메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 100, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 342-362

Pharmacological management of obesity: An endocrine society clinical practice guideline

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALPHA GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITOR; AMFEBUTAMONE; AMFEPRAMONE; ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; ANTICONVULSIVE AGENT; ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT; ANTIDIABETIC AGENT; ANTIHISTAMINIC AGENT; ANTIRETROVIRUS AGENT; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; CANAGLIFLOZIN; DAPAGLIFLOZIN; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; DIPEPTIDYL PEPTIDASE IV INHIBITOR; GLITAZONE DERIVATIVE; INCRETIN; INSULIN; LIRAGLUTIDE; LORCASERIN; METFORMIN; NALTREXONE; NONSTEROID ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; PHENTERMINE RESIN; PIOGLITAZONE; SITAGLIPTIN; SULFONYLUREA DERIVATIVE; TETRAHYDROLIPSTATIN; TOPIRAMATE; UNINDEXED DRUG;

EID: 84922570654     PISSN: 0021972X     EISSN: 19457197     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1210/jc.2014-3415     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (890)

References (153)
  • 1
    • 3042651139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grading quality of evidence and strength of recommendations
    • Atkins D, Best D, Briss PA, et al. Grading quality of evidence and strength of recommendations. BMJ. 2004; 328: 1490.
    • (2004) BMJ , vol.328 , pp. 1490
    • Atkins, D.1    Best, D.2    Briss, P.A.3
  • 2
    • 40849142097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A case for clarity, consistency, and helpfulness: State-of-the-art clinical practice guidelines in endocrinology using the grading of recommendations, assessment, development, and evaluation system
    • Swiglo BA, Murad MH, Schünemann HJ, et al. A case for clarity, consistency, and helpfulness: state-of-the-art clinical practice guidelines in endocrinology using the grading of recommendations, assessment, development, and evaluation system. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008; 93: 666-673.
    • (2008) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.93 , pp. 666-673
    • Swiglo, B.A.1    Murad, M.H.2    Schünemann, H.J.3
  • 3
    • 84922486127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drugscommonly associated with weight change: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Domecq JP, Prutsky G, Leppin A, et al. Drugscommonly associated with weight change: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015; 100: 363-370.
    • (2015) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.100 , pp. 363-370
    • Domecq, J.P.1    Prutsky, G.2    Leppin, A.3
  • 4
    • 80355145120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decision aids for people facing health treatment or screening decisions
    • Stacey D, Légaré F, Col NF, et al. Decision aids for people facing health treatment or screening decisions. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014; 1: CD001431.
    • (2014) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , vol.1
    • Stacey, D.1    Légaré, F.2    Col, N.F.3
  • 6
    • 44449118562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obesity as a disease: A white paper on evidence and arguments commissioned by the council of the obesity society
    • Allison DB, Downey M, Atkinson RL, et al. Obesity as a disease: a white paper on evidence and arguments commissioned by the Council of the Obesity Society. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2008; 16: 1161-1177.
    • (2008) Obesity (Silver Spring) , vol.16 , pp. 1161-1177
    • Allison, D.B.1    Downey, M.2    Atkinson, R.L.3
  • 7
    • 0037464510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overweight, obesity, and mortality from cancer in a prospectively studied cohort of US adults
    • Calle EE, Rodriguez C, Walker-Thurmond K, Thun MJ. Overweight, obesity, and mortality from cancer in a prospectively studied cohort of U.S. adults. N Engl JMed. 2003; 348(17): 1625-1638.
    • (2003) N Engl JMed. , vol.348 , Issue.17 , pp. 1625-1638
    • Calle, E.E.1    Rodriguez, C.2    Walker-Thurmond, K.3    Thun, M.J.4
  • 8
    • 84903133961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2013 AHA/ACC/TOS guideline for the management of overweight and obesity in adults: A report of the American college of cardiology/American heart association task force on practice guidelines and the obesity society
    • Jensen MD, Ryan DH, Apovian CM, et al. 2013 AHA/ACC/TOS guideline for the management of overweight and obesity in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and The Obesity Society. Circulation. 2014; 129(25 suppl 2): S102-S138.
    • (2014) Circulation , vol.129 , Issue.25 , pp. S102-S138
    • Jensen, M.D.1    Ryan, D.H.2    Apovian, C.M.3
  • 9
    • 31044444463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-dose leptin reverses skeletal muscle, autonomic, and neuroendocrine adaptations to maintenance of reduced weight
    • Rosenbaum M, Goldsmith R, Bloomfield D, et al. Low-dose leptin reverses skeletal muscle, autonomic, and neuroendocrine adaptations to maintenance of reduced weight. J Clin Invest. 2005; 115: 3579-3586.
    • (2005) J Clin Invest , vol.115 , pp. 3579-3586
    • Rosenbaum, M.1    Goldsmith, R.2    Bloomfield, D.3
  • 10
    • 84875288613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of reduced weight maintenance and leptin repletion on functional connectivity of the hypothalamus in obese humans
    • Hinkle W, Cordell M, Leibel R, Rosenbaum M, Hirsch J. Effects of reduced weight maintenance and leptin repletion on functional connectivity of the hypothalamus in obese humans. PLoS One. 2013; 8: e59114.
    • (2013) PLoS One , vol.8
    • Hinkle, W.1    Cordell, M.2    Leibel, R.3    Rosenbaum, M.4    Hirsch, J.5
  • 11
    • 73549111308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of experimental weight perturbation on skeletal muscle work efficiency, fuel utilization, and biochemistry in human subjects
    • Goldsmith R, Joanisse DR, Gallagher D, et al. Effects of experimental weight perturbation on skeletal muscle work efficiency, fuel utilization, and biochemistry in human subjects. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2010; 298: R79-R88.
    • (2010) Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol , vol.298 , pp. R79-R88
    • Goldsmith, R.1    Joanisse, D.R.2    Gallagher, D.3
  • 12
    • 53949086714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term persistence of adaptive thermogenesis in subjects who have maintained a reduced body weight
    • Rosenbaum M, Hirsch J, Gallagher DA, Leibel RL. Long-term persistence of adaptive thermogenesis in subjects who have maintained a reduced body weight. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008; 88: 906-912.
    • (2008) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.88 , pp. 906-912
    • Rosenbaum, M.1    Hirsch, J.2    Gallagher, D.A.3    Leibel, R.L.4
  • 13
    • 0032923431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of exercise trainingon long-term weight maintenance in weight-reduced men
    • Pasman WJ, Saris WH, Muls E, Vansant G, Westerterp-Plantenga MS. Effect of exercise trainingon long-term weight maintenance in weight-reduced men. Metabolism. 1999; 48(1): 15-21.
    • (1999) Metabolism , vol.48 , Issue.1 , pp. 15-21
    • Pasman, W.J.1    Saris, W.H.2    Muls, E.3    Vansant, G.4    Westerterp-Plantenga, M.S.5
  • 14
    • 80054955347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term persistence of hormonal adaptations to weight loss
    • Sumithran P, Prendergast LA, Delbridge E, et al. Long-term persistence of hormonal adaptations to weight loss. N Engl J Med. 2011; 365: 1597-1604.
    • (2011) N Engl J Med , vol.365 , pp. 1597-1604
    • Sumithran, P.1    Prendergast, L.A.2    Delbridge, E.3
  • 15
    • 33846409122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical and molecular genetic spectrum of congenital deficiency of the leptin receptor
    • Farooqi IS, Wangensteen T, Collins S, et al. Clinical and molecular genetic spectrum of congenital deficiency of the leptin receptor. N Engl J Med. 2007; 356(3): 237-247.
    • (2007) N Engl J Med , vol.356 , Issue.3 , pp. 237-247
    • Farooqi, I.S.1    Wangensteen, T.2    Collins, S.3
  • 16
    • 58149480226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular physiology of weight regulation in mice and humans
    • Leibel RL Molecular physiology of weight regulation in mice and humans. Int J Obes (Lond). 2008; 32(Suppl. 7): S98-S108.
