Brain adaptation and alternative developmental trajectories

Development and Psychopathology

Volumn 27, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 425-442

  Johnson, Mark H ^a   Jones, Emily J H ^a   Gliga, Teodora ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADAPTATION; AUTISM; BRAIN; CHILD; HUMAN; NERVE CELL PLASTICITY; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PHYSIOLOGY;

ADAPTATION, PHYSIOLOGICAL; AUTISTIC DISORDER; BRAIN; CHILD; HUMANS; NEURONAL PLASTICITY;

EID: 84928956564     PISSN: 09545794     EISSN: 14692198     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0954579415000073     Document Type: Article

References (143)

1. Alvarez, J. A., Emory, E. (2006). Executive function and the frontal lobes: A meta-analytic review. Neuropsychology Review, 16, 17-42.
2. Baker, J. K., Messinger, D. S., Lyons, K. K., Grantz, C. J. (2010). A pilot study of maternal sensitivity in the context of emergent autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 40, 988-999.
3. Barker, D. J., Clark, P. M. (1997). Fetal undernutrition and disease in later life. Reviews of Reproduction, 2, 105-112.
4. Barker, D. J. P. (1994). The fetal origins of adult disease Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B, 262, 37-43.
5. Belsky, J., Pluess, M. (2009). Beyond diathesis stress: Differential susceptibility to environmental influences. Psychological Bulletin, 135, 885-908.
6. Ben-Ari, Y. (2002). Excitatory actions of GABA during development: The nature of the nurture. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 3, 728-739.
7. Ben-Ari, Y., Khalilov, I., Kahle, K. T., Cherubini, E. (2012). The GABA excitatory/inhibitory shift in brain maturation and neurological disorders. Neuroscientist, 18, 467-486.
8. Blackman, M. P., Djukic, B., Nelson, S. B., Turrigiano, G. G. (2012). A critical and cell-autonomous role for MeCP2 in synaptic scaling up. Journal of Neuroscience, 32, 13529-13536.
9. Boyce, W. T., Ellis, B. J. (2005). Biological sensitivity to context: I. An evolutionary-developmental theory of the origins and functions of stress reactivity. Development and Psychopathology, 17, 271-301.
10. Bullmore, E., Sporns, O. (2012). The economy of brain network organization. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 13, 336-349.
11. Cahalane, D. J., Clancy, B., Kingsbury, M. A., Graf, E., Sporns, O., Finlay, B. L. (2011). Network structure implied by initial axon outgrowth in rodent cortex: Empirical measurement and models. PLOS ONE, 6, e16113.
12. Carter, R. M., Huettel, S. A. (2013). A nexus model of the temporal-parietal junction. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 17, 328-336.
13. Castellanos, F. X., Proal, E. (2012). Large-scale brain systems in ADHD: Beyond the prefrontal-striatal model. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 16, 17-26.
14. Chang, E. F., Merzenich, M. M. (2003). Environmental noise retards auditory cortical development. Science, 300, 498-502.
15. Chiao, J. Y., Ambady, N. (2010). Cultural neuroscience. In S. Kitayama & D. Cohen (Eds.), Handbook of cultural psychology. New York: Guilford Press.
16. Chih, B., Engelman, H., Scheiffele, P. (2005). Control of excitatory and inhibitory synapse formation by leuroligins. Science, 307, 1324-1328.
17. Cicchetti, D. (2013). Resilient functioning in maltreated children: Past, present, and future perspectives. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54, 402-422.
18. Cicchetti, D., Curtis, W. J. (2007). Multilevel perspectives on pathways to resilient functioning. Development and Psychopathology, 19, 627-629.
19. Clancy, B., Darlington, R. B., Finlay, B. L. (2000). The course of human events: Predicting the timing of primate neural development. Developmental Science, 3, 57-66.
20. Cobos, I., Calcagnotto, M. E., Vilaythong, A. J., Thwin, M. T., Noebels, J. L., Baraban, S. C., et al. (2005). Mice lacking Dlx1 show subtype-specific loss of interneurons, reduced inhibition and epilepsy. Nature Neuroscience, 8, 1059-1068.
