메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 120, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 843-867

Climatology and variability of trace gases in extratropical double-tropopause regions from MLS, HIRDLS, and ACE-FTS measurements

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AIR SAMPLING; ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; CLIMATE VARIATION; EXTRATROPICAL ENVIRONMENT; MICROWAVE LIMB SOUNDER; SATELLITE DATA; STRATOSPHERE; TRACE GAS; TRACER; TROPOPAUSE;

EID: 84923120619     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: 21562202     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/2014JD021964     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (23)

References (94)
  • 1
    • 34249870880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global statistics of multiple tropopauses from the IGRA database
    • Añel, J. A., J. C. Antu ña, L. Torre, R. Nieto, and L. Gimeno (2007), Global statistics of multiple tropopauses from the IGRA database, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L06709, doi: 10.1029/2006GL029224.
    • (2007) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.34 , pp. L06709
    • Añel, J.A.1    Antuña, J.C.2    Torre, L.3    Nieto, R.4    Gimeno, L.5
  • 2
    • 67649112762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climatological features of global multiple tropopause events
    • Añel, J. A., J. C. Antu ña, L. Torre, and J. M. Castanheira (2008), Climatological features of global multiple tropopause events, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D00B08, doi: 10.1029/2007JD009697.
    • (2008) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.113 , pp. D00B08
    • Añel, J.A.1    Antuña, J.C.2    Torre, L.3    Castanheira, J.M.4
  • 3
    • 84874510765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the origin of the air between multiple tropopauses at midlatitudes
    • Añel, J. A., L. Torre, and L. Gimeno (2012), On the origin of the air between multiple tropopauses at midlatitudes, Sci. World J., 2012, 191028, doi: 10.1100/2012/191028.
    • (2012) Sci. World J. , vol.2012 , pp. 191028
    • Añel, J.A.1    Torre, L.2    Gimeno, L.3
  • 4
    • 25844526462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE): Mission overview
    • Bernath, P. F., et al. (2005), Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE): Mission overview, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L15S01, doi: 10.1029/2005GL022386.
    • (2005) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.32 , pp. L15S01
    • Bernath, P.F.1
  • 5
    • 0030478273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of ozone and thermal tropopause heights and the impact of tropopause definition on quantifying the ozone content of the troposphere
    • Bethan, S., G. Vaughan, and S. J. Reid (1996), A comparison of ozone and thermal tropopause heights and the impact of tropopause definition on quantifying the ozone content of the troposphere, Q. J. R. Meteorolog. Soc., 122, 929-944.
    • (1996) Q. J. R. Meteorolog. Soc. , vol.122 , pp. 929-944
    • Bethan, S.1    Vaughan, G.2    Reid, S.J.3
  • 6
    • 33845635547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The tropopause inversion layer in models and analyses
    • Birner, T., D. Sankey, and T. Shepherd (2006), The tropopause inversion layer in models and analyses, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L14804, doi: 10.1029/2006GL026549.
    • (2006) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.33 , pp. L14804
    • Birner, T.1    Sankey, D.2    Shepherd, T.3
  • 8
    • 25844495266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retrievals for the atmospheric chemistry experiment Fourier-transform spectrometer
    • Boone, C., R. Nassar, K. Walker, Y. Rochon, S. McLeod, C. Rinsland, and P. Bernath (2005), Retrievals for the atmospheric chemistry experiment Fourier-transform spectrometer, Appl. Opt., 44(33), 7218-7231.
    • (2005) Appl. Opt. , vol.44 , Issue.33 , pp. 7218-7231
    • Boone, C.1    Nassar, R.2    Walker, K.3    Rochon, Y.4    McLeod, S.5    Rinsland, C.6    Bernath, P.7
  • 9
    • 84893212384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Version 3 retrievals for the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS)
    • edited by P. Bernath, A. Deepak, Hampton, Va
    • Boone, C., K. Walker, and P. Bernath (2013), Version 3 retrievals for the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS), in The Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment ACE at 10: A Solar Occultation Anthology, edited by P. Bernath, pp. 103-127, A. Deepak, Hampton, Va. [Available at http://www.ace.uwaterloo.ca/publications.html#ValidationPapers.]
    • (2013) The Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment ACE at 10: A Solar Occultation Anthology , pp. 103-127
    • Boone, C.1    Walker, K.2    Bernath, P.3
  • 10
    • 71849096148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increase of upper troposphere/lower stratosphere wave baroclinicity during the second half of the 20th century
    • Castanheira, J. M., J. A. Añel, C. A. F. Marques, J. C. Antuña, M. L. R. Liberato, L. de la Torre, and L. Gimeno (2009), Increase of upper troposphere/lower stratosphere wave baroclinicity during the second half of the 20th century, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 9143-9153, doi: 10.5194/acp-9-9143-2009.