    • (2008) Int J Obes (Lond) , vol.32 , pp. S98-S108
    • Leibel, R.L.1
  • 17
    • 84874588315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular mechanisms of appetite regulation
    • Yu JH, Kim MS. Molecular mechanisms of appetite regulation. Diabetes Metab J. 2012; 36: 391-398.
    • (2012) Diabetes Metab J , vol.36 , pp. 391-398
    • Yu, J.H.1    Kim, M.S.2
  • 19
    • 84922588200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impulsivity, compulsivity, and addiction
    • 4th ed. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press
    • Stahl SM Impulsivity, compulsivity, and addiction. In: Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology. 4th ed. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press; 2013: 537-575.
    • (2013) Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology , pp. 537-575
    • Stahl, S.M.1
  • 20
    • 62749116046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Homeostatic and hedonic signals interact in the regulation of food intake
    • Lutter M, Nestler EJ. Homeostatic and hedonic signals interact in the regulation of food intake. J Nutr. 2009; 139: 629-632.
    • (2009) J Nutr , vol.139 , pp. 629-632
    • Lutter, M.1    Nestler, E.J.2
  • 21
  • 22
    • 39149140997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gastrointestinal peptides controlling body weight homeostasis
    • Mendieta-Zerón H, López M, Diéguez C. Gastrointestinal peptides controlling body weight homeostasis. Gen Comp Endocrinol. 2008; 155: 481-495.
    • (2008) Gen Comp Endocrinol , vol.155 , pp. 481-495
    • Mendieta-Zerón, H.1    López, M.2    Diéguez, C.3
  • 23
    • 17844401704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anatomy and regulation of the central melanocortin system
    • Cone RD Anatomy and regulation of the central melanocortin system. Nat Neurosci. 2005; 8: 571-578.
    • (2005) Nat Neurosci , vol.8 , pp. 571-578
    • Cone, R.D.1
  • 24
    • 0041859272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • To eat or not to eat - How the gut talks to the brain
    • Korner J, Leibel RL. To eat or not to eat - how the gut talks to the brain. N Engl J Med. 2003; 349: 926-928.
    • (2003) N Engl J Med , vol.349 , pp. 926-928
    • Korner, J.1    Leibel, R.L.2
  • 26
    • 84887155139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of phentermine and topiramate versus phenter-mine/topiramate extended-release in obese adults
    • Aronne LJ, Wadden TA, Peterson C, Winslow D, Odeh S, Gadde KM. Evaluation of phentermine and topiramate versus phenter-mine/topiramate extended-release in obese adults. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2013; 21: 2163-2171.
    • (2013) Obesity (Silver Spring) , vol.21 , pp. 2163-2171
    • Aronne, L.J.1    Wadden, T.A.2    Peterson, C.3    Winslow, D.4    Odeh, S.5    Gadde, K.M.6
  • 28
    • 0033585499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weight control and risk factor reduction in obese subjects treated for 2 years with orlistat: A randomized, controlled trial
    • Davidson MH, Hauptman J, DiGirolamo M, et al. Weight control and risk factor reduction in obese subjects treated for 2 years with orlistat: a randomized, controlled trial. JAMA. 1999; 281: 235-242.
    • (1999) JAMA , vol.281 , pp. 235-242
    • Davidson, M.H.1    Hauptman, J.2    DiGirolamo, M.3
  • 29
    • 1042303480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • XENical in the prevention of diabetes in obese subjects (XENDOS) study: A randomized study of orlistat as an adjunct to lifestyle changes for the prevention of type 2 diabetes in obese patients
    • Torgerson JS, Hauptman J, Boldrin MN, Sjöström L. XENical in the prevention of diabetes in obese subjects (XENDOS) study: a randomized study of orlistat as an adjunct to lifestyle changes for the prevention of type 2 diabetes in obese patients. Diabetes Care. 2004; 27(1): 155-161.
    • (2004) Diabetes Care , vol.27 , Issue.1 , pp. 155-161
    • Torgerson, J.S.1    Hauptman, J.2    Boldrin, M.N.3    Sjöström, L.4
  • 30
    • 84887840117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weight maintenance and additional weight loss with liraglutide after low-calorie-diet-induced weight loss: The SCALE maintenance randomized study
    • Wadden TA, Hollander P, Klein S, et al. Weight maintenance and additional weight loss with liraglutide after low-calorie-diet-induced weight loss: the SCALE Maintenance randomized study. Int J Obes (Lond). 2013; 37: 1443-1451.
    • (2013) Int J Obes (Lond) , vol.37 , pp. 1443-1451
    • Wadden, T.A.1    Hollander, P.2    Klein, S.3
  • 31
    • 84862207266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety, tolerability and sustained weight loss over 2 years with the once-daily human GLP-1 analog, liraglutide
    • [Errata (2012) 36: 890 and (2013) 37: 322]
    • Astrup A, Carraro R, Finer N, et al. Safety, tolerability and sustained weight loss over 2 years with the once-daily human GLP-1 analog, liraglutide. Int J Obes (Lond) [Errata (2012) 36: 890 and (2013) 37: 322]. 2012; 36: 843-854.
    • (2012) Int J Obes (Lond) , vol.36 , pp. 843-854
    • Astrup, A.1    Carraro, R.2    Finer, N.3
  • 32
    • 84882251091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors for type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Vasilakou D, Karagiannis T, Athanasiadou E, et al. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors for type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med. 2013; 159: 262-274.
    • (2013) Ann Intern Med , vol.159 , pp. 262-274
    • Vasilakou, D.1    Karagiannis, T.2    Athanasiadou, E.3
  • 33
  • 34
    • 84891919414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term drug treatment for obesity: A systematic and clinical review
    • Yanovski SZ, Yanovski JA. Long-term drug treatment for obesity: a systematic and clinical review. JAMA. 2014; 311: 74-86.
    • (2014) JAMA , vol.311 , pp. 74-86
    • Yanovski, S.Z.1    Yanovski, J.A.2
  • 35
    • 4344696762 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What interventions should we add to weight reducing diets in adults with obesity? A systematic review of randomized controlled trials of adding drug therapy, exercise, behaviour therapy or combinations of these interventions
    • Avenell A, Brown TJ, McGee MA, et al. What interventions should we add to weight reducing diets in adults with obesity? A systematic review of randomized controlled trials of adding drug therapy, exercise, behaviour therapy or combinations of these interventions. J Hum Nutr Diet. 2004; 17: 293-316.
    • (2004) J Hum Nutr Diet , vol.17 , pp. 293-316
    • Avenell, A.1    Brown, T.J.2    McGee, M.A.3
  • 36
    • 27844487932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized trial of lifestyle modification and pharmacotherapy for obesity
    • Wadden TA, Berkowitz RI, Womble LG, et al. Randomized trial of lifestyle modification and pharmacotherapy for obesity. N Engl J Med. 2005; 353: 2111-2120.
    • (2005) N Engl J Med , vol.353 , pp. 2111-2120
    • Wadden, T.A.1    Berkowitz, R.I.2    Womble, L.G.3
  • 37
    • 77956904326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weight loss with naltrex-one SR/bupropion SR combination therapy as an adjunct to behavior modification: The COR-BMOD trial
    • Wadden TA, Foreyt JP, Foster GD, et al. Weight loss with naltrex-one SR/bupropion SR combination therapy as an adjunct to behavior modification: the COR-BMOD trial. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2011; 19: 110-120.
    • (2011) Obesity (Silver Spring) , vol.19 , pp. 110-120
    • Wadden, T.A.1    Foreyt, J.P.2    Foster, G.D.3
  • 38
    • 0035799806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus by changes in lifestyle among subjects with impaired glucose tolerance
    • Tuomilehto J, Lindström J, Eriksson JG, et al. Prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus by changes in lifestyle among subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. N Engl J Med. 2001; 344: 1343-1350.
    • (2001) N Engl J Med. , vol.344 , pp. 1343-1350
    • Tuomilehto, J.1    Lindström, J.2    Eriksson, J.G.3
  • 39
    • 33845314778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of weight loss with lifestyle intervention on risk ofdiabetes
    • Hamman RF, Wing RR, Edelstein SL, et al. Effect of weight loss with lifestyle intervention on risk ofdiabetes. Diabetes Care. 2006; 29: 2102-2107.