21. Cohen Kadosh, K., Henson, R. N., Cohen Kadosh, R., Johnson, M., Dick, F. (2010). Task-dependent activation of face-sensitive cortex: An fMRI adaptation study. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 22, 903-917.
22. Courchesne, E., Pierce, K., Schumann, C. M., Redcay, E., Buckwalter, J. A., Kennedy, D. P., et al. (2007). Mapping early brain development in autism. Neuron, 56, 399-413.
23. Curtis, W. J., Cicchetti, D. (2003). Moving research on resilience into the 21st century: Theoretical and methodological considerations in examining the biological contributors to resilience. Development and Psychopathology, 15, 773-810.
24. Davis, G., Plaisted-Grant, K. (in press). Low endogenous neural noise in autism. Autism. doi:10.1177/1362361314552198
25. Dawson, G., Jones, E. J. H., Merkle, K., Venema, K., Lowy, R., Faja, S., et al. (2012). Early behavioral intervention is associated with normalized brain activity in young children with autism. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 51, 1150-1159.
26. Dehaene-Lambertz, G., Hertz-Pannier, L., Dubois, J. (2006). Nature and nurture in language acquisition: Anatomical and functional brain-imaging studies in infants. Trends in Neurosciences, 29, 367-373.
27. Denayer, A., Van Esch, H., de Ravel, T., Frijns, J.-P., Van Buggenhout, G., Vogels, A., et al. (2012). Neuropsychopathology in 7 patients with the 22q13 deletion syndrome: Presence of bipolar disorder and progressive loss of skills. Molecular Syndromology, 3, 14-20.
28. Desai, N. S., Cudmore, R. H., Nelson, S. B., Turrigiano, G. G. (2002). Critical periods for experience-dependent synaptic scaling in visual cortex. Nature Neuroscience, 5, 783-789.
29. Dinstein, I., Heeger, D. J., Lorenzi, L., Minshew, N. J., Malach, R., Behrmann, M. (2012). Unreliable evoked responses in autism. Neuron, 75, 981-991.
30. Dinstein, I., Pierce, K., Eyler, L., Solso, S., Malach, R., Behrmann, M., et al. (2011). Disrupted neural synchronization in toddlers with autism. Neuron, 70, 1218-1225.
31. Doria, V., Beckmann, C. F., Arichi, T., Merchant, N., Groppo, M., Turkheimer, F. E., et al. (2010). Emergence of resting state networks in the preterm human brain. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 107, 20015-20020.
32. Doupe, A. J., Kuhl, P. K. (1999). Birdsong and human speech: Common themes and mechanisms. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 22, 567-631.
33. Ebert, D. H., Greenberg, M. E. (2013). Activity-dependent neuronal signalling and autism spectrum disorder. Nature, 493, 327-337.
34. Eichler, S. A., Meier, J. C. (2008). EI balance and human diseases-From molecules to networking. Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, 1, 2.
35. Ellis, B. J., Boyce, W. T. (2008). Biological sensitivity to context. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 17, 183-187.
36. Elman, J. L. (Ed.). (1998). Rethinking innateness: A connectionist perspective on development (Vol. 10). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
37. Faisal, A. A., Selen, L. P. J., Wolpert, D. M. (2008). Noise in the nervous system. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 9, 292-303.
38. Fassbender, C., Schweitzer, J. B. (2006). Is there evidence for neural compensation in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder? A review of the functional neuroimaging literature. Clinical Psychology Review, 26, 445-465.
39. Finlay, B. L., Darlington, R. B. (1995). Linked regularities in the development and evolution of mammalian brains. Science, 268, 1578-1584.
40. Finlay, B. L, Yost, J. C., Cheung, D. T. (2006). Developmental disorders and evolutionary expectations: Mechanisms of resilience. In M. M. Miller (Ed.), Brain development: Normal processes and the effects of alcohol and nicotine (pp. 105-120). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
41. Flynn, E. G., Laland, K. N., Kendal, R. L., Kendal, J. R. (2013). Target Article with Commentaries: Developmental niche construction. Developmental Science, 16, 296-313.
