Avian immunoglobulin y and its application in human health and disease

Nutraceutical Proteins and Peptides in Health and Disease

Volumn , Issue , 2005, Pages 161-189

  Kovacs Nolan, Jennifer ^a   Mine, Yoshinori ^a   Hatta, Hajime ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GUELPH   (Canada)

^b KYOTO WOMEN'S UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84926250480     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter

References (177)

1. F. Klemperer. Ueber naturliche Immunitat und ihre Verwertung fur die Immunisierungstherapie. Archiv fur Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie 31: 356-382, 1893.
2. R.M. Reilly, R. Domingo, J. Sandhu. Oral delivery of antibodies: future pharmacokinetic trends. Clin. Pharmacokinet., 4: 313-323, 1997.
3. D. Carlander, H. Kollberg, P.-E. Wejaker, A. Larsson. Peroral immunotherapy with yolk antibodies for the prevention and treatment of enteric infections. Immunol. Res., 21: 1-6, 2000.
4. H. Hatta, M. Ozeki, K. Tsuda. Egg yolk antibody IgG and its application. In: T. Yamamoto, L.R. Juneja, H. Hatta, M. Kim (Eds.) Hen Eggs: Their Basic and Applied Science. New York: CRC Press, 151-178, 1997.
5. A. Larsson, D. Carlander. Oral immunotherapy with yolk antibodies to prevent infections in humans and animals. Ups. J. Med. Sci., 108: 129-140, 2003.
6. J.A. Wooley, J. Landon. Comparison of antibody production to human interleukin-6 (IL-6) by sheep and chickens. J. Immunol. Meth., 178: 253-265, 1995.
7. D. Carlander, J. Stalberg, A. Larsson. Chicken antibodies: a clinical chemistry perspective. Ups. J. Med. Sci., 104: 179-190, 1999.
8. M.R. Loeken, T.F. Roth. Analysis of maternal IgG subpopulations which are transported into the chicken oocyte. Immunology, 49: 21-28, 1983.
9. R.L. Tressler, T.F. Roth. IgG receptors on the embryonic chick yolk sac. J. Biol. Chem., 262: 15406-15412, 1987.
10. S.L. Morrison, M.S. Mohammed, L.A. Wims, R. Trinh, R. Etches. Sequences in antibody molecules important for receptor-mediated transport into the chicken egg yolk. Mol. Immunol., 38: 619-625, 2002.
11. M.E. Rose, E. Orlans, N. Buttress. Immunoglobulin classes in the hen's eggs: their segregation in yolk and white. Eur. J. Immunol., 4: 521-523, 1974.
12. G.A. Leslie, L.N. Martin. Studies on the secretory immunologic system of fowl. Serum and secretory IgA of the chicken. J. Immunol., 110: 1-9, 1973.
13. R. Schade, C. Pfister, R. Halatsch, P. Henklein. Polyclonal IgY antibodies from chicken egg yolk-an alternative to the production of mammalian IgG type antibodies in rabbits. ATLA, 19: 403-119, 1991.
14. X. Li, T. Nakano, H.H. Sunwoo, B.H. Paek, H.S. Chae, J.S. Sim. Effects of egg and yolk weights on yolk antibody (IgY) production in laying chickens. Poult. Sci., 77: 266-270, 1997.
15. A. Larsson, D. Carlander, M. Wilhelmsson. Antibody response in laying hens with small amounts of antigen. Food Agric. Immunol., 10: 29-36, 1998.
16. W. Knecht, R. Kohler, M. Minet, M. Loffler. Anti-peptide immunoglobulins from rabbit and chicken eggs recognize recombinant human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase and a 44-kDa protein from rat liver mitochondria. Eur. J. Biochem., 236: 6009-6013, 1996.
17. M. Gassmann, P. Thommes, T. Weiser, U. Hubscher. Efficient production of chicken egg yolk antibodies against a conserved mammalian protein. FASEB J., 4: 2528-2532, 1990.
18. J.M. Sharma. Introduction to poultry vaccines and immunity. Adv. Vet. Med., 41: 481-494, 1999.
19. O.J. Cotterill, L.E. McBee. Egg breaking. In: W.J. Stadelman, O.J. Cotterill (Eds.) Egg Science and Technology, 4th Edition. New York: The Haworth Press, Inc., 1995, 231-263.
20. A. Larsson, R. Balow, T.L. Lindahl, P. Forsberg. Chicken antibodies: taking advantage of evolution; a review. Poult. Sci., 72: 1807-1812, 1993.
21. J.S. Sim, H.H. Sunwoo, E.N. Lee. Ovoglobulin IgY. In: A.S. Naidu (Ed.) Natural Food Antimicrobial Systems. New York: CRC Press, 2000, 227-252.
22. E.M. Akita, S. Nakai. Immunoglobulins from egg yolk: isolation and purification. J. Food Sci., 57: 629-634, 1992.
23. H. Kim, S. Nakai. Immunoglobulin separation from egg yolk: a serial filtration system. J. Food Sci., 61: 510-523, 1996.
24. H. Kim, S. Nakai. Simple separation of immunoglobulin from egg yolk by ultrafiltration. J. Food Sci., 63: 485-490, 1998.
25. J.C. Jensenius, I. Anderson, J. Hau, M. Crone, C. Koch. Eggs: conveniently packaged antibodies. Method for purification of yolk IgG. J. Immunol. Meth., 46: 63-68, 1981.