    • (2006) Diabetes Care , vol.29 , pp. 2102-2107
    • Hamman, R.F.1    Wing, R.R.2    Edelstein, S.L.3
  • 40
    • 83055166908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of lifestyle interventions for individuals with severe obesity and type 2 diabetes: Results from the look AHEAD trial
    • Unick JL, Beavers D, Jakicic JM, et al. Effectiveness of lifestyle interventions for individuals with severe obesity and type 2 diabetes: results from the Look AHEAD trial. Diabetes Care. 2011; 34: 2152-2157.
    • (2011) Diabetes Care , vol.34 , pp. 2152-2157
    • Unick, J.L.1    Beavers, D.2    Jakicic, J.M.3
  • 41
    • 84856388467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two-year sustained weight loss and metabolic benefits with controlled-release phentermine/topiramate in obese and overweight adults (SEQUEL): A randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 3 extension study
    • Garvey WT, Ryan DH, Look M, et al. Two-year sustained weight loss and metabolic benefits with controlled-release phentermine/topiramate in obese and overweight adults (SEQUEL): a randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 3 extension study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012; 95: 297-308.
    • (2012) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.95 , pp. 297-308
    • Garvey, W.T.1    Ryan, D.H.2    Look, M.3
  • 42
    • 80053539943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A one-year randomized trial of lorcaserin for weight loss in obese and overweight adults: The BLOSSOM trial
    • Fidler MC, Sanchez M, Raether B, et al. A one-year randomized trial of lorcaserin for weight loss in obese and overweight adults: the BLOSSOM trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011; 96: 3067-3077.
    • (2011) J Clin Endocrinol Metab. , vol.96 , pp. 3067-3077
    • Fidler, M.C.1    Sanchez, M.2    Raether, B.3
  • 43
    • 79954561234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of low-dose, con-trolled-release, phentermine plus topiramate combination on weight and associated comorbidities in overweight and obese adults (CONQUER): A randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial
    • Gadde KM, Allison DB, Ryan DH, et al. Effects of low-dose, con-trolled-release, phentermine plus topiramate combination on weight and associated comorbidities in overweight and obese adults (CONQUER): a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2011; 377: 1341-1352.
    • (2011) Lancet , vol.377 , pp. 1341-1352
    • Gadde, K.M.1    Allison, D.B.2    Ryan, D.H.3
  • 44
    • 77954635020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multicenter, placebo-controlled trial of lorcaserin for weight management
    • Smith SR, Weissman NJ, Anderson CM, et al. Multicenter, placebo-controlled trial of lorcaserin for weight management. N Engl J Med. 2010; 363: 245-256.
    • (2010) N Engl J Med. , vol.363 , pp. 245-256
    • Smith, S.R.1    Weissman, N.J.2    Anderson, C.M.3
  • 45
    • 84862869642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial of lorcaserin for weight loss in type 2 diabetes mellitus: The BLOOM-DM study
    • O'Neil PM, Smith SR, Weissman NJ, et al. Randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial of lorcaserin for weight loss in type 2 diabetes mellitus: the BLOOM-DM study. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2012; 20: 1426-1436.
    • (2012) Obesity (Silver Spring) , vol.20 , pp. 1426-1436
    • O'Neil, P.M.1    Smith, S.R.2    Weissman, N.J.3
  • 47
    • 84922565556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • South San Francisco, CA: Genentech USA Inc. Accessed July 2, 2014
    • Xenical (orlistat) [prescribing information]. South San Francisco, CA: Genentech USA Inc. http://www.gene.com/download/pdf/xenical-prescribing.pdf. Accessed July 2, 2014.
    • Xenical (orlistat) [prescribing Information]
  • 48
    • 84922588199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Moon Township, PA: Glaxo Smith Kline Approved February 7, 2007. Accessed July 2, 2014
    • Alli (orlistat) [label]. Moon Township, PA: Glaxo Smith Kline. http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda-docs/label/2007/021887lbl.pdf. Approved February 7, 2007. Accessed July 2, 2014.
    • Alli (orlistat) [label]
  • 49
    • 84922541330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Zofingen, Switzerland: Arena Pharmaceuticals GmbH Accessed July 2, 2014
    • Belviq (lorcaserin) [prescribing information]. Zofingen, Switzerland: Arena Pharmaceuticals GmbH. https://www.belviqhcp.com/media/1001/belviq-prescribing-information.pdf. Accessed July 2, 2014.
    • Belviq (lorcaserin) [prescribing Information]
  • 50
    • 0035017373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Second phase of a double-blind study clinical trial on sibutramine for the treatment of patients suffering essential obesity: 6 months after treatment cross-over
    • Fanghänel G, Cortinas L, Sánchez-Reyes L, Berber A. Second phase of a double-blind study clinical trial on Sibutramine for the treatment of patients suffering essential obesity: 6 months after treatment cross-over. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2001; 25: 741-747.
    • (2001) Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord , vol.25 , pp. 741-747
    • Fanghänel, G.1    Cortinas, L.2    Sánchez-Reyes, L.3    Berber, A.4
  • 51
    • 0032543870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomised placebo-controlled trial of orlistat for weight loss and prevention of weight regain in obese patients
    • European Multicentre Orlistat Study Group
    • Sjöström L, Rissanen A, Andersen T, et al. Randomised placebo-controlled trial of orlistat for weight loss and prevention of weight regain in obese patients. European Multicentre Orlistat Study Group. Lancet. 1998; 352: 167-172.
    • (1998) Lancet , vol.352 , pp. 167-172
    • Sjöström, L.1    Rissanen, A.2    Andersen, T.3
  • 52
    • 33749638780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-dose orlistat effects on body weight of mildly to moderately overweight individuals: A 16 week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    • Anderson JW, Schwartz SM, Hauptman J, et al. Low-dose orlistat effects on body weight of mildly to moderately overweight individuals: a 16 week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ann Pharmacother. 2006; 40: 1717-1723.
    • (2006) Ann Pharmacother , vol.40 , pp. 1717-1723
    • Anderson, J.W.1    Schwartz, S.M.2    Hauptman, J.3
  • 53
    • 85047695511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacotherapy for obesity: A quantitative analysis of four decades of published randomized clinical trials
    • Haddock CK, Poston WS, Dill PL, Foreyt JP, Ericsson M. Pharmacotherapy for obesity: a quantitative analysis of four decades of published randomized clinical trials. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2002; 26: 262-273.
    • (2002) Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord , vol.26 , pp. 262-273
    • Haddock, C.K.1    Poston, W.S.2    Dill, P.L.3    Foreyt, J.P.4    Ericsson, M.5
  • 54
    • 67649227786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body mass index and risk, age of onset, and survival in patients with pancreatic cancer
    • Li D, Morris JS, Liu J, et al. Body mass index and risk, age of onset, and survival in patients with pancreatic cancer. JAMA. 2009; 301: 2553-2562.
    • (2009) JAMA , vol.301 , pp. 2553-2562
    • Li, D.1    Morris, J.S.2    Liu, J.3
  • 55
    • 3042622492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic review of the long-term effects and economic consequences of treatments for obesity and implications for health improvement
    • 1-182
    • Avenell A, Broom J, Brown TJ, et al. Systematic review of the long-term effects and economic consequences of treatments for obesity and implications for health improvement. Health Technol Assess. 2004; 8: iii-iv, 1-182.
    • (2004) Health Technol Assess , vol.8 , pp. iii-iv
    • Avenell, A.1    Broom, J.2    Brown, T.J.3
  • 56
    • 37249083878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long term phar-macotherapy for obesity and overweight: Updated meta-analysis
    • Rucker D, Padwal R, Li SK, Curioni C, Lau DC. Long term phar-macotherapy for obesity and overweight: updated meta-analysis. BMJ. 2007; 335(7631): 1194-1199.
