메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2011, Pages 61-84

Implicit attitudes 101: Theoretical and empirical insights

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 84920761292     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.4324/9780203838068     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (33)

References (108)
  • 2
    • 0037997350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Individual differences in the activation and control of affective race bias as assessed by startle eyeblink response and self-report
    • Amodio, D. M., Harmon-Jones, E., & Devine, P. G. (2003). Individual differences in the activation and control of affective race bias as assessed by startle eyeblink response and self-report. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 738–753.
    • (2003) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.84 , pp. 738-753
    • Amodio, D.M.1    Harmon-Jones, E.2    Devine, P.G.3
  • 3
    • 15244359496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attributions of implicit prejudice, or “would jesse jackson ‘fail’ the implicit association test?”
    • Arkes, H. R., & Tetlock, P. E. (2004). Attributions of implicit prejudice, or “Would Jesse Jackson ‘fail’ the Implicit Association Test?” Psychological Inquiry, 15, 257–278.
    • (2004) Psychological Inquiry , vol.15 , pp. 257-278
    • Arkes, H.R.1    Tetlock, P.E.2
  • 4
    • 0042524402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Black americans’ implicit racial associations and their implications for intergroup judgment
    • Ashburn-Nardo, L., Knowles, M. L., & Monteith, M. J. (2003). Black Americans’ implicit racial associations and their implications for intergroup judgment. Social Cognition, 21, 61–87.
    • (2003) Social Cognition , vol.21 , pp. 61-87
    • Ashburn-Nardo, L.1    Knowles, M.L.2    Monteith, M.J.3
  • 6
    • 0001885920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit attitudes can be measured
    • H. L. Roediger, III, J. S. Nairne, I. Neath, & A. Surprenant (Eds.), Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association
    • Banaji, M. R. (2001). Implicit attitudes can be measured. In H. L. Roediger, III, J. S. Nairne, I. Neath, & A. Surprenant (Eds.), The nature of remembering: Essays in honor of Robert G. Crowder (pp. 117–150). Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association.
    • (2001) The Nature of Remembering: Essays in Honor of Robert G. Crowder , pp. 117-150
    • Banaji, M.R.1
  • 7
    • 15244347553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • No place for nostalgia in science: A response to arkes and tetlock
    • Banaji, M. R., Nosek, B. A., & Greenwald, A. G. (2004). No place for nostalgia in science: A response to Arkes and Tetlock. Psychological Inquiry, 15, 279–310.
    • (2004) Psychological Inquiry , vol.15 , pp. 279-310
    • Banaji, M.R.1    Nosek, B.A.2    Greenwald, A.G.3
  • 8
    • 3042772811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contextual moderation of racial bias: The impact of social roles on controlled and automatically activated attitudes
    • Barden, J., Maddux, W. W., Petty, R. E., & Brewer, M. B. (2004). Contextual moderation of racial bias: The impact of social roles on controlled and automatically activated attitudes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 87, 5–22.
    • (2004) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.87 , pp. 5-22
    • Barden, J.1    Maddux, W.W.2    Petty, R.E.3    Brewer, M.B.4
  • 9
    • 0002304169 scopus 로고
    • The four horsemen of automaticity: Awareness, intention, effi ciency, and control in social cognition
    • R. S. Wyer, Jr. & T. K. Srull (Eds.), Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum
    • Bargh, J. A. (1994). The four horsemen of automaticity: Awareness, intention, effi ciency, and control in social cognition. In R. S. Wyer, Jr. & T. K. Srull (Eds.), Handbook of social cognition (Vol. 1, pp. 1–40). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
    • (1994) Handbook of Social Cognition , vol.1 , pp. 1-40
    • Bargh, J.A.1
  • 10
    • 0000974763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The unbearable automaticity of being
    • Bargh, J. A., & Chartrand, T. L. (1999). The unbearable automaticity of being. American Psychologist, 54, 462–479.
    • (1999) American Psychologist , vol.54 , pp. 462-479
    • Bargh, J.A.1    Chartrand, T.L.2
  • 11
    • 0034558542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Automatic and controlled components of prejudice toward fat people: Evaluation versus stereotype
    • Bessenoff, G. R., & Sherman, J. W. (2000). Automatic and controlled components of prejudice toward fat people: Evaluation versus stereotype. Social Cognition, 18, 329–353.