    • (2009) Atmos. Chem. Phys. , vol.9 , pp. 9143-9153
    • Castanheira, J.M.1    Añel, J.A.2    Marques, C.A.F.3    Antuña, J.C.4    Liberato, M.L.R.5    de la Torre, L.6    Gimeno, L.7
  • 11
    • 84868687086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationships between Brewer-Dobson circulation, double tropopauses, ozone and stratospheric water vapour
    • Castanheira, J. M., T. R. Peevey, C. A. Marques, and M. A. Olsen (2012), Relationships between Brewer-Dobson circulation, double tropopauses, ozone and stratospheric water vapour, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12(21), 10,195-10,208, doi: 10.5194/acp-12-10195-2012.
    • (2012) Atmos. Chem. Phys. , vol.12 , Issue.21 , pp. 10,195-10,208
    • Castanheira, J.M.1    Peevey, T.R.2    Marques, C.A.3    Olsen, M.A.4
  • 12
    • 47149092921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CO measurements from the ACE-FTS satellite instrument: Data analysis and validation using ground-based, airborne and spaceborne observations
    • Clerbaux, C., et al. (2008), CO measurements from the ACE-FTS satellite instrument: Data analysis and validation using ground-based, airborne and spaceborne observations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 2569-2594, doi: 10.5194/acp-8-2569-2008.
    • (2008) Atmos. Chem. Phys. , vol.8 , pp. 2569-2594
    • Clerbaux, C.1
  • 13
    • 0000232508 scopus 로고
    • Stratospheric-tropospheric exchange based on radioactivity, ozone and potential vorticity
    • Danielsen, E. F. (1968), Stratospheric-tropospheric exchange based on radioactivity, ozone and potential vorticity, J. Atmos. Sci., 25, 502-518.
    • (1968) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.25 , pp. 502-518
    • Danielsen, E.F.1
  • 15
    • 0022830583 scopus 로고
    • Evolution of potential vorticity in the winter stratosphere of January-February 1979
    • Dunkerton, T. J., and D. P. Delisi (1986), Evolution of potential vorticity in the winter stratosphere of January-February 1979, J. Geophys. Res., 91, 1199-1208.
    • (1986) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.91 , pp. 1199-1208
    • Dunkerton, T.J.1    Delisi, D.P.2
  • 16
    • 66149176073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of ozone measurements from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE)
    • Dupuy, E., et al. (2009), Validation of ozone measurements from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE), Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 287-343.
    • (2009) Atmos. Chem. Phys. , vol.9 , pp. 287-343
    • Dupuy, E.1
  • 17
    • 0001108047 scopus 로고
    • Ein neuer hydrodynamischer Wirbelsatz
    • Ertel, H. (1942), Ein neuer hydrodynamischer Wirbelsatz, Meteorol. Z., 59(9), 277-281.
    • (1942) Meteorol. Z. , vol.59 , Issue.9 , pp. 277-281
    • Ertel, H.1
  • 18
    • 0037666602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Radiative forcing and temperature trends from stratospheric ozone changes
    • Forster, P. M., and K. P. Shine (1997), Radiative forcing and temperature trends from stratospheric ozone changes, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 10,841-10,855.
    • (1997) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.102 , pp. 10,841-10,855
    • Forster, P.M.1    Shine, K.P.2
  • 19
    • 50049100113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of Aura Microwave Limb Sounder HCI measurements
    • Froidevaux, L., et al. (2008), Validation of Aura Microwave Limb Sounder HCI measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D15S25, doi: 10.1029/2007JD009025.
    • (2008) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.113 , pp. D15S25
    • Froidevaux, L.1
  • 22
    • 84856027593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder Earth Observing System (EOS) data description and quality version 7 (v7) (HIRDLS version 7.00.00)
    • Oxford Univ., Univ. of Colo., Nat’l. Cent. for Atmos. Res
    • Gille, J., and L. Gray (2013). High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder Earth Observing System (EOS) data description and quality version 7 (v7) (HIRDLS version 7.00.00), Tech. Rep. SC-HIR-1511K, Oxford Univ., Univ. of Colo., Nat’l. Cent. for Atmos. Res. [Available at http://www.eos.ucar.edu/hirdls/data/products/HIRDLS-DQD_V7-1.pdf.]