    • (2007) BMJ , vol.335 , Issue.7631 , pp. 1194-1199
    • Rucker, D.1    Padwal, R.2    Li, S.K.3    Curioni, C.4    Lau, D.C.5
  • 57
    • 80053516605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of primary care-relevant treatments for obesity in adults: Asystematic evidence review for the U.S. Preventive services task force
    • Leblanc ES, O'Connor E, Whitlock EP, Patnode CD, Kapka T. Effectiveness of primary care-relevant treatments for obesity in adults: asystematic evidence review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med. 2011; 155: 434-447.
    • (2011) Ann Intern Med , vol.155 , pp. 434-447
    • Leblanc, E.S.1    O'Connor, E.2    Whitlock, E.P.3    Patnode, C.D.4    Kapka, T.5
  • 58
    • 33646842569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized, doubleblind, placebo-controlled trial of orlistat for weight loss in adolescents
    • Maahs D, de Serna DG, Kolotkin RL, et al. Randomized, doubleblind, placebo-controlled trial of orlistat for weight loss in adolescents. Endocr Pract. 2006; 12: 18-28.
    • (2006) Endocr Pract , vol.12 , pp. 18-28
    • Maahs, D.1    De Serna, D.G.2    Kolotkin, R.L.3
  • 60
    • 57349174466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical review: Treatment of pediatric obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials
    • McGovern L, Johnson JN, Paulo R, et al. Clinical review: treatment of pediatric obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008; 93: 4600-4605.
    • (2008) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.93 , pp. 4600-4605
    • McGovern, L.1    Johnson, J.N.2    Paulo, R.3
  • 61
    • 84856246606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Controlled-release phentermine/topiramate in severely obese adults: A randomized controlled trial (EQUIP)
    • Allison DB, Gadde KM, Garvey WT, et al. Controlled-release phentermine/topiramate in severely obese adults: a randomized controlled trial (EQUIP). Obesity (Silver Spring). 2012; 20: 330-342.
    • (2012) Obesity (Silver Spring) , vol.20 , pp. 330-342
    • Allison, D.B.1    Gadde, K.M.2    Garvey, W.T.3
  • 63
    • 85027952186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of metformin on weight loss: Potential mechanisms
    • Malin SK, Kashyap SR. Effects of metformin on weight loss: potential mechanisms. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2014; 21(5): 323-329.
    • (2014) Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes , vol.21 , Issue.5 , pp. 323-329
    • Malin, S.K.1    Kashyap, S.R.2
  • 64
    • 80055051189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metformin opposes impaired AMPK and SIRT1 function and deleterious changes in core clock protein expression in white adipose tissue of genetically-obese db/db mice
    • Caton PW, Kieswich J, Yaqoob MM, Holness MJ, Sugden MC. Metformin opposes impaired AMPK and SIRT1 function and deleterious changes in core clock protein expression in white adipose tissue of genetically-obese db/db mice. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2011; 13(12): 1097-1104.
    • (2011) Diabetes Obes Metab , vol.13 , Issue.12 , pp. 1097-1104
    • Caton, P.W.1    Kieswich, J.2    Yaqoob, M.M.3    Holness, M.J.4    Sugden, M.C.5
  • 65
    • 18844392661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of pramlintideon satiety and food intake in obese subjects and subjects with type 2 diabetes
    • Chapman I, Parker B, Doran S, et al. Effect of pramlintideon satiety and food intake in obese subjects and subjects with type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia. 2005; 48(5): 838-848.
    • (2005) Diabetologia , vol.48 , Issue.5 , pp. 838-848
    • Chapman, I.1    Parker, B.2    Doran, S.3
  • 66
    • 34547621757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pramlintide treatment reduces 24-h caloric intake and meal sizes and improves control of eating in obese subjects: A 6-wk translational research study
    • Smith SR, Blundell JE, Burns C, et al. Pramlintide treatment reduces 24-h caloric intake and meal sizes and improves control of eating in obese subjects: a 6-wk translational research study. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2007; 293(2): E620-E627.
    • (2007) Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab , vol.293 , Issue.2 , pp. E620-E627
    • Smith, S.R.1    Blundell, J.E.2    Burns, C.3
  • 67
    • 84858020943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of dapagliflozin on body weight, total fat mass, and regional adipose tissue distribution in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with inadequate glycemic control on metformin
    • Bolinder J, Ljunggren Ö, Kullberg J, et al. Effects of dapagliflozin on body weight, total fat mass, and regional adipose tissue distribution in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with inadequate glycemic control on metformin. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012; 97: 1020-1031.
    • (2012) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.97 , pp. 1020-1031
    • Bolinder, J.1    Ljunggren, O.2    Kullberg, J.3
  • 68
    • 84903179652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changesin weight loss-related quality of life among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients treated with dapagliflozin
    • Grandy S, Hashemi M, Langkilde AM, Parikh S, Sjöström CD. Changesin weight loss-related quality of life among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients treated with dapagliflozin. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2014; 16: 645-650.
    • (2014) Diabetes Obes Metab , vol.16 , pp. 645-650
    • Grandy, S.1    Hashemi, M.2    Langkilde, A.M.3    Parikh, S.4    Sjöström, C.D.5
  • 69
    • 0037034257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin
    • Knowler WC, Barrett-Connor E, Fowler SE, et al. Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin. N Engl J Med. 2002; 346: 393-403.
    • (2002) N Engl J Med. , vol.346 , pp. 393-403
    • Knowler, W.C.1    Barrett-Connor, E.2    Fowler, S.E.3
  • 70
    • 84859444408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Initial therapy with the fixed-dose combination of sitagliptin and metformin results in greater improvement in glycaemic control compared with pioglitazone monotherapy in patients with type 2 diabetes
    • Wainstein J, Katz L, Engel SS, et al. Initial therapy with the fixed-dose combination of sitagliptin and metformin results in greater improvement in glycaemic control compared with pioglitazone monotherapy in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2012; 14(5): 409-418.
    • (2012) Diabetes Obes Metab , vol.14 , Issue.5 , pp. 409-418
    • Wainstein, J.1    Katz, L.2    Engel, S.S.3
  • 71
    • 77956654077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weight loss, glycemic control, and changes in cardiovascular biomarkers in patients with type 2 diabetes receiving incretin therapies or insulin in a large cohort database
    • Horton ES, Silberman C, Davis KL, Berria R. Weight loss, glycemic control, and changes in cardiovascular biomarkers in patients with type 2 diabetes receiving incretin therapies or insulin in a large cohort database. Diabetes Care. 2010; 33: 1759-1765.
    • (2010) Diabetes Care , vol.33 , pp. 1759-1765
    • Horton, E.S.1    Silberman, C.2    Davis, K.L.3    Berria, R.4
  • 72
    • 59449101432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liraglutide versus glimepiride monotherapy for type 2 diabetes (LEAD-3 mono): A randomised, 52-week, phase III, double-blind, parallel-treatment trial
    • Garber A, Henry R, Ratner R, et al. Liraglutide versus glimepiride monotherapy for type 2 diabetes (LEAD-3 Mono): a randomised, 52-week, phase III, double-blind, parallel-treatment trial. Lancet. 2009; 373(9662): 473-481.
    • (2009) Lancet , vol.373 , Issue.9662 , pp. 473-481
    • Garber, A.1    Henry, R.2    Ratner, R.3
  • 74
    • 84890568491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and metformin as initial combination therapy and as monotherapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis
    • Wu D, Li L, Liu C. Efficacy and safety of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and metformin as initial combination therapy and as monotherapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2014; 16(1): 30-37.
    • (2014) Diabetes Obes Metab , vol.16 , Issue.1 , pp. 30-37
    • Wu, D.1    Li, L.2    Liu, C.3
  • 75
    • 84859721063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DPP-4 inhibitors in the management of type 2 diabetes: A critical review of head-to-head trials
    • Scheen AJ DPP-4 inhibitors in the management of type 2 diabetes: a critical review of head-to-head trials. Diabetes Metab. 2012; 38: 89-101.