    • (2000) Social Cognition , vol.18 , pp. 329-353
    • Bessenoff, G.R.1    Sherman, J.W.2
  • 12
    • 0036085865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The malleability of automatic stereotypes and prejudice
    • Blair, I. V. (2002). The malleability of automatic stereotypes and prejudice. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 6, 242–261.
    • (2002) Personality and Social Psychology Review , vol.6 , pp. 242-261
    • Blair, I.V.1
  • 13
    • 31144463367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Arbitrary metrics in psychology
    • Blanton, H., & Jaccard, J. (2006). Arbitrary metrics in psychology. American Psychologist, 61, 27–41.
    • (2006) American Psychologist , vol.61 , pp. 27-41
    • Blanton, H.1    Jaccard, J.2
  • 15
    • 0034305304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stalking the perfect measure of implicit self-esteem: The blind men and the elephant revisited
    • Bosson, J. K., Swann, W. B., & Pennebaker, J. W. (2000). Stalking the perfect measure of implicit self-esteem: The blind men and the elephant revisited. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 79, 631–643.
    • (2000) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.79 , pp. 631-643
    • Bosson, J.K.1    Swann, W.B.2    Pennebaker, J.W.3
  • 17
    • 0033249181 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consequences of automatic evaluation: Immediate behavioral predispositions to approach or avoid the stimulus
    • Chen, M., & Bargh, J. A. (1999). Consequences of automatic evaluation: Immediate behavioral predispositions to approach or avoid the stimulus. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 25, 215–224.
    • (1999) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.25 , pp. 215-224
    • Chen, M.1    Bargh, J.A.2
  • 21
    • 0035287103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit attitude measures: Consistency, stability, and convergent validity
    • Cunningham, W. A., Preacher, K. J., & Banaji, M. R. (2001). Implicit attitude measures: Consistency, stability, and convergent validity. Psychological Science, 12, 163–170.
    • (2001) Psychological Science , vol.12 , pp. 163-170
    • Cunningham, W.A.1    Preacher, K.J.2    Banaji, M.R.3
  • 22
    • 85047683742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the malleability of automatic attitudes: Combating automatic prejudice with images of admired and disliked individuals
    • Dasgupta, N., & Greenwald, A. G. (2001). On the malleability of automatic attitudes: Combating automatic prejudice with images of admired and disliked individuals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81, 800–814.
    • (2001) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.81 , pp. 800-814
    • Dasgupta, N.1    Greenwald, A.G.2
  • 23
    • 33747160780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From automatic antigay prejudice to behavior: The moderating role of conscious beliefs about gender and behavioral control
    • Dasgupta, N., & Rivera, L. M. (2006). From automatic antigay prejudice to behavior: The moderating role of conscious beliefs about gender and behavioral control. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 91, 268–280.
    • (2006) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.91 , pp. 268-280
    • Dasgupta, N.1    Rivera, L.M.2
  • 24
    • 0038229785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A structural analysis of indirect measures of attitudes
    • J. Musch & K. C. Klauer (Eds.), Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum
    • De Houwer, J. (2003a). A structural analysis of indirect measures of attitudes. In J. Musch & K. C. Klauer (Eds.), The psychology of evaluation: Affective processes in cognition and emotion (pp. 219–244). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
    • (2003) The Psychology of Evaluation: Affective Processes in Cognition and Emotion , pp. 219-244
    • De Houwer, J.1
  • 25
    • 0037630285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The extrinsic affective simon task
    • De Houwer, J. (2003b). The extrinsic affective Simon task. Experimental Psychology, 50, 77–85.
    • (2003) Experimental Psychology , vol.50 , pp. 77-85
    • De Houwer, J.1
  • 27
    • 25144451557 scopus 로고
    • Stereotypes and prejudice: Their automatic and controlled components
    • Devine, P. G. (1989). Stereotypes and prejudice: Their automatic and controlled components. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56, 5–18.