26. J.C. Jensenius, C. Koch. On the purification of IgG from egg yolk. J. Immunol. Meth., 164: 141-142, 1993.
27. S. Nakai, E. Li-Chan, K.V. Lo. Separation of immunoglobulin from egg yolk, In: J.S. Sim, S. Nakai (Eds.) Egg Uses and Processing Technologies. New Developments. Wallingford, UK: CAB International, 1994, 94-105.
28. L. Svendsen, A. Crowley, L.H. Ostergaard, G. Stodulski, J. Haul, Development and comparison of purification strategies for chicken antibodies from egg yolk. Lab. Anim. Sci., 45: 89-93, 1995.
29. H. Bade, H. Stegemann. Rapid method of extraction of antibodies from hen egg yolk. J. Immunol. Meth., 71: 421-426, 1984.
30. A. Polson, T. Coetzer, J. Kruger, E. von Maltzahn, K.J. van der Merwe. Improvements in the isolation of IgY from the yolks of eggs laid by immunized hens. Immunol. Invest., 14: 323-327, 1985.
31. H. Hatta, J.S. Sim, S. Nakai. Separation of phospholipids from egg yolk and recovery of water-soluble proteins. J. Food Sci., 53: 425-431, 1988.
32. A. Polson. Isolation of IgY from the yolks of eggs by a chloroform polyethylene glycol procedure. Immunol. Invest., 19: 253-258, 1990.
33. L. Kwan, E. Li-Chan, N. Helbig, S. Nakai. Fractionation of water-soluble and -insoluble components from egg yolk with minimum use of organic solvents. J. Food Sci., 56: 1537-1541, 1991.
34. T. Horikoshi, J. Hiraoka, M. Saito, S. Hamada. IgG antibody from hen egg yolk: purification by ethanol fractionation. J. Food Sci., 58: 739-742, 993.
35. R.D. McLaren, C.G. Prosser, R.C.J. Grieve, M. Borissenko. The use of caprylic acid for the extraction of the immunoglobulin fraction from egg yolk of chickens immunised with bovine α-lactalbumin. J. Immunol. Meth., 177: 175-184, 1994.
36. A. Polson, M.B. von Wechmar, M.H. van Regenmortel. Isolation of viral IgY antibodies from yolks of immunized hens. Immunol. Commn., 9: 475-493, 1980.
37. E.M. Akita, S. Nakai. Comparison of four purification methods for the production of immunoglobulins from eggs laid by hens immunized with an enterotoxigenic E. coli strain. J. Immunol. Meth., 160: 207-214, 1993.
38. G. Bizhanov, G. Vyshniauskis. A comparison of three methods for extracting IgY from the egg yolk of hens immunized with Sendai virus. Vet. Res. Commn., 24: 103-113, 2000.
39. H. Hatta, M. Kim, T. Yamamoto. A novel isolation method for hen egg yolk antibody "IgY". Agric. Biol. Chem., 54: 2531-2535, 1990.
40. H.M. Chang, T.C. Lu, C.C. Chen, Y.Y. Tu, J.Y. Hwang. Isolation of immunoglob-ulin from egg yolk by anionic polysaccharides. J. Agric. Food Chem., 48: 995-999, 2000.
41. A.A. McCannel, S. Nakai. Separation of egg yolk immunoglobulins into subpopulations using DEAE-ion exchange chromatography. Can. Inst. Food Sci. Technol. J., 23: 42-16, 1990.
42. J. Fichtali, E.A. Charter, K.V. Lo, S. Nakai. Separation of egg yolk immunoglobulins using an automated liquid chromatography system. Biotech. Bioeng., 40: 1388-1394, 1992.
43. J. Fichtali, E.A. Charter, K.V. Lo, S. Nakai. Purification of antibodies from industrially separated egg yolk. J. Food Sci., 58: 1282-1290, 1993.
44. A. Hassl, H. Aspock. Purification of egg yolk immunoglobulins. A two-step procedure using hydrophobic interaction chromatography and gel filtration. J. Immunol. Meth., 110: 225-228, 1988.
45. S.C. Gee, I.M. Bate, T.M. Thomas, D.B. Rylatt. The purification of IgY from chicken egg yolk by preparative electrophoresis. Protein Expr. Purif., 30: 151-155, 2003.
46. A.A. McCannel, S. Nakai. Isolation of egg yolk immunoglobulin-rich fractions using copper-loaded metal chelate interaction chromatography. Can. Inst. Food Sci. Technol. J., 22: 487-490, 1989.
47. 3+) affinity chromatography. J. Immunol. Meth., 209: 155-164, 1997.
48. P. Hansen, J.A. Scoble, B. Hanson, N.J. Hoogenraad. Isolation and purification of immunoglobulins from chicken eggs using thiophilic interaction chromatography. J. Immunol. Meth., 215: 1-7, 1998.
49. I. Kuronen, H. Kokko, I. Mononen, M. Parviainen. Hen egg yolk antibodies purified by antigen affinity under highly alkaline conditions provide new tools for diagnostics. Human intact parathyrin as a model antigen. Eur. J. Clin. Chem. Clin. Biochem., 35: 435-440, 1997.
50. G. Fassina, A. Verdoliva, G. Palombo, M. Ruvo, G. Cassani, Immunoglobulin specificity of TG19318: a novel synthetic ligand for antibody affinity purification. J. Mol. Recognit., 11: 128-133, 1998.
51. A. Verdoliva, G. Basile, G. Fassina. Affinity purification of immunoglobulins from chicken egg yolk using a new synthetic ligand. J. Chromatogr. B. Biomed. Sci. Appl., 749: 233-242, 2000.