    • (2012) Diabetes Metab , vol.38 , pp. 89-101
    • Scheen, A.J.1
  • 76
    • 80051560065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Second-line therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin monotherapy: A systematic review and mixed-treatment comparison meta-analysis
    • McIntosh B, Cameron C, Singh SR, et al. Second-line therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin monotherapy: a systematic review and mixed-treatment comparison meta-analysis. Open Med. 2011; 5: e35-e48.
    • (2011) Open Med , vol.5 , pp. e35-e48
    • McIntosh, B.1    Cameron, C.2    Singh, S.R.3
  • 77
    • 78650636365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of pramlintide acetate on glycemic control and weight in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and in obese patients without diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Singh-Franco D, Perez A, Harrington C. The effect of pramlintide acetate on glycemic control and weight in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and in obese patients without diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2011; 13: 169-180.
    • (2011) Diabetes Obes Metab , vol.13 , pp. 169-180
    • Singh-Franco, D.1    Perez, A.2    Harrington, C.3
  • 78
    • 84864283226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SGLT2 inhibition in diabetes mellitus: Rationale and clinical prospects
    • Ferrannini E, Solini A. SGLT2 inhibition in diabetes mellitus: rationale and clinical prospects. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2012; 8: 495-502.
    • (2012) Nat Rev Endocrinol , vol.8 , pp. 495-502
    • Ferrannini, E.1    Solini, A.2
  • 80
    • 34547681733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combination therapy with new targets in type 2 diabetes: A review of available agents with a focus on pre-exercise adjustment
    • McDonnell ME Combination therapy with new targets in type 2 diabetes: a review of available agents with a focus on pre-exercise adjustment. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev. 2007; 27: 193-201.
    • (2007) J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev , vol.27 , pp. 193-201
    • McDonnell, M.E.1
  • 81
    • 60449089649 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medical management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes: A consensus algorithm for the initiation and adjustment of therapy: A consensus statement of the American diabetes association and the European association for the study of diabetes
    • Nathan DM, Buse JB, Davidson MB, et al. Medical management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes: a consensus algorithm for the initiation and adjustment of therapy: a consensus statement of the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2009; 32: 193-203.
    • (2009) Diabetes Care , vol.32 , pp. 193-203
    • Nathan, D.M.1    Buse, J.B.2    Davidson, M.B.3
  • 83
    • 33947302393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin detemir results in lessweight gain than NPH insulin whenusedinbasal-bolustherapy for type2 diabetes mellitus, and this advantage increases with baseline body mass index
    • Raslová K, Tamer SC, Clauson P, Karl D. Insulin detemir results in lessweight gain than NPH insulin whenusedinbasal-bolustherapy for type2 diabetes mellitus, and this advantage increases with baseline body mass index. Clin Drug Investig. 2007; 27: 279-285.
    • (2007) Clin Drug Investig , vol.27 , pp. 279-285
    • Raslová, K.1    Tamer, S.C.2    Clauson, P.3    Karl, D.4
  • 84
    • 33947695694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does insulin detemir have a role in reducing risk of insulin-associated weight gain?
    • Hermansen K, Davies M. Does insulin detemir have a role in reducing risk of insulin-associated weight gain? Diabetes Obes Metab. 2007; 9: 209-217.
    • (2007) Diabetes Obes Metab. , vol.9 , pp. 209-217
    • Hermansen, K.1    Davies, M.2
  • 85
    • 35548947584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Addition of biphasic, prandial, or basal insulin to oral therapy in type 2 diabetes
    • Holman RR, Thorne KI, Farmer AJ, et al. Addition of biphasic, prandial, or basal insulin to oral therapy in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2007; 357: 1716-1730.
    • (2007) N Engl J Med. , vol.357 , pp. 1716-1730
    • Holman, R.R.1    Thorne, K.I.2    Farmer, A.J.3
  • 86
    • 16644372491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin monotherapy versus combinations of insulin with oral hypoglycaemic agents in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
    • Goudswaard AN, Furlong NJ, Rutten GE, Stolk RP, Valk GD. Insulin monotherapy versus combinations of insulin with oral hypoglycaemic agents in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2004; 4: CD003418.
    • (2004) Cochrane Database Syst Rev. , vol.4
    • Goudswaard, A.N.1    Furlong, N.J.2    Rutten, G.E.3    Stolk, R.P.4    Valk, G.D.5
  • 87
    • 0028966408 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of insulin with or without continuation of oral hypoglycemic agents in the treatment of secondary failure in NIDDM patients
    • Chow CC, Tsang LW, Sorensen JP, Cockram CS. Comparison of insulin with or without continuation of oral hypoglycemic agents in the treatment of secondary failure in NIDDM patients. Diabetes Care. 1995; 18: 307-314.
    • (1995) Diabetes Care. , vol.18 , pp. 307-314
    • Chow, C.C.1    Tsang, L.W.2    Sorensen, J.P.3    Cockram, C.S.4
  • 88
    • 0344609217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Causes of weight gain during insulin therapy with and without metformin in patients with type II diabetes mellitus
    • Mäkimattila S, Nikkilä K, Yki-Järvinen H. Causes of weight gain during insulin therapy with and without metformin in patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia. 1999; 42: 406-412.
    • (1999) Diabetologia , vol.42 , pp. 406-412
    • Mäkimattila, S.1    Nikkilä, K.2    Yki-Järvinen, H.3
  • 89
    • 0042167233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pramlintide as an adjunct to insulin therapy improves long-term glycemic and weight control in patients with type 2 diabetes: A 1-year randomized controlled trial
    • Hollander PA, Levy P, Fineman MS, et al. Pramlintide as an adjunct to insulin therapy improves long-term glycemic and weight control in patients with type 2 diabetes: a 1-year randomized controlled trial. Diabetes Care. 2003; 26: 784-790.
    • (2003) Diabetes Care. , vol.26 , pp. 784-790
    • Hollander, P.A.1    Levy, P.2    Fineman, M.S.3
  • 90
    • 34547739135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progressive reduction in body weight after treatment with the amylin analog pramlintide in obese subjects: A phase 2, randomized, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation study
    • Aronne L, Fujioka K, Aroda V, et al. Progressive reduction in body weight after treatment with the amylin analog pramlintide in obese subjects: a phase 2, randomized, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007; 92: 2977-2983.
    • (2007) J Clin Endocrinol Metab. , vol.92 , pp. 2977-2983
    • Aronne, L.1    Fujioka, K.2    Aroda, V.3
  • 91
    • 78751706714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of insulin detemir once daily in combination with sitagliptin and metformin: The TRANSITION randomized controlled trial
    • Hollander P, Raslova K, Skjøth TV, Råstam J, Liutkus JF. Efficacy and safety of insulin detemir once daily in combination with sitagliptin and metformin: the TRANSITION randomized controlled trial. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2011; 13: 268-275.
    • (2011) Diabetes Obes Metab. , vol.13 , pp. 268-275
    • Hollander, P.1    Raslova, K.2    Skjøth, T.V.3    Råstam, J.4    Liutkus, J.F.5
  • 92
    • 79551615182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of twice-daily exenatide in basal insulin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized, controlled trial
    • Buse JB, Bergenstal RM, Glass LC, et al. Use of twice-daily exenatide in basal insulin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med. 2011; 154: 103-112.
    • (2011) Ann Intern Med. , vol.154 , pp. 103-112
    • Buse, J.B.1    Bergenstal, R.M.2    Glass, L.C.3
  • 93
    • 84922588198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deerfield, IL: Takeda Pharmaceuticals USA Inc. Accessed January 5, 2015
    • Contrave [package insert]. Deerfield, IL: Takeda Pharmaceuticals USA Inc. http://general.takedapharm.com/content/file.aspx?filetypecode=CONTRAVEPI&CountryCode=US&LanguageCode=EN&cacheRandomizer=bc8d4bba-8158-44f2-92b3-1e1ba338af0a. Accessed January 5, 2015.
    • Contrave [package Insert]
  • 94
    • 70350534273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three-year efficacy of complex insulin regimens in type 2 diabetes
    • Holman RR, Farmer AJ, Davies MJ, et al. Three-year efficacy of complex insulin regimens in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2009; 361: 1736-1747.