    • (1989) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.56 , pp. 5-18
    • Devine, P.G.1
  • 29
    • 2442512983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit self and identity
    • M. R. Leary & J. P. Tangney (Eds.), New York: Guilford
    • Devos, T., & Banaji, M. R. (2003). Implicit self and identity. In M. R. Leary & J. P. Tangney (Eds.), Handbook of self and identity (pp. 153–175). New York: Guilford.
    • (2003) Handbook of Self and Identity , pp. 153-175
    • Devos, T.1    Banaji, M.R.2
  • 31
    • 34248531776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • College education and motherhood as components of self-concept: Discrepancies between implicit and explicit assessments
    • Devos, T., Diaz, P., Viera, E., & Dunn, R. (2007). College education and motherhood as components of self-concept: Discrepancies between implicit and explicit assessments. Self and Identity, 6, 256–277.
    • (2007) Self and Identity , vol.6 , pp. 256-277
    • Devos, T.1    Diaz, P.2    Viera, E.3    Dunn, R.4
  • 32
    • 0001606524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit and explicit attitudes: Examination of the relationship between measures of intergroup bias
    • R. Brown & S. L. Gaertner (Eds.), Oxford, UK: Blackwell
    • Dovidio, J. F., Kawakami, K., & Beach, K. R. (2001). Implicit and explicit attitudes: Examination of the relationship between measures of intergroup bias. In R. Brown & S. L. Gaertner (Eds.), Blackwell handbook of social psychology: Intergroup processes (pp. 175–197). Oxford, UK: Blackwell.
    • (2001) Blackwell Handbook of Social Psychology: Intergroup Processes , pp. 175-197
    • Dovidio, J.F.1    Kawakami, K.2    Beach, K.R.3
  • 35
    • 0031101767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An individual difference measure of motivation to control prejudiced reactions
    • Dunton, B. C., & Fazio, R. H. (1997). An individual difference measure of motivation to control prejudiced reactions. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 23, 316–326.
    • (1997) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.23 , pp. 316-326
    • Dunton, B.C.1    Fazio, R.H.2
  • 36
    • 0034970385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the automatic activation of associated evaluations: An overview
    • Fazio, R. H. (2001). On the automatic activation of associated evaluations: An overview. Cognition & Emotion, 15, 115–141.
    • (2001) Cognition & Emotion , vol.15 , pp. 115-141
    • Fazio, R.H.1
  • 37
    • 0029448299 scopus 로고
    • Variability in automatic activation as an unobtrusive measure of racial attitudes: A bona fi de pipeline?
    • Fazio, R. H., Jackson, J. R., Dunton, B. C., & Williams, C. J. (1995). Variability in automatic activation as an unobtrusive measure of racial attitudes: A bona fi de pipeline? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69, 1013–1027.
    • (1995) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.69 , pp. 1013-1027
    • Fazio, R.H.1    Jackson, J.R.2    Dunton, B.C.3    Williams, C.J.4
  • 38
    • 0013107307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit measures in social cognition research: Their meaning and uses
    • Fazio, R. H., & Olson, M. A. (2003). Implicit measures in social cognition research: Their meaning and uses. Annual Review of Psychology, 54, 297–327.
    • (2003) Annual Review of Psychology , vol.54 , pp. 297-327
    • Fazio, R.H.1    Olson, M.A.2
  • 40
    • 10044233049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A threat in the computer: The race implicit association test as a stereotype threat experience
    • Frantz, C. M., Cuddy, A. J. C., Burnett, M., Ray, H., & Hart, A. (2004). A threat in the computer: The race Implicit Association Test as a stereotype threat experience. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 30, 1611–1624.
    • (2004) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.30 , pp. 1611-1624
    • Frantz, C.M.1    Cuddy, A.J.C.2    Burnett, M.3    Ray, H.4    Hart, A.5
  • 41
    • 32644461799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accessibility effects on implicit social cognition: The role of knowledge activation and retrieval experiences
    • Gawronski, B., & Bodenhausen, G. V. (2005). Accessibility effects on implicit social cognition: The role of knowledge activation and retrieval experiences. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89, 672–685.