    • (2013) Tech. Rep. SC-HIR-1511K
    • Gille, J.1    Gray, L.2
  • 24
    • 29244466900 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of special corrective processing of HIRDLS data and early validation
    • edited by Marija Strojnik, San Diego, Calif
    • Gille, J., et al. (2005), Development of special corrective processing of HIRDLS data and early validation, in Proceedings of SPIE, Infrared Spaceborne Remote Sensing 2005, vol. 5883, edited by Marija Strojnik, p. 58830H, San Diego, Calif.
    • (2005) Proceedings of SPIE, Infrared Spaceborne Remote Sensing 2005 , vol.5883 , pp. 58830
    • Gille, J.1
  • 25
    • 77953693690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A global survey of static stability in the stratosphere and upper troposphere
    • Grise, K. M., D. W. Thompson, and T. Birner (2010), A global survey of static stability in the stratosphere and upper troposphere, J. Clim., 23(9), 2275-2292.
    • (2010) J. Clim. , vol.23 , Issue.9 , pp. 2275-2292
    • Grise, K.M.1    Thompson, D.W.2    Birner, T.3
  • 26
    • 84880216867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ozone hole indirect effect: Cloud-radiative anomalies accompanying the poleward shift of the eddy-driven jet in the Southern Hemisphere
    • Grise, K. M., L. M. Polvani, G. Tselioudis, Y. Wu, and M. D. Zelinka (2013), The ozone hole indirect effect: Cloud-radiative anomalies accompanying the poleward shift of the eddy-driven jet in the Southern Hemisphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 40, 3688-3692, doi: 10.1002/grl.50675.
    • (2013) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.40 , pp. 3688-3692
    • Grise, K.M.1    Polvani, L.M.2    Tselioudis, G.3    Wu, Y.4    Zelinka, M.D.5
  • 29
    • 84888195614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SPARC Data Initiative: Comparison of water vapour climatologies from international satellite limb sounders
    • Hegglin, M. I., et al. (2013), SPARC Data Initiative: Comparison of water vapour climatologies from international satellite limb sounders, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 118, 11,824-11,846, doi: 10.1002/jgrd.50752.
    • (2013) J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. , vol.118 , pp. 11,824-11,846
    • Hegglin, M.I.1
  • 31
    • 0033067394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statistics of the global tropopause pressure
    • Hoinka, K. P. (1998), Statistics of the global tropopause pressure, Mon. Weather Rev., 126(12), 3303-3325, doi: 10.1175/1520-0493(1998).
    • (1998) Mon. Weather Rev. , vol.126 , Issue.12 , pp. 3303-3325
    • Hoinka, K.P.1
  • 33
    • 84869053613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rossby wave breaking and transport between the tropics and extratropics above the subtropical jet
    • Homeyer, C. R., and K. P. Bowman (2013), Rossby wave breaking and transport between the tropics and extratropics above the subtropical jet, J. Atmos. Sci., 70, 607-626.
    • (2013) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.70 , pp. 607-626
    • Homeyer, C.R.1    Bowman, K.P.2
  • 34
    • 79953235719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamical and chemical characteristics of tropospheric intrusions observed during START08
    • Homeyer, C. R., K. P. Bowman, L. L. Pan, E. L. Atlas, R.-S. Gao, and T. L. Campos (2011), Dynamical and chemical characteristics of tropospheric intrusions observed during START08, J. Geophys. Res., 116, D06111, doi: 10.1029/2010JD015098.
    • (2011) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.116 , pp. D06111
    • Homeyer, C.R.1    Bowman, K.P.2    Pan, L.L.3    Atlas, E.L.4    Gao, R.-S.5    Campos, T.L.6
  • 35
    • 85018215019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Convective transport of water vapor into the lower stratosphere observed during double tropopause events
    • Homeyer, C. R., et al. (2014), Convective transport of water vapor into the lower stratosphere observed during double tropopause events, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 119, 10,941-10,958, doi: 10.1002/2014JD021485.
    • (2014) J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. , vol.119 , pp. 10,941-10,958
    • Homeyer, C.R.1
  • 36
    • 77956066824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transport timescales and tracer properties in the extratropical UTLS
    • Hoor, P., H. Wernli, M. I. Hegglin, and H. Bönisch (2010), Transport timescales and tracer properties in the extratropical UTLS, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10(16), 7929-7944, doi: 10.5194/acp-10-7929-2010.