    • (2009) N Engl J Med. , vol.361 , pp. 1736-1747
    • Holman, R.R.1    Farmer, A.J.2    Davies, M.J.3
  • 95
    • 0037434556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of outcomes with angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors and diuretics for hypertension in the elderly
    • Wing LM, Reid CM, Ryan P, et al. A comparison of outcomes with angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors and diuretics for hypertension in the elderly. N Engl J Med. 2003; 348: 583-592.
    • (2003) N Engl J Med. , vol.348 , pp. 583-592
    • Wing, L.M.1    Reid, C.M.2    Ryan, P.3
  • 97
    • 0035090283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypothesis: β-adrenergic receptor blockers and weight gain: A systematic analysis
    • Sharma AM, Pischon T, Hardt S, Kunz I, Luft FC. Hypothesis: β-adrenergic receptor blockers and weight gain: a systematic analysis. Hypertension. 2001; 37: 250-254.
    • (2001) Hypertension , vol.37 , pp. 250-254
    • Sharma, A.M.1    Pischon, T.2    Hardt, S.3    Kunz, I.4    Luft, F.C.5
  • 98
    • 34250900379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body weight changes with β-blocker use: Results from GEMINI
    • Messerli FH, Bell DS, Fonseca V, et al. Body weight changes with β-blocker use: results from GEMINI. Am J Med. 2007; 120: 610-615.
    • (2007) Am J Med. , vol.120 , pp. 610-615
    • Messerli, F.H.1    Bell, D.S.2    Fonseca, V.3
  • 99
    • 78149305142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antidepressants and body weight: A comprehensive review and meta-analysis
    • Serretti A, Mandelli L. Antidepressants and body weight: a comprehensive review and meta-analysis. J Clin Psychiatry. 2010; 71: 1259-1272.
    • (2010) J Clin Psychiatry. , vol.71 , pp. 1259-1272
    • Serretti, A.1    Mandelli, L.2
  • 100
    • 33845897129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differentiating antidepressants of the future: Efficacy and safety
    • Rosenzweig-Lipson S, Beyer CE, Hughes ZA, et al. Differentiating antidepressants of the future: efficacy and safety. Pharmacol Ther. 2007; 113: 134-153.
    • (2007) Pharmacol Ther. , vol.113 , pp. 134-153
    • Rosenzweig-Lipson, S.1    Beyer, C.E.2    Hughes, Z.A.3
  • 101
    • 0036082599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tolerability and safety aspects of mirtazapine
    • Nutt DJ Tolerability and safety aspects of mirtazapine. Hum Psychopharmacol. 2002; 17(Suppl. 1): S37-S41.
    • (2002) Hum Psychopharmacol. , vol.17 , pp. S37-S41
    • Nutt, D.J.1
  • 102
    • 0033922420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weight change in older depressed patients during acute pharmacotherapy with paroxetine and nortriptyline: A double-blind randomized trial
    • Weber E, Stack J, Pollock BG, et al. Weight change in older depressed patients during acute pharmacotherapy with paroxetine and nortriptyline: a double-blind randomized trial. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2000; 8: 245-250.
    • (2000) Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. , vol.8 , pp. 245-250
    • Weber, E.1    Stack, J.2    Pollock, B.G.3
  • 104
    • 0035041926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antipsychotic-induced weight gain: A review of the literature
    • Allison DB, Casey DE. Antipsychotic-induced weight gain: a review of the literature. J Clin Psychiatry. 2001; 62(Suppl. 7): 22-31.
    • (2001) J Clin Psychiatry. , vol.62 , pp. 22-31
    • Allison, D.B.1    Casey, D.E.2
  • 105
    • 0035040066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The clinical implications of weight gain in schizophrenia
    • Kurzthaler I, Fleischhacker WW. The clinical implications of weight gain in schizophrenia. J Clin Psychiatry. 2001; 62(Suppl. 7): 32-37.
    • (2001) J Clin Psychiatry. , vol.62 , pp. 32-37
    • Kurzthaler, I.1    Fleischhacker, W.W.2
  • 106
    • 0034042934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clozapine, diabetes mellitus, weight gain, and lipid abnormalities: A five-year naturalistic study
    • Henderson DC, Cagliero E, Gray C, et al. Clozapine, diabetes mellitus, weight gain, and lipid abnormalities: a five-year naturalistic study. Am J Psychiatry. 2000; 157: 975-981.
    • (2000) Am J Psychiatry. , vol.157 , pp. 975-981
    • Henderson, D.C.1    Cagliero, E.2    Gray, C.3
  • 107
    • 25144456112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of anti-psychotic drugs in patients with chronic schizophrenia
    • Lieberman JA, Stroup TS, McEvoy JP, et al. Effectiveness of anti-psychotic drugs in patients with chronic schizophrenia. N Engl J Med. 2005; 353: 1209-1223.
    • (2005) N Engl J Med. , vol.353 , pp. 1209-1223
    • Lieberman, J.A.1    Stroup, T.S.2    McEvoy, J.P.3
  • 108
    • 4744338410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized, controlled, double-blind multicenter comparison of the efficacy and tolerability of ziprasidone and olanzapine in acutely ill inpatients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder
    • Simpson GM, Glick ID, Weiden PJ, Romano SJ, Siu CO. Randomized, controlled, double-blind multicenter comparison of the efficacy and tolerability of ziprasidone and olanzapine in acutely ill inpatients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 2004; 161: 1837-1847.
    • (2004) Am J Psychiatry , vol.161 , pp. 1837-1847
    • Simpson, G.M.1    Glick, I.D.2    Weiden, P.J.3    Romano, S.J.4    Siu, C.O.5
  • 109
    • 44949265356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ziprasidone versus other atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia
    • Komossa K, Rummel-Kluge C, Hunger H, et al. Ziprasidone versus other atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009; 4: CD006627.
    • (2009) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , vol.4
    • Komossa, K.1    Rummel-Kluge, C.2    Hunger, H.3
  • 110
    • 84555189932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weight gain and metabolic risks associated with antipsychotic medications in children and adolescents
    • Maayan L, Correll CU. Weight gain and metabolic risks associated with antipsychotic medications in children and adolescents. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 2011; 21: 517-535.
    • (2011) J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol , vol.21 , pp. 517-535
    • Maayan, L.1    Correll, C.U.2
  • 112
    • 36649019378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weight issues for people with epilepsy - A review
    • Ben-Menachem E. Weight issues for people with epilepsy - a review. Epilepsia. 2007; 48(Suppl. 9): 42-45.
    • (2007) Epilepsia , vol.48 , pp. 42-45
    • Ben-Menachem, E.1
  • 113
    • 79955048896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weight gain following treatment with valproic acid: Pathogenetic mechanisms and clinical implications
    • Verrotti A, D'Egidio C, Mohn A, Coppola G, Chiarelli F. Weight gain following treatment with valproic acid: pathogenetic mechanisms and clinical implications. Obes Rev. 2011; 12: e32-e43.
    • (2011) Obes Rev , vol.12 , pp. e32-e43
    • Verrotti, A.1    D'Egidio, C.2    Mohn, A.3    Coppola, G.4    Chiarelli, F.5
  • 114
    • 0030852379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weight gain in epileptic patients during treatment with valproic acid: A retrospective study
    • Corman CL, Leung NM, Guberman AH. Weight gain in epileptic patients during treatment with valproic acid: a retrospective study. Can J Neurol Sci. 1997; 24: 240-244.
    • (1997) Can J Neurol Sci , vol.24 , pp. 240-244
    • Corman, C.L.1    Leung, N.M.2    Guberman, A.H.3
  • 115
    • 0031405115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes inbody weight with chronic, high-dose gabapentin therapy
    • DeToledo JC, Toledo C, DeCerce J, Ramsay RE. Changes inbody weight with chronic, high-dose gabapentin therapy. Ther Drug Monit. 1997; 19: 394-396.
    • (1997) Ther Drug Monit , vol.19 , pp. 394-396
    • DeToledo, J.C.1    Toledo, C.2    DeCerce, J.3    Ramsay, R.E.4
  • 116
    • 0035185642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bodyweight gain and anticonvulsants: A comparative review
    • Jallon P, Picard F. Bodyweight gain and anticonvulsants: a comparative review. Drug Saf. 2001; 24: 969-978.