52. G.W. Warr, K.E. Magor, D.A. Higgins. IgY: clues to the origins of modern antibodies. Immunol. Today, 16: 392-398, 1995.
53. M. Ohta, J. Hamako, S. Yamamoto, H. Hatta, M. Kim, T. Yamamoto, S. Oka, T. Mizuochi, F. Matsuura. Structure of asparagine-linked oligosaccharides from hen egg yolk antibody (IgY). Occurrence of unusual glucosylated oligo-mannose type oligosaccharides in a mature glycoprotein. Glycoconj. J., 8: 400-413, 1991.
54. F. Matsuura, M. Ohta, K. Murakami, Y. Matsuki. Structures of asparagines linked oligosaccharides of immunoglobulins (IgY) isolated from egg-yolk of Japanese quail. Glycoconj. J., 10: 202-213, 1993.
55. A. Polson, M.B. von Wechmar, G. Fazakerley. Antibodies to proteins from yolk of immunized hens. Immunol. Commn., 9: 495-514, 1980.
56. L. Davalos-Pantoja, J.L. Ortega-Vinuesa, D. Bastos-Gonzalez, R. Hidalgo-Alvarez. A comparative study between the adsorption of IgY and IgG on latex particles. J. Biomater. Sci. Polym. Ed., 11: 657-673, 2000.
57. R.T. Hersh, A.A. Benedict. Aggregation of chicken gamma-G immunoglobulin in 1.5 M sodium chloride solution. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 115: 242-244, 1966.
58. D. Carlander, A. Larsson. Avian antibodies can eliminate interference due to complement activation in ELISA. Ups. J. Med. Sci., 106: 189-195, 2001.
59. A Larsson, J Sjöquist. Chicken antibodies: A tool to avoid false positive results by rheumatoid factor in latex fixation tests. J. Immunol. Meth., 108: 205-208, 1988.
60. P.S. Gardner, S. Kaya. Egg globulin in rapid virus diagnosis. J. Virol. Meth., 4: 257-262, 1982.
61. G. Kronvall, U.S. Seal, S. Svensson, R.C. Williams Jr. Phylogenetic aspect of staphylococcal protein A-reactive serum globulins in birds and mammals. Acta Pathol. Microbiol. Scandi., Section B 82: 12-18, 1974.
62. M. Shimizu, H. Nagashima, K. Sano, K. Hashimoto, M. Ozeki, K. Tsuda, H. Hatta. Molecular stability of chicken and rabbit immunoglobulin G. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 56: 270-274, 1992.
63. H. Hatta, K. Tsuda, S. Akachi, M. Kim, T. Yamamoto. Productivity and some properties of egg yolk antibody (IgY) against human rotavirus compared with rabbit IgG. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 57: 450-454, 1993.
64. M. Shimizu, H. Nagashima, K. Hashimoto, T. Suzuki. Egg yolk antibody (IgY) stability in aqueous solution with high sugar concentrations. J. Food Sci., 59: 763-766, 1994.
65. H.M. Chang, R.F. Ou-Yang, Y.T. Chen, C.C. Chen. Productivity and some properties of immunoglobulin specific against Streptococcus mutans serotype c in chicken egg yolk (IgY). J. Agric. Food Chem., 47: 61-66, 1999.
66. M. Shimizu, H. Nagashima, K. Hashimoto. Comparative studies on molecular stability of immunoglobulin G from different species. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 106B: 255-261, 1993.
67. K.A. Lee, S.K. Chang, Y.J. Lee, J.H. Lee, N.S. Koo. Acid stability of anti-Helicobacter pylori IgY in aqueous polyol solution. J. Biochem. Mol. Biol., 35: 488-493, 2002.
68. I. Pilz, E. Schwarz, W. Palm. Small-angle X-ray studies of the human immunoglobulin molecule. Eur. J. Biochem., 75: 195-199, 1977.
69. M. Shimizu, R.C. Fitzsimmons, S. Nakai. Anti-E. coli immunoglobulin Y isolated from egg yolk of immunized chickens as a potential food ingredient. J. Food Sci., 53: 1360-1366, 1988.
70. H. Otani, K. Matsumoto, A. Saeki, A. Hosono. Comparative studies on properties of hen egg yolk IgY and rabbit serum IgG antibodies. Lebensm. Wiss. Technol., 24: 152-158, 1991.
71. H. Hatta, K. Tsuda, S. Akachi, M. Kim, T. Yamamoto, T. Ebina. Oral passive immunization effect of anti-human rotavirus IgY and its behavior against proteolytic enzymes. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 57: 1077-1081, 1993.
72. Y. Ikemori, M. Ohta, K. Umeda, R.C. Peralta, M. Kuroki, H. Yokoyama, Y. Kodama. Passage of chicken egg yolk antibodies treated with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate in the gastrointestinal tract of calves. J. Vet. Med. Sci., 58: 365-367, 1996.
73. H. Yokoyama, R.C. Peralta, S. Sendo, Y. Ikemori, Y. Kodama. Detection of passage and absorption of chicken egg yolk immunoglobulins in the gastrointestinal tract of pigs by use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and fluorescent antibody testing. Am. J. Vet. Res., 54: 867-872, 1993.
74. M. Shimizu, Y. Miwa, K. Hashimoto, A. Goto. Encapsulation of chicken egg yolk immunoglobulin G (IgY) by liposomes. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 57: 1445-1449, 1993.