42. Frankenhuis, W. E., Panchanathan, K. (2011). Balancing sampling and specialization: An adaptationist model of incremental development. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 278, 3558-3565.
43. Frankenhuis, W. E., Panchanathan, K., Clark Barrett, H. (2013). Bridging developmental systems theory and evolutionary psychology using dynamic optimization. Developmental Science, 16, 584-598.
44. Fransson, P., A° den, U., Blennow, M., Lagercrantz, H. (2011). The functional architecture of the infant brain as revealed by resting-state fMRI. Cerebral Cortex, 21, 145-154.
45. Friston, K. J., Price, C. J. (2001). Dynamic representations and generative models of brain function. Brain Research Bulletin, 54, 275-285.
46. Gavin-Smyth, J., Wang, W., Butler, I., Ferguson, E. L. (2013). A genetic network conferring canalization to a bistable patterning system in drosophila. Current Biology, 23, 2296-2302.
47. Geschwind, D. H., Levitt, P. (2007). Autism spectrum disorders: Developmental disconnection syndromes. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 17, 103-111.
48. Gilbert, S. L., Dobyns, W. B., Lahn, B. T. (2005). Genetic links between brain development and brain evolution. Nature Reviews Genetics, 6, 581-590.
49. Goel, A., Lee, H.-K. (2007). Persistence of experience-induced homeostatic synaptic plasticity through adulthood in superficial layers of mouse visual cortex. Journal of Neuroscience, 27, 6692-6700.
50. Gogtay, N., Giedd, J. N., Lusk, L., Hayashi, K. M., Greenstein, D., Vaituzis, A. C., et al. (2004). Dynamic mapping of human cortical development during childhood through early adulthood. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 101, 8174-8179.
51. Gottlieb, J., Oudeyer, P., Lopes, M., Baranes, A. (2013). Information-seeking, curiosity, and attention: Computational and neural mechanisms. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 17, 585-593.
52. Graf, E. R., Zhang, X., Jin, S.-X., Linhoff, M. W., Craig, A. M. (2004). Neurexins induce differentiation of GABA and glutamate postsynaptic specializations via neuroligins. Cell, 119, 1013-1026.
53. Grossmann, T. (2013). Mapping prefrontal cortex functions in human infancy. Infancy, 8, 303-324.
54. Halperin, J. M., Schulz, K. P. (2006). Revisiting the role of the prefrontal cortex in the pathophysiology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Psychological Bulletin, 132, 560-581.
55. Harlow, E. G., Till, S. M., Russell, T. A., Wijetunge, L. S., Kind, P., Contractor, A. (2010). Critical period plasticity is disrupted in the barrel cortex of FMR1 knockout mice. Neuron, 65, 385-398.
56. Haxby, J. V., Hoffman, E. A., Ida Gobbini, M. (2000). The distributed human neural system for face perception. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 4, 223-233.
57. Hensch, T. K. (2005). Critical period plasticity in local cortical circuits. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 6, 877-888.
58. Hensch, T. K., Fagiolini, M., Mataga, N., Stryker, M. P., Baekkeskov, S., Kash, S. F. (1998). Local GABA circuit control of experience-dependent plasticity in developing visual cortex. Science, 282, 1504-1508.
59. Hoekstra, R. A., Happé, F., Baron-Cohen, S., Ronald, A. (2010). Limited genetic covariance between autistic traits and intelligence: Findings from a longitudinal twin study. American Journal of Medical Genetics, 153B, 994-1007.
60. Hoerder-Suabedissen, A., Oeschger, F. M., Krishnan, M. L., Belgard, T. G., Wang, W. Z., Lee, S., et al. (2013). Expression profiling of mouse subplate reveals a dynamic gene network and disease association with autism and schizophrenia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 110, 3555-3560.
61. Howard, M. A., Rubenstein, J. L. R., Baraban, S. C. (2013). Bidirectional homeostatic plasticity induced by interneuron cell death and transplantation in vivo. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111, 492-497.
62. Jansson-Verkasalo, E., Ruusuvirta, T., Huotilainen, M., Alku, P., Kushnerenko, E., Suominen, K., et al. (2010). Atypical perceptual narrowing in prematurely born infants is associated with compromised language acquisition at 2 years of age. BMC Neuroscience, 11, 88.