    • (2005) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.89 , pp. 672-685
    • Gawronski, B.1    Bodenhausen, G.V.2
  • 42
    • 33748124141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Associative and propositional processes in evaluation: An integrative review of implicit and explicit attitude change
    • Gawronski, B., & Bodenhausen, G. V. (2006). Associative and propositional processes in evaluation: An integrative review of implicit and explicit attitude change. Psychological Bulletin, 132, 692–731.
    • (2006) Psychological Bulletin , vol.132 , pp. 692-731
    • Gawronski, B.1    Bodenhausen, G.V.2
  • 43
    • 24344472720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contextual infl uences on implicit evaluation: A test of additive versus contrastive effects of evaluative context stimuli in affective priming
    • Gawronski, B., Deutsch, R., & Seidel, O. (2005). Contextual infl uences on implicit evaluation: A test of additive versus contrastive effects of evaluative context stimuli in affective priming. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 31, 1226–1236.
    • (2005) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.31 , pp. 1226-1236
    • Gawronski, B.1    Deutsch, R.2    Seidel, O.3
  • 45
    • 2342624109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changing the affective valence of the stimulus items infl uences the iat by re-defi ning the category labels
    • Govan, C. L., & Williams, K. D. (2004). Changing the affective valence of the stimulus items infl uences the IAT by re-defi ning the category labels. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 40, 357–365.
    • (2004) Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , vol.40 , pp. 357-365
    • Govan, C.L.1    Williams, K.D.2
  • 46
    • 0029202423 scopus 로고
    • Implicit social cognition: Attitudes, self-esteem, and stereotypes
    • Greenwald, A. G., & Banaji, M. R. (1995). Implicit social cognition: Attitudes, self-esteem, and stereotypes. Psychological Review, 102, 4–27.
    • (1995) Psychological Review , vol.102 , pp. 4-27
    • Greenwald, A.G.1    Banaji, M.R.2
  • 51
    • 31644440596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Easier done than undone: Asymmetry in the malleability of implicit preferences
    • Gregg, A. P., Seibt, B., & Banaji, M. R. (2006). Easier done than undone: Asymmetry in the malleability of implicit preferences. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 90, 1–20.
    • (2006) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.90 , pp. 1-20
    • Gregg, A.P.1    Seibt, B.2    Banaji, M.R.3
  • 52
    • 26444502065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A meta-analysis on the correlation between the implicit association test and explicit self-report measures
    • Hofmann, W., Gawronski, B., Gschwendner, T., Le, H., & Schmitt, M. (2005). A meta-analysis on the correlation between the Implicit Association Test and explicit self-report measures. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 31, 1369–1385.
    • (2005) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.31 , pp. 1369-1385
    • Hofmann, W.1    Gawronski, B.2    Gschwendner, T.3    Le, H.4    Schmitt, M.5
  • 53
    • 20744454463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On implicit-explicit consistency: The moderating role of individual differences in awareness and adjustment
    • Hofmann, W., Gschwendner, T., & Schmitt, M. (2005). On implicit-explicit consistency: The moderating role of individual differences in awareness and adjustment. European Journal of Personality, 19, 25–49.
    • (2005) European Journal of Personality , vol.19 , pp. 25-49
    • Hofmann, W.1    Gschwendner, T.2    Schmitt, M.3
  • 54
    • 2142658688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit and explicit measures of sexual orientation attitudes: Ingroup preferences and related behaviors and beliefs among gay and straight men
    • Jellison, W. A., McConnell, A. R., & Gabriel, S. (2004). Implicit and explicit measures of sexual orientation attitudes: Ingroup preferences and related behaviors and beliefs among gay and straight men. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 30, 629–642.
    • (2004) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.30 , pp. 629-642
    • Jellison, W.A.1    McConnell, A.R.2    Gabriel, S.3
  • 56
    • 18144362487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Types of high self-esteem and prejudice: How implicit self-esteem relates to ethnic discrimination among high explicit self-esteem individuals
    • Jordan, C. H., Spencer, S. J., & Zanna, M. P. (2005). Types of high self-esteem and prejudice: How implicit self-esteem relates to ethnic discrimination among high explicit self-esteem individuals. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 31, 693–702.