75. A. Casadevall, M.D. Scharff. Return to the past: the case for antibody-based therapies in infectious diseases. Clin. Infect. Dis., 21: 150-161, 1995.
76. M. Wierup. The control of microbial diseases in animals: alternatives to the use of antibodies. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents, 14: 315-319, 2000.
77. F.K. Wills, R.E. Luginbuhl. The use of egg yolk for passive immunization of chickens against Newcastle disease. Avian Dis., 7: 5-12, 1963.
78. P.G. Box, R.A. Stedman, L. Singleton. Newcastle disease. I. The use of egg yolk derived antibody for passive immunization of chickens. J. Comp. Pathol., 79: 495-506, 1969.
79. V. Kermani-Arab, T. Moll, W.C. Davis, B.R. Cho, Y.S. Lu, G.A. Leslie. Immunoglobulins and anti-Marek's disease virus antibody synthesis in chickens after passive immunization with immunoglobulin Y anti-Marek's disease virus antibody. Am. J. Vet. Res., 36: 1655-1661, 1975.
80. R.B. Sack. Antimicrobial prophylaxis of travellers' diarrhea: a selected summary. Rev. Infect. Dis., 8: S160-S166, 1986.
81. H.W. Moon, S.C. Whipp, S.M. Skartvedt. Etiologic diagnosis of diarrheal diseases of calves: frequency and methods for detecting enterotoxic and K99 antigen produced by Escherichia coli. Am. J. Vet. Res., 37: 1025-1029, 1976.
82. J.A. Morris, W.J. Sojka. Escherichia coli as a pathogen in animals. In: M. Sussman (Ed.) The Virulence of Escherichia coli. London: Academic Press, Inc., 1985, 47-77.
83. H. Yokoyama, R.C. Peralta, R. Diaz, S. Sendo, Y. Ikemori, Y. Kodama. Passive protective effect of chicken egg yolk immunoglobulins against experimental enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infection in neonatal piglets. Infect. Immun., 60: 998-1007, 1992.
84. L.Z. Jin, K. Samuel, K. Baidoo, R.R. Marquardt, A.A. Frohlich. In vitro inhibition of adhesion of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88 to piglet intestinal mucus by egg yolk antibodies. FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol., 21: 313-321, 1998.
85. R.R. Marquardt, L.Z. Jin, J.W. Kim, L. Fang, A.A. Frohlich, S.K. Baidoo. Passive protective effect of egg yolk antibodies against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88+ infection in neonatal and early weaned piglets. FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol., 23: 283-288, 1999.
86. H. Imberechts, P. Deprez, E. Van Driessche, P. Pohl. Chicken egg yolk antibodies against F18ab fimbriae of Escherichia coli inhibit shedding of F18 positive E. coli by experimentally infected pigs. Vet. Microbiol., 54: 329-341, 1997.
87. Y. Ikemori, M. Kuroki, R.C. Peralta, H. Yokoyama, Y. Kodama. Protection of neonatal calves against fatal enteric colibacillosis by administration of egg yolk powder from hens immunized with K99-piliated enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. Am. Vet. Res., 53: 2005-2008, 1992.
88. C. O'Farrelly, D. Branton, C.A. Wanke. Oral ingestion of egg yolk immunoglobulin from hens immunized with an enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli strain prevents diarrhea in rabbits challenged with the same strain. Infect. Immun., 60: 2593-2597, 1992.
89. J.A. Amaral, M. Tino De Franco, M.M. Carneiro-Sampaio, S.B. Carbonare. Anti-enteropathogenic Escherichia coli immunoglobulin Y isolated from eggs laid by immunised Leghorn chickens. Res. Vet. Sci., 72: 229-234, 2002.
90. C.M. de Almeida, V.M. Quintana-Flores, E. Medina-Acosta, A. Schriefer, M. Barral-Netto, W. Dias da Silva. Egg yolk anti-BfpA antibodies as a tool for recognizing and identifying enteropathogenic Escherichia coli. Scand. J. Immunol., 57: 573-582, 2003.
91. C. Bell, A. Kyriakides. Salmonella: A Practical Approach to the Organism and Its Control in Foods. New York: Blackie, Academic & Professional, 1998.
92. E.N. Lee, H.H. Sunwoo, K. Menninen, J.S. Sim. In vitro studies of chicken egg yolk antibodies (IgY) against Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella typhimurium. Poult. Sci., 81: 632-641, 2002.
93. Y. Sugita-Konishi, K. Shibata, S.S. Yun, H.K. Yukiko, K. Yamaguchi, S. Kumagai. Immune functions of immunoglobulin Y isolated from egg yolk of hens immunized with various infectious bacteria. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 60: 886-888, 1996.
94. Y. Sugita-Konishi, M. Ogawa, S. Arai, S. Kumagai, S. Igimi, M. Shimizu, Blockade of Salmonella enteritidis passage across the basolateral barriers of human intestinal epithelial cells by specific antibody. Microbiol. Immunol., 44: 473-479, 2000.
95. A. Isibasi, V. Ortiz, M. Vargas, J. Paniagua, C. Gonzales, J. Moreno, J. Kumate. Protection against Salmonella typhi infection in mice after immunization with outer membrane proteins isolated from Salmonella typhi 9, 12, d, VI. Infect. Immun., 56: 2953-2959, 1988.
96. V. Udhayakumar, V.R. Muthukkaruppan. Protective immunity induced by outer membrane proteins of Salmonella typhimurium in mice. Infect. Immun., 55: 816-821, 1987.