63. Johnson, M. H. (1990). Cortical maturation and the development of visual attention in early infancy. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 2, 81-95.
64. Johnson, M. H. (2001). Functional brain development in humans. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2, 475-483.
65. Johnson, M. H. (2005). Subcortical face processing. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 6, 766-774.
66. Johnson, M. H., Griffin, R., Csibra, G., Halit, H., Farroni, T., De Haan, M., et al. (2005). The emergence of the social brain network: Evidence from typical and atypical development. Development and Psychopathology, 17, 599-619.
67. Johnson, M. H. (2011a). Interactive specialization: A domain-general framework for human functional brain development. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, 1, 7-21.
68. Johnson, M. H. (2011b). Face processing as brain adaptation at multiple time scales. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 64, 1873-1888.
69. Johnson, M. H. (2012). Executive function and developmental disorders: The flip side of the coin. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 16, 454-457.
70. Johnson, M. H. (in press). Neurobiological perspectives on developmental psychopathology. InM. Rutter et al. (Eds.), Rutter's child and adolescent psychology (6th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
71. Johnson, S., Hollis, C., Kochhar, P., Hennessy, E., Wolke, D., Marlow, N. (2010). Psychiatric disorders in extremely preterm children: Longitudinal finding at age 11 years in the EPICure study. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 49, 453-463.
72. Jones, E. J. H., Gliga, T., Bedford, R., Charman, T., Johnson, M. H. (2013). Developmental pathways to autism: A review of prospective studies of infants at risk. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews. Advance online publication. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.12.001
73. Jones, W., Klin, A. (2013). Attention to eyes is present but in decline in 2-to 6-month-old infants later diagnosed with autism. Nature. Advance online publication. doi:10.1038/nature12715
74. Kaiser, M. D., Hudac, C. M., Shultz, S., Lee, S. M., Cheung, C., Berken, A. M., et al. (2010). Neural signatures of autism. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 107, 21223-21228.
75. Kang, H. J., Kawasawa, Y. I., Cheng, F., Zhu, Y., Xu, X., Li, M., et al. (2011). Spatio-temporal transcriptome of the human brain Nature, 478, 483-489.
76. Karatoreos, I. N., McEwen, B. S. (2013). Annual Research Review: The neurobiology and physiology of resilience and adaptation across the life course. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54, 337-347.
77. Karmiloff-Smith, A., Casey, B. J., Massand, E., Tomalksi, P., Thomas, M. S. C. (2014). Environmental and genetic influences on neurocognitive development. Clinical Psychological Science. Advance online publication.
78. Karmiloff-Smith, A., Thomas, M., Annaz, D., Humphreys, K., Ewing, S., Brace, N., et al. (2004). Exploring the Williams syndrome face-processing debate: The importance of building developmental trajectories. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 45, 1258-1274.
79. Katz, L. C., Shatz, C. J. (1996). Synaptic activity and the construction of cortical circuits. Science, 274, 1133-1138.
80. Kidd, C., Piantadosi, S. T., Aslin, R. N. (2012). The Goldilocks effect: Human infants allocate attention to visual sequences that are neither too simple nor too complex. PLOS ONE, 7, e36399.
81. Knafo, A., Israel, S., Ebstein, R. P. (2011). Heritability of children's prosocial behavior and differential susceptibility to parenting by variation in the dopamine receptor D4 gene. Development and Psychopathology, 23, 53-67.
82. Kroon, T., Sierksma, M. C., Meredith, R. M. (2013). Investigating mechanisms underlying neurodevelopmental phenotypes of autistic and intellectual disability disorders: A perspective. Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, 7, 75.
83. Laland, K. N., Odling-Smee, J., Feldman, M. W. (2000). Niche construction, biological evolution, and cultural change. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 23, 131-146.
84. LeBlanc, J. J., Fagiolini, M. (2011). Autism: A "critical period" disorder? Neural Plasticity, 2011.
85. Lewkowicz, D. J., Ghazanfar, A. A. (2009). The emergence of multisensory systems through perceptual narrowing. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 13, 470-478.
