PCBs, PCDD/Fs, and PBDEs in blood samples of a rural population in South Germany

International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health

Volumn 218, Issue 1, 2015, Pages 41-46

  Fromme, Hermann ^a   Albrecht, Michael ^b   Appel, Markus ^b   Hilger, Bettina ^a   Völkel, Wolfgang ^a   Liebl, Bernhard ^b   Roscher, Eike ^a  

^a Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority   (Germany)

^b Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority   (Germany)

Author keywords

Biomonitoring; Blood; Exposure; PBDE; PCB; PCDD

Indexed keywords

2,3,3',4,4',5-HEXACHLOROBIPHENYL; 2,3,7,8 TETRACHLORODIBENZO PARA DIOXIN; DIPHENYL ETHER DERIVATIVE; PENTABROMODIPHENYL ETHER; POLLUTANT; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL; POLYCHLORODIBENZO-4-DIOXIN;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; ANALOGS AND DERIVATIVES; BLOOD; BODY BURDEN; CHILD; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; FEMALE; GERMANY; HUMAN; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; POLLUTANT; PRESCHOOL CHILD; RURAL POPULATION;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; BODY BURDEN; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS; FEMALE; GERMANY; HALOGENATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; RURAL POPULATION; TETRACHLORODIBENZODIOXIN;