    • (2005) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.31 , pp. 693-702
    • Jordan, C.H.1    Spencer, S.J.2    Zanna, M.P.3
  • 58
    • 84956703161 scopus 로고
    • The role of stereotyping in system-justifi cation and the production of false consciousness
    • Jost, J. T., & Banaji, M. R. (1994). The role of stereotyping in system-justifi cation and the production of false consciousness. British Journal of Social Psychology, 33, 1–27.
    • (1994) British Journal of Social Psychology , vol.33 , pp. 1-27
    • Jost, J.T.1    Banaji, M.R.2
  • 59
    • 4043130757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A decade of system justifi cation theory: Accumulated evidence of conscious and unconscious bolstering of the status quo
    • Jost, J. T., Banaji, M. R., & Nosek, B. A. (2004). A decade of system justifi cation theory: Accumulated evidence of conscious and unconscious bolstering of the status quo. Political Psychology, 25, 881–920.
    • (2004) Political Psychology , vol.25 , pp. 881-920
    • Jost, J.T.1    Banaji, M.R.2    Nosek, B.A.3
  • 60
    • 0036873425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-conscious forms of system justifi cation: Implicit and behavioral preferences for higher status groups
    • Jost, J. T., Pelham, B. W., & Carvallo, M. R. (2002). Non-conscious forms of system justifi cation: Implicit and behavioral preferences for higher status groups. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 38, 586–602.
    • (2002) Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , vol.38 , pp. 586-602
    • Jost, J.T.1    Pelham, B.W.2    Carvallo, M.R.3
  • 62
    • 22144471225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attitude importance as a moderator of the relationship between implicit and explicit attitude measures
    • Karpinski, A., Steinman, R. B., & Hilton, J. L. (2005). Attitude importance as a moderator of the relationship between implicit and explicit attitude measures. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 31, 949–962.
    • (2005) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.31 , pp. 949-962
    • Karpinski, A.1    Steinman, R.B.2    Hilton, J.L.3
  • 63
    • 27844541355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Me and my group: Cultural status can disrupt cognitive consistency
    • Lane, K. A., Mitchell, J. P., & Banaji, M. R. (2005). Me and my group: Cultural status can disrupt cognitive consistency. Social Cognition, 23, 353–386.
    • (2005) Social Cognition , vol.23 , pp. 353-386
    • Lane, K.A.1    Mitchell, J.P.2    Banaji, M.R.3
  • 64
    • 0036639157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of perceived negativity in the moderation of african americans’ implicit and explicit racial attitudes
    • Livingston, R. W. (2002). The role of perceived negativity in the moderation of African Americans’ implicit and explicit racial attitudes. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 38, 405–413.
    • (2002) Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , vol.38 , pp. 405-413
    • Livingston, R.W.1
  • 66
    • 10944268993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Saying no to negativity: The effects of context and motivation to control prejudice on automatic evaluative responses
    • Maddux, W. W., Barden, J., Brewer, M. B., & Petty, R. E. (2005). Saying no to negativity: The effects of context and motivation to control prejudice on automatic evaluative responses. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 41, 19–35.
    • (2005) Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , vol.41 , pp. 19-35
    • Maddux, W.W.1    Barden, J.2    Brewer, M.B.3    Petty, R.E.4
  • 67
    • 0002114837 scopus 로고
    • Modern racism, ambivalence, and the modern racism scale
    • J. F. Dovidio & S. L. Gaertner (Eds.), San Diego, CA: Academic Press
    • McConahay, J. B. (1986). Modern racism, ambivalence, and the modern racism scale. In J. F. Dovidio & S. L. Gaertner (Eds.), Prejudice, discrimination, and racism (pp. 91–125). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
    • (1986) Prejudice, Discrimination, and Racism , pp. 91-125
    • McConahay, J.B.1
  • 68
    • 0035188623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relations among the implicit association test, discriminatory behavior, and explicit measures of racial attitudes
    • McConnell, A. R., & Leibold, J. M. (2001). Relations among the implicit association test, discriminatory behavior, and explicit measures of racial attitudes. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 37, 435–442.
