Evol 70:203-214
109. Unseld M, Marienfeld JR, Brandt P, Brennicke A (1997) The mitochondrial genome of Arabidopsis thaliana contains 57 genes in 366,924 nucleotides. Nat Genet 15:57-61
110. Vangerow S, Teerkorn T, Knoop V (1999) Phylogenetic information in the mitochondrial nad5 gene of pteridophytes: RNA editing and intron sequences. Plant Biol 1:235-243
111. Vaughn JC, Mason MT, Sper-Whitis GL, Kuhlman P, Palmer JD (1995) Fungal origin by horizontal transfer of a plant mitochondrial group I intron in the chimeric CoxI gene of Peperomia. J Mol Evol 41:563-572
112. Wang B, Xue J, Li L, Liu Y, Qiu YL (2009) The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the liverwort Pleurozia purpurea reveals extremely conservative mitochondrial genome evolution in liverworts. Curr Genet 55:601-609
113. Ward BL, Anderson RS, Bendich AJ (1981) The mitochondrial genome is large and variable in a family of plants (Cucurbitaceae). Cell 25:793-803
114. Wissinger B, Schuster W, Brennicke A (1991) Trans splicing in Oenothera mitochondria: nad1 mRNAs are edited in exon and trans-splicing group II intron sequences. Cell 65:473-482
115. Wolfe KH, Li WH, Sharp PM (1987) Rates of nucleotide substitution vary greatly among plant mitochondrial, chloroplast, and nuclear DNAs. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84:9054-9058
116. Xue JY, Liu Y, Li L, Wang B, Qiu YL (2010) The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the hornwort Phaeoceros laevis: retention of many ancient pseudogenes and conservative evolution of mitochondrial genomes in hornworts. Curr Genet 56:53-61
117. Yamamoto MP, Kubo T, Mikami T (2005) The 50-leader sequence of sugar beet mitochondrial atp6 encodes a novel polypeptide that is characteristic of Owen cytoplasmic male sterility. Mol Genet Genomics 273:342-349
118. Yu W, Schuster W (1995) Evidence for a site-specific cytidine deamination reaction involved in C to U RNA editing of plant mitochondria. J Biol Chem 270:18227-18233
119. Zaegel V, Guermann B, Le Ret M, Andres C, Meyer D, Erhardt M, Canaday J, Gualberto JM, Imbault P (2006) The plant-specific ssDNA binding protein OSB1 is involved in the stoichiometric transmission of mitochondrial DNA in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 18:3548-3563