    • (2001) Drug Saf , vol.24 , pp. 969-978
    • Jallon, P.1    Picard, F.2
  • 117
    • 77953775822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modification in body weight associated with antiepileptic drugs
    • Gaspari CN, Guerreiro CA. Modification in body weight associated with antiepileptic drugs. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2010; 68: 277-281.
    • (2010) Arq Neuropsiquiatr , vol.68 , pp. 277-281
    • Gaspari, C.N.1    Guerreiro, C.A.2
  • 120
    • 0032033097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weight gain associated with protease inhibitor therapy in HIV-infected patients
    • Stricker RB, Goldberg B. Weight gain associated with protease inhibitor therapy in HIV-infected patients. Res Virol. 1998; 149: 123-126.
    • (1998) Res Virol , vol.149 , pp. 123-126
    • Stricker, R.B.1    Goldberg, B.2
  • 121
    • 79959457411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Common adverse effects of antiretroviral therapy for HIV disease
    • Reust CE Common adverse effects of antiretroviral therapy for HIV disease. Am Fam Physician. 2011; 83: 1443-1451.
    • (2011) Am Fam Physician , vol.83 , pp. 1443-1451
    • Reust, C.E.1
  • 122
    • 34548648831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of knee osteoarthritis on exercise capacity and quality of life in obese adults
    • Sutbeyaz ST, Sezer N, Koseoglu BF, Ibrahimoglu F, Tekin D. Influence of knee osteoarthritis on exercise capacity and quality of life in obese adults. Obesity. 2007; 15: 2071-2076.
    • (2007) Obesity , vol.15 , pp. 2071-2076
    • Sutbeyaz, S.T.1    Sezer, N.2    Koseoglu, B.F.3    Ibrahimoglu, F.4    Tekin, D.5
  • 123
    • 33745587006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Revisiting the toxicity of low-dose glucocorticoids: Risks and fears
    • Da Silva JA, Jacobs JW, Bijlsma JW. Revisiting the toxicity of low-dose glucocorticoids: risks and fears. Ann NY Acad Sci. 2006; 1069: 275-288.
    • (2006) Ann NY Acad Sci , vol.1069 , pp. 275-288
    • Da Silva, J.A.1    Jacobs, J.W.2    Bijlsma, J.W.3
  • 124
    • 33745053316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The benefit of low-dose glucocorticoid treatment in early rheumatoid arthritis may outweigh the risk: Comment on the editorial by harris
    • author reply 2032
    • Jacobs JW, Boers M, Kirwan JR, Bijlsma JW. The benefit of low-dose glucocorticoid treatment in early rheumatoid arthritis may outweigh the risk: comment on the editorial by Harris. Arthritis Rheum. 2006; 54(6): 2031-2032; author reply 2032.
    • (2006) Arthritis Rheum , vol.54 , Issue.6 , pp. 2031-2032
    • Jacobs, J.W.1    Boers, M.2    Kirwan, J.R.3    Bijlsma, J.W.4
  • 125
    • 0036166382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • COBRA combination therapy in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: Long-term structural benefits of a brief intervention
    • Landewé RB, Boers M, Verhoeven AC, et al. COBRA combination therapy in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: long-term structural benefits of a brief intervention. Arthritis Rheum. 2002; 46: 347-356.
    • (2002) Arthritis Rheum , vol.46 , pp. 347-356
    • Landewé, R.B.1    Boers, M.2    Verhoeven, A.C.3
  • 126
    • 0036349319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention or retardation of joint damage in rheumatoid arthritis: Issues of definition, evaluation and interpretation of plain radiographs
    • Boers M, van der Heijde DM. Prevention or retardation of joint damage in rheumatoid arthritis: issues of definition, evaluation and interpretation of plain radiographs. Drugs. 2002; 62(12): 1717-1724.
    • (2002) Drugs , vol.62 , Issue.12 , pp. 1717-1724
    • Boers, M.1    Van Der Heijde, D.M.2
  • 127
    • 0027340599 scopus 로고
    • Randomized double-blind trial of prednisone versus radiotherapy in graves' ophthalmopathy
    • Prummel MF, Mourits MP, Blank L, Berghout A, Koornneef L, Wiersinga WM. Randomized double-blind trial of prednisone versus radiotherapy in Graves' ophthalmopathy. Lancet. 1993; 342(8877): 949-954.
    • (1993) Lancet , vol.342 , Issue.8877 , pp. 949-954
    • Prummel, M.F.1    Mourits, M.P.2    Blank, L.3    Berghout, A.4    Koornneef, L.5    Wiersinga, W.M.6
  • 128
    • 33750441308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug-induced weight gain: Non-CNS medications
    • Aronne LJ, ed. Minneapolis, MN: McGraw-Hill
    • Aronne LJ Drug-induced weight gain: non-CNS medications. In: Aronne LJ, ed. A Practical Guide to Drug-Induced Weight Gain. Minneapolis, MN: McGraw-Hill; 2002: 77-91.
    • (2002) A Practical Guide to Drug-Induced Weight Gain , pp. 77-91
    • Aronne, L.J.1
  • 129
    • 78649950286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of prescription H1 antihistamine use with obesity: Results from the national health and nutrition examination survey
    • Ratliff JC, Barber JA, Palmese LB, Reutenauer EL, Tek C. Association of prescription H1 antihistamine use with obesity: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2010; 18: 2398-2400.
    • (2010) Obesity (Silver Spring) , vol.18 , pp. 2398-2400
    • Ratliff, J.C.1    Barber, J.A.2    Palmese, L.B.3    Reutenauer, E.L.4    Tek, C.5
  • 130
    • 0026593857 scopus 로고
    • Long-term weight control study. II (weeks 34 to 104). An open-label study of continuous fenfluramine plus phentermine versus targeted intermittent medication as adjuncts to behavior modification, caloric restriction, and exercise
    • Weintraub M, Sundaresan PR, Schuster B, et al. Long-term weight control study. II (weeks 34 to 104). An open-label study of continuous fenfluramine plus phentermine versus targeted intermittent medication as adjuncts to behavior modification, caloric restriction, and exercise. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1992; 51: 595-601.
    • (1992) Clin Pharmacol Ther , vol.51 , pp. 595-601
    • Weintraub, M.1    Sundaresan, P.R.2    Schuster, B.3
  • 131
    • 84896690350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Addiction potential of phentermine prescribed during long-term treatment of obesity
    • Hendricks EJ, Srisurapanont M, Schmidt SL, et al. Addiction potential of phentermine prescribed during long-term treatment of obesity. Int J Obes (Lond). 2014; 38: 292-298.
    • (2014) Int J Obes (Lond) , vol.38 , pp. 292-298
    • Hendricks, E.J.1    Srisurapanont, M.2    Schmidt, S.L.3
  • 133
    • 84859419232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bariatric surgery versus conventional medical therapy for type 2 diabetes
    • Mingrone G, Panunzi S, De Gaetano A, et al. Bariatric surgery versus conventional medical therapy for type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2012; 366: 1577-1585.
    • (2012) N Engl J Med , vol.366 , pp. 1577-1585
    • Mingrone, G.1    Panunzi, S.2    De Gaetano, A.3
  • 134
    • 84860136615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bariatric surgery versus intensive medical therapy in obese patients with diabetes
    • Schauer PR, Kashyap SR, Wolski K, et al. Bariatric surgery versus intensive medical therapy in obese patients with diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2012; 366: 1567-1576.
    • (2012) N Engl J Med , vol.366 , pp. 1567-1576
    • Schauer, P.R.1    Kashyap, S.R.2    Wolski, K.3
  • 135
    • 61549094077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Weight and type 2 diabetes after bariatric surgery: Systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Buchwald H, Estok R, Fahrbach K, et al. Weight and type 2 diabetes after bariatric surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Med. 2009; 122: 248-256.e5.