    • (2001) Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , vol.37 , pp. 435-442
    • McConnell, A.R.1    Leibold, J.M.2
  • 70
    • 3242694493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attitudes toward people with aids and avoidance behavior: Automatic and refl ective bases of behavior
    • Neumann, R., Hulsenbeck, K., & Seibt, B. (2004). Attitudes toward people with AIDS and avoidance behavior: Automatic and refl ective bases of behavior. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 40, 543–550.
    • (2004) Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , vol.40 , pp. 543-550
    • Neumann, R.1    Hulsenbeck, K.2    Seibt, B.3
  • 71
    • 28744438549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Moderators of the relationship between implicit and explicit evaluation
    • Nosek, B. A. (2005). Moderators of the relationship between implicit and explicit evaluation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 134, 565–584.
    • (2005) Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , vol.134 , pp. 565-584
    • Nosek, B.A.1
  • 72
    • 0035528241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring implicit social cognition: The go/no-go association task
    • Nosek, B. A., & Banaji, M. R. (2001). Measuring implicit social cognition: The go/no-go association task. Social Cognition, 19, 625–666.
    • (2001) Social Cognition , vol.19 , pp. 625-666
    • Nosek, B.A.1    Banaji, M.R.2
  • 73
    • 0036119975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Harvesting implicit group attitudes and beliefs from a demonstration website
    • Nosek, B. A., Banaji, M. R., & Greenwald, A. G. (2002). Harvesting implicit group attitudes and beliefs from a demonstration website. Group Dynamics, 6, 101–115.
    • (2002) Group Dynamics , vol.6 , pp. 101-115
    • Nosek, B.A.1    Banaji, M.R.2    Greenwald, A.G.3
  • 75
    • 84985853324 scopus 로고
    • Narcissism beyond gestalt and awareness: The name letter effect
    • Nuttin, J. M. (1985). Narcissism beyond Gestalt and awareness: The name letter effect. European Journal of Social Psychology, 15, 353–361.
    • (1985) European Journal of Social Psychology , vol.15 , pp. 353-361
    • Nuttin, J.M.1
  • 76
    • 84985793286 scopus 로고
    • Affective consequences of mere ownership: The name letter effect in twelve european languages
    • Nuttin, J. M. (1987). Affective consequences of mere ownership: The name letter effect in twelve European languages. European Journal of Social Psychology, 17, 381–402.
    • (1987) European Journal of Social Psychology , vol.17 , pp. 381-402
    • Nuttin, J.M.1
  • 77
    • 0035463005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit attitude formation through classical conditioning
    • Olson, M. A., & Fazio, R. H. (2001). Implicit attitude formation through classical conditioning. Psychological Science, 12, 413–417.
    • (2001) Psychological Science , vol.12 , pp. 413-417
    • Olson, M.A.1    Fazio, R.H.2
  • 78
    • 0036080987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit acquisition and manifestation of classically conditioned attitudes
    • Olson, M. A., & Fazio, R. H. (2002). Implicit acquisition and manifestation of classically conditioned attitudes. Social Cognition, 20, 89–104.
    • (2002) Social Cognition , vol.20 , pp. 89-104
    • Olson, M.A.1    Fazio, R.H.2
  • 79
    • 0346991529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relations between implicit measures of prejudice: What are we measuring?
    • Olson, M. A., & Fazio, R. H. (2003). Relations between implicit measures of prejudice: What are we measuring? Psychological Science, 14, 636–639.
    • (2003) Psychological Science , vol.14 , pp. 636-639
    • Olson, M.A.1    Fazio, R.H.2
  • 80
    • 2442557248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reducing the infl uence of extrapersonal associations on the implicit association test: Personalizing the iat
    • Olson, M. A., & Fazio, R. H. (2004). Reducing the infl uence of extrapersonal associations on the Implicit Association Test: Personalizing the IAT. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 86, 653–667.
    • (2004) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.86 , pp. 653-667
    • Olson, M.A.1    Fazio, R.H.2
  • 81
    • 0034386417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for implicit evaluative in-group bias: Affectbiased spontaneous trait inference in a minimal group paradigm
    • Otten, S., & Moskowitz, G. B. (2000). Evidence for implicit evaluative in-group bias: Affectbiased spontaneous trait inference in a minimal group paradigm. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 36, 77–89.