    • (2010) Atmos. Chem. Phys. , vol.10 , Issue.16 , pp. 7929-7944
    • Hoor, P.1    Wernli, H.2    Hegglin, M.I.3    Bönisch, H.4
  • 37
    • 0022167076 scopus 로고
    • On the use and significance of isentropic potential-vorticity maps
    • Hoskins, B. J., M. E. McIntyre, and A. W. Robertson (1985), On the use and significance of isentropic potential-vorticity maps, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 111, 877-946.
    • (1985) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.111 , pp. 877-946
    • Hoskins, B.J.1    McIntyre, M.E.2    Robertson, A.W.3
  • 38
    • 36549014650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Connecting surface emissions, convective uplifting, and long-range transport of carbon monoxide in the upper troposphere: New observations from the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder
    • Jiang, J. H., N. J. Livesey, H. Su, L. Neary, J. C. McConnell, and N. A. Richards (2007), Connecting surface emissions, convective uplifting, and long-range transport of carbon monoxide in the upper troposphere: New observations from the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L18812, doi: 10.1029/2007GL030638.
    • (2007) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.34 , pp. L18812
    • Jiang, J.H.1    Livesey, N.J.2    Su, H.3    Neary, L.4    McConnell, J.C.5    Richards, N.A.6
  • 39
    • 84983980147 scopus 로고
    • The water vapour budget of the stratosphere studied using LIMS and SAMS satellite data
    • Jones, R., J. Pyle, J. Harries, A. Zavody, J. Russell, and J. Gille (1986), The water vapour budget of the stratosphere studied using LIMS and SAMS satellite data, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 112(474), 1127-1143, doi: 10.1002/qj.49711247412.
    • (1986) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.112 , Issue.474 , pp. 1127-1143
    • Jones, R.1    Pyle, J.2    Harries, J.3    Zavody, A.4    Russell, J.5    Gille, J.6
  • 40
    • 26844510693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 and temperature during the 2004 Canadian Arctic ACE validation campaign
    • 2 and temperature during the 2004 Canadian Arctic ACE validation campaign, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L16S07, doi: 10.1029/2005GL023032.
    • (2005) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.32 , pp. L16S07
    • Kerzenmacher, T.E.1
  • 41
    • 56249099414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3 from the High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder (HIRDLS)-First results
    • 3 from the High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder (HIRDLS)-First results, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D16S42, doi: 10.1029/2007JD008833.
    • (2008) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.113 , pp. D16S42
    • Kinnison, D.1
  • 42
    • 84899113114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lifetimes of stratospheric ozone-depleting substances, their replacements, and related species
    • Stratosphere-Troposphere Processes and Their Role in Climate, World Climate Research Program
    • Ko, M. K. W., P. A. Newman, and S. E. Strahan (2013). Lifetimes of stratospheric ozone-depleting substances, their replacements, and related species, SPARC Rep. 6, WCRP-15/2013, Stratosphere-Troposphere Processes and Their Role in Climate, World Climate Research Program.
    • (2013) SPARC Rep. 6, WCRP-15/2013
    • Ko, M.K.W.1    Newman, P.A.2    Strahan, S.E.3
  • 43
    • 0012211178 scopus 로고
    • Cross sections of the mean zonal flow and temperature along 80°w
    • Kochanski, A. (1955), Cross sections of the mean zonal flow and temperature along 80°w, J. Meteorol., 12, 95-106, doi: 10.1175/1520-0469(1955)012.
    • (1955) J. Meteorol. , vol.12 , pp. 95-106
    • Kochanski, A.1
  • 45
    • 78751484404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamical tropopause based on isentropic potential vorticity gradients
    • Kunz, A., P. Konopka, R. Müller, and L. L. Pan (2011), Dynamical tropopause based on isentropic potential vorticity gradients, J. Geophys. Res., 116, D01110, doi: 10.1029/2010JD014343.
    • (2011) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.116 , pp. D01110
    • Kunz, A.1    Konopka, P.2    Müller, R.3    Pan, L.L.4
  • 46
    • 50049100113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3 and CO observations in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere
    • 3 and CO observations in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D15S02, doi: 10.1029/2007JD008805.
    • (2008) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.113 , pp. D15S02
    • Livesey, N.J.1
  • 47
    • 72049113740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Version 3.3 and 3.4 Level 2 data quality and description document
    • Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif
    • Livesey, N. J., et al. (2013). Version 3.3 and 3.4 Level 2 data quality and description document, Tech. Rep. JPL D-33509, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. [Available at http://mls.jpl.nasa.gov.]