    • (2009) Am J Med , vol.122 , pp. 248-256e5
    • Buchwald, H.1    Estok, R.2    Fahrbach, K.3
  • 136
    • 48649103378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of lifestyle interventionon the occurrence of metabolic syndrome and its components in the finnish diabetes prevention study
    • Ilanne-Parikka P, Eriksson JG, Lindström J, et al. Effect of lifestyle interventionon the occurrence of metabolic syndrome and its components in the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study. Diabetes Care. 2008; 31: 805-807.
    • (2008) Diabetes Care , vol.31 , pp. 805-807
    • Ilanne-Parikka, P.1    Eriksson, J.G.2    Lindström, J.3
  • 137
    • 34548321238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of weight loss on the metabolic syndrome
    • Phelan S, Wadden TA, Berkowitz RI, et al. Impact of weight loss on the metabolic syndrome. Int J Obes (Lond). 2007; 31: 1442-1448.
    • (2007) Int J Obes (Lond) , vol.31 , pp. 1442-1448
    • Phelan, S.1    Wadden, T.A.2    Berkowitz, R.I.3
  • 139
    • 12344259474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overweight and obesity and weight change in middle aged men: Impact on cardiovascular disease and diabetes
    • Wannamethee SG, Shaper AG, Walker M. Overweight and obesity and weight change in middle aged men: impact on cardiovascular disease and diabetes. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2005; 59: 134-139.
    • (2005) J Epidemiol Community Health , vol.59 , pp. 134-139
    • Wannamethee, S.G.1    Shaper, A.G.2    Walker, M.3
  • 140
    • 0025959287 scopus 로고
    • Hepatic effects of dietary weight loss in morbidly obese subjects
    • Andersen T, Gluud C, Franzmann MB, Christoffersen P. Hepatic effects of dietary weight loss in morbidly obese subjects. J Hepatol. 1991; 12: 224-229.
    • (1991) J Hepatol , vol.12 , pp. 224-229
    • Andersen, T.1    Gluud, C.2    Franzmann, M.B.3    Christoffersen, P.4
  • 141
    • 19144372447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • One-year intense nutritional counseling results in histological improvement in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: A pilot study
    • Huang MA, Greenson JK, Chao C, et al. One-year intense nutritional counseling results in histological improvement in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: a pilot study. Am J Gastroenterol. 2005; 100: 1072-1081.
    • (2005) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.100 , pp. 1072-1081
    • Huang, M.A.1    Greenson, J.K.2    Chao, C.3
  • 142
    • 0025186310 scopus 로고
    • Effect of weight reduction on hepatic abnormalitiesin overweight patients
    • Palmer M, Schaffner F. Effect of weight reduction on hepatic abnormalitiesin overweight patients. Gastroenterology. 1990; 99(5): 1408-1413.
    • (1990) Gastroenterology , vol.99 , Issue.5 , pp. 1408-1413
    • Palmer, M.1    Schaffner, F.2
  • 143
    • 0030740659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic effects of restricted diet and exercise in obese patients with fatty liver
    • Ueno T, Sugawara H, Sujaku K, et al. Therapeutic effects of restricted diet and exercise in obese patients with fatty liver. J Hepatol. 1997; 27: 103-107.
    • (1997) J Hepatol , vol.27 , pp. 103-107
    • Ueno, T.1    Sugawara, H.2    Sujaku, K.3
  • 144
    • 34147223802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of weight reduction in obese patients diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Christensen R, Bartels EM, Astrup A, Bliddal H. Effect of weight reduction in obese patients diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2007; 66: 433-439.
    • (2007) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.66 , pp. 433-439
    • Christensen, R.1    Bartels, E.M.2    Astrup, A.3    Bliddal, H.4
  • 145
    • 2342551981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary weight loss and exercise for obese adults with knee osteoarthritis: Modest weight loss targets, mild exercise, modest effects
    • Fransen M. Dietary weight loss and exercise for obese adults with knee osteoarthritis: modest weight loss targets, mild exercise, modest effects. Arthritis Rheum. 2004; 50: 1366-1369.
    • (2004) Arthritis Rheum , vol.50 , pp. 1366-1369
    • Fransen, M.1
  • 146
    • 0034533966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of weight reduction on the rehabilitation of patients with knee osteoarthritis and obesity
    • Huang MH, Chen CH, Chen TW, Weng MC, Wang WT, Wang YL. The effects of weight reduction on the rehabilitation of patients with knee osteoarthritis and obesity. Arthritis Care Res. 2000; 13: 398-405.
    • (2000) Arthritis Care Res , vol.13 , pp. 398-405
    • Huang, M.H.1    Chen, C.H.2    Chen, T.W.3    Weng, M.C.4    Wang, W.T.5    Wang, Y.L.6
  • 147
    • 2342603416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exercise and dietary weight loss in overweight and obese older adults with knee osteoarthritis: The arthritis, diet, and ActivityPromotion trial
    • Messier SP, Loeser RF, Miller GD, et al. Exercise and dietary weight loss in overweight and obese older adults with knee osteoarthritis: the Arthritis, Diet, and ActivityPromotion Trial. Arthritis Rheum. 2004; 50: 1501-1510.
    • (2004) Arthritis Rheum , vol.50 , pp. 1501-1510
    • Messier, S.P.1    Loeser, R.F.2    Miller, G.D.3
  • 148
    • 13444268959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of exercise adherence on physical function among overweight older adults with knee osteoarthritis
    • van Gool CH, Penninx BW, Kempen GI, et al. Effects of exercise adherence on physical function among overweight older adults with knee osteoarthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2005; 53: 24-32.
    • (2005) Arthritis Rheum , vol.53 , pp. 24-32
    • Van Gool, C.H.1    Penninx, B.W.2    Kempen, G.I.3
  • 149
    • 63049095081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cancer incidence and mortality after gastric bypass surgery
    • Adams TD, Stroup AM, Gress RE, et al. Cancer incidence and mortality after gastric bypass surgery. Obesity. 2009; 17: 796-802.
    • (2009) Obesity , vol.17 , pp. 796-802
    • Adams, T.D.1    Stroup, A.M.2    Gress, R.E.3
  • 150
    • 67649344115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of bariatric surgery on cancer incidence in obese patients in Sweden (Swedish obese subjects study): A prospective, controlled intervention trial
    • Sjöström L, Gummesson A, Sjöström CD, et al. Effects of bariatric surgery on cancer incidence in obese patients in Sweden (Swedish Obese Subjects Study): a prospective, controlled intervention trial. Lancet Oncol. 2009; 10: 653-662.
    • (2009) Lancet Oncol , vol.10 , pp. 653-662
    • Sjöström, L.1    Gummesson, A.2    Sjöström, C.D.3
  • 151
    • 84877119614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term effect of weight loss on obstructive sleep apnea severity in obese patients with type 2 diabetes
    • Kuna ST, Reboussin DM, Borradaile KE, et al. Long-term effect of weight loss on obstructive sleep apnea severity in obese patients with type 2 diabetes. Sleep. 2013; 36: 641-649A.
    • (2013) Sleep , vol.36 , pp. 641-649A
    • Kuna, S.T.1    Reboussin, D.M.2    Borradaile, K.E.3
  • 152
    • 11844294865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors for patients with type 2 diabetes: Results from a cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis
    • van de Laar FA, Lucassen PL, Akkermans RP, et al. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors for patients with type 2 diabetes: results from a Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Care. 2005; 28(1): 154-163.
    • (2005) Diabetes Care. , vol.28 , Issue.1 , pp. 154-163
    • Van De Laar, F.A.1    Lucassen, P.L.2    Akkermans, R.P.3
  • 153
    • 0036708117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of miglitol on glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion and appetite sensations in obese type 2 diabetics
    • 202
    • Lee A, Patrick P, Wishart J, Horowitz M, Morley JE. The effects of miglitol on glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion and appetite sensations in obese type 2 diabetics. Diabetes Obes Metab. 202; 4(5): 329-335.
    • Diabetes Obes Metab. , vol.4 , Issue.5 , pp. 329-335
    • Lee, A.1    Patrick, P.2    Wishart, J.3    Horowitz, M.4    Morley, J.E.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.