    • (2000) Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , vol.36 , pp. 77-89
    • Otten, S.1    Moskowitz, G.B.2
  • 82
    • 0033248404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • About the impact of automaticity in the minimal group paradigm: Evidence from affective priming tasks
    • Otten, S., & Wentura, D. (1999). About the impact of automaticity in the Minimal Group Paradigm: Evidence from affective priming tasks. European Journal of Social Psychology, 29, 1049–1071.
    • (1999) European Journal of Social Psychology , vol.29 , pp. 1049-1071
    • Otten, S.1    Wentura, D.2
  • 83
    • 27944434342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conceptualizing control in social cognition: How executive functioning modulates the expression of automatic stereotyping
    • Payne, B. K. (2005). Conceptualizing control in social cognition: How executive functioning modulates the expression of automatic stereotyping. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89, 488–503.
    • (2005) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.89 , pp. 488-503
    • Payne, B.K.1
  • 84
    • 27944441315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attitudes as accessibility bias: Dissociating automatic and controlled processes
    • R. R. Hassin, J. S. Uleman, & J. A. Bargh (Eds.), New York: Oxford University Press
    • Payne, B. K., Jacoby, L. L., & Lambert, A. J. (2005). Attitudes as accessibility bias: Dissociating automatic and controlled processes. In R. R. Hassin, J. S. Uleman, & J. A. Bargh (Eds.), The new unconscious. (pp. 393–420). New York: Oxford University Press.
    • (2005) The New Unconscious , pp. 393-420
    • Payne, B.K.1    Jacoby, L.L.2    Lambert, A.J.3
  • 85
    • 85047668932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why susie sells seashells by the seashore: Implicit egotism and major life decisions
    • Pelham, B. W., Mirenberg, M. C., & Jones, J. K. (2002). Why Susie sells seashells by the seashore: Implicit egotism and major life decisions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82, 469–487.
    • (2002) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.82 , pp. 469-487
    • Pelham, B.W.1    Mirenberg, M.C.2    Jones, J.K.3
  • 88
    • 28744454920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploring implicit partisanship: Enigmatic (but genuine) group identifi cation and attraction
    • Pinter, B., & Greenwald, A. G. (2004). Exploring implicit partisanship: Enigmatic (but genuine) group identifi cation and attraction. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 7, 283–296.
    • (2004) Group Processes & Intergroup Relations , vol.7 , pp. 283-296
    • Pinter, B.1    Greenwald, A.G.2
  • 91
    • 2342455859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of multiculturalism versus colorblindness on racial bias
    • Richeson, J. A., & Nussbaum, R. J. (2004). The impact of multiculturalism versus colorblindness on racial bias. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 40, 417–423.
    • (2004) Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , vol.40 , pp. 417-423
    • Richeson, J.A.1    Nussbaum, R.J.2
  • 93
    • 85047686528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • L. (2001). “unlearning” automatic biases: The malleability of implicit prejudice and stereotypes
    • Rudman, L. A., Ashmore, R. D., & Gary, M. L. (2001). “Unlearning” automatic biases: The malleability of implicit prejudice and stereotypes. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 81, 856–868.
    • Journal of Personality & Social Psychology , vol.81 , pp. 856-868
    • Rudman, L.A.1    Ashmore, R.D.2    Gary, M.3
  • 94
    • 0036390346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minority members’ implicit attitudes: Automatic in-group bias as a function of group status
    • Rudman, L. A., Feinberg, J., & Fairchild, K. (2002). Minority members’ implicit attitudes: Automatic in-group bias as a function of group status. Social Cognition, 20, 294–320.
    • (2002) Social Cognition , vol.20 , pp. 294-320
    • Rudman, L.A.1    Feinberg, J.2    Fairchild, K.3
  • 95
    • 7444246717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gender differences in automatic in-group bias: Why do women like women more than men like men?
    • Rudman, L. A., & Goodwin, S. A. (2004). Gender differences in automatic in-group bias: Why do women like women more than men like men? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 87, 494–509.
