Separating the dynamical effects of climate change and ozone depletion. Part II: Southern Hemisphere troposphere

Journal of Climate

Volumn 24, Issue 6, 2011, Pages 1850-1868

  McLandress, Charles ^a   Shepherd, Theodore G ^a   Scinocca, John F ^b   Plummer, David A ^b   Sigmond, Michael ^a   Jonsson, Andreas I ^a   Reader, M Catherine ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^b ENVIRONMENT CANADA   (Canada)

^c UNIVERSITY OF VICTORIA   (Canada)

Author keywords

Climate change; Dynamics; Greenhouse gases; Hadley cell; Hadley circulation; Ozone; Southern Hemisphere; Troposphere

Indexed keywords

ANTARCTICA; AUSTRAL SUMMERS; CIRCULATION CHANGES; DYNAMICAL EFFECTS; EDDY FLUXES; EXTRATROPICAL; FORCINGS; FUTURE TRENDS; HADLEY CELLS; HADLEY CIRCULATION; MIDDLE ATMOSPHERE MODEL; OZONE DEPLETING SUBSTANCES; OZONE DEPLETION; POLEWARD SHIFT; SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURES; SEPARATE EFFECTS; SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE; STATISTICAL UNCERTAINTY; SURFACE TEMPERATURE CHANGES; SURFACE TEMPERATURES; TRANSIENT WAVES; WAVE DRAGS;

ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE; CLOUDS; DRAG; GLOBAL WARMING; GREENHOUSE GASES; OZONE; OZONE LAYER; SURFACE PROPERTIES;

TROPOSPHERE;

ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION; ATMOSPHERIC FORCING; CLIMATE CHANGE; GREENHOUSE GAS; OZONE; OZONE DEPLETION; SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE; SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION; SURFACE TEMPERATURE; TROPOSPHERE;

ANTARCTICA;