86. Li, Y., Yang, J., Scherf, K. S., Li, P. (2013). Two faces, two languages: An fMRI study of bilingual picture naming. Brain and Language, 127, 452-462.
87. Liston, C., Malter Cohen, M., Teslovich, T., Levenson, D., Casey, B. J. (2011). Atypical prefrontal connectivity in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Pathway to disease or pathological end point? Biological Psychiatry, 69, 1168-1177.
88. Lloyd-Fox, S., Blasi, A., Elwell, C. E., Charman, T., Murphy, D., Johnson, M. H. (2013). Reduced neural sensitivity to social stimuli in infants at risk for autism. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 280, 2012-3026.
89. Lombardo, M. V., Chakrabarti, B., Bullmore, E. T., Baron-Cohen, S. (2011). Specialization of right temporo-parietal junction for mentalizing and its relation to social impairments in autism. NeuroImage, 56, 1832-1838.
90. Losh, M., Adolphs, R., Poe, M. D., Couture, S., Penn, D., Baranek, G. T., et al. (2009). Neuropsychological profile of autism and the broad autism phenotype. Archives of General Psychiatry, 66, 518-526.
91. Luthar, S. S., Cicchetti, D. (2000). The construct of resilience: Implications for interventions and social policies. Development and Psychopathology, 12, 857-885.
92. Maffei, A., Nataraj, K., Nelson, S. B., Turrigiano, G. G. (2006). Potentiation of cortical inhibition by visual deprivation. Nature, 443, 81-84.
93. Maffei, A., Nelson, S. B., Turrigiano, G. G. (2004). Selective reconfiguration of layer 4 visual cortical circuitry by visual deprivation. Nature Neuroscience, 7, 1353-1359.
94. Maffei, A., Turrigiano, G. G. (2008). Multiple modes of network homeostasis in visual cortical layer 2/3. Journal of Neuroscience, 28, 4377-4384.
95. Masten, A. S. (2007). Resilience in developing systems: Progress and promise as the fourth wave rises. Development and Psychopathology, 19, 921-930.
96. McClelland, J. L., McNaughton, B. L., O'Reilly, R. C. (1995). Why there are complementary learning systems in the hippocampus and neocortex: Insights from the successes and failures of connectionist models of learning and memory. Psychological Review, 102, 419-457.
97. Menon, V. (2013). Developmental pathways to functional brain networks: Emerging principles. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 17, 627-640.
98. Meredith, R. M., Dawitz, J., Kramvis, I. (2012). Sensitive time-windows for susceptibility in neurodevelopmental disorders. Trends in Neurosciences, 35, 335-344.
99. Michalon, A., Sidorov, M., Ballard, T. M., Ozmen, L., Spooren, W., Wettstein, J. G., et al. (2012). Chronic pharmacological mGlu5 inhibition corrects fragile X in adult mice. Neuron, 74, 49-56.
100. Milne, E. (2011). Increased intra-participant variability in children with autistic spectrum disorders: Evidence from single-trial analysis of evoked EEG. Frontiers in Perception Science, 2, 51.
101. Ozonoff, S., Iosif, A.-M., Baguio, F., Cook, I. C., Hill, M. M., Hutman, T., et al. (2010). A Prospective study of the emergence of early behavioral signs of autism. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 49, 256-266.
102. Ozonoff, S., Iosif, A.-M., Young, G. S., Hepburn, S., Thompson, M., Colombi, C., et al. (2011). Onset patterns in autism: Correspondence between home video and parent report. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 50, 796-806.
103. Pantev, C., Oostenveld, R., Engelien, A., Ross, B., Roberts, L. E., Hoke, M. (1998). Increased auditory cortical representation in musicians. Nature, 392, 811-814.
104. Parikshak, N. N., Luo, R., Zhang, A., Won, H., Lowe, J. K., Chandran, V., et al. (2013). Integrative functional genomic analyses implicate specific molecular pathways and circuits in autism. Cell, 155, 1008-1021.