97. H.H. Sunwoo, T. Nakano, T. Dixon, J.S. Sim. Immune responses in chicken against lipopolysaccharides of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. Poult. Sci., 75: 342-345, 1996.
98. Y. Mine. Separation of Salmonella enteritidis from experimentally contaminated liquid eggs using a hen IgY immobilized immunomagnetic separation system. J. Agric. Food Chem., 45: 3723-3727, 1997.
99. C.J. Thorns, M.G. Sojka, D. Chasey. Detection of a novel fimbrial structure on the surface of Salmonella enteritidis by using a monoclonal antibody. J. Clin. Microbiol., 28: 2409-2414, 1990.
100. C.J. Thorns, M.G. Sojka, M. McLaren, M. Dibb-Fuller. Characterization of monoclonal antibodies against a fimbrial structure of Salmonella enteritidis and certain other serogroup D salmonellae and their application as serotyping reagents. Res. Vet. Sci., 53: 300-308, 1992.
101. H. Yokoyama, K. Umeda, R.C. Peralta, T. Hashi, F. Icatlo, M. Kuroki, Y. Ikemori, Y. Kodama. Oral passive immunization against experimental salmonellosis in mice using chicken egg yolk antibodies specific for Salmonella enteritidis and S. typhimurium. Vaccine, 16: 388-393, 1998.
102. R.C. Peralta, H. Yokoyama, Y. Ikemori, M. Kuroki, Y. Kodama. Passive immunization against experimental salmonellosis in mice by orally administered hen egg yolk antibodies specific for 14-kDa fimbriae of Salmonella enteritidis. J. Med. Microbiol., 41: 29-35, 1994.
103. H. Yokoyama, R.C. Peralta, K. Umeda, T. Hashi, F.C. Icatlo, M. Kuroki, Y. Ikemori, Y. Kodama. Prevention of fatal salmonellosis in neonatal calves, using orally administered chicken egg yolk Salmonella-specific antibodies. Am. J. Vet. Res., 59: 416-420, 1998.
104. R.H. Yolken, F. Leister, S.B. Wee, R. Miskuff, S. Vonderfecht. Antibodies to rotavirus in chickens' eggs: a potential source of antiviral immunoglobulins suitable for human consumption. Pediatrics, 81: 291-295, 1988.
105. J.E. Ludert, A.A. Krishnaney, J.W. Burns, P.T. Vo, H.B. Greenberg. Cleavage of rotavirus VP4 in vivo. J. Gen. Virol., 77: 391-395, 1996.
106. H.F. Clark, R.I. Glass, P.A. Offit. Rotavirus vaccines. In: S.A. Plotkin, W.A. Orentstein (Eds.) Vaccines, 3rd Edition. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company, 1999, 987-1005.
107. A.Z. Kapikian, R.M. Chanock. Rotaviruses. In: B.N. Fields, D.N. Knipe, P.M. Howley, R.M. Chanock, J.L. Melnick, T.P. Monath, B. Rolzman, S.E. Strauss (Eds.) Fields Virology, 3rd Edition. New York: Raven Press, 1996, 1657-1708.
108. C. Hochwald, L. Kivela. Rotavirus vaccine, live, oral, tetravalent (RotaShield). Pediatr. Nurs., 25: 203-204, 1999.
109. T. Ebina. Prophylaxis of rotavirus gastroenteritis using immunoglobulin. Arch. Virol. (Suppl.) 12: 217-223, 1996.
110. J. Kovacs-Nolan, E. Sasaki, D. Yoo, Y. Mine. Cloning and expression of human rotavirus spike protein, VP8*, in Escherichia coli. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commn., 282: 1183-1188, 2001.
111. S.A. Sarker, T.H. Casswall, L.R. Juneja, E. Hoq, E. Hossain, G.J. Fuchs, L. Hammarstrom. Randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial of hyperimmunized chicken egg yolk immunoglobulin in children with rotavirus diarrhea. J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr., 32: 19-25, 2001.
112. J. Lee, L.A. Babiuk, R. Harland, E. Gibbons, Y. Elazhary, D. Yoo. Immunological response to recombinant VP8* subunit protein of bovine rotavirus in pregnant cattle. J. Gen. Virol., 76: 2477-2483, 1995.
113. M. Kuroki, Y. Ikemori, H. Yokoyama, R.C. Peralta, F.C. Icatlo Jr., Y. Kodama. Passive protection against bovine rotavirus-induced diarrhea in murine model by specific immunoglobulins from chicken egg yolk. Vet. Microbiol., 37: 135-146, 1993.
114. M. Kuroki, Y. Ohta, Y. Ikemori, R.C. Peralta, H. Yokoyama, Y. Kodama. Passive protection against bovine rotavirus in calves by specific immunoglobulins from chicken egg yolk. Arch. Virol., 138: 143-148, 1994.
115. S. Hamada, H.D. Slade. Biology, immunology, and cariogenicity of Streptococcus mutans. Microbiol. Rev., 44: 331-384, 1980.
116. S. Otake, Y. Nishihara, M. Makimura, H. Hatta, M. Kim, T. Yamamoto, M. Hirasawa. Protection of rats against dental caries by passive immunization with hen egg yolk antibody (IgY). J. Dent. Res., 70: 162-166, 1991.