EID: 79952145734     PISSN: 08948755     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/2010JCLI3958.1     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Arblaster, J. M., and G. A. Meehl, 2006: Contributions of external forcings to southern annular mode trends. J. Climate, 19, 2896-2904.
2. Austin, J., and Coauthors, 2010: Chemistry-climate model simulations of spring Antarctic ozone. J. Geophys. Res., 115, D00M11, doi:10.1029/2009JD013577.
3. Chen, G., and I. M. Held, 2007: Phase speed spectra and the recent poleward shift of Southern Hemisphere surface westerlies. Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L21805, doi:10.1029/2007GL031200.
4. de Grandpré, J., S. R. Beagley, V. I. Fomichev, E. Griffioen, J. C. McConnell, A. S. Medvedev, and T. G. Shepherd, 2000: Ozone climatology using interactive chemistry: Results from the Canadian middle atmosphere model. J. Geophys. Res., 105, 26 475-26 491.
5. Eyring, V., and Coauthors, 2008: Overview of the new CCMVal reference and sensitivity simulations in support of upcoming ozone and climate assessments and the planned SPARC CCMVal Report. SPARC Newsletter, No. 30, Stratospheric Processes and Their Role in Climate, World Climate Research Programme, 20-26.
6. Fu, Q., C. M. Johanson, J. M. Wallace, and T. Reichler, 2006: Enhanced mid-latitude tropospheric warming in satellite measurements. Science, 312, 1179.
7. Fyfe, J., G. Boer, and G. Flato, 1999: The Arctic and Antarctic oscillations and their projected changes under global warming. Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 1601-1604.
8. Gerber, E. P., and Coauthors, 2010: Stratosphere-troposphere coupling and annular mode variability in chemistry-climate models. J. Geophys. Res., 115, D00M06, doi:10.1029/2009JD013770.
9. Gillett, N. P., and D. W. J. Thompson, 2003: Simulation of recent Southern Hemisphere climate change. Science, 302, 273-275.
10. Gong, D., and S. Wang, 1999: Definition of Antarctic oscillation index. Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 459-462.
11. Houghton, J. T., Y. Ding, D. J. Griggs, M. Noguer, P. J. van der Linden, X. Dai, K. Maskell, and C. A. Johnson, Eds., 2001: Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis. Cambridge University Press, 881 pp.
12. Kalnay, E., and Coauthors, 1996: The NCEP/NCAR 40-Year Reanalysis Project. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 77, 437-471.
13. Kushner, P. J., and L. M. Polvani, 2004: Stratosphere-troposphere coupling in a relatively simple AGCM: The role of eddies. J. Climate, 17, 629-639.
14. Kushner, P. J., I. M. Held, and T. L. Delworth, 2001: Southern Hemisphere atmospheric circulation response to global warming. J. Climate, 14, 2238-2249.
15. 2 changes. J.Geophys. Res., 108, 4027, doi:10.1029/2002JD002069.
16. Marshall,G. J.,A. Orr, N. P.M. van Lipzig, and J.C.King, 2006: The impact of a changing Southern Hemisphere annular mode on Antarctic Peninsula summer temperatures. J. Climate, 19, 5388-5404.
17. McLandress, C., A. I. Jonsson, D. A. Plummer, M. C. Reader, J. F. Scinocca, and T. G. Shepherd, 2010: Separating the dynamical effects of climate change and ozone depletion. Part I: Southern Hemisphere stratosphere. J. Climate, 23, 5002-5020.
18. Perlwitz, J., S.Pawson,R.L.Fogt, J. E. Nielsen, andW.D.Neff, 2008: Impact of stratospheric ozone hole recovery on Antarctic climate. Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L08714, doi:10.1029/2008GL033317.
19. Polvani, L. M., D. W. Waugh, G. J. P. Correa, and S.-W. Son, 2011: Stratospheric ozone depletion: The main driver of twentiethcentury atmospheric circulation changes in the Southern Hemisphere? J. Climate, 24, 210-227.
20. Randel, W. J., and I. M. Held, 1991: Phase speed spectra of transient eddy fluxes and critical layer absorption. J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 688-697.
21. Randel, W. J., and Coauthors, 2009: An update of observed stratospheric temperature trends. J.Geophys. Res., 114, D02107, doi:10.1029/ 2008JD010421.
22. Reichler, T., M. Dameris, and R. Sausen, 2003: Determining the tropopause height from gridded data. Geophys. Res. Lett., 30, 2042, doi:10.1029/2003GL018240.
23. Scinocca, J. F., N. A. McFarlane, M. Lazare, J. Li, and D. Plummer, 2008: The CCCma third generation AGCM and its extension into themiddle atmosphere. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 7055-7074.
24. Seidel, D. J., and W. J. Randel, 2006: Variability and trends in the global tropopause estimated from radiosonde data. J. Geophys. Res., 111, D21101, doi:10.1029/2006JD007363.
25. Shepherd, T. G., 2002: Issues in stratosphere-troposphere coupling. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 80, 769-792.
26. Shine, K. P., and Coauthors, 2003:Acomparison ofmodel-simulated trends in stratospheric temperatures. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 129, 1565-1588.
27. Sigmond, M., and J. C. Fyfe, 2010:Has the ozone hole contributed to increased Antarctic sea ice extent? Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L18502, doi:10.1029/2010GL044301.
28. Simmonds, I., and K. Keay, 2000: Variability of Southern Hemisphere extratropical cyclone behavior, 1958-97. J. Climate, 13, 550-561.
29. Simpson, I. R., M. Blackburn, and J. D. Haigh, 2009: The role of eddies in driving the tropospheric response to stratospheric heating perturbations. J. Atmos. Sci., 66, 1347-1365.
30. Son, S.-W., and Coauthors, 2008: The impact of stratospheric ozone recovery on the Southern Hemisphere westerly jet. Science, 320, 1486-1489.
31. Son, S.-W., N. F. Tandon, L. M. Polvani, and D. W. Waugh, 2009: Ozone hole and Southern Hemisphere climate change. Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L15705, doi:10.1029/2009GL038671.
32. Son, S.-W., and Coauthors, 2010: The impact of stratospheric ozone on Southern Hemisphere circulation change: A multimodel assessment. J. Geophys. Res., 115, D00M07, doi:1029.2010JD014271.
33. Song, Y., and W. A. Robinson, 2004: Dynamical mechanisms for stratospheric influences on the troposphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 61, 1711-1725.
34. SPARC CCMVal, 2010: SPARC report on the evaluation of chemistry-climate models. V. Eyring, T. G. Shepherd, and D. W. Waugh, Eds., SPARC Rep. 5, WCRP-132, WMO/TD-1526, 434 pp. [Available online at http://www.atmosp.physics.utoronto.ca/SPARC.]
35. Thompson,D.W. J., and J. M. Wallace, 2000: Annular modes in the extratropical circulation. Part I: Month-to-month variability. J. Climate, 13, 1000-1016.
36. Thompson,D.W. J., and S. Solomon, 2002: Interpretation of recent Southern Hemisphere climate change. Science, 296, 895-899.
37. Thompson,D.W. J., J.M.Wallace, and G. C. Hegerl, 2000: Annular modes in the extratropical circulation. Part II: Trends. J. Climate, 13, 1018-1036.
38. Thompson,D.W. J., J. C. Furtado, and T. G. Shepherd, 2006: On the tropospheric response to anomalous stratospheric wave drag and radiative heating. J. Atmos. Sci., 63, 2616-2629.
39. Thorncroft, C. D., B. J. Hoskins, and M. E. McIntyre, 1993: Two paradigms of baroclinic-wave life-cycle behaviour. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 119, 17-55.
40. Waugh, D. W., W. J. Randel, S. Pawson, P. A. Newman, and E. R. Nash, 1999: Persistence of the lower stratospheric polar vortices. J. Geophys. Res., 104, 27 191-27 202.
41. Wittman, M. A. H., A. J. Charlton, and L. M. Polvani, 2007: The effect of lower stratospheric shear on baroclinic instability. J. Atmos. Sci., 64, 479-496.
42. WMO,2007: Scientific assessment of ozone depletion: 2006. Global Ozone Research Monitoring Project Rep. 50, WMO, Geneva, Switzerland.