    • (2013) Tech. Rep. JPL D-33509
    • Livesey, N.J.1
  • 48
    • 34547570562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tropopause height and zonal wind response to global warming in the IPCC scenario integrations
    • Lorenz, D. J., and E. T. DeWeaver (2007), Tropopause height and zonal wind response to global warming in the IPCC scenario integrations, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D10119, doi: 10.1029/2006JD008087.
    • (2007) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.112 , pp. D10119
    • Lorenz, D.J.1    DeWeaver, E.T.2
  • 49
    • 54949087550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 using space-, balloon- and ground-based instrument observations
    • 2 using space-, balloon- and ground-based instrument observations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8(20), 6199-6221.
    • (2008) Atmos. Chem. Phys. , vol.8 , Issue.20 , pp. 6199-6221
    • Mahieu, E.1
  • 50
    • 0001715912 scopus 로고
    • On the motion of air through the stratospheric polar vortex
    • Manney, G. L., R. W. Zurek, A. O’Neill, and R. Swinbank (1994), On the motion of air through the stratospheric polar vortex, J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 2973-2994.
    • (1994) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.51 , pp. 2973-2994
    • Manney, G.L.1    Zurek, R.W.2    O’Neill, A.3    Swinbank, R.4
  • 51
    • 49249096489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Solar occultation satellite data and derived meteorological products: Sampling issues and comparisons with Aura Microwave Limb Sounder
    • Manney, G. L., et al. (2007), Solar occultation satellite data and derived meteorological products: Sampling issues and comparisons with Aura Microwave Limb Sounder, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D24S50, doi: 10.1029/2007JD008709.
    • (2007) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.112 , pp. D24S50
    • Manney, G.L.1
  • 52
    • 72049131991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Satellite observations and modelling of transport in the upper troposphere through the lower mesosphere during the 2006 major stratospheric sudden warming
    • Manney, G. L., et al. (2009), Satellite observations and modelling of transport in the upper troposphere through the lower mesosphere during the 2006 major stratospheric sudden warming, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 4775-4795.
    • (2009) Atmos. Chem. Phys. , vol.9 , pp. 4775-4795
    • Manney, G.L.1
  • 53
    • 79959833398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Jet characterization in the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere (UTLS): Applications to climatology and transport studies
    • Manney, G. L., et al. (2011), Jet characterization in the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere (UTLS): Applications to climatology and transport studies, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 11(12), 6115-6137.
    • (2011) Atmos. Chem. Phys. , vol.11 , Issue.12 , pp. 6115-6137
    • Manney, G.L.1
  • 54
    • 84899118570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climatology of upper tropospheric/lower stratospheric (UTLS) jets and tropopauses in MERRA
    • Manney, G. L., M. I. Hegglin, W. H. Daffer, M. J. Schwartz, M. L. Santee, and S. Pawson (2014), Climatology of upper tropospheric/lower stratospheric (UTLS) jets and tropopauses in MERRA, J. Clim., 27(9), 3248-3271, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00243.1.
    • (2014) J. Clim. , vol.27 , Issue.9 , pp. 3248-3271
    • Manney, G.L.1    Hegglin, M.I.2    Daffer, W.H.3    Schwartz, M.J.4    Santee, M.L.5    Pawson, S.6
  • 55
    • 70349608957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blocking precursors to stratospheric sudden warming events
    • Martius, O., L. M. Polvani, and H. C. Davies (2009), Blocking precursors to stratospheric sudden warming events, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L14806, doi: 10.1029/2009GL038776.
    • (2009) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.36 , pp. L14806
    • Martius, O.1    Polvani, L.M.2    Davies, H.C.3
  • 56
    • 79952145734 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Separating the dynamical effects of climate change and ozone depletion. Part II: Southern Hemisphere troposphere
    • McLandress, C., T. G. Shepherd, J. F. Scinocca, D. A. Plummer, M. Sigmond, A. I. Jonsson, and M. C. Reader (2011), Separating the dynamical effects of climate change and ozone depletion. Part II: Southern Hemisphere troposphere, J. Clim., 24, 1850-1868, doi: 10.1175/2010JCLI3958.1.
    • (2011) J. Clim. , vol.24 , pp. 1850-1868
    • McLandress, C.1    Shepherd, T.G.2    Scinocca, J.F.3    Plummer, D.A.4    Sigmond, M.5    Jonsson, A.I.6    Reader, M.C.7
  • 58
    • 49249137971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extratropical stratosphere-troposphere mass exchange associated with isentropic mixing: A 1992-2005 climatology derived from advection-diffusion calculations
    • Nakamura, N. (2007), Extratropical stratosphere-troposphere mass exchange associated with isentropic mixing: A 1992-2005 climatology derived from advection-diffusion calculations, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D24303, doi: 10.1029/2006JD008382.