117. S. Hamada, T. Horikoshi, T. Minami, S. Kawabata, J. Hiraoka, T. Fujiwara, T. Ooshima. Oral passive immunization against dental caries in rats by use of hen egg yolk antibodies specific for cell-associated glucosyltransferase of Streptococcus mutans. Infect. Immun., 59: 4161-4167, 1991.
118. H. Hatta, K. Tsuda, M. Ozeki, M. Kim, T. Yamamoto, S. Otake, M. Hirosawa, J. Katz, N.K. Childers, S.M. Michalek. Passive immunization against dental plaque formation in humans: effect of a mouth rinse containing egg yolk antibodies (IgY) specific to Streptococcus mutans. Caries Res., 31: 268-274, 1997.
119. D.J. Smith, W.F. King, R. Godiska. Passive transfer of immunoglobulin Y to Streptococcus mutans glucan binding protein B can confer protection against experimental dental caries. Infect. Immun., 69: 3135-3142, 2001.
120. B.E. Dunn, H. Cohen, M.J. Blaser. Helicobacter pylori. Clin. Microbiol. Rev., 10: 720-741, 1997.
121. J.-H. Shin, M. Yang, S.W. Nam, J.T. Kim, N.H. Myung, W.-G. Bang, I.H. Roe. Use of egg yolk-derived immunoglobulin as an alternative to antibiotic treatment for control of Helicobacter pylori infection. Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol., 9: 1061-1066, 2002.
122. I.H. Roe, S.W. Nam, M.R. Yang, N.H. Myung, J.T. Kim, J.H. Shin. The promising effect of egg yolk antibody (immunoglobulin yolk) on the treatment of Helicobacter pylori-associated gastric diseases. Korean J. Gastroenterol., 39: 260-268, 2002.
123. J.-H. Shin, S.-W. Nam, J.-T. Kim, J.-B. Yoon, W.-G. Bang, I.-H. Roe. Identification of immunodominant Helicobacter pylori proteins with reactivity to H. pylori-specific egg-yolk immunoglobulin. J. Med. Microbiol., 52: 217-222, 2003.
124. D.J. Shale, J.S. Elborn. Lung injury. In: D.J. Shale (Ed.) Cystic Fibrosis. London: BMJ Publishing Group, 1996, 62-78.
125. H. Kollberg, D. Carlander, H. Olesen, P.-E. Wejaker, M. Johannesson, A. Larsson. Oral administration of specific yolk antibodies (IgY) may prevent Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in patients with cystic fibrosis: a phase I feasibility study. Pediatr. Pulmonol., 35: 433-440, 2003.
126. D.O. Carlander, J. Sundstrom, A. Berglund, A. Larsson, B. Wretlind, H.O. Kollberg. Immunoglobulin Y (IgY) - a new tool for the prophylaxis against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis patients. Pediatr. Pulmonol., (Suppl) 19: 241 (Abstract), 1999.
127. D. Carlander, H. Kollberg, P.E. Wejaker, A. Larsson. Prevention of chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization by gargling with specific antibodies: a preliminary report. In: J.S. Sim, S. Nakai, W. Guenter (Eds.) Egg Nutrition and Biotechnology. New York: CABI Publishing, 2000, 371-374.
128. D. Carlander, H. Kollberg, A. Larsson. Retention of specific yolk IgY in the human oral cavity. BioDrugs 16: 433-437, 2002.
129. JW Hay, AR Hay. Inflammatory bowel disease: costs-of-illness. J. Clin. Gastroenterol., 14: 309-317, 1992.
130. K.L. Worledge, R. Godiska, T.A. Barrett, J.A. Kink. Oral administration of avian tumor necrosis factor antibodies effectively treats experimental colitis in rats. Dig. Dis. Sci., 45: 2298-2305, 2000.
131. W.J. Sandborn, S.B. Hanauer. Antitumor necrosis factor therapy for inflammatory bowel disease: a review of agents, pharmacology, clinical results, and safety. Inflamm. Bowel Dis., 5: 119-133, 1999.
132. R.M.W. Stevenson, D. Flett, B.T. Raymond. Enteric redmouth (ERM) and other enterobacterial infections of fish. In: V Inglis, RJ Roberts, NR Bromage (Eds.) Bacterial Diseases of Fish. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1993, 80-105.
133. S.B. Lee, Y. Mine, R.M.W. Stevenson. Effects of hen egg yolk immunoglobulin in passive protection of rainbow trout against Yersinia ruckeri. J. Agric. Food Chem., 48: 110-115, 2000.
134. H. Hatta, K. Mabe, M. Kim, T. Yamamoto, M.A. Gutierrez, T. Miyazaki. Prevention of fish disease using egg yolk antibody In: J.S. Sim, S. Nakai (Eds.) Egg Uses and Processing Technologies, New Developments. Oxon, UK: CAB International, 1994, 241-249.
135. M.A. Gutierrez, T. Miyazaki, H. Hatta, M. Kim. Protective properties of egg yolk IgY containing anti-Edwardsiella tarda antibody against paracolo disease in the Japanese eel, Anguilla japanica. J. Fish Dis., 16: 113-122, 1993.
136. N. Eterradossi, D. Toquin, H. Abbassi, G. Rivallan, J.P. Cotte, M. Guittet. Passive protection of specific pathogen free chicks against infectious bursal disease by in-ovo injection of semi-purified egg-yolk antiviral immunoglobulins. J. Vet. Med., B44: 371-383, 1997.
137. C.-H. Kweon, B.-J. Kwon, S.-R. Woo, J.-M. Kim, G.-H. Woo, D.-H. Son, W. Hur, Y.-S. Lee. Immunoprophylactic effect of chicken egg yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) in piglets. J. Vet. Med. Sci., 62: 961-964, 2000.