EID: 84925111644     PISSN: 14384639     EISSN: 1618131X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2014.07.004     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Angerer J., Aylward L.L., Hays S.M., Heinzow B., Wilhelm M. Human biomonitoring assessment values: approaches and data requirements. Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health 2011, 214:348-360.
2. Arisawa K., Uemura H., Hiyoshi M., Kitayama A., Takami H., Sawachika F., Nishioka Y., Hasegawa M., Tanto M., Satoh H., Shima M., Sumiyoshi Y., Morinaga K., Kodama K., Suzuki T., Nagai M. Dietary patterns and blood levels of PCDDs, PCDFs, and dioxin-like PCBs in 1656 Japanese individuals. Chemosphere 2011, 82:656-662.
3. ATSDR (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry) Toxicological Profile for Polybrominated Biphenyls and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBBs and PBDEs), US 2004.
4. Aylward L.L., LaKind J.S., Hays S.M. Derivation of biomonitoring equivalent (BE) values for 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and related compounds: a screening tool for interpretation of biomonitoring data in a risk assessment context. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A 2008, 71:1499-1508.
5. Bramwell L., Fernandes A., Rose M., Harrad S., Pless-Mulloli T. PBDEs and PBBs in human serum and breast milk from cohabiting UK couples. Chemosphere 2014, 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.03.060.
6. Brasseur C., Pirard C., Scholl G., De Pauw E., Viel J.-F., Shen L., Reiner E.J., Focant J.-F. Levels of dechloranes and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) inhuman serum from France. Environ. Int. 2014, 65:33-40.
7. Chopra M., Schrenk D. Dioxin toxicity, aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling, and apoptosis-persistent pollutants affect programmed cell death. Crit. Rev. Toxicol. 2011, 41:292-320.
8. Consonni D., Sindaco R., Bertazzi P.A. Blood levels of dioxins, furans, dioxin-like PCBs, and TEQs in general populations: a review, 1989-2010. Environ. Int. 2012, 44:151-162.
9. Curren M.S., Davis K., Liang C.L., Adlard B., Foster W.G., Donaldson S.G., Kandola K., Brewster J., Potyrala M., Van Oostdam J. Comparing plasma concentrations of persistent organic pollutants and metals in primiparous women from northern and southern Canada. Sci. Total Environ. 2014, 479-480:306-318.
10. EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) Scientific opinion on a request from the commission related to the presence non dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) in feed and food. EFSA Panel on contaminants in the food chain. EFSA J. 2005, 284:1-137.
11. EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) Scientific opinion on polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in food. EFSA Panel on contaminants in the food chain (CONTAM). EFSA J. 2011, 9:2156.
12. EPA Exposure and Human Health Reassessment of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin (TCDD) and Related Compounds National Academy Sciences (NAS) Review Draft, Washington, DC 2003, http://www.epa.gov/ncea/pdfs/dioxin/nas-review/ (online).
13. EPA An Exposure Assessment of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers EPA/600/R-08/086F, Washington, DC 2010.
14. Foster W.G., Gregorovich S., Morrison K.M., Atkinson S.A., Kubwabo C., Stewart B., Teo K. Human maternal and umbilical cord blood concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers. Chemosphere 2011, 84:1301-1309.
15. Frederiksen M., Vorkamp K., Thomsen M., Knudsen L.E. Human internal and external exposure to PBDEs - a review of levels and sources. Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health 2009, 212:109-134.
16. Frederiksen M., Thomsen C., Frøshaug M., Vorkamp K., Thomsen M., Becher G., Knudsen L.E. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in paired samples of maternal and umbilical cord blood plasma and associations with house dust in a Danish cohort. Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health 2010, 213:233-242.
17. Fromme H., Albrecht M., Boehmer S., Büchner K., Mayer R., Liebl B., Wittsiepe M., Bolte G. Intake and body burden of dioxin-like compounds in Germany. The INES study. Chemosphere 2009, 76:1457-1463.
18. Fromme H., Körner W., Shahin N., Wanner A., Albrecht M., Boehmer S., Parlar H., Mayer R., Liebl B., Bolte G. Human exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE), as evidenced by data from duplicate diet study, indoor air, house dust, and biomonitoring in Germany. Environ. Int. 2009, 35:1125-1135.
19. Human-Biomonitoring-(HBM)-Werte für Polychlorierte Biphenyle (PCB) im Blut. Bundesgesundheitsbl 2012, 55:1069-1070. German Human Biomonitoring Commission, (in German).