    • (2007) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.112 , pp. D24303
    • Nakamura, N.1
  • 59
    • 52349121218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Initial validation of ozone measurements from the High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder
    • Nardi, B., et al. (2008), Initial validation of ozone measurements from the High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D16S36, doi: 10.1029/2007JD008837.
    • (2008) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.113 , pp. D16S36
    • Nardi, B.1
  • 61
    • 14644415482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Definitions and sharpness of the extratropical tropopause: A trace gas perspective
    • Pan, L. L., W. J. Randel, B. L. Gary, M. J. Mahoney, and E. J. Hintsa (2004), Definitions and sharpness of the extratropical tropopause: A trace gas perspective, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D23103, doi: 10.1029/2004JD004982.
    • (2004) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.109 , pp. D23103
    • Pan, L.L.1    Randel, W.J.2    Gary, B.L.3    Mahoney, M.J.4    Hintsa, E.J.5
  • 62
    • 33646356229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observations and model simulations of mixing near the extratropical tropopause
    • Pan, L. L., P. Konopka, and E. V. Browell (2006), Observations and model simulations of mixing near the extratropical tropopause, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D05106, doi: 10.1029/2005JD006480.
    • (2006) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.111 , pp. D05106
    • Pan, L.L.1    Konopka, P.2    Browell, E.V.3
  • 63
    • 85018214787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The double tropopause and its dynamical relationship to the tropopause inversion layer in storm track regions
    • Peevey, T., J. Gille, C. Homeyer, and G. Manney (2014), The double tropopause and its dynamical relationship to the tropopause inversion layer in storm track regions, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 119, 10,194-10,212, doi: 10.1002/2014JD021808.
    • (2014) J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. , vol.119 , pp. 10,194-10,212
    • Peevey, T.1    Gille, J.2    Homeyer, C.3    Manney, G.4
  • 64
    • 84856053745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigation of double tropopause spatial and temporal global variability utilizing High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder temperature observations
    • Peevey, T. R., J. C. Gille, C. E. Randall, and A. Kunz (2012), Investigation of double tropopause spatial and temporal global variability utilizing High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder temperature observations, J. Geophys. Res., 117, D01105, doi: 10.1029/2011JD016443.
    • (2012) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.117 , pp. D01105
    • Peevey, T.R.1    Gille, J.C.2    Randall, C.E.3    Kunz, A.4
  • 65
    • 77958609415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The polar summer tropopause inversion layer
    • Randel, W. J., and F. Wu (2010), The polar summer tropopause inversion layer, J. Atmos. Sci., 67, 2572-2581, doi: 10.1175/2010JAS3430.1.
    • (2010) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.67 , pp. 2572-2581
    • Randel, W.J.1    Wu, F.2
  • 66
    • 34250346103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observational characteristics of double tropopauses
    • Randel, W. J., D. J. Seidel, and L. Pan (2007a), Observational characteristics of double tropopauses, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D07309, doi: 10.1029/2007JD007904.
    • (2007) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.112 , pp. D07309
    • Randel, W.J.1    Seidel, D.J.2    Pan, L.3
  • 67
    • 38349111184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The extratropical tropopause inversion layer: Global observations with GPS data, and a radiative forcing mechanism
    • Randel, W. J., F. Wu, and P. Forster (2007b), The extratropical tropopause inversion layer: Global observations with GPS data, and a radiative forcing mechanism, J. Atmos. Sci., 64(12), 4489-4496, doi: 10.1175/2007JAS2412.1.
    • (2007) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.64 , Issue.12 , pp. 4489-4496
    • Randel, W.J.1    Wu, F.2    Forster, P.3
  • 68
    • 49349093187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2O and relative humidity with respect to validation
    • 2O and relative humidity with respect to validation, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D24S35, doi: 10.1029/2007JD008752.
    • (2007) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.112 , pp. D24S35
    • Read, W.G.1
  • 69
    • 34547307160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The GEOS-5 data assimilation system-Documentation of versions 5.0.1, 5.1.0, and 5.2.0
    • NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md
    • Rienecker, M. M., et al. (2008). The GEOS-5 data assimilation system-Documentation of versions 5.0.1, 5.1.0, and 5.2.0, Tech. Rep. TM-2008-104606, NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md.