138. Y. Ikemori, M. Ohta, K. Umeda, F.C. Icatlo Jr, M. Kuroki, H. Yokoyama, Y. Kodama. Passive protection of neonatal calves against bovine coronavirus-induced diarrhea by administration of egg yolk or colostrum antibody powder. Vet. Microbiol., 58: 105-111, 1997.
139. V.A. Cama, C.R. Sterling. Hyperimmune hens as a novel source of anti-Cryptosporidium antibodies suitable for passive immune transfer. J. Protozool., 38: 42S-43S, 1991.
140. Y.S. Ling, Y.J. Guo, J.D. Li, L.K. Yang, Y.X. Luo, S.X. Yu, L.Q. Zhen, S.B. Qiu, G.F. Zhu. Serum and egg yolk IgG antibody titres from laying chickens vaccinated with Pasteurella multocida. Avian Dis., 42: 186-189, 1998.
141. N.R. Shin, I.S. Choi, J.M. Kim, W. Hur, H.S. Yoo. Effective methods for the production of immunoglobulin Y using immunogens of Bordatella bronchiseptica, Pasteurella multocida and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. J. Vet. Sci., 3: 47-57, 2002.
142. J. Yang, Z. Jin, Q. Yu, T. Yang, H. Wang, L. Liu. The selective recognition of antibody IgY for digestive system cancers. Chin. J. Biotechnol., 13: 85-90, 1997.
143. B.S. Thalley, S.B. Carroll. Rattlesnakes and scorpion antivenoms from the egg yolk of immunized hens. Biotechnology, 8: 934-937, 1990.
144. C.M. Almeida, M.M. Kanashiro, F.B. Rangel Filho, M.F. Mata, T.L. Kipnis. Development of snake antivenom antibodies in chickens and the purification from yolk. Vet. Rec., 143: 579-584, 1998.
145. J. Fraser, V. Arcus, P. Kong, E. Baker, T. Proft. Superantigens-powerful modifiers of the immune system. Mol. Med. Today, 6: 125-13, 2000.
146. R.D. LeClaire, R.E. Hunt, S. Bavari. Protection against bacterial superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B by passive immunization. Infect. Immun., 70: 2278-2281, 2002.
147. M.S. Sandrin, I.F. McKenzie. Gal alpha(1,3)Gal, the major xenoantigen(s) recognised in pigs by human natural antibodies. Immunol. Rev., 141: 169-190, 1994.
148. J.-F. Bouhours, C. Richard, N. Ruvoen, N. Barreau, J. Naulet, D. Bouhours. Characterization of a polyclonal anti-Galtt1-3Gal antibody from chicken. Glycoconj. J., 15: 93-99, 1998.
149. J.P. Fryer, J. Firca, J.R. Leventhal, B. Blondin, A. Malcolm, D. Ivancic, R. Gandhi, A. Shah, W. Pao, M. Abecassis, D.B. Kaufman, F. Stuart, B. Anderson. IgY antiporcine endothelial cell antibodies effectively block human antiporcine xenoantibody binding. Xenotransplantation, 56: 98-109, 1999.
150. J.R. Leventhal, A. Su, D.B. Kaufman, M.I. Abecassis, F.P. Stuart, B. Anderson, J.P. Fryer. Altered infectivity of porcine endogenous retrovirus by "protective" avian antibodies: implications for pig-to-human xenotransplantation. Transplant. Proc., 33: 690, 2001.
151. R. Schade, C. Staak, C. Hendrikson, M. Erhard, H. Hugl, G. Koch, A. Larsson, W. Pollmann, M. van Regenmortel, E. Rijke, H. Spielmann, H. Steinbush, D. Straughan. The production of avian (egg yolk) antibodies: IgY. ATLA, 24: 925-934, 1996.
152. A. Larsson, A. Karlsson-Parra, J. Sjöquist. Use of chicken antibodies in enzyme immunoassays to avoid interference by rheumatoid factors. Clin. Chem., 37: 411-414, 1991.
153. A. Larsson, H. Mellstedt. Chicken antibodies: a tool to avoid interference by human anti-mouse antibodies in ELISA after in vivo treatment with murine monoclonal antibodies. Hybridoma, 11: 33-39, 1992.
154. F. Noack, D. Helmecke, R. Rosenberg, S. Thorban, H. Nekarda, U. Fink, J. Lewald, M. Stich, K. Schutze, N. Harbeck, V. Magdolen, H. Graeff, M. Schmitt. CD87-positive tumor cells in bone marrow aspirates identified by confocal laser scanning fluorescence microscopy. Int. J. Oncol., 15: 617-623, 1999.
155. N. Grebenschikov, A. Geurts-Moespot, H. De Witte, J. Heuvel, R. Leake, F. Sweep, T. Benraad. A sensitive and robust assay for urokinase and tissue-type plasminogen activators (uPA and tPA) and their inhibitor type I (PAI-1) in breast tumor cytosols. Int. J. Biol. Markers., 12: 6-14, 1997.
156. G.J. Lemamy, P. Roger, J.C. Mani, M. Robert, H. Rochefort, J.P. Brouillet. High-affinity antibodies from hen's egg-yolks against human mannose-6-phosphate/insulin-like growth-factor-II receptor (M6P/IGFII-R): characterization and potential use in clinical cancer studies. Int. J. Cancer, 80: 896-902, 1999.