105. Penzes, P., Cahill, M. E., Jones, K. A., VanLeeuwen, J. E., Woolfrey, K. M. (2011). Dendritic spine pathology in neuropsychiatric disorders. Nature Neuroscience, 14, 285-293.
106. Pierce, K., Müller, R.-A., Ambrose, J., Allen, G., Courchesne, E. (2001). Face processing occurs outside the fusiform "face area" in autism: Evidence from functional MRI. Brain, 124, 2059-2073.
107. Pluess, M., Belsky, J. (2009). Differential susceptibility to rearing experience: The case of childcare. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 50, 396-404.
108. Reiersen, A. M., Todorov, A. A. (2011). Association between DRD4 genotype and autistic symptoms in DSM-IV ADHD. Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 20, 15-21
109. Rovee-Collier, C., Cuevas, K. (2009). Multiple memory systems are unnecessary to account for infant memory development: An ecological model. Developmental Psychology, 45, 160-174.
110. Rubenstein, J. L. R., Merzenich, M. M. (2003). Model of autism: Increased ratio of excitation/inhibition in key neural systems. Genes, Brain, and Behavior, 2, 255-267.
111. Scarr, S. (1992). Developmental theories for the 1990s: Development and individual differences. Child Development, 63, 1-19.
112. Scheiman, M. M., Hertle, R.W., Kraker, R. T., Beck, R.W., Birch, E. E., Felius, J., et al. (2008). Patching vs atropine to treat amblyopia in children aged 7 to 12 years: A randomized trial. Archives of Ophthalmology, 126, 1634-1642.
113. Schiller, P. H. (1985). A model for the generation of visually guided saccadic eye movements. In D. Rose & V. G. Dobson (Eds.), Models of the visual cortex (pp. 62-70). New York: Wiley.
114. Schroer, R. J., Phelan, M. C., Michaelis, R. C., Crawford, E. C., Skinner, S. A., Cuccaro, M., et al. (1998). Autism and maternally derived aberrations of chromosome 15q. American Journal of Medical Genetics, 76, 327-336.
115. Seybold, B. A., Stanco, A., Cho, K. K. A., Potter, G. B., Kim, C., Sohal, V. S., et al. (2012). Chronic reduction in inhibition reduces receptive field size in mouse auditory cortex. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109, 13829-13834.
116. Shcheglovitov, A., Shcheglovitova, O., Yazawa, M., Portmann, T., Shu, R., Sebastiano, V., et al. (2013). SHANK3 and IGF1 restore synaptic deficits in neurons from 22q13 deletion syndrome patients. Nature, 503, 267-271.
117. Shen, M. D., Nordahl, C.W., Young, G. S., Wootton-Gorges, S. L., Lee, A., Liston, S. E., et al. (2013). Early brain enlargement and elevated extraaxial fluid in infants who develop autism spectrum disorder. Brain, 136, 2825-2835.
118. Shultz, T. R., Rivest, F., Egri, L., Thivierge, J.-P., Dandurand, F. (2007). Could knowledge-based neural learning be useful in developmental robotics? The case of KBCC. International Journal of Humanoid Robotics, 4, 245-279.
119. Soden, M. E., Chen, L. (2010). Fragile-X protein FMRP is required for homeostatic plasticity and regulation of synaptic strength by retinoic acid. Journal of Neuroscience, 30, 16910-16921.
120. Stanner, S. A., Yudkin, J. S. (2001). Fetal programming and the Leningrad Siege study. Twin Research, 4, 287-292.
121. Supekar, K., Uddin, L. Q., Khouzam, A., Phillips, J., Gaillard, W. D., Kenworthy, L. E., et al. (2013). Brain hyperconnectivity in children with autism and its links to social deficits. Cell Reports, 5, 738-747.
122. Sur, M., Leamey, C. A. (2001). Development and plasticity of cortical areas and networks. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2, 251-262.
123. Thatcher, R. W. (1992). Cyclic cortical reorganization during early childhood. Brain and Cognition, 20, 24-50.
124. Thivierge, J. P., Titone, D., Shultz, T. R. (2005). Simulating frontotemporal pathways involved in lexical ambiguity resolution. Poster presented at the 27th annual conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Stresa, Italy, July 21-23.