    • (2008) Tech. Rep. TM-2008-104606
    • Rienecker, M.M.1
  • 70
    • 44449155316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3 measurements
    • 3 measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D24S40, doi: 10.1029/2007JD008721.
    • (2007) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.112 , pp. D24S40
    • Santee, M.L.1
  • 71
    • 80053340806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trace gas evolution in the lowermost stratosphere from Aura Microwave Limb Sounder measurements
    • Santee, M. L., G. L. Manney, L. Froidevaux, N. J. Livesey, W. G. Read, and M. J. Schwartz (2011), Trace gas evolution in the lowermost stratosphere from Aura Microwave Limb Sounder measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 116, D18306, doi: 10.1029/2011JD015590.
    • (2011) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.116 , pp. D18306
    • Santee, M.L.1    Manney, G.L.2    Froidevaux, L.3    Livesey, N.J.4    Read, W.G.5    Schwartz, M.J.6
  • 72
    • 67650520161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonality and interannual variability of the westerly jet in the Tibetan Plateau region
    • Schiemann, R., D. Lüthi, and C. Schar (2009), Seasonality and interannual variability of the westerly jet in the Tibetan Plateau region, J. Clim., 22, 2940-2957, doi: 10.1175/2008JCLI2625.1.
    • (2009) J. Clim. , vol.22 , pp. 2940-2957
    • Schiemann, R.1    Lüthi, D.2    Schar, C.3
  • 73
    • 33645635122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A climatology of multiple tropopauses derived from GPS radio occultations with CHAMP and SAC-C
    • Schmidt, T., G. Beyerle, S. Heise, J. Wickert, and M. Rothacher (2006), A climatology of multiple tropopauses derived from GPS radio occultations with CHAMP and SAC-C, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L04808, doi: 10.1029/2005GL024600.
    • (2006) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.33 , pp. L04808
    • Schmidt, T.1    Beyerle, G.2    Heise, S.3    Wickert, J.4    Rothacher, M.5
  • 74
    • 4844228343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extratropical stratosphere-troposphere mass exchange
    • Schoeberl, M. R. (2004), Extratropical stratosphere-troposphere mass exchange, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D13303, doi: 10.1029/2004JD004525.
    • (2004) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.109 , pp. D13303
    • Schoeberl, M.R.1
  • 76
    • 34249898513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variability and trends in the global tropopause estimated from radiosonde data
    • Seidel, D. J., and W. J. Randel (2006), Variability and trends in the global tropopause estimated from radiosonde data, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D21101, doi: 10.1029/2006JD007363.
    • (2006) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.111 , pp. D21101
    • Seidel, D.J.1    Randel, W.J.2
  • 77
    • 0000369820 scopus 로고
    • Turbulent mixing within tropopause folds as a mechanism for the exchange of chemical constituents between the stratosphere and troposphere
    • Shapiro, M. A. (1980), Turbulent mixing within tropopause folds as a mechanism for the exchange of chemical constituents between the stratosphere and troposphere, J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 994-1004.
    • (1980) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.37 , pp. 994-1004
    • Shapiro, M.A.1
  • 78
    • 0036770283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Issues in stratosphere-troposphere coupling
    • Shepherd, T. G. (2002), Issues in stratosphere-troposphere coupling, J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn., 80, 769-792.
    • (2002) J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn. , vol.80 , pp. 769-792
    • Shepherd, T.G.1
  • 79
    • 73949152736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local mixing events in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. Part II: Seasonal and interannual variability
    • Shuckburgh, E., F. d’Ovidio, and B. Legras (2009), Local mixing events in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. Part II: Seasonal and interannual variability, J. Atmos. Sci., 66, 3695-3706.
    • (2009) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.66 , pp. 3695-3706
    • Shuckburgh, E.1    d’Ovidio, F.2    Legras, B.3
  • 82
    • 0942267369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stratosphere-troposphere exchange: A review, and what we have learned from STACCATO
    • Stohl, A., et al. (2003), Stratosphere-troposphere exchange: A review, and what we have learned from STACCATO, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D12), 8516, doi: 10.1029/2002JD002490.
    • (2003) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.108 , Issue.D12 , pp. 8516
    • Stohl, A.1
  • 83
    • 84887091832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Filamentary structure in chemical tracer distributions near the subtropical jet following a wave breaking event
    • Ungermann, J., et al. (2013), Filamentary structure in chemical tracer distributions near the subtropical jet following a wave breaking event, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 10,517-10,534.