157. S. Al-Haddad, Z. Zhang, E. Leygue, L. Snell, A. Huang, Y. Niu, T. Hiller- Hitchcock, K. Hole, L.C. Murphy, Psoriasin (S100A7) expression and invasive breast cancer. Am. J. Pathol., 155: 2057-2066, 1999.
158. D.H. Du Plessis, W. Van Wyngaardt, M. Romito, M. Du Plessis, S. Maree. The use of chicken IgY in a double sandwich ELISA for detecting African horsesickness virus. Onderstepoort. J. Vet. Res., 66: 25-28, 1999.
159. A. Cipolla, J. Cordeviola, H. Terzolo, G. Combessies, J. Bardon, N. Ramon, A. Martinez, D. Medina, C. Morsella, R. Malena. Campylobacter fetus diagnosis: direct immunofluorescence comparing chicken IgY and rabbit IgG conjugates. ALTEX, 18: 165-170, 2001.
160. E. Gutierrez Calzado, R.M. Garcia Garrido, R. Schade. Human haemoclassification by use of specific yolk antibodies obtained after immunisation of chickens against human blood group antigens. Alter. Lab. Anim., 29: 717-726, 2001.
161. C. Wu, R. Yang, J. Zhou, S. Bao, L. Zou, P. Zhang, Y. Mao, J. Wu, Q. He. Production and characterisation of a novel chicken IgY antibody raised against C-terminal peptide from human thymidine kinase 1. J. Immunol. Meth., 277: 157-169, 2003.
162. A. Di Lonardo, M. Luisa Marcante, F. Poggiali, E. Hamsøikovà, A. Venuti. Egg yolk antibodies against the E7 oncogenic protein of human papillomavirus type 16. Arch. Virol., 146: 117-125, 2001.
163. F. De Ceuninck, P. Pastoureau, S. Agnellet, J. Bonnet, P.M. Vanhoutte. Development of an enzyme-linked immunoassay for the quantification ofYKL-40 (cartilage gp-39) in guinea pig serum using hen egg yolk antibodies. J. Immunol. Meth., 252: 153-161, 2001.
164. E.C.Y. Li-Chan. Applications of egg immunoglobulins in immunoaffinity chro-matography. In: J.S. Sim, S. Nakai, W. Guenter (Eds.) Egg Nutrition and Biotechnology. New York: CAB International, 2000, 323-339.
165. E.M. Akita, E.C.Y. Li-Chan. Isolation of bovine immunoglobulin G subclasses from milk, colostrums, and whey using immobilized egg yolk antibodies. J. Dairy Sci., 81: 54-63, 1998.
166. H. Kim, T.D. Durance, E.C.Y. Li-Chan. Reusability of avidin-biotinylated immunoglobulin Y columns in immunoaffinity chromatography. Anal. Biochem., 268: 383-397, 1999.
167. E.C.Y. Li-Chan, S.S. Ler, A. Kummer, E.M. Akita. Isolation of lactoferrin by immunoaffinity chromatography using yolk antibodies. J. Food Biochem., 22: 179-195, 1998.
168. J. Kovacs-Nolan, Y. Mine. Avian egg antibodies: basic and potential applications. Avian Poult. Biol. Rev., 15: 25-46, 2004.
169. M. Tini, U.R. Jewell, G. Camenisch, D. Chilov, M. Gassmann. Generation and application of chicken egg-yolk antibodies. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A. Mol. Integr.Physiol., 131: 569-574, 2002.
170. M. Romito, G.J. Viljoen, D.H. Du Plessis. Eliciting antigen-specific egg-yolk IgY with naked DNA. Biotechniques, 31: 670-675, 2001.
171. S. Nishinaka, T. Suzuki, H. Matsuda, M. Murata. A new cell line for the production of chicken monoclonal antibody by hybridoma technology. J. Immunol. Meth., 139: 217-222, 1991.
172. H. Asaoka, S. Nishinaka, N. Wakamiya, H. Matsuda, M. Murata. Two chicken monoclonal antibodies specific for heterophil Hanganutziu-Deicher antigens. Immunol. Lett., 32: 91-96, 1992.
173. H.S. Lillehoj, K. Sasai. Development and characterization of chicken-chicken B cell hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies that detect sporozoite and mero-zoite antigens of Eimeria. Poult. Sci., 73: 1685-1693, 1994.
174. S. Nishinaka, H. Akiba, M. Nakamura, K. Suzuki, T. Suzuki, K. Tsubokura, H. Horiuchi, S. Furusawa, H. Matsuda. Two chicken B cell lines resistant to ouabain for the production of chicken monoclonal antibodies. J. Vet. Med. Sci., 58: 1053-1056, 1996.
175. K. Matsushita, H. Horiuchi, S. Furusawa, M. Horiuchi, M. Shinagawa, H. Matsuda. Chicken monoclonal antibodies against synthetic bovine prion protein peptide. J. Vet. Med. Sci., 60: 777-779, 1998.
176. H. Matsuda, H. Mitsuda, N. Nakamura, S. Furusawa, S. Mohri, T. Kitamoto. A chicken monoclonal antibody with specificity for the N-terminal of human prion protein. FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol., 23: 189-194, 1999.
177. S.M. Mohammed, S. Morrison, L. Wims, K. Ryan Trinh, A.G. Wildeman, J. Bonselaar, R.J. Etches. Deposition of genetically engineered human antibodies into the egg yolk of hens. Immunotechnology, 4: 115-125, 1998.