125. Thomas, M. S. C., Knowland, V. C. P., Karmiloff-Smith, A. (2011). Mechanisms of developmental regression in autism and the broader phenotype: A neural network modeling approach. Psychological Review, 118, 637-654.
126. Toyoizumi, T., Miyamoto, H., Yazaki-Sugiyama, Y., Atapour, N., Hensch, T. K., Miller, K. D. (2013). A theory of the transition to critical period plasticity: Inhibition selectively suppresses spontaneous activity. Neuron, 80, 51-63.
127. Turrigiano, G. (2011). Too many cooks? Intrinsic and synaptic homeostatic mechanisms in cortical circuit refinement. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 34, 89-103.
128. Turrigiano, G. G., Nelson, S. B. (2004). Homeostatic plasticity in the developing nervous system. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 5, 97-107.
129. Uddin, L. Q., Supekar, K., Menon, V. (2013). Reconceptualizing functional brain connectivity in autism from a developmental perspective. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 7, 458.
130. van den Heuvel, M. P., Stam, C. S., Kahn, R. S., Pol, H. E. (2009). Efficiency of functional brain networks and intellectual performance. Journal of Neuroscience, 29, 7619-7624.
131. Vislay, R. L., Martin, B. S., Olmos-Serrano, J. L., Kratovac, S., Nelson, D. L., Corbin, J. G., et al. (2013). Homeostatic responses fail to correct defective amygdala inhibitory circuit maturation in fragile X syndrome. Journal of Neuroscience, 33, 7548-7558.
132. Vissers, M. E., Cohen, M., Geurts, H. M. (2012). Brain connectivity and high functioning autism: A promising path of research that needs refined models, methodological convergence, and stronger behavioral links. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 36, 604-625.
133. Voineagu, I., Wang, X., Johnston, P., Lowe, J. K., Tian, Y., Horvath, S., et al. (2011). Transcriptomic analysis of autistic brain reveals convergent molecular pathology. Nature, 474, 380-384.
134. Vygotsky, L. S. (1991). Genesis of the higher mental functions. Learning to Think, 2, 32.
135. Wass, S. V., Scerif, G., Johnson, M. H. (2012). Training attentional control and working memory-Is younger, better? Developmental Review, 32, 360-387.
136. Williams, J. H. G., Waiter, G. D., Gilchrist, A., Perrett, D. I., Murray, A. D., Whiten, A. (2006). Neural mechanisms of imitation and "mirror neuron" functioning in autistic spectrum disorder. Neuropsychologia, 44, 610-621.
137. Willsey, A. J., Sanders, S. J., Li, M., Dong, S., Tebbenkamp, A. T., Muhle, R. A., et al. (2013). Coexpression networks implicate human midfetal deep cortical projection neurons in the pathogenesis of autism. Cell, 155, 997-1007.
138. Wolff, J. J., Gu, H., Gerig, G., Elison, J. T., Styner, M., Gouttard, S., et al. (2012). Differences in white matter fiber tract development present from 6 to 24 months in infants with autism. American Journal of Psychiatry, 169, 589-600.
139. Yerys, B. E., Wallace, G. L., Sokoloff, J. L., Shook, D. A., James, J. D., Kenworthy, L. (2009). Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms moderate cognition and behavior in children with autism spectrum disorders. Autism Research, 2, 322-333.
140. Yizhar, O., Fenno, L. E., Prigge, M., Schneider, F., Davidson, T. J., O'Shea, D. J., et al. (2011). Neocortical excitation/inhibition balance in information processing and social dysfunction. Nature, 477, 171-178.
141. Zhang, L. I., Bao, S., Merzenich, M. M. (2002). Disruption of primary auditory cortex by synchronous auditory inputs during a critical period. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 99, 2309-2314.
142. Zikopoulos, B., Barbas, H. (2013). Altered neural connectivity in excitatory and inhibitory cortical circuits in autism. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 7, 609.
143. Zoghbi, H. Y. (2003). Postnatal neurodevelopmental disorders: Meeting at the synapse? Science, 302, 826-830.