Levels in the U.S. population of those persistent organic pollutants (2003-2004) included in the Stockholm convention or in other long-range transboundary air pollution agreements

Environmental Science and Technology

Volumn 43, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 1211-1218

  Patterson Jr , Donald G ^a,b   Wong, Lee Yang ^a   Turner, Wayman E ^a   Caudill, Samuel P ^a   Dipietro, Emily S ^a   Mcclure, Patricia C ^a   Cash, Troy P ^a   Osterloh, John D ^a   Pirkle, James L ^a   Sampson, Eric J ^a   Needham, Larry L ^a  

^a NATIONAL CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH   (United States)

^b Envlro Solutlons Consulting Inc   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CONFIDENCE INTERVALS; GEOMETRIC MEANS; HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDES; HEXACHLOROBENZENE; HUMAN SERUM; LIMIT OF DETECTIONS; OXYCHLORDANE; PCB CONCENTRATIONS; PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; POPULATION DATUM; REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLINGS; SERUM LEVELS; STOCKHOLM; TOXIC EQUIVALENCIES; TOXIC EQUIVALENCY FACTORS; TRANS BOUNDARIES;

AIR QUALITY; BODY FLUIDS; COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS; GRANULAR MATERIALS; INSECTICIDES; ORGANIC CHEMICALS; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; POPULATION STATISTICS; PRINTED CIRCUITS; TOXIC MATERIALS;

ORGANIC POLLUTANTS;

1,1 DICHLORO 2,2 BIS(4 CHLOROPHENYL)ETHYLENE; 1,1,1 TRICHLORO 2 (2 CHLOROPHENYL) 2 (4 CHLOROPHENYL)ETHANE; ALDRIN; BETA HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE; CHLORPHENOTANE; DIELDRIN; DIOXIN; ENDRIN; HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE; HEXACHLOROBENZENE; LINDANE; LIPID; MIREX; OXYCHLORDANE;

ATMOSPHERIC TRANSPORT; CONCENTRATION (COMPOSITION); DDT; DIELDRIN; LONG RANGE TRANSPORT; METABOLITE; ORGANIC POLLUTANT; TRANSBOUNDARY POLLUTION;

ADULT; AGED; AIR POLLUTION; ARTICLE; BLOOD LEVEL; CHILD; CONFIDENCE INTERVAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; ETHNICITY; FEMALE; GEOMETRY; HUMAN; MALE; ORGANIC POLLUTION; POLLUTANT; RACE DIFFERENCE; UNITED STATES;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; AGED; AIR POLLUTANTS; AIR POLLUTION; CONFIDENCE INTERVALS; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYDROCARBONS, CHLORINATED; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; ORGANIC CHEMICALS; PESTICIDES; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; SWEDEN; UNITED STATES;

NORTH AMERICA; UNITED STATES;

