Global statistics of multiple tropopauses from the IGRA database

Geophysical Research Letters

Volumn 34, Issue 6, 2007, Pages

  Añel, Juan A ^a   Antuña, Juan C ^b   de la Torre, Laura ^a   Nieto, Raquel ^a   Gimeno, Luis ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF VIGO   (Spain)

^b Grupo de Óptica Atmosférica de Camagüey Centro Meteorológico de Camagüey   (Cuba)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE; ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE; RADIOSONDES; SOUNDING ROCKETS; STATISTICS;

INTEGRATED GLOBAL RADIOSONDE ARCHIVE (IGRA); MULTIPLE TROPOPAUSES;

WEATHER SATELLITES;

AIR TEMPERATURE; ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; TROPOPAUSE;

EID: 34249870880     PISSN: 00948276     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2006GL029224     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. Añel, J. A., L. Gimeno, L. de la Torre, and R. Nieto (2006), Changes in tropopause height for the Eurasian region determined from CARDS radiosonde data, Naturwissenschaften, doi:10.1007/ s00114-006-0147-5.
2. Antuña, J. C., J. A. Añel, and L. Gimeno (2006), Impact of missing sounding reports on mandatory levels and tropopause statistics: A case study, Ann. Geophys., 24, 2445-2449.
3. Bjerknes, J., and E. Palmen (1937), Investigations of Selected European Cyclones by Means of Serial Ascents, Geofys. Publ., vol. 12, Universitetsforlaget, Oslo.
4. Durre, I., R. S. Vose, and D. B. Wuertz (2006), Overview of the Integrated Global Radiosonde Archive, J. Clim., 19, 53-68.
5. Elbern, H., J. Hendricks, and A. Ebel (1998), A climatology of tropopause folds by global analyses, Theor. Appl. Climatol., 59, 181-200.
6. Gettelman, A., and P. M. Forster (2002), A climatology of the tropical tropopause layer, J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn., 80, 911-924.
7. Harsson, B. G. (1971), The 2nd tropopause, a statistical and physical study, Nor. Polarinst. Skr., 155, 1-38.
8. Hoinka, K. P. (1999), Temperature, humidity and wind at the global tropopause, Mon. Weather Rev., 127, 2248-2265.
9. Holton, J. R., P. H. Haynes, M. E. McIntyre, A. R. Douglass, R. B. Rood, and L. Pfister (1995), Stratosphere-troposphere exchange, Rev. Geophys, 33, 403-439.
10. Lanzante, J. R., S. A. Klein, and D. J. Seidel (2003), Temporal homogenization of monthly radiosonde temperature data. part I: Methodology, J. Clim., 16, 224-240.
11. Makhover, Z. M. (1979), Feature of the tropopause distribution over the globe (in Russian), Meteorol. Geophys., 12, 33-39.
12. Makhover, Z. M. (1983), Climatology of the Tropopause (in Russian), Hydrometeoizdat, St. Petersburg, Russia.
13. Randel, W. J., F. Wu, and D. J. Gaffen (2000), Interannual variability of the tropical tropopause derived from radiosonde data and NCEP reanalyses, J. Geophys. Res., 105(D12), 15,509-15,523.
14. Santer, B. D., et al. (2003), Contributions of anthropogenic and natural forcing to recent tropopause height changes, Science, 301, 479-483.
15. Sausen, R., and B. D. Santer (2003), Use of changes in tropopause height to detect human influences on climate, Meteorol. Z., 12, 131-136.
16. Schmauss, A. (1909), Die obere Inversion, Meteorol. Z., 26, 251-258.
17. Schmidt, T., J. Wickert, G. Beyerle, and C. Reigber (2004), Tropical tropopause parameters derived from GPS radio occultation measurements with CHAMP, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D13105, doi:10.1029/ 2004JD004566.
18. Schmidt, T., G. Beyerle, S. Heise, J. Wickert, and M. Rothacher (2006), A climatology of multiple tropopauses derived from GPS radio occultations with CHAMP and SAC-C, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L04808, doi:10.1029/2005GL024600.
19. Seidel, D. J., and W. J. Randel (2006), Variability and trends in the global tropopause estimated from radiosonde data, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D21101, doi:10.1029/2006JD007363.
20. Sprenger, M., M. Croci Maspoli, and H. Wernli (2003), Tropopause folds and cross-tropopause exchange: A global investigation based upon ECMWF analyses for the time period March 2000 to February 2001, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D12), 8518, doi:10.1029/2002JD002587.
21. Varotsos, C., C. Cartalis, A. Vlamakis, C. Tzanis, and I. Keramitsoglou (2004), The long-term coupling between column ozone and tropopause properties, J. Clim., 17, 3843-3854.
22. Wallis, T. W. R. (1998), A subset of core stations from the Comprehensive Aerological Reference Dataset (CARDS), J. Clim., 11, 272-282.
23. Wirth, V. (2001), Cyclone-anticyclone asymmetry concerning the height of the thermal and the dynamical tropopause, J. Atmos. Sci., 58(1), 26-37.
24. World Meteorological Organization (1957), Meteorology - A three dimensional science, WMO Bull., 6, pp. 134-138, Geneva, Switzerland.