20. Gómara B., Herrero L., Ramos J.J., Mateo J.R., Fernández M.A., García J.F., González M.J. Distribution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in human umbilical cord serum, paternal serum, maternal serum, placentas, and breast milk from Madrid population, Spain. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2007, 41:6961-6968.
21. Horton M.K., Bousleiman S., Jones R., Sjodin A., Liu X., Whyatt R., Wapner R., Factor-Litvak P. Predictors of serum concentrations of polybrominated flame retardants among healthy pregnant women in an urban environment: a cross-sectional study. Environ. Health 2013, 12:23.
22. Imm P., Knobeloch L., Buelow C., Anderson H.A. Household exposures to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in a Wisconsin cohort. Environ. Health Perspect. 2009, 117:1890-1895.
23. Jakobsson K., Fång J., Athanasiadou M., Rignell-Hydbom A., Bergman A. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in maternal serum, umbilical cord serum, colostrum and mature breast milk. Insights from a pilot study and the literature. Environ. Int. 2012, 47:121-130.
24. Johnson P., Stapleton H., Sjödin A., Meeker J.D. Relationships between polybrominated diphenyl ether concentrations in house dust and serum. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2010, 44:5627-5632.
25. Kalantzi O., Geens T., Covaci A., Siskos P.A. Distribution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and other persistent organic pollutants in human serum from Greece. Environ. Int. 2011, 37:349-353.
26. Karlsson M., Julander A., van Bavel B., Hardell L. Levels of brominated flame retardants in blood in relation to levels in household air and dust. Environ. Int. 2007, 33:62-69.
27. Kefeni K.K., Okonkwo J.O., Olukunle O.I., Botha B.M. Brominated flame retardants: sources, distribution, exposure pathways, and toxicity. Environ. Rev. 2011, 19:238-253.
28. Kishi R., Kobayashi S., Ikeno T., Araki A., Miyashita C., Itoh S., Sasaki S., Okada E., Kobayashi S., Kashino I., Itoh K., Nakajima S. Ten years of progress in the Hokkaido birth cohort study on environment and children's health: cohort profile - updated 2013. Environ. Health Prev. Med. 2013, 18:429-450.
29. Knutsen H.K., Kvalem H.E., Thomsen C., Frøshaug M., Haugen M., Becher G., Alexander J., Meltzer H.M. Dietary exposure to brominated flame retardants correlates with male blood levels in a selected group of Norwegians with a wide range of seafood consumption. Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 2008, 52:217-227.
30. Krishnan K., Adamou T., Aylward L.L., Hays S.M., Kirman C.R., Nong A. Biomonitoring equivalents for 2,2',4,4',5-pentabromodiphenylether (PBDE-99). Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 2011, 60:165-171.
31. LaKind J.S., Aylward L.L., Brunk C., DiZio S., Dourson M., Goldstein D.A., Kilpatrick M.E., Krewski D., Bartels M.J., Barton H.A., Boogaard P.J., Lipscomb J., Krishnan K., Nordberg M., Okino M., Tan Y.-M., Viau C., Yager J.W., Hays S.M. Guidelines for the communication of biomonitoring equivalents: report from the biomonitoring equivalents expert workshop. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 2008, 51:S16-S26.
32. Leijs M.M., van Teunenbroek T., Olie K., Koppe J.G., ten Tusscher G.W., van Aalderen W.M.C., de Voogt P. Assessment of current serum levels of PCDD/Fs, dl-PCBs and PBDEs in a Dutch cohort with known perinatal PCDD/F exposure. Chemosphere 2008, 73:176-181.
33. Lenters V., Thomsen C., Smit L.A.M., Jönsson B.A.G., Pedersen H.S., Ludwicki J.K., Zviezdai V., Piersma A.H., Toft G., Bonde J.P., Becher G., Vermeulen A., Heederik D. Serum concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and a polybrominated biphenyl (PBB) in men from Greenland, Poland and Ukraine. Environ. Int. 2013, 61:8-16.
34. Lunder S., Hovander L., Athanassiadis I., Bergman A. Significantly higher polybrominated diphenyl ether levels in young U.S. children than in their mothers. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2010, 44:5256-5262.
35. Parera J., Serra-Prat M., Palomera E., Mattioli L., Abalos M., Rivera J., Abad E. Biological monitoring of PCDD/Fs and PCBs in the City of Mataró. A population-based cohort study (1995-2012). Sci. Total Environ. 2013, 461-462:612-617.
36. Patterson D.G., Wong L.Y., Turner W.E., Caudill S.P., Dipietro E.S., McClure P.C., Cash T.P., Osterloh J.D., Sampson E.J., Needham L.L. Levels in the U.S. population of those persistent organic pollutants (2003-2004) included in the Stockholm Convention or in other long range transboundary air pollution agreements. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2009, 43:1211-1218.
37. Rawn D.F., Ryan J.J., Sadler A.R., Sun W.F., Haines D., Macey K., Van Oostdam J. PCDD/F and PCB concentrations in sera from the Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS) from 2007 to 2009. Environ. Int. 2012, 47:48-55.