    • (2004) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.87 , pp. 494-509
    • Rudman, L.A.1    Goodwin, S.A.2
  • 97
    • 33750353084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On building a better process model: It’s not only how many, but which ones and by which means
    • Sherman, J. S. (2006). On building a better process model: It’s not only how many, but which ones and by which means. Psychological Inquiry, 17, 173–184.
    • (2006) Psychological Inquiry , vol.17 , pp. 173-184
    • Sherman, J.S.1
  • 98
    • 15844397209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relationship between parental racial attitudes and children’s implicit prejudice
    • Sinclair, S., Dunn, E., & Lowery, B. S. (2005). The relationship between parental racial attitudes and children’s implicit prejudice. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 41, 283–289.
    • (2005) Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , vol.41 , pp. 283-289
    • Sinclair, S.1    Dunn, E.2    Lowery, B.S.3
  • 99
    • 0030138086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What do connectionism and social psychology offer each other?
    • Smith, E. R. (1996). What do connectionism and social psychology offer each other? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70, 893–912.
    • (1996) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.70 , pp. 893-912
    • Smith, E.R.1
  • 100
    • 0034965713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using the implicit association test to investigate attitude-behaviour consistency for stigmatised behaviour
    • Swanson, J. E., Rudman, L. A., & Greenwald, A. G. (2001). Using the Implicit Association Test to investigate attitude-behaviour consistency for stigmatised behaviour. Cognition & Emotion, 15, 207–230.
    • (2001) Cognition & Emotion , vol.15 , pp. 207-230
    • Swanson, J.E.1    Rudman, L.A.2    Greenwald, A.G.3
  • 101
    • 0035625076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the origins of racial attitudes: Correlates of childhood experiences
    • Towles-Schwen, T., & Fazio, R. H. (2001). On the origins of racial attitudes: Correlates of childhood experiences. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27, 162–175.
    • (2001) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.27 , pp. 162-175
    • Towles-Schwen, T.1    Fazio, R.H.2
  • 102
    • 0037259987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Choosing social situations: The relation between automatically activated racial attitudes and anticipated comfort interacting with african americans
    • Towles-Schwen, T., & Fazio, R. H. (2003). Choosing social situations: The relation between automatically activated racial attitudes and anticipated comfort interacting with African Americans. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29, 170–182.
    • (2003) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.29 , pp. 170-182
    • Towles-Schwen, T.1    Fazio, R.H.2
  • 103
    • 9344259693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Racial discrimination by low-prejudiced whites facial movements as implicit measures of attitudes related to behavior
    • Vanman, E. J., Saltz, J. L., Nathan, L. R., & Warren, J. A. (2004). Racial discrimination by low-prejudiced Whites facial movements as implicit measures of attitudes related to behavior. Psychological Science, 15, 711–714.
    • (2004) Psychological Science , vol.15 , pp. 711-714
    • Vanman, E.J.1    Saltz, J.L.2    Nathan, L.R.3    Warren, J.A.4
  • 104
    • 0002027066 scopus 로고
    • Attitudes as temporary constructions
    • L. L. Martin & A. Tesser (Eds.), Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum
    • Wilson, T. D., & Hodges, S. D. (1992). Attitudes as temporary constructions. In L. L. Martin & A. Tesser (Eds.), The construction of social judgments (pp. 37–65). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
    • (1992) The Construction of Social Judgments , pp. 37-65
    • Wilson, T.D.1    Hodges, S.D.2
  • 106
    • 0031067645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for racial prejudice at the implicit level and its relationship with questionnaire measures
    • Wittenbrink, B., Judd, C. M., & Park, B. (1997). Evidence for racial prejudice at the implicit level and its relationship with questionnaire measures. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72, 262–274.
    • (1997) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.72 , pp. 262-274
    • Wittenbrink, B.1    Judd, C.M.2    Park, B.3
  • 107
    • 85047684285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spontaneous prejudice in context: Variability in automatically activated attitudes
    • Wittenbrink, B., Judd, C. M., & Park, B. (2001). Spontaneous prejudice in context: Variability in automatically activated attitudes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81, 815–827.
    • (2001) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.81 , pp. 815-827
    • Wittenbrink, B.1    Judd, C.M.2    Park, B.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.