    • (2013) Atmos. Chem. Phys. , vol.13 , pp. 10,517-10,534
    • Ungermann, J.1
  • 84
    • 79952769126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transport pathways and signatures of mixing in the extratropical tropopause region derived from Lagrangian model simulations
    • Vogel, B., et al. (2011), Transport pathways and signatures of mixing in the extratropical tropopause region derived from Lagrangian model simulations, J. Geophys. Res., 116, D05306, doi: 10.1029/2010JD014876.
    • (2011) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.116 , pp. D05306
    • Vogel, B.1
  • 85
    • 34249742071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accuracy of tropospheric and stratospheric water vapor measurements by the cryogenic frost point hygrometer: Instrumental details and observations
    • Vömel, H., D. David, and K. Smith (2007), Accuracy of tropospheric and stratospheric water vapor measurements by the cryogenic frost point hygrometer: Instrumental details and observations, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D08305, doi: 10.1029/2006JD007224.
    • (2007) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.112 , pp. D08305
    • Vömel, H.1    David, D.2    Smith, K.3
  • 86
    • 79952457712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Double tropopause formation in idealized baroclinic life cycles: The key role of an initial tropopause inversion layer
    • Wang, S., and L. M. Polvani (2011), Double tropopause formation in idealized baroclinic life cycles: The key role of an initial tropopause inversion layer, J. Geophys. Res., 116, D05108, doi: 10.1029/2010JD015118.
    • (2011) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.116 , pp. D05108
    • Wang, S.1    Polvani, L.M.2
  • 87
    • 33644620380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Earth Observing System Microwave Limb Sounder (EOS MLS) on the Aura satellite
    • Waters, J. W., et al. (2006), The Earth Observing System Microwave Limb Sounder (EOS MLS) on the Aura satellite, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 44, 1075-1092.
    • (2006) IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens. , vol.44 , pp. 1075-1092
    • Waters, J.W.1
  • 88
    • 84859768925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A global blended tropopause based on ERA data. Part I: Climatology
    • Wilcox, L. J., B. J. Hoskins, and K. P. Shine (2012), A global blended tropopause based on ERA data. Part I: Climatology, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 138, 561-575.
    • (2012) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.138 , pp. 561-575
    • Wilcox, L.J.1    Hoskins, B.J.2    Shine, K.P.3
  • 89
    • 65249104962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 5 from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS)
    • 5 from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS), Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8(13), 3529-3562.
    • (2008) Atmos. Chem. Phys. , vol.8 , Issue.13 , pp. 3529-3562
    • Wolff, M.1
  • 90
    • 77954498937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variability of the North Atlantic eddy-driven jet stream
    • Woollings, T., A. Hannachi, and B. Hoskins (2010a), Variability of the North Atlantic eddy-driven jet stream, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 136, 856-868.
    • (2010) Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. , vol.136 , pp. 856-868
    • Woollings, T.1    Hannachi, A.2    Hoskins, B.3
  • 91
    • 77951899490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Associations between stratospheric variability and tropospheric blocking
    • Woollings, T., A. Charlton-Perez, S. Ineson, G. Marshall, and G. Masato (2010b), Associations between stratospheric variability and tropospheric blocking, J. Geophys. Res., 115, D06108, doi: 10.1029/2009JD012742.
    • (2010) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.115 , pp. D06108
    • Woollings, T.1    Charlton-Perez, A.2    Ineson, S.3    Marshall, G.4    Masato, G.5
  • 92
    • 0000939656 scopus 로고
    • Meteorology-A three-dimensional science: Second session of the commission for aerology
    • World Meteorological Organization (1957), Meteorology-A three-dimensional science: Second session of the commission for aerology, WMO Bull., 14, 134-138.
    • (1957) WMO Bull. , vol.14 , pp. 134-138
  • 93
    • 79959739500 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scientific assessment of ozone depletion: 2010
    • Geneva, Switzerland
    • World Meteorological Organization (2011). Scientific assessment of ozone depletion: 2010, Global Ozone Res. and Monit. Proj. Rep. 52, Geneva, Switzerland.
    • (2011) Global Ozone Res. and Monit. Proj. Rep. 52
  • 94
    • 0035878101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The tropopause in the polar regions
    • Zängl, G., and K. P. Hoinka (2001), The tropopause in the polar regions, J. Clim., 14, 3117-3139, doi: 10.1175/1520-0442(2001)014.
    • (2001) J. Clim. , vol.14 , pp. 3117-3139
    • Zängl, G.1    Hoinka, K.P.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.