38. Rawn D.F., Ryan J.J., Sadler A.R., Sun W.-F., Weber D., Laffey P., Haines D., Macey K., Van Oostdam C. Brominated flame retardant concentrations in sera from the Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS) from 2007 to 2009. Environ. Int. 2014, 63:26-34.
39. RoHS Directive 2011/65/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 8 June 2011 on the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment (recast). Off. J. Eur. Union L 2011, 174/88.
40. Roosens L., Cornelis C., D'Hollander W., Bervoets L., Reynders H., van Campenhout K., van den Heuvel R., Neels H., Covaci A. Exposure of the Flemish population to brominated flame retardants: model and risk assessment. Environ. Int. 2010, 36:368-376.
41. Schecter A., Papke O., Tung K.C., Joseph J., Harris T.R., Dahlgren J. Polybrominated diphenyl ether flame retardants in the US population: current levels, temporal trends, and comparison with dioxins, dibenzofurans, and polychlorinated biphenyls. J. Occup. Environ. Med. 2005, 47:199-211.
42. Schecter A., Colacino J., Sjödin A., Needham L.L., Birnbaum L. Partitioning of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in serum and milk from the same mothers. Chemosphere 2010, 78:1279-1284.
43. Schettgen T., Gube M., Alt A., Fromme H., Kraus T. Pilot study on the exposure of the German general population to non-dioxin-like and dioxin-like PCBs. Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health 2011, 214:319-325.
44. Schettgen T., Gube M., Esser A., Alt A., Kraus T. Plasma polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) levels of workers in a transformer recycling company, their family members, and employees of surrounding companies. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A 2012, 75:414-422.
45. Schulz C., Wilhelm M., Heudorf U., Kolossa-Gehring M. Update of the reference and HBM values derived by the German Human Biomonitoring Commission. Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health 2011, 215:26-35.
46. Sjödin A., Wong L.Y., Jones R.S., Park A., Zhang Y., Hodge C., Dipietro E., McClure C., Turner W., Needham L.L., Patterson D.G. Serum concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polybrominated biphenyl (PBB) in the United States population: 2003-2004. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2008, 42:1377-1384.
47. Sjödin A., Jones R.S., Caudill S.P., Wong L.Y., Turner W.E., Calafat A.M. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, polychlorinated biphenyls, and persistent pesticides in serum from the national health and nutrition examination survey: 2003-2008. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2014, 48:753-760.
48. Thomas G.O., Wilkinson M., Hodson S., Jones K.C. Organohalogen chemicals in human blood from the United Kingdom. Environ. Pollut. 2006, 141:30-41.
49. Tsukimori K., Uchi H., Tokunaga S., Yasukawa F., Chiba T., Kajiwara J., Hirata T., Furue M. Blood levels of PCDDs, PCDFs, and coplanar PCBs in Yusho mothers and their descendants: association with fetal Yusho disease. Chemosphere 2013, 90:1581-1588.
50. Turci R., Balducci C., Brambilla G., Colosio C., Imbriani M., Mantovani A., Vellere F., Minoia C. A simple and fast method for the determination of selected organohalogenated compounds in serum samples from the general population. Toxicol. Lett. 2010, 192:66-71.
51. Turyk M.E., Anderson H.A., Steenport D., Buelow C., Imm P., Knobeloch L. Longitudinal biomonitoring for polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in residents of the Great Lakes basin. Chemosphere 2010, 81:517-522.
52. Van den Berg M., Birnbaum L.S., Denison M., De Vito M., Farland W., Feeley M., Fiedler H., Hakansson H., Hanberg A., Haws L., Rose M., Safe S., Schrenk D., Tohyama C., Tritscher A., Tuomisto J., Tysklind M., Walker N., Peterson R.E. The 2005 World Health Organization reevaluation of human and mammalian toxic equivalency factors for dioxins and dioxin-like compounds. Toxicol. Sci. 2006, 93:223-241.
53. Vizcaino E., Grimalt J.O., Lopez-Espinosa M.-J., Llop S., Rebagliato M., Ballester F. Polybromodiphenyl ethers in mothers and their newborns from a non-occupationally exposed population (Valencia, Spain). Environ. Int. 2011, 37:152-157.
54. WHO (World Health Organization) Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins, Polychlorinated Dibenzofurans, and Coplanar Polychlorinated Biphenyls. Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives, Safety Evaluation of Certain Food Additives and Contaminants, WHO Food Additives Series 48, Geneva, Switzerland 2002.
55. Wittsiepe J., Schrey P., Lemm F., Eberwein G., Wilhelm M. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and organochlorine pesticides in human blood of pregnant women from Germany. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A 2008, 71:703-709.