EID: 64349124089     PISSN: 0013936X     EISSN: 15205851     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/es801966w     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. UNEP. Final Act of the Conference of Plentpotentartes on the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants; United Nations Environment Program: Stockholm, Sweden, 2001.
2. UNECE, The 1979 Geneva Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution, www.unece.org/env/lrt.ap.
3. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). Toxicological Profiles. Available at http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/ toxpro2.html (last updated 2008 May 7).
4. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 2005. Third National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals. Available at http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/about/major/ nhanes/nhanes2005-2006/nhanes05-06.htm (last reviewed 2007 December 28).
5. Sjödin, A.; Wong, L-Y.; Jones, R. S.; Park, A.; Zhang, Y.; Hodge, C.; DiPietro, E.; McClure, C.; Turner, W. E.; Needham, L. L.; Patterson, D. G., Jr. Serum concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polybrominated biphenyl (PBB) in the United States Population: 2003-2004. Environ. Sd. Techol. 2008, 42, 1377-1384.
6. Li, Z.; Sandau, C. D.; Romanoff, L. C.; Caudill, S. P.; Sjodin, A.; Needham, L. L.; Patterson, D. G., Jr. Concentration and profile of 22 urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites in the US Population Environ. Res. 2008, 103, 320-331.
7. Calafat, A. M.; Wong, L-Y.; Kuklenyik, Z.; Reidy, J. A.; Needham, L. L. Polyfluoroalkyl chemicals in the US. Population: data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2004 and comparisons with NHANES 1999-2000 Environ, Health Perspect. 2007, 115, 1596-1602.
8. Patterson, D. G.,Jr.; Hampton, L.; Lapeza, L. R., Jr.; Belser,W. T.; Green, V.; Alexander, L.; Needham, L. L. High-Resolution gas chromatographic/ high-resolution mass spectrometric analysis of human serum on a whole-weight and lipid basis for 2,3,7,8TCDD. Anal. Chem. 1987, 59, 2000-2005.
9. Turner, W.; DiPietro, E.; Lapeza, C.; Green,V.; Gill, J.; Patterson, D. G., Jr. A fast universal automated cleanup system for the isotope-dilution high-resolution mass spectrometric analysis of PCDDs, PCDFs, coplanar PCBs, PCB congeners, persistent pesticides from the same serum sample. Organohalogen Compd 1997, 37, 26-31.
10. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, 2002.
11. SUDAAN User's Manual, Release 8.0; Research Triangle Institute: Research Triangle Park, NC, 2001.
12. Schenker, N.; Gentleman, J. F. On judging the significance of differences by examining the overlap between confidence intervals, Am. Statistician 2001, 55, 182-186.
13. Horning, R. W.; Reed, L. D. Estimation of average concentration in the presence of non- detectable values. Appl. Occup. Environ. Hyg. 1990, 5, 48-51.
14. Bacarrelli, A.; Pfeiffer, R.; Consonni, D.; Pesatori, A. C.; Bonzini, M.; Patterson, D. G., Jr.; Bertazzi, P.-A.; Landi, M. T. Handling of dioxin datain the presence of non-detectable values: overview of available methods and their application in the Seveso chloracne study. Chemosvhere 2007, 60, 898-906.
15. Taylor, J. K. Quality assurance of chemical measurements. Anal. Chem. 1983, 53, 1588A-1596A.
16. Caudill, S. P.; Wong, L-Y.; Turner, W. E.; Lee, R.; Henderson, A.; Patterson, D. G., Jr. Percentile estimation using variable censored data. Chemosvhere 2007, 68, 169-180.
17. Phillips, D. L.; Pirkle, J. L.; Burse, V. W.; Bemert, J. T.; Henderson, L. O.; Needham, L. L. Chlorinated hydrocarbon levels in human serum: effects of fasting and feeding. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 1989, 18, 495-500.
18. Bernert, J. T.; Turner, W. E.; Patterson, D. G., Jr.; Needham, L. L. Calculation of serum "total lipid" concentrations for the adjustment of persistent organohalogen toxicant measurements in human samples. Chemosvhere 2007, 68, 824-831.
19. Van den Berg, M.; Birnbaum, L.; Bosveld, A. T. C.; Brunstrom, B.; Cook, P.; Feeley, M.; Glesy, J. P.; Hanberg, A.; Hasegawa, R.; Kennedy, S. W.; Kubiak, T.; Larsen, J. C.; van Leeuwen, F. X. R.; Liem, A. K. D.; Nolt, C.; Peterson, R. E.; Poellinger, L.; Safe, S.; Schrenk, D.; Tillitt, D.; Tysklind, M.; Younes, M.; Wærn, F.; Zacharewski, T. Toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) for PCBs, PCDDs, PCDFs for humans and wildlife. Environ. Health Persvect. 1998, 106, 775-792.
20. Van den Berg, M.; Birnbaum, L.; Denison, M.; DeVito, M.; Farland, W.; Feeley, M.; Fiedler, H.; Hakansson, H.; Hanberg, A.; Haws, L.; Rose, M.; Safe, S.; Schrenk, D.; Tohyama, C.; Tritscher, A.; Tuomlsto, J.; Tysklind, M.; Walker, N.; Peterson, R. E. The 2005 World Health Organization re-evaluation of human and mammalian toxic equivalency factors for dioxin and dioxin-like compounds. Toxicol Sci. 2006, 93, 223-241.
21. Patterson, D. G., Jr.; Turner,W. E.; Caudill, S. P.; Needham, L. L. Total TEQ reference range (PCDDs, PCDFs, cPCBs, mono-PCBs) for the US population 2001-2002 Chemosphere 2008, 73, S261S277.
22. Needham, L. L.; Barr, D.; Caudill, S. A.; Pirkle, J. L.; Turner, W.; Osterloh, J.; Jones, R.; Sampson, E. J. Concentrations of environmental chemicals associated with neurodevelopmental effects in U.S. population. Neuro Toxicol. 2005, 26, 531-545.
23. Ferriby, L. L.; Knutsen, J. S.; Harris, M.; Unice, K. M.; Scott, P.; Nony, P.; Haws, L C.; Paustenbach, D. Evaluation of PCDD/F and dioxin-like PCB serum concentration data from the 20012002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of the United States population. I. Exposure Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. 2007, 17, 358-371.
24. Patterson, D. G., Jr.; Canady, R.; Wong, L.-Y.; Lee, R.; Turner, W. E.; Caudill, S.; Needham, L. L.; Henderson, A. Age specific dioxin TEQ reference range. Organohalogen Compd. 2004, 66, 2878-2883.
25. Patterson, D. G., Jr.; Turner, W. E.; Caudill, S.; Needham, L. L. Total TEQ reference range (PCDDs, PCDFs, cPCBs, mono-PCBs) for the US population 2001 -2002 Organohalogen Compd. 2005, 67, 1577-1580.
26. Collins, J.J.; Bodner, K.; Burns, C. J.; Budinsky, R. A.; Lamparski, L. L.; Wilken, M.; Martin, G. D.; Carson, M. L. Body mass index and serum chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofurans levels. Chemosvhere 2007, 66, 1079-1085.
27. Pinsky, P. F.; Lorber, M. N. A model to evaluate past exposure to 2,3,7,8-TCDD. I. Expo. Anal Environ. Epidemiol 1998, 8 (2), 187-206.
28. Aylward, L. L.; Hays, S. M. Temporal trends in human TCDD body burden: decreases over three decades and implications for exposure levels. I. Expo. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol. 2002, 72, 319-328.
29. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 2007. Fourth National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/about/major/ nhanes/nhanes2007-2008/nhanes07-08.htm (last reviewed 2007 December 28).
30. Fisher, B. E. Most unwanted persistent organic pollutants. Environ. Health Perspect. 1999, 